Lightweight high-strength multi-component composite co-extrusion wood-plastic structural wood and production equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field, and discloses a lightweight high-strength multi-component composite co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material and production equipment, the lightweight high-strength multi-component composite co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material comprises a mold, an extruder and a cooling assembly; the extruder is used for injecting a wood-plastic raw material into the mold after hot melting, the mold extrudes and coats the wood-plastic fluid raw material subjected to hot melting on a core material, and the cooling assembly is arranged on the rear side of the mold and is used for cooling and shaping a wood-plastic coating layer on the core material. According to the invention, the wood-plastic material can be coated on the core material after hot melting by utilizing the extruder, and the wood-plastic material is extruded and shaped by utilizing the mold and the cooling assembly, so that the wood-plastic material and the core material are extruded and compounded, and the advantages of the core material and the wood-plastic material are complementary.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extruders, and in particular to a lightweight and high-strength multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material and production equipment. Background Art

[0002] Wood plastic, or wood plastic composite material, is a new type of composite material that has been booming in recent years at home and abroad. It refers to the use of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, etc., instead of the usual resin adhesive, mixed with more than 35%-70% of wood powder, rice husks, straw and other waste plant fibers to form new wood materials, and then produced through plastic processing techniques such as extrusion, molding, injection molding, etc., to produce boards or profiles. It is mainly used in building materials, furniture, logistics packaging and other industries. The board formed by hot extrusion of plastic and wood powder in a certain proportion is called extruded wood plastic composite board.

[0003] However, the single extruded wood-plastic composite board is suitable for the advanced biomass wood-plastic structural materials of traditional green buildings, which are lightweight, high-strength, high-toughness, creep-resistant, corrosion-resistant, anti-insect, weather-resistant, waterproof, low-carbon and recyclable. However, it still has the problems of low strength, easy creep and brittle fracture, and cannot be used as load-bearing structural materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight and high-strength multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material and production equipment to solve the technical problems in the prior art that single extruded wood-plastic composite boards have low strength, are prone to creep and brittle fracture, and cannot be used as load-bearing structural materials.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lightweight, high-strength, multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material and production equipment, including: a mold, an extruder and a shaping component;

[0007] The extruder is used to melt the wood-plastic raw material and inject it into the mold. The mold extrude and coat the hot-melt wood-plastic fluid raw material on the core material. The shaping component is arranged at the rear side of the mold and is used to cool and shape the wood-plastic coating layer on the core material.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the extruder includes a shell layer extruder and a decorative layer extruder;

[0009] The shell layer extruder is used to introduce hot-melt wood-plastic material into the mold so as to coat the core material with a wood-plastic shell layer through the mold;

[0010] The decorative layer extruder is used to introduce the functionalized co-extruded material into the mold so as to coat the wood-plastic shell layer with the functionalized co-extruded layer through the mold.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shell extruder comprises a conveying cylinder, a lower hopper is connected to one end of the conveying cylinder, a discharge pipe is connected between the other end of the conveying cylinder and the mold, a spiral conveying shaft is arranged in the conveying cylinder, and the spiral conveying shaft is used to convey the material at the lower hopper to the discharge pipe;

[0012] A plurality of heating rings are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the conveying tube, and the heating rings are used to heat the inside of the conveying tube so as to heat-melt the raw materials inside the conveying tube.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a driving mechanism for driving the spiral feeding shaft to rotate is installed on the conveying cylinder;

[0014] The heating ring comprises an electric heater which is arranged around the feeding cylinder. A heat insulation cover is also sleeved on the feeding cylinder, and the heat insulation cover is arranged on the electric heater.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a controller and a monitoring component are also provided on the shell extruder;

[0016] The monitoring component is used to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the mold and feed back to the controller;

[0017] Wherein, the monitoring component includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor arranged in the discharge pipe, and the controller is communicatively connected with the driving mechanism, the electric heater, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a forced cooling component is also provided on the feed barrel, and the forced cooling component is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper, and the forced cooling component is used to cool the material at the feed port of the feed barrel so that the temperature of the material at the feed port of the feed barrel is maintained below the softening point or melting point to avoid the occurrence of melt film phenomenon of the material, so as to maintain the solid friction properties between the materials.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the forced cooling component includes a heat exchange coil, a refrigerator and a circulating pump. The heat exchange coil is arranged around the feed barrel and is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper. Both ends of the heat exchange coil are connected to the refrigerator through a conduit and the circulating pump, and the circulating pump drives the coolant to circulate between the heat exchange coil and the refrigerator.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a part of the spiral blade of the spiral feed shaft has a notch, the notch is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper, and the notch shrinks inward from the outer edge of the spiral blade to increase the distance between the outer edge of the spiral blade and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the shaping component comprises a transmission roller, and a transmission belt is provided on a common transmission sleeve of a plurality of the transmission rollers, and the transmission belt is used to transport the core material coated with the wood-plastic layer;

[0022] A plurality of cooling nozzles are arranged above and below the conveyor belt, and the cooling nozzles spray low-temperature medium to the core material to cool the wood-plastic layer, and a plurality of micro holes are opened on the conveyor belt.

[0023] A lightweight, high-strength, multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material, comprising: a core material, a shell layer and a decorative layer;

[0024] The core material, the shell layer and the decorative layer are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside;

[0025] Wherein, the core material is prefabricated, and the shell layer and the decorative layer are respectively formed in sequence and integrally coated on the core material by a shell layer extruder and a decorative layer extruder.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] In the present invention, the extruder can be used to heat-melt the wood-plastic material and then coat the core material, and the mold and cooling assembly can be used to extrude and shape the wood-plastic material, so that the wood-plastic material and the core material are extruded and composited, so that the core material and the wood-plastic material complement each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a lightweight, high-strength, multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material and a production device is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a shell extruder in a lightweight, high-strength, multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material and production equipment is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lightweight, high-strength, multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material and a forced cooling component in a production device is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lightweight, high-strength, multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material and a shaping component in a production device is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a lightweight and high-strength multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The numbers in the figure represent the following:

[0036] 1 core material, 2 shell layer, 3 decorative layer;

[0037] 4 shell extruder, 401 conveying cylinder, 402 spiral feeding shaft, 403 lower hopper, 404 discharge pipe, 405 heating ring, 406 driving mechanism;

[0038] 4021 spiral blade, 4022 notch;

[0039] 5 decorative layer extruder, 6 mold;

[0040] 7 shaping component, 701 transmission roller, 702 transmission belt, 703 cooling nozzle;

[0041] 8 forced cooling component, 801 heat exchange coil, 802 refrigerator, 803 circulation pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a lightweight and high-strength multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material and production equipment, including: a mold 6, an extruder and a shaping component 7;

[0044] The extruder is used to melt the wood-plastic raw material and inject it into the mold 6. The mold 6 extrude and coat the hot-melt wood-plastic fluid raw material on the core material 1. The shaping component 7 is arranged on the rear side of the mold 6. The shaping component 7 is used to cool and shape the wood-plastic coating layer on the core material 1.

[0045] When the core material 1 is coated, the core material 1 is first driven to move by an external driving device, and one end of the core material 1 passes through the mold 6. At the same time, the extruder 4 heats and melts the solid wood-plastic raw material into a fluid and injects the hot-melt wood-plastic fluid material into the mold 6, so that the fluid wood-plastic material is extruded and coated on the core material 1. Then, as the core material 1 moves, the core material 1 and the wood-plastic shell enter the shaping component 7, and the shaping component 7 cools and shapes the wood-plastic fluid material.

[0046] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the extruder includes a shell layer extruder 4 and a decorative layer extruder 5 .

[0047] The shell layer extruder 4 is used to introduce hot-melt wood-plastic material into the mold 6 so as to coat the core material 1 with a wood-plastic shell layer through the mold 6 .

[0048] The decorative layer extruder 5 is used to introduce the functionalized co-extruded material into the mold 6 so as to coat the wood-plastic shell layer with the functionalized co-extruded layer through the mold 6 .

[0049] In addition, a wood-plastic cavity and a functionalized cavity are arranged in a front-to-back order in the mold 6 , which are used to store the wood-plastic fluid material and the functionalized fluid material respectively.

[0050] Furthermore, two fluid channels are provided on the mold 6 to connect the WPC cavity, the functionalized cavity and the extruder, so that after one of the fluid channels is blocked, the extruder can still normally inject the corresponding fluid material into the WPC cavity and the functionalized cavity.

[0051] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the shell extruder 4 includes a conveying cylinder 401, a lower hopper 403 is connected to one end of the conveying cylinder 401, a discharge pipe 404 is connected between the other end of the conveying cylinder 401 and the fluid channel of the mold 6, and a spiral conveying shaft 402 is arranged in the conveying cylinder 401, and the spiral conveying shaft 402 is used to convey the material at the lower hopper 403 to the discharge pipe 404.

[0052] The lower hopper 403 is located directly above the feeding cylinder 401 , and the bottom of the lower hopper 403 is connected to the feeding cylinder 401 . The material in the lower hopper 403 continuously descends into the feeding cylinder 401 by its own gravity.

[0053] A plurality of heating rings 405 are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the conveying tube 401 , and the heating rings 405 are used to heat the inside of the conveying tube 401 so as to heat-melt the raw materials inside the conveying tube 401 .

[0054] Among them, the length of the feed barrel 401 is 19-28 times its diameter. The length of the feed barrel 401 allows the material to be fully heated and plasticized by the heating ring 405. A groove is formed on the inner wall of the feed barrel 401. The groove has an inclination along the discharge direction of the feed barrel 401 to limit the rotation of the material in the feed barrel 401 and increase the friction between the material and the inner wall of the feed barrel 401.

[0055] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, a driving mechanism 406 for driving the spiral feeding shaft 402 to rotate is installed on the conveying cylinder 401.

[0056] The heating ring 405 includes an electric heater arranged around the feeding barrel 401. The feeding barrel 401 is also covered with a heat insulation cover, and the heat insulation cover is arranged on the electric heater to prevent the heat emitted by the electric heater from escaping.

[0057] The input end of the electric heater is provided with a control module, and the output heat of the electric heater is controlled by the control module, thereby adjusting the temperature inside the conveying cylinder 401 .

[0058] In the process of extruding the fluid material into the die by the extruder, in this embodiment, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a controller and a monitoring component are also provided on the shell extruder 4 .

[0059] The monitoring component is used to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the mold 6 and feed back to the controller.

[0060] The monitoring component includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor disposed in the discharge pipe 404 , and the controller is communicatively connected with the driving mechanism 406 , the electric heater, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

[0061] The temperature of the fluid material in the discharge pipe 404 is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor. When the temperature in the discharge pipe 404 is higher than or lower than a preset threshold value inside the controller, the controller reduces or increases the output power of the electric heater, thereby keeping the internal temperature of the feed barrel 401 stable.

[0062] The pressure of the fluid material in the discharge pipe 404 is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor. When the pressure in the discharge pipe 404 is higher than or lower than a preset threshold value inside the controller, the controller reduces or increases the output power of the driving mechanism 406 to change the conveying efficiency of the spiral feed shaft 402 for the fluid material.

[0063] During the process of heating the material inside the feeding barrel 401 by the heating ring 405, since the feeding barrel 401 is made of metal, during the long heating process, the overall temperature of the feeding barrel 401 rises, so that the temperature of the part of the feeding barrel 401 away from the heating ring 405 will also rise, for example, the temperature of the position of the feeding barrel 401 close to the lower hopper 403 will also rise, resulting in the melting or softening of part of the material in the feeding barrel 401 close to the lower hopper 403. When these materials are transported by the spiral feeding shaft 402, the material discharge efficiency of the lower hopper 403 will be greatly affected due to the viscosity, especially when these molten materials adhere to each other to form a huge shape, it is easy to jam the spiral feeding shaft 402, thereby damaging the spiral feeding shaft 402. To this end, we propose the following solution to solve the above problem:

[0064] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, a forced cooling component is also provided on the feed barrel 401, and the forced cooling component 8 is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper 403. The forced cooling component 8 is used to cool the material at the feed port of the feed barrel 401, so that the material temperature at the feed port of the feed barrel 401 is maintained below the softening point or melting point to avoid the material from forming a melt film, so as to maintain the solid friction properties between the materials, so that the spiral feed shaft 402 can transport the material normally, and the discharge efficiency of the lower hopper 403 is improved.

[0065] In order to enable the forced cooling assembly to cool down the specified section of the feeding cylinder 401, in this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 As shown, the forced cooling component 8 includes a heat exchange coil 801, a refrigerator 802 and a circulation pump 803. The heat exchange coil 801 is surrounded by the feed barrel 401, and the heat exchange coil 801 is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper 403. A heat insulation cover is also provided on the heat exchange coil 801 to reduce the heat exchange efficiency inside and outside the heat insulation cover. Both ends of the heat exchange coil 801 are connected to the refrigerator 802 through a conduit and a circulation pump 803. The circulating pump 803 drives the coolant to circulate between the heat exchange coil 801 and the refrigerator 802, and the refrigerator 802 continuously absorbs heat and cools the coolant.

[0066] When the material in the lower hopper 403 is conveyed by the spiral conveying shaft 402 in the conveying barrel 401, due to the uneven size of the material, some slightly larger materials are likely to remain at the bottom of the conveying barrel 401, or get stuck between the spiral conveying shaft 402 and the inner wall of the conveying barrel 401, thereby preventing the subsequent material from being conveyed. In severe cases, the material jam may even cause the spiral conveying shaft 402 to stop. To this end, we propose the following solution to solve the above problem:

[0067] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4As shown, a portion of the spiral blade 4021 of the spiral feed shaft 402 has a notch 4022, which is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper 403. The notch 4022 shrinks inward from the outer edge of the spiral blade 4021 to increase the distance between the outer edge of the spiral blade 4021 and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder 401.

[0068] When the material falls into the feeding barrel 401 from the lower hopper 403, since the spiral blade 4021 of the spiral feeding shaft 402 has a notch 4022 at the lower hopper 403, the distance between the spiral blade 4021 and the inner wall of the feeding barrel 401 is relatively large, and the material can easily pass through the notch 4022 to enter the subsequent section of the feeding barrel 401 (the subsequent section is provided with a heating ring 405 which can directly melt the material, so there is no problem of material jamming), thereby avoiding the accumulation of material at the connection between the lower hopper 403 and the feeding barrel 401, especially for some slightly larger materials, these materials can also pass through the notch 4022 and be transported to the subsequent section by the spiral feeding shaft 402, thereby reducing the risk of the spiral feeding shaft 402 being jammed.

[0069] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the shaping component 7 includes a transmission roller 701, and a transmission belt 702 is provided on a common transmission sleeve of the plurality of transmission rollers 701. The transmission belt 702 is used to transport the core material 1 coated with the wood-plastic layer.

[0070] A plurality of cooling nozzles 703 are arranged above and below the conveyor belt 702 , and the cooling nozzles 703 spray low-temperature medium to the core material 1 to cool the wood-plastic layer. A plurality of micro holes are opened on the conveyor belt 702 to improve the cooling effect of the cooling nozzles 703 located below the conveyor belt 702 on the wood-plastic layer.

[0071] A lightweight, high-strength, multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material, Figure 6 As shown, it includes: a core material 1, a shell layer 2 and a decorative layer 3.

[0072] The core material 1, the shell layer 2 and the decorative layer 3 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside.

[0073] The core material 1 is prefabricated, and the shell layer 2 and the decorative layer 3 are formed integrally and coated on the core material 1 by the shell layer extruder 4 and the decorative layer extruder 5 respectively.

[0074] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lightweight and high-strength multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment, characterized in that: include: Die (6), extruder and shaping assembly (7); The extruder is used to melt the wood-plastic raw material and then inject it into the mold (6); the mold (6) extrude and coat the hot-melt wood-plastic fluid raw material on the core material (1); the shaping component (7) is arranged on the rear side of the mold (6); the shaping component (7) is used to cool and shape the wood-plastic coating layer on the core material (1).

2. The lightweight and high-strength multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The extruder comprises a shell layer extruder (4) and a decorative layer extruder (5); The shell layer extruder (4) is used to introduce hot-melt wood-plastic material into the mold (6) so as to coat the core material (1) with a wood-plastic shell layer through the mold (6); The decorative layer extruder (5) is used to introduce the functionalized co-extruded material into the mold (6) so as to coat the wood-plastic shell layer with the functionalized co-extruded layer through the mold (6).

3. The light-weight, high-strength, multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The shell extruder (4) comprises a conveying cylinder (401), one end of which is connected to a lower hopper (403), a discharge pipe (404) is connected between the other end of the conveying cylinder (401) and the mold (6), a spiral feed shaft (402) is arranged in the conveying cylinder (401), and the spiral feed shaft (402) is used to transport the material at the lower hopper (403) to the discharge pipe (404); A plurality of heating rings (405) are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the conveying cylinder (401), and the heating rings (405) are used to heat the inside of the conveying cylinder (401) so as to heat-melt the raw materials inside the conveying cylinder (401).

4. The light-weight, high-strength, multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A driving mechanism (406) for driving the spiral conveying shaft (402) to rotate is installed on the conveying cylinder (401); The heating ring (405) comprises an electric heater which is arranged around the feeding cylinder (401), and a heat insulation cover is also sleeved on the feeding cylinder (401), and the heat insulation cover is arranged on the electric heater.

5. The light-weight, high-strength, multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The shell extruder (4) is also provided with a controller and a monitoring component; The monitoring component is used to monitor the internal temperature and pressure of the mold (6) and feed back to the controller; Wherein, the monitoring component includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor arranged in the discharge pipe (404), and the controller is communicatively connected with the driving mechanism (406), the electric heater, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

6. The light-weight, high-strength, multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A forced cooling component is also provided on the feeding barrel (401), and the forced cooling component (8) is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper (403). The forced cooling component (8) is used to cool the material at the feeding port of the feeding barrel (401) so that the temperature of the material at the feeding port of the feeding barrel (401) is maintained below the softening point or melting point to avoid the material from forming a melt film, thereby maintaining the solid friction properties between the materials.

7. The light-weight, high-strength, multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The forced cooling component (8) comprises a heat exchange coil (801), a refrigerator (802) and a circulation pump (803); the heat exchange coil (801) is arranged around the feed barrel (401), and the heat exchange coil (801) is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper (403); both ends of the heat exchange coil (801) are connected to the refrigerator (802) through a conduit and the circulation pump (803); and the circulation pump (803) drives the cooling liquid to circulate between the heat exchange coil (801) and the refrigerator (802).

8. The light-weight, high-strength, multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A notch (4022) is provided at a portion of the spiral blade (4021) of the spiral feed shaft (402). The notch (4022) is located at the discharge position of the lower hopper (403). The notch (4022) shrinks inward from the outer edge of the spiral blade (4021) to increase the distance between the outer edge of the spiral blade (4021) and the inner wall of the conveying cylinder (401).

9. The light-weight, high-strength, multi-component co-extrusion wood-plastic structural material production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaping component (7) comprises a transmission roller (701), a transmission belt (702) is provided on a common transmission sleeve of a plurality of the transmission rollers (701), and the transmission belt (702) is used to transport the core material (1) coated with the wood-plastic layer; A plurality of cooling nozzles (703) are arranged above and below the conveyor belt (702), and the cooling nozzles (703) spray low-temperature medium toward the core material (1) to cool the wood-plastic layer, and a plurality of micropores are opened on the conveyor belt (702).

10. A lightweight, high-strength, multi-component co-extruded wood-plastic structural material, characterized in that: include: Core material (1), shell layer (2) and decorative layer (3); The core material (1), the shell layer (2) and the decorative layer (3) are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; The core material (1) is prefabricated, and the shell layer (2) and the decorative layer (3) are formed integrally and coated on the core material (1) respectively by a shell layer extruder (4) and a decorative layer extruder (5).

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