Antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze, method for preparing ceramic products

Abstract

The present invention discloses an antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze and a method for preparing a ceramic product, belonging to the technical field of ceramics. The antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze comprises the following components: silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, sulfur trioxide, barium oxide, zinc oxide, cobalt tetroxide, nickel oxide, chromium sesquioxide and lithium oxide. The prepared antibacterial and antiviral ceramic product has excellent antibacterial and antiviral properties and excellent glaze strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and specifically relates to an antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze and a method for preparing ceramic products. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, news about influenza, epidemic viruses, etc. are often seen. Therefore, the issue of hygiene has been a concern. How to avoid and reduce the infection of these colds and viruses is an increasingly important issue for people.

[0003] Ceramic products are essential in daily life, whether for daily necessities or handicrafts. Especially for ceramic products in daily necessities that come into contact with food, such as tableware and tea sets. Therefore, how to improve the antibacterial and antiviral properties of these ceramic products is a top priority for ceramic enterprises in developing new product technologies.

[0004] The Chinese patent application document with the application number 202310405530.3 discloses an antibacterial and antiviral low-temperature glaze and its preparation method, as well as an antibacterial and antiviral ceramic utensil and its preparation method. It achieves its performance by using an antibacterial and antiviral material composed of carbon nitride, graphene, and titanium dioxide. After applying a high-temperature glaze on the inner surface of the ceramic blank and sintering at 1000 - 1300°C for 5 - 8 hours, and then cooling, and applying the antibacterial and antiviral low-temperature glaze on the outer surface of the ceramic, it needs to be sintered at a low temperature of 600 - 780°C for 5 - 8 hours. Such long-time sintering at high temperature, cooling, and then low temperature has a long production time and a cumbersome process, and cannot meet the actual needs of ceramic enterprises.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop an antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze and a method for preparing ceramic products with controllable operation processes and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze and a method for preparing ceramic products with controllable operation processes and quality.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] Antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze, comprising the following components by mass parts: 59.95 - 62.36 parts of silicon oxide, 16.95 - 18.26 parts of aluminum oxide, 2.64 - 3.89 parts of iron oxide, 3.35 - 4.02 parts of magnesium oxide, 1.74 - 1.90 parts of potassium oxide, 0.71 - 0.93 parts of sodium oxide, 0.03 - 0.04 parts of titanium oxide, 0.04 - 0.05 parts of manganese oxide, 0.02 - 0.03 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 0 - 0.01 parts of sulfur trioxide, 0.05 - 0.07 parts of barium oxide, 0.03 - 0.04 parts of zinc oxide, 0.96 - 1.03 parts of cobalt tetroxide, 0.94 - 1.12 parts of nickel oxide, 4.50 - 4.80 parts of chromium sesquioxide, 16.38 - 20.48 parts of lithium oxide.

[0009] A method for preparing ceramic products, which is prepared by using the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1, crushing:

[0011] Mix and crush all components according to the said mass parts to obtain crushed material;

[0012] Step 2, ball milling:

[0013] Ball mill the crushed material obtained in Step 1 to obtain ball-milled material;

[0014] Step 3, preparing glaze water:

[0015] Add water to the ball-milled material obtained in Step 2 to prepare glaze water, and the Baume degree of the glaze water is 46 - 48;

[0016] Step 4, glazing:

[0017] Apply the glaze water described in Step 3 to the ceramic blank, and obtain the ceramic product to be fired after drying;

[0018] Step 5, firing:

[0019] Fire the ceramic product to be fired obtained in Step 4, and the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic product is obtained after cooling.

[0020] Furthermore, the ceramic blank comprises the following components by mass parts: 66 - 73 parts of kaolin, 30 - 35 parts of quartz, 10 - 13 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 - 13 parts of sodium feldspar, 18 - 20 parts of spodumene, 12 - 13 parts of bentonite.

[0021] Furthermore, during the ball milling in Step 2, ball milling is carried out according to the ratio of crushed material : balls = 1 : 1 by mass, the ball milling time is 12 - 16 h, and the ball milling rotation speed is 500 - 600 r / min.

[0022] Further, the temperature of the drying in Step 4 is 60 - 70°C, and the time of the drying is 12 - 24 h.

[0023] Further, the firing curve of the firing in Step 5 is as follows:

[0024] The first stage: uniformly heat up from room temperature to 300°C at a constant speed, taking 1.3 - 1.5 h;

[0025] The second stage: uniformly heat up from 300°C to 700°C at a constant speed, taking 1.8 - 2 h;

[0026] The third stage: uniformly heat up from 700°C to 1000°C at a constant speed, taking 1.8 - 2 h;

[0027] The fourth stage: uniformly heat up from 1000°C to 1270°C at a constant speed, taking 1.8 - 2 h, and then keep the temperature constant for 20 - 40 min.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] First, since bacteria have cell nuclei and most viruses have proteins, and a very important characteristic of proteins is that there is a layer of sulfurized protein membrane on the outside. Instead of using the widely used but radiation - emitting negative - ion ceramic powder in traditional antibacterial materials, the activity of metallic lithium is utilized to react with the protein membrane to achieve the purpose of antiviral.

[0030] Second, at the same time, through the multi - stage firing method, the generation of glaze pinholes is reduced, and the glaze strength is effectively improved. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] All raw materials used in the present invention are commercially available products. Example 1

[0032] The antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze includes the following components by mass fraction: 59.95 parts of silicon oxide, 16.95 parts of aluminum oxide, 2.64 parts of iron oxide, 3.35 parts of magnesium oxide, 1.74 parts of potassium oxide, 0.71 part of sodium oxide, 0.03 part of titanium oxide, 0.04 part of manganese oxide, 0.02 part of diphosphorus pentoxide, 0.01 part of sulfur trioxide, 0.05 part of barium oxide, 0.03 part of zinc oxide, 0.96 part of cobalt tetroxide, 0.94 part of nickel oxide, 4.50 parts of chromium sesquioxide, and 16.38 parts of lithium oxide.

[0033] The method for preparing ceramic products using the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1. Crushing:

[0035] Mix and crush all components according to the said mass fraction to obtain crushed materials;

[0036] Step 2: Ball milling:

[0037] Perform ball milling on the crushed material obtained in Step 1. During ball milling, ball milling is carried out according to the ratio of crushed material:balls = 1:1 by mass. The time for ball milling is 12 h, and the rotation speed of ball milling is 500 r / min to obtain ball-milled material.

[0038] Step 3: Prepare glaze water:

[0039] Add water to the ball-milled material obtained in Step 2 to prepare glaze water, and the Baume degree of the glaze water is 46.

[0040] Step 4: Glaze application:

[0041] Apply the glaze water described in Step 3 to the ceramic green body, and after drying at a temperature of 60 °C for 12 h, a ceramic product to be fired is obtained.

[0042] Step 5: Firing:

[0043] Fire the ceramic product to be fired obtained in Step 4, and after cooling, an antibacterial and antiviral ceramic product is obtained. The specific firing curve is as follows:

[0044] The first stage: Gradually heat up from room temperature to 300 °C at a constant speed, taking 1.5 h.

[0045] The second stage: Gradually heat up from 300 °C to 700 °C at a constant speed, taking 2 h.

[0046] The third stage: Gradually heat up from 700 °C to 1000 °C at a constant speed, taking 2 h.

[0047] The fourth stage: Gradually heat up from 1000 °C to 1270 °C at a constant speed, taking 2 h, and then keep it at a constant temperature for 20 min.

[0048] Among them, the ceramic green body in Step 4 includes the following components by mass fraction: 66 parts of kaolin, 30 parts of quartz, 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of sodium feldspar, 18 parts of spodumene, and 12 parts of bentonite.

[0049] The preparation method of the ceramic green body is the prior art in the technical field, and it also adopts processes such as crushing, ball milling, clay refining, aging, and forming to make the required shape of the ceramic green body according to the actual production situation. Example 2

[0050] Antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze, comprising the following components by mass parts: 62.36 parts of silicon oxide, 18.26 parts of aluminum oxide, 3.89 parts of iron oxide, 4.02 parts of magnesium oxide, 1.90 parts of potassium oxide, 0.93 parts of sodium oxide, 0.04 parts of titanium oxide, 0.05 parts of manganese oxide, 0.03 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 0.07 parts of barium oxide, 0.04 parts of zinc oxide, 1.03 parts of cobalt tetroxide, 1.12 parts of nickel oxide, 4.80 parts of chromium sesquioxide, 20.48 parts of lithium oxide.

[0051] A method for preparing ceramic products using the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step 1, Crushing:

[0053] Mix and crush all components according to the said mass parts to obtain crushed material;

[0054] Step 2, Ball milling:

[0055] Perform ball milling on the crushed material obtained in Step 1. During ball milling, ball mill according to the ratio of crushed material:balls = 1:1 by mass. The time of ball milling is 16h, and the rotation speed of ball milling is 600r / min to obtain ball milled material;

[0056] Step 3, Preparing glaze water:

[0057] Add water to the ball milled material obtained in Step 2 to prepare glaze water, and the Baume degree of the glaze water is 48;

[0058] Step 4, Glazing:

[0059] Apply the glaze water described in Step 3 to the ceramic blank, and after drying, the drying temperature is 70°C, and the drying time is 24h to obtain the ceramic product to be fired;

[0060] Step 5, Firing:

[0061] Fire the ceramic product to be fired obtained in Step 4, and after cooling, the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic product is obtained. The specific firing curve is as follows:

[0062] The first stage: Gradually heat up from room temperature to 300°C at a constant speed, taking 1.3h;

[0063] The second stage: Gradually heat up from 300°C to 700°C at a constant speed, taking 1.8h;

[0064] The third stage: Gradually heat up from 700°C to 1000°C at a constant speed, taking 1.8h;

[0065] The fourth stage: Gradually heat up from 1000°C to 1270°C at a constant speed, taking 1.8h, and then keep it at a constant temperature for 20min.

[0066] Among them, the ceramic green body in step four includes the following components by mass parts: 73 parts of kaolin, 35 parts of quartz, 13 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of spodumene, and 13 parts of bentonite.

[0067] The preparation method of the ceramic green body is the prior art in the technical field, and it also adopts processes such as crushing, ball milling, clay kneading, aging, and forming, and according to the actual production situation, the required shape of the ceramic green body is made. Example 3

[0068] The antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze includes the following components by mass parts: 61.25 parts of silicon oxide, 17.24 parts of aluminum oxide, 3.17 parts of iron oxide, 3.84 parts of magnesium oxide, 1.82 parts of potassium oxide, 0.89 part of sodium oxide, 0.04 part of titanium oxide, 0.05 part of manganese oxide, 0.03 part of phosphorus pentoxide, 0.01 part of sulfur trioxide, 0.06 part of barium oxide, 0.03 part of zinc oxide, 0.98 part of cobalt tetroxide, 0.99 part of nickel oxide, 4.67 parts of chromium sesquioxide, and 18.36 parts of lithium oxide.

[0069] The method for preparing ceramic products using the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1, Crushing:

[0071] Mix and crush all components according to the said mass parts to obtain crushed materials;

[0072] Step 2, Ball milling:

[0073] Perform ball milling on the crushed materials obtained in step 1. When ball milling, ball milling is carried out according to the ratio of crushed materials: balls = 1:1 by mass. The time of the ball milling is 14 h, and the rotation speed of the ball milling is 550 r / min to obtain ball-milled materials;

[0074] Step 3, Preparing glaze water:

[0075] Add water to the ball-milled materials obtained in step 2 to prepare glaze water, and the Baume degree of the glaze water is 47;

[0076] Step 4, Glazing:

[0077] Apply the glaze water in step 3 to the ceramic green body, and after drying, the drying temperature is 65 °C, and the drying time is 16 h to obtain the ceramic products to be fired;

[0078] Step 5, Firing:

[0079] Fire the ceramic products to be fired obtained in step 4, and after cooling, the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic products are obtained. The specific firing curve is as follows:

[0080] The first stage: Heat up uniformly from room temperature to 300°C at a constant speed, taking 1.4 h;

[0081] The second stage: Heat up uniformly from 300°C to 700°C at a constant speed, taking 1.9 h;

[0082] The third stage: Heat up uniformly from 700°C to 1000°C at a constant speed, taking 1.9 h;

[0083] The fourth stage: Heat up uniformly from 1000°C to 1270°C at a constant speed, taking 1.9 h, and then keep the temperature constant for 30 min.

[0084] Among them, the ceramic green body in step four includes the following components by mass fraction: 68 parts of kaolin, 32 parts of quartz, 11 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 19 parts of spodumene, and 12 parts of bentonite.

[0085] The preparation method of the ceramic green body is the prior art in this technical field. Similarly, it adopts processes such as crushing, ball milling, kneading, aging, and forming to make the required shape of the ceramic green body according to the actual production situation.

[0086] Control example

[0087] The antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze includes the following components by mass fraction: 61.25 parts of silicon oxide, 17.24 parts of aluminum oxide, 3.17 parts of iron oxide, 3.84 parts of magnesium oxide, 1.82 parts of potassium oxide, 0.89 part of sodium oxide, 0.04 part of titanium oxide, 0.05 part of manganese oxide, 0.03 part of phosphorus pentoxide, 0.01 part of sulfur trioxide, 0.06 part of barium oxide, 0.03 part of zinc oxide, 0.98 part of cobalt tetroxide, 0.99 part of nickel oxide, 4.67 parts of chromium sesquioxide, and 11.07 parts of lithium oxide.

[0088] The method for preparing ceramic products using the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze includes the following steps:

[0089] Step 1. Crushing:

[0090] Mix and crush all components according to the said mass fraction to obtain crushed material;

[0091] Step 2. Ball milling:

[0092] Perform ball milling on the crushed material obtained in step 1. When ball milling, ball mill according to the mass ratio of crushed material: balls = 1:1. The ball milling time is 14 h, and the rotation speed of the ball milling is 550 r / min to obtain ball milled material;

[0093] Step 3. Prepare glaze water:

[0094] Add water to the ball milled material obtained in step 2 to prepare glaze water, and the Baume degree of the glaze water is 47;

[0095] Step 4: Glazing:

[0096] Apply the glaze water described in Step 3 to the ceramic blank, and after drying, the drying temperature is 65°C and the drying time is 16 h to obtain the ceramic product to be fired;

[0097] Step 5: Firing:

[0098] Fire the ceramic product to be fired obtained in Step 4, heat it up uniformly from room temperature to 1270°C, keep it at a constant temperature for 30 minutes, and then cool it to obtain the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic product.

[0099] Among them, the ceramic blank in Step 4 includes the following components by mass fraction: 68 parts of kaolin, 32 parts of quartz, 11 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 19 parts of spodumene, and 12 parts of bentonite.

[0100] The preparation method of the ceramic blank is the prior art in the technical field of the present invention. It also adopts processes such as crushing, ball milling, clay kneading, aging, and forming, and makes the required shape of the ceramic blank according to the actual production situation.

[0101] Detect the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic products prepared in the above 3 examples and the control example. Detect them according to ISO21702:2019, and the results are as follows:

[0102] Among them: in the tests of the antibacterial rate of Escherichia coli and the antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus, Examples 1 to 3 all reached more than 99.99%, the antiviral activity values all reached 2.0, and the antiviral activity rates all reached 99.1%. The result data detected in the control example are worse than those in Examples 1 to 3, and the data are not listed here. It can be seen that the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic products prepared in Examples 1 to 3 have more excellent antibacterial and antiviral properties.

[0103] At the same time, conduct physical property tests on Examples 1 to 3 and the control example, as follows:

[0104] It can be seen that the method of segmented firing in Examples 1 to 3 is better than the one-stage firing method in the control example, and the physical properties of the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic products prepared are more excellent.

[0105] The above is the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and retouches can be made, and these improvements and retouches are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by mass: 59.95-62.36 parts of silicon oxide, 16.95-18.26 parts of aluminum oxide, 2.64-3.89 parts of iron oxide, 3.35-4.02 parts of magnesium oxide, 1.74-1.90 parts of potassium oxide, 0.71-0.93 parts of sodium oxide, 0.03-0.04 parts of titanium oxide, 0.04-0.05 parts of manganese oxide, 0.02-0.03 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 0-0.01 parts of sulfur trioxide, 0.05-0.07 parts of barium oxide, 0.03-0.04 parts of zinc oxide, 0.96-1.03 parts of cobalt tetroxide, 0.94-1.12 parts of nickel oxide, 4.50-4.80 parts of chromium trioxide, and 16.38-20.48 parts of lithium oxide; The method for preparing ceramic products using the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze comprises the following steps: Step 1: Crushing: According to the mass fraction of each component of the antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze, all components are mixed and crushed to obtain a crushed material; Step 2: Ball milling: Ball-milling the crushed material obtained in step 1 to obtain ball-milled material; Step 3: Prepare glaze: Add water to the ball mill obtained in step 2 to prepare glaze water, wherein the Baume degree of the glaze water is 46-48; Step 4: Glazing: Applying the glaze water in step 3 to the ceramic body, and drying it to obtain a ceramic product to be fired; Step 5: Firing: The ceramic product to be fired obtained in step 4 is fired, and after cooling, an antibacterial and antiviral ceramic product is obtained; The firing curve of the firing is: The first stage: the room temperature is uniformly heated to 300°C, which takes 1.3~1.5h; The second stage: uniformly increase the temperature from 300℃ to 700℃, which takes 1.8~2h; The third stage: uniformly heating from 700℃ to 1000℃, taking 1.8~2h; The fourth stage: uniformly increase the temperature from 1000℃ to 1270℃, which takes 1.8~2h, and then keep the temperature constant for 20~40min.

2. The antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic body comprises the following components by weight: 66-73 parts of kaolin, 30-35 parts of quartz, 10-13 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-13 parts of sodium feldspar, 18-20 parts of spodumene and 12-13 parts of bentonite.

3. The antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the ball milling in step 2, the ball milling is performed according to a mass ratio of crushed material: ball = 1:1, the ball milling time is 12 to 16 hours, and the speed of the ball mill is 500 to 600 r / min.

4. The antibacterial and antiviral ceramic glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying temperature in step 4 is 60-70° C., and the drying time is 12-24 hours.

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