Strip mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a strip mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device and method.The device comprises a fixing base, a supporting rod, a supporting assembly and a conical rod, the supporting assembly comprises a push ring, a push rod, a sliding rod and a supporting plate, the supporting plate is an arc-shaped plate, and connecting plates are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the supporting plate in a sliding mode; a connecting block is rotatably arranged at the output end of the connecting plate, a monitoring rod with the size capable of being adjusted at will can be formed through the multiple supporting plates which are arranged in a sliding mode, the connecting plates which are arranged on the supporting plates in a sliding mode and the connecting blocks which are rotatably arranged on the connecting plates, and then the monitoring rod can be attached to the monitoring hole in the monitoring process; according to the slope deformation monitoring device, no gap exists between the monitoring hole and the monitoring rod, the situation of false alarm caused by falling of soil in the monitoring hole is avoided, the monitoring rod is tightly attached to the monitoring hole, slope deformation force can be directly transmitted to the monitoring rod, and the monitoring result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope deformation monitoring, and in particular to an open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device and method. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mining refers to a mining method that removes the loose soil and surrounding rock covering the upper part of the ore body and its surroundings, transports the waste rock to the spoil dump, and directly mines the ore from the exposed ore body. Monitoring the slope of the open-pit mine during the mining process is an important part of ensuring the safety of open-pit mining. It aims to timely grasp the stability of the slope, predict the stability of the slope, and provide data support for taking necessary measures.

[0003] At present, the simplest monitoring method for slope deformation is the fixed-point measurement method, that is, drilling monitoring holes on the slope, placing monitoring equipment in the monitoring holes for fixed-point monitoring to grasp the deformation of the slope. In actual monitoring, the diameter of the monitoring hole is generally larger than the diameter of the monitoring tube, which makes a gap between the monitoring rod and the monitoring hole. Generally, soil is used to fill the gap, but the soil in this filling method is generally loose, which makes the data monitored by the monitoring rod inconsistent with the actual situation, resulting in inaccurate monitoring results. In addition, the loose soil is easy to fall and hit the monitoring rod during long-term monitoring, which causes the monitoring equipment to false alarm.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device, comprising a fixed seat, a support rod, a support assembly and a tapered rod, wherein the fixed seat is fixedly provided with a support rod, the support rod is slidably provided with a support assembly, the support rod is also slidably provided with a tapered rod, and the fixed seat is fixedly provided with a plurality of fixing pins;

[0006] The support assembly includes a push ring, a push rod, a sliding rod and a support plate, wherein the push ring is slidably arranged on the support rod, a plurality of vertical grooves are circumferentially opened on the push ring, a plurality of push rods are evenly hinged on the vertical grooves, the output ends of the plurality of push rods are hinged to the sliding rod, the sliding rod is slidably connected to the support plate, a plurality of deflection grooves are circumferentially opened on the support rod, a plurality of deflection guide rings are rotatably arranged in the deflection grooves, and the push rod is slidably connected to the deflection guide rings.

[0007] Further, as a preference, the support plate is an arc-shaped plate, connecting plates are symmetrically slidably arranged on both sides of the support plate, a connecting block is rotatably arranged at the output end of the connecting plate, a driving rod is slidably arranged in the support plate, and a plurality of T-shaped arc-shaped guide rods are fixedly arranged on the driving rod;

[0008] A plurality of T-shaped arcuate oblique grooves are provided in the connecting plate, and the arcuate guide rods slide along the arcuate oblique grooves and push the connecting plate to slide along the supporting plate.

[0009] Further, as a preference, the connecting block is semi-cylindrical, and the arcuate surface of the connecting block faces the connecting plate, a plurality of arcuate deflection grooves are opened on the connecting block, a plurality of arcuate deflection plates are fixedly arranged on the connecting plate, the deflection plate is rotatably connected to the deflection groove, and a limiting plate is fixedly arranged in the deflection plate, and the two sides of the limiting plate are connected to the deflection groove through springs.

[0010] Further, preferably, a T-shaped limiting ring is fixedly provided on the top of the support plate, a plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves are opened on the fixing seat, the limiting ring slides along the T-shaped sliding grooves, and the driving rod slides through the limiting ring.

[0011] Further, as a preference, a slip ring is fixedly provided on the fixed seat, a lower pressure plate is slidably provided in the slip ring, a first torsion plate is also slidably provided in the slip ring, the first torsion plate is rotatably connected with the lower pressure plate, a plurality of pressure sensors 1 are embedded in the bottom of the first torsion plate, a plurality of T-shaped grooves 2 are circumferentially provided on the lower pressure plate, a T-shaped block is fixedly provided on the top of the driving rod, and the T-shaped block slides along the T-shaped groove 2;

[0012] A first thread groove is provided in the slip ring, and a screw matching with the first thread groove is provided on the first torsion plate.

[0013] Further, as a preference, a lower pressure ring is slidably provided in the support rod, the lower pressure ring is fixedly connected to the push ring, and a plurality of pressure sensors 2 are embedded in the lower pressure ring;

[0014] The support rod is provided with a second torsion plate for upper limit rotation, and a threaded ring with a second thread groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the second torsion plate. The lower pressure ring is provided with a screw that cooperates with the second thread groove. The rotation of the second torsion plate can push the lower pressure ring to slide and drive the push ring to slide.

[0015] Further, as a preference, a third torsion plate is provided in the support rod for limiting rotation, a threaded ring 2 with a third thread groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the third torsion plate, a screw cooperating with the third thread groove is provided at the top of the conical rod, and the rotation of the third torsion plate can push the conical rod to slide.

[0016] Further, as a preference, a controller and an alarm are provided on the fixing seat, and the controller is capable of receiving pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 1 and the pressure sensor 2 and controlling the alarm to sound an alarm according to the transmitted pressure data.

[0017] A method for monitoring and early warning of slope deformation in an open-pit mine comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, inserting the support rod into the monitoring hole, twisting the second torsion plate at the same time, so that the push ring slides downward and drives the plurality of push rods to slide downward and rotate, so that the plurality of support plates are opened and closely attached to the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and the support rod is located at the center of the monitoring hole;

[0019] S2, twisting the first torsion plate so that the first torsion plate slides downward along the slip ring and pushes the lower pressure plate to slide downward, so that the driving rod slides downward and pushes the connecting plate to slide, so that the two connecting plates between two adjacent support plates are attached together;

[0020] S3. When the two connecting plates are fitted together, the two connecting blocks on the two connecting plates will fit together first, and under the action of thrust, the two connecting blocks will deflect, so that the two connecting blocks are completely fitted together, thereby making the support plate, the connecting plate and the connecting blocks form an annular supporting whole;

[0021] S4, twisting the third torsion plate so that the tapered rod slides downward and is inserted into the bottom of the monitoring hole, and the fixing base is fixed on the slope using the fixing pin so that the support rod is completely fixed;

[0022] S5. When the slope is deformed, the support plate or the connecting plate will be squeezed, so that the support plate and the connecting plate will be subjected to a retraction force, and further the push ring and the lower pressure plate will have an upward push force, and the magnitude of the push force is monitored by the pressure sensor 1 and the pressure sensor 2 and the pressure data is transmitted to the controller;

[0023] S6. The controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm according to the transmitted pressure data. When the pressure data is monitored to exceed the pressure safety threshold, the alarm sounds an alarm. When the pressure data is monitored to not exceed the pressure safety threshold, the alarm does not sound an alarm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device and method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] In the present invention, a monitoring rod with arbitrarily adjustable size is formed by utilizing a plurality of sliding support plates, a connecting plate slidably arranged on the support plates, and a connecting block rotatably arranged on the connecting plates, so that the monitoring rod can be fitted on the monitoring hole during monitoring, so that there is no gap between the monitoring hole and the monitoring rod, thereby avoiding false alarms due to soil falling in the monitoring hole, and the monitoring rod is close to the monitoring hole, so that the deformation force of the slope can be directly transmitted to the monitoring rod. When the slope is deformed, it will push the monitoring rod to contract, that is, push the support plate and the connecting plate to contract, further making the push ring and the lower pressure plate have an upward pushing force, and then only the size of this pushing force needs to be monitored to realize the deformation monitoring of the slope, making the monitoring work more convenient and quick, and the monitoring result more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support rod in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support assembly in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part A;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support plate and the connecting plate in the present invention;

[0032] In the figure: 1, fixed seat; 11, T-type slide groove 1; 12, lower pressure plate; 121, T-type slide groove 2; 13, first torsion plate; 2, support rod; 21, deflection groove; 22, deflection guide ring; 23, lower pressure ring; 24, second torsion plate; 25, threaded ring 1; 26, third torsion plate; 3, support assembly; 31, push ring; 311, vertical groove; 32, push rod; 33, sliding rod; 34, support plate; 341, drive rod; 342, arc guide rod; 343, limit ring; 344, T-block; 35, connecting plate; 351, arc inclined groove; 352, deflection plate; 353, limit plate; 36, connecting block; 361, deflection groove; 4, tapered rod; 5, fixing pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6In an embodiment of the present invention, an open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device comprises a fixed seat 1, a support rod 2, a support assembly 3 and a tapered rod 4, wherein the fixed seat 1 is fixedly provided with the support rod 2, the support assembly 3 is slidably provided on the support rod 2, the tapered rod 4 is also slidably provided in the support rod 2, and a plurality of fixing pins 5 are fixedly provided on the fixed seat 1;

[0034] The support assembly 3 includes a push ring 31, a push rod 32, a sliding rod 33 and a support plate 34, wherein the push ring 31 is slidably arranged on the support rod 2, a plurality of vertical grooves 311 are circumferentially opened on the push ring 31, a plurality of push rods 32 are evenly hinged on the vertical grooves 311, the output ends of the plurality of push rods 32 are hinged to the sliding rod 33, the sliding rod 33 is slidably connected to the support plate 34, a plurality of deflection grooves 21 are circumferentially opened on the support rod 2, a plurality of deflection guide rings 22 are rotatably arranged in the deflection grooves 21, and the push rods 32 are slidably connected to the deflection guide rings 22;

[0035] The support plate 34 is an arc-shaped plate, and connecting plates 35 are symmetrically slidably arranged on both sides of the support plate 34, and a connecting block 36 is rotatably arranged at the output end of the connecting plate 35. A driving rod 341 is slidably arranged in the support plate 34, and a plurality of T-shaped arc-shaped guide rods 342 are fixedly arranged on the driving rod 341;

[0036] The connecting plate 35 is provided with a plurality of T-shaped arcuate oblique grooves 351, and the arcuate guide rods 342 slide along the arcuate oblique grooves 351 and push the connecting plate 35 to slide along the supporting plate 34;

[0037] The fixed seat 1 is fixedly provided with a slip ring, a lower pressure plate 12 is slidably provided in the slip ring, a first torsion plate 13 is also slidably provided in the slip ring, the first torsion plate 13 is rotatably connected with the lower pressure plate 12, and a plurality of pressure sensors 1 are embedded in the bottom of the first torsion plate 13, a plurality of T-shaped grooves 2 121 are circumferentially provided on the lower pressure plate 12, a T-shaped block 344 is fixedly provided on the top of the driving rod 341, and the T-shaped block 344 slides along the T-shaped grooves 2 121;

[0038] A first thread groove is provided in the slip ring, and a screw matching with the first thread groove is provided on the first torsion plate 13;

[0039] A lower pressure ring 23 is slidably disposed in the support rod 2, the lower pressure ring 23 is fixedly connected to the push ring 31, and a plurality of pressure sensors 2 are embedded in the lower pressure ring 23;

[0040] The support rod 2 is provided with a second torsion plate 24 for upper limit rotation, and a threaded ring 25 with a second thread groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the second torsion plate 24. The lower pressure ring 23 is provided with a screw that cooperates with the second thread groove. The rotation of the second torsion plate 24 can push the lower pressure ring 23 to slide and drive the push ring 31 to slide.

[0041] During implementation, the support rod 2 is inserted into the monitoring hole, and then the second torsion plate 24 is twisted to make the push ring 31 slide downward, pushing the push rod 32 to slide synchronously and deflect under the action of the deflection guide ring 22, thereby making the other side of the push rod 32 extend, and the sliding rod 33 and the support plate 34 are pushed out, so that the support plate 34 fits on the monitoring hole, and the second torsion plate 24 and the lower pressure ring 23 are connected by a thread, so that the sliding height of the lower pressure ring 23 can be adjusted arbitrarily, and can be fixed after adjustment, so that the support plate 34 can be supported to any range, thereby ensuring that the support plate 34 can fit on the monitoring hole, and the position of the support rod 2 can be adjusted during the supporting process, so that the support rod 2 is located at the center of the monitoring hole, and then the first torsion plate 13 is twisted so that the lower pressure plate 12 pushes the driving rod 341 to slide downward, thereby pushing the connecting plate 35 The support plates 34 are formed so that the connecting plates 35 between two adjacent support plates 34 are fitted together, thereby allowing the multiple support plates 34 and the connecting plates 35 to form a support entity without gaps, thereby avoiding false alarms or inaccurate monitoring due to gaps between the monitoring holes and the monitoring rods. When the slope is deformed, the support plates 34 and the connecting plates 35 will be squeezed, thereby causing the support entity to shrink, that is, the push ring 31 and the lower pressure plate 12 will have an upward push force, and then the pressure sensor 1 is used to monitor the force applied by the lower pressure plate 12 to the first torsion plate 13, that is, the force applied to the connecting plate 35 by the slope deformation, and the pressure sensor 2 is used to monitor the force applied by the push ring 31 to the lower pressure ring 23, that is, the force applied to the support plate 34 by the slope deformation, thereby realizing deformation monitoring of the slope, and the monitoring result is more accurate.

[0042] In this embodiment, Figure 6 The connecting block 36 is semi-cylindrical, and the arc surface of the connecting block 36 faces the connecting plate 35. A plurality of arc-shaped deflection grooves 361 are provided on the connecting block 36. A plurality of arc-shaped deflection plates 352 are fixedly provided on the connecting plate 35. The deflection plates 352 are rotatably connected to the deflection grooves 361, and a limiting plate 353 is fixedly provided in the deflection plate 352. Both sides of the limiting plate 353 are connected to the deflection grooves 361 through springs.

[0043] In particular, when the connecting plate 35 slides along the supporting plate 34, the connecting surfaces of the two connecting plates 35 on the two adjacent supporting plates 34 cannot be guaranteed to be always aligned, so the semi-cylindrical connecting block 36 is rotated so that when the two connecting plates 35 are fitted together, the two connecting blocks 36 will contact each other and deflect under the action of thrust, so that the planes of the two connecting blocks 36 will be completely fitted together, so that the two connecting plates 35 can fit tightly, and further multiple support plates 34, connecting plates 35 and connecting blocks 36 can form a supporting whole. During implementation, this supporting whole can be regarded as a monitoring rod with arbitrarily adjustable size, so that during the monitoring process, there will be no gap between the monitoring hole and the monitoring rod, further improving the accuracy of monitoring and avoiding the occurrence of false alarms.

[0044] In this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 6 A T-shaped limiting ring 343 is fixedly provided on the top of the support plate 34 , and a plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves 11 are opened on the fixing seat 1 , the limiting ring 343 slides along the T-shaped sliding grooves 11 , and the driving rod 341 slides through the limiting ring 343 .

[0045] In particular, by pushing the support plate 34 to slide through the push rod 32, the sliding radius of the support plate 34 can be larger, so that the support plate 34 can be supported on monitoring holes of different apertures, thereby improving its convenience. In addition, through the design of the limit ring 343, the support plate 34 always moves in the horizontal direction when it is expanded and contracted, that is, when the push ring 31 slides downward, the push rod 32 slides along the deflection guide ring 22 synchronously, and the deflection guide ring 22 will drive the push rod 32 to deflect, thereby pushing the sliding rod 33 outward. During this process, the push rod One end of 32 moves downward and the other end will be raised, so a sliding rod 33 is slidably set on the support plate 34. The sliding of the sliding rod 33 ensures that the support plate 34 will not move in the vertical direction during the pushing process, that is, it maintains horizontal movement, and then the support body composed of multiple support plates 34 and connecting plates 35 can be regarded as a retractable monitoring rod, and then it can be completely fitted on the inner wall of the monitoring hole during the detection process, that is, there will be no gap between the monitoring rod and the monitoring hole, so that the monitoring result is more accurate and avoids false alarms.

[0046] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2A third torsion plate 26 is provided in the support rod 2 for limited rotation, a threaded ring 2 with a third thread groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the third torsion plate 26, a screw matching the third thread groove is provided at the top of the conical rod 4, and the rotation of the third torsion plate 26 can push the conical rod 4 to slide.

[0047] In particular, the second torsion plate 24 and the third torsion plate 26 are both limitedly rotated and set on the support rod 2. When the second torsion plate 24 rotates, the position of the second torsion plate 24 relative to the support rod 2 will not change, that is, it will not slide up and down with the rotation. In this process, the second torsion plate 24 can be regarded as a nut, and the lower pressure ring 23 can be regarded as a screw. When the position of the nut is limited, rotating the nut can push the screw to slide along the nut. Similarly, the third torsion plate 26 will not slide up and down during rotation. Therefore, there is no need for external power drive, and only the second torsion plate 24 on the fixed seat 1 needs to be twisted to achieve the opening and contraction of the support plate 34. The support range of the support plate 34 can be adjusted arbitrarily by means of a threaded knob, thereby increasing its convenience and scope of application.

[0048] In this embodiment, a controller and an alarm are provided on the fixing seat 1. The controller can receive the pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 1 and the pressure sensor 2 and control the alarm to sound an alarm according to the transmitted pressure data.

[0049] A method for monitoring and early warning of slope deformation in an open-pit mine comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1, insert the support rod 2 into the monitoring hole, and twist the second torsion plate 24 at the same time, so that the push ring 31 slides downward and drives the plurality of push rods 32 to slide downward and rotate, so that the plurality of support plates 34 are opened and closely attached to the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and the support rod 2 is located at the center of the monitoring hole;

[0051] S2, twisting the first torsion plate 13, so that the first torsion plate 13 slides downward along the slip ring and pushes the lower pressure plate 12 to slide downward, so that the driving rod 341 slides downward and pushes the connecting plate 35 to slide, so that the two connecting plates 35 between two adjacent supporting plates 34 are attached together;

[0052] S3. When the two connecting plates 35 are attached to each other, the two connecting blocks 36 on the two connecting plates 35 will be attached first, and under the action of the thrust, the two connecting blocks 36 will deflect, so that the two connecting blocks 36 are completely attached together, thereby making the support plate 34, the connecting plate 35 and the connecting blocks 36 form an annular supporting whole;

[0053] That is to say, the two planes of the two semi-cylindrical connecting blocks 36 will fit together, so that the two adjacent connecting plates 35 can fit together to form a whole, and further the multiple support plates 34 and the connecting plates 35 form a supporting whole, that is, when a certain connecting plate 35 or a supporting plate 34 is subjected to an extrusion force, this force will be transmitted to the entire supporting whole, further making the supporting whole have a contraction force, and further making the supporting plate 34 and the connecting plate 35 have a retraction force, and further making the push ring 32 and the lower pressure plate 12 have an upward push force, and then only the size of this push force needs to be monitored to realize the deformation monitoring of the slope;

[0054] S4, twisting the third torsion plate 26, so that the tapered rod 4 slides downward and is inserted into the bottom of the monitoring hole, and the fixing base 1 is fixed on the slope by the fixing pin 5, so that the support rod 2 is completely fixed;

[0055] S5. When the slope is deformed, the support plate 34 or the connecting plate 35 will be squeezed, so that the support plate 34 and the connecting plate 35 will be subjected to a retraction force, further causing the push ring 31 and the lower pressure plate 12 to have an upward push force, and the magnitude of the push force is monitored by the pressure sensor 1 and the pressure sensor 2 and the pressure data is transmitted to the controller;

[0056] S6. The controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm according to the transmitted pressure data. When the pressure data is monitored to exceed the pressure safety threshold, the alarm sounds an alarm. When the pressure data is monitored to not exceed the pressure safety threshold, the alarm does not sound an alarm.

[0057] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing seat (1), a support rod (2), a support assembly (3) and a tapered rod (4), wherein the fixing seat (1) is fixedly provided with the support rod (2), the support assembly (3) is slidably provided on the support rod (2), the tapered rod (4) is also slidably provided in the support rod (2), and a plurality of fixing pins (5) are fixedly provided on the fixing seat (1); The support assembly (3) comprises a push ring (31), a push rod (32), a sliding rod (33) and a support plate (34), wherein the push ring (31) is slidably arranged on the support rod (2), a plurality of vertical grooves (311) are circumferentially provided on the push ring (31), a plurality of push rods (32) are evenly hinged vertically on the vertical grooves (311), the output ends of the plurality of push rods (32) are hinged to the sliding rod (33), the sliding rod (33) is slidably connected to the support plate (34), a plurality of deflection grooves (21) are circumferentially provided on the support rod (2), a plurality of deflection guide rings (22) are rotatably arranged in the deflection grooves (21), and the push rods (32) are slidably connected to the deflection guide rings (22).

2. The open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The support plate (34) is an arc-shaped plate, connecting plates (35) are symmetrically slidably arranged on both sides of the support plate (34), a connecting block (36) is rotatably arranged at the output end of the connecting plate (35), a driving rod (341) is slidably arranged in the support plate (34), and a plurality of T-shaped arc-shaped guide rods (342) are fixedly arranged on the driving rod (341); A plurality of T-shaped arcuate oblique grooves (351) are provided in the connecting plate (35), and the arcuate guide rods (342) slide along the arcuate oblique grooves (351) and push the connecting plate (35) to slide along the supporting plate (34).

3. The open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The connecting block (36) is semi-cylindrical, and the arcuate surface of the connecting block (36) faces the connecting plate (35); a plurality of arcuate deflection grooves (361) are provided on the connecting block (36); a plurality of arcuate deflection plates (352) are fixedly arranged on the connecting plate (35); the deflection plates (352) are rotatably connected to the deflection grooves (361); a limiting plate (353) is fixedly arranged in the deflection plate (352); and two sides of the limiting plate (353) are connected to the deflection grooves (361) via springs.

4. The open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 3 is characterized by: A T-shaped limiting ring (343) is fixedly provided on the top of the support plate (34), a plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves (11) are provided on the fixing seat (1), the limiting ring (343) slides along the T-shaped sliding grooves (11), and the driving rod (341) slides through the limiting ring (343).

5. The open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2 is characterized by: A slip ring is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat (1), a lower pressure plate (12) is slidably arranged in the slip ring, a first torsion plate (13) is also slidably arranged in the slip ring, the first torsion plate (13) is rotatably connected to the lower pressure plate (12), and a plurality of pressure sensors (1) are embedded in the bottom of the first torsion plate (13), a plurality of T-shaped grooves (121) are circumferentially opened on the lower pressure plate (12), a T-shaped block (344) is fixedly arranged on the top of the driving rod (341), and the T-shaped block (344) slides along the T-shaped groove (121); A first thread groove is provided in the slip ring, and a screw matching the first thread groove is provided on the first torsion plate (13).

6. The open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 5 is characterized by: A lower pressure ring (23) is slidably disposed in the support rod (2), the lower pressure ring (23) is fixedly connected to the push ring (31), and a plurality of pressure sensors 2 are embedded in the lower pressure ring (23); The support rod (2) is provided with a second torsion plate (24) for rotation at the upper limit position, a threaded ring (25) with a second threaded groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the second torsion plate (24), a screw cooperating with the second threaded groove is provided on the lower pressure ring (23), and the rotation of the second torsion plate (24) can push the lower pressure ring (23) to slide and drive the push ring (31) to slide.

7. The open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized by: A third torsion plate (26) is provided in the support rod (2) for limited rotation, a threaded ring 2 with a third thread groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the third torsion plate (26), a screw cooperating with the third thread groove is provided at the top of the tapered rod (4), and the rotation of the third torsion plate (26) can push the tapered rod (4) to slide.

8. The open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing seat (1) is provided with a controller and an alarm, and the controller is capable of receiving pressure data transmitted by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor and controlling the alarm to sound an alarm according to the transmitted pressure data.

9. A method for monitoring and early warning of slope deformation in an open-pit mine, which adopts the device for monitoring and early warning of slope deformation in an open-pit mine as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Insert the support rod (2) into the monitoring hole, and twist the second twist plate (24) at the same time, so that the push ring (31) slides downward and drives the plurality of push rods (32) to slide downward and rotate, so that the plurality of support plates (34) are opened and closely attached to the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and the support rod (2) is located at the center of the monitoring hole; S2, twisting the first torsion plate (13) so that the first torsion plate (13) slides downward along the slip ring and pushes the lower pressure plate (12) to slide downward, so that the driving rod (341) slides downward and pushes the connecting plate (35) to slide, so that the two connecting plates (35) between two adjacent support plates (34) are attached together; S3. When the two connecting plates (35) are in contact with each other, the two connecting blocks (36) on the two connecting plates (35) will be preferentially in contact with each other, and under the action of the thrust, the two connecting blocks (36) will be deflected, so that the two connecting blocks (36) are completely in contact with each other, thereby making the support plate (34), the connecting plate (35) and the connecting blocks (36) form an annular supporting whole; S4, twisting the third torsion plate (26) so that the tapered rod (4) slides downward and is inserted into the bottom of the monitoring hole, and using the fixing pin (5) to fix the fixing seat (1) on the slope so that the support rod (2) is completely fixed; S5. When the slope is deformed, the support plate (34) or the connecting plate (35) is squeezed, so that the support plate (34) and the connecting plate (35) are subjected to a retraction force, which further causes the push ring (31) and the lower pressure plate (12) to have an upward push force, and the magnitude of the push force is monitored by the pressure sensor 1 and the pressure sensor 2 and the pressure data is transmitted to the controller; S6. The controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm according to the transmitted pressure data. When the pressure data is monitored to exceed the pressure safety threshold, the alarm sounds an alarm. When the pressure data is monitored to not exceed the pressure safety threshold, the alarm does not sound an alarm.

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