Head-up display and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a head-up display and a vehicle. The head-up display comprises a display screen used for emitting light with image information; the adjusting device is located on the light emitting side of the display screen, receives the polarized light and modulates the polarization direction of the polarized light; the adjusting device comprises adjusting modules arranged in an array mode in the first direction of the display screen, each adjusting module comprises a fixed polarization assembly and a movable polarization assembly which are arranged in a stacked mode, and the movable polarization assemblies can move relative to the fixed polarization assemblies in the second direction of the display screen. Light rays emitted by at least one part of pixel units of the display screen are modulated to have different polarization directions; and the reflecting assembly is used for receiving and reflecting the polarized light emitted by the adjusting device so as to form images with different virtual image distances. The head-up display provided by the embodiment of the invention can project images with different virtual image distances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of display technology, and more specifically, to a head-up display and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Head Up Display (HUD), also known as Head-Up Display, is abbreviated as HUD. The function of the head-up display is to project important driving information such as speed and navigation onto the imaging board or windshield in front of the driver through the principle of optical mirror reflection, so that the driver can see important driving information such as speed and navigation without lowering or turning his head, which can effectively improve driving safety.

[0003] Traditional HUD systems can usually only generate virtual images at a fixed distance and are unable to adjust the virtual image distance according to the driver's line of sight or driving conditions.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a head-up display and a new vehicle technology solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a head-up display. The head-up display includes:

[0007] A display screen, the display screen is used to emit light with image information;

[0008] An adjustment device, located at the light-emitting side of the display screen, receives polarized light and modulates the polarization direction of the polarized light;

[0009] The regulating device comprises regulating modules arranged in an array along a first direction of the display screen, each regulating module comprises a stacked fixed polarization component and a movable polarization component, the movable polarization component is movable relative to the fixed polarization component along a second direction of the display screen, and by adjusting the movement amount of the movable polarization component, the light emitted by at least a part of the pixel units of the display screen is modulated to have different polarization directions;

[0010] The reflection component is used to receive and reflect the polarized light emitted by the adjustment device to form images with different virtual image distances.

[0011] Optionally, the fixed polarization component and the movable polarization component both include phase retarders arranged at intervals along the second direction;

[0012] The phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjusting device is adjusted by adjusting the movement amount of the mobile polarization component, thereby modulating the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen to form images with different virtual image distances.

[0013] Optionally, the light emitted by the display screen passes through M phase delay plates, and the adjustment device emits a first polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance;

[0014] The light emitted by the display screen passes through M+1 phase delay plates, and the adjustment device emits a second polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance;

[0015] The polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, and M is a positive integer ≥1.

[0016] Optionally, the width dimension of the phase retarder in the second direction is consistent with the spacing dimension between two adjacent phase retarder films.

[0017] Optionally, each of the adjustment modules corresponds to a pixel module of the display screen, and the pixel module includes a plurality of pixel units arranged along the second direction;

[0018] The width of the phase delay plate in the second direction is consistent with the width of an even number of pixel units in the pixel module.

[0019] Optionally, each phase delay plate in the mobile polarization component is opposite to each phase delay plate in the fixed polarization component, the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device on the light is an integer multiple of λ, the adjustment device emits a first polarized light, and the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance.

[0020] Optionally, the movement amount of the mobile polarization component is an integer multiple of the width of the phase delay plate, the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device on the light is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the adjustment device emits a second polarized light to form a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance.

[0021] Optionally, the movement amount of the mobile polarization component is the width of an odd number of pixel units in the second direction, and the adjustment device simultaneously emits a first polarized light and a second polarized light to form a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

[0022] Optionally, the phase retarder in the fixed polarization component and the phase retarder in the movable polarization component are both half-wave plates.

[0023] Optionally, the adjusting device is located at the light emitting side of the display screen and is separately provided from the display screen; or the adjusting device and the display screen are an integral structural component.

[0024] Optionally, the mobile polarization component and the fixed polarization component further include a substrate, and the phase delay plate is arranged on the substrate.

[0025] Optionally, a light shielding component is provided at the junction of the spacing area formed by the phase retarder and the substrate.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises a head-up display as described in the first aspect.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present application, the head-up display includes an adjustment device, each adjustment module of the adjustment device includes a movable mobile polarization component and a fixedly set fixed polarization component. Since the mobile polarization component is movable relative to the fixed polarization component, the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen can be flexibly adjusted. In addition, by precisely controlling the movement amount of the mobile polarization component, fine regulation of the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen is achieved. By using the fixed polarization component and the mobile polarization component in combination, the head-up display can project images with different virtual image distances.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the present specification will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present specification with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the specification.

[0030] Figure 1 Shown is a structural diagram of a head-up display provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 The state of the regulating device provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown as follows Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 3 The state of the regulating device provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown as follows Figure 2 .

[0033] Figure 4 The state of the regulating device provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown as follows Figure 3 .

[0034] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the corresponding positions of the display screen and the adjustment device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the polarization direction of the light emitted by the polarization device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Image generating device; 10. Display screen; 101. Pixel unit;

[0038] 2. Adjustment device; 20. Adjustment module; 21. Fixed polarization component; 22. Mobile polarization component; 23. Phase delay plate; 24. Spacer area; 25. Substrate;

[0039] 3. Reflection assembly; 31. First reflector; 32. Second reflector; 33. Third reflector; 34. Imaging screen; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0041] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present application, its application, or uses.

[0042] Techniques and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0043] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0044] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0045] The present application embodiment provides a head-up display. Figure 1 The head-up display generates image information through the image generating device 1, controls the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 in the image generating device 1 through the adjusting device 2, and projects the image to the front of the driver's line of sight through the reflecting component 3 to form images with different virtual image distances. For example, the head-up display can form images with different virtual image distances in time, or the head-up display can form images with different virtual image distances at the same time. For example, the image generating device 1 also includes a lighting system, etc., which is related to the type of the image generating device 1.

[0046] For example, by adjusting the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 by the adjusting device 2, the reflecting component 3 can only receive and reflect the first polarized light with the first polarization direction, or the reflecting component 3 can only receive and reflect the second polarized light with the second polarization direction, or the reflecting component 3 can simultaneously receive and reflect the first polarized light with the first polarization direction and the second polarized light with the second polarization direction.

[0047] For example, the first polarized light may be S light, and the second polarized light may be P light, or vice versa. The types of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are mainly related to the modulation mode of the light by the adjustment device 2.

[0048] Exemplarily, when the reflective component 3 only receives and reflects the first polarized light with the first polarization direction, the head-up display projects a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance.

[0049] Exemplarily, when the reflective component 3 only receives and reflects the second polarized light with the second polarization direction, the head-up display projects a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance.

[0050] Exemplarily, when the reflective component 3 simultaneously receives and reflects a first polarized light having a first polarization direction and a second polarized light having a second polarization direction, the head-up display projects a first virtual image having a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image having a second virtual image distance, so that the head-up display can simultaneously project a long-distance virtual image and a short-distance virtual image.

[0051] The first virtual image with the first virtual image distance may be a long-distance virtual image compared to the second virtual image, or the first virtual image with the first virtual image distance may be a short-distance virtual image compared to the second virtual image, which is related to the reflection conditions of the reflection component 3 for the first polarized light and the second polarized light.

[0052] For example, refer to Figure 1 The reflection assembly 3 includes a first reflector 31, a second reflector 32, a third reflector 33 and an imaging screen 34 (front windshield).

[0053] The first polarized light is reflected by the first reflector 31 and the third reflector 33 in sequence and projected onto the imaging screen 34, forming a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance on the imaging screen 34 side (the side away from the human eye), and the first virtual image is a close-distance virtual image. Figure 1 , the imaging position of the first virtual image is at position A.

[0054] The second polarized light is transmitted through the first reflector 31 to the second reflector 32, and then sequentially reflected by the second reflector 32 and the third reflector 33 to be projected to the imaging screen 34, forming a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance on the imaging screen 34 side (the side away from the human eye), and the second virtual image is a long-distance virtual image. Figure 1 , the imaging position of the second virtual image is at position B.

[0055] That is, when the first reflector 31 in the reflective assembly 3 reflects the first polarized light and transmits the second polarized light, the first virtual image is a near-distance virtual image, and the second virtual image is a far-distance virtual image. On the contrary, when the first reflector 31 in the reflective assembly 3 reflects the second polarized light and transmits the first polarized light, the first virtual image is a far-distance virtual image, and the second virtual image is a near-distance virtual image.

[0056] Exemplarily, a polarization splitting element may be disposed on the surface of the first reflector 31 .

[0057] Exemplarily, the first reflector 31 and the second reflector 32 may be two independent components, or the first reflector 31 and the second reflector 32 may be an integrated structure, and the integrated structure may be a prism.

[0058] Exemplarily, the first reflector 31 may be a curved mirror or a plane mirror, the second reflector 32 may be a curved mirror or a plane mirror, and the third reflector 33 may be a curved mirror or a plane mirror.

[0059] The following is an explanation of the other structural components of the head-up display:

[0060] Reference Figure 1 The head-up display includes an image generating device 1, the main function of which is to convert electronic signals into visual images, which are then projected onto an imaging screen 34, so that the driver can see the image information while looking straight ahead.

[0061] The image generating device 1 mainly includes a display screen 10. The display screen 10 is used to emit light with image information. As the output end of the image information, the display screen 10 is also responsible for emitting the image information in the form of light. These lights carry the image information and are finally projected in front of the driver's line of sight after a series of optical processing (such as magnification, refraction, etc.).

[0062] Exemplarily, the type of the display screen 10 may be, but is not limited to, LCD, LED, DLP, and LCOS.

[0063] Exemplarily, the light emitted from the display screen 10 may be polarized light (circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light) or non-polarized light.

[0064] In addition, the head-up display further includes an adjustment device 2. The adjustment device 2 is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen 10 to receive polarized light and modulate the polarization direction of the polarized light. The adjustment device 2 includes adjustment modules 20 arranged in an array along a first direction of the display screen 10, each adjustment module 20 includes a stacked fixed polarization component 21 and a mobile polarization component 22, the mobile polarization component 22 is movable relative to the fixed polarization component 21 along a second direction of the display screen 10, and by adjusting the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22, the light emitted from at least a portion of the pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 is modulated to have different polarization directions.

[0065] It should be noted that the first direction of the display screen 10 and the second direction of the display screen 10 are different directions of the display screen, that is, the second direction and the first direction are two different directions.

[0066] Exemplarily, the array arrangement direction of the adjustment modules 20 in the adjustment device 2 and the moving direction of the mobile polarization component 22 may be perpendicular or non-perpendicular.

[0067] When the array arrangement direction of the adjustment module 20 and the moving direction of the mobile polarization component 22 in the adjustment device 2 are not set vertically, the adjustment module 20 is tilted relative to the array arrangement of the pixel units of the display screen 10, and the adjustment module 20 is obliquely arranged relative to the moving direction of the mobile polarization component 22.

[0068] In the first example, by adjusting the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22, the adjustment device 2 can modulate the polarized light to emit only polarized light with one polarization direction, for example, the adjustment device 2 only emits the first polarized light with the first polarization direction.

[0069] In the second example, by adjusting the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22, the adjustment device 2 can modulate the polarized light to emit only polarized light with one polarization direction, for example, the adjustment device 2 only emits the second polarized light with the second polarization direction. In this case, relative to the first example, the light emitted by all the pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 is modulated to a polarization direction completely different from the polarization direction of the light in the first example.

[0070] In the third example, by adjusting the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22, the adjustment device 2 modulates the polarized light to emit two polarized light with different polarization directions, for example, the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light with a first polarization direction and a second polarized light with a second polarization direction. In this case, relative to the first example, the light emitted by a portion of the pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 is modulated into a polarization direction completely different from the polarization direction of the light in the first example.

[0071] Since the reflective component 3 behind the adjusting device 2 processes the linearly polarized light to form a virtual image, the type of light emitted by the adjusting device 2 needs to be linearly polarized light. Since the light emitted by the adjusting device 2 is linearly polarized light, it is required that the light to be received by the adjusting device 2 is polarized light, for example, the light to be received by the adjusting device 2 can be circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light.

[0072] In the case where the light emitted by the display screen 10 is polarized light, the light emitted by the display screen 10 is directly received by the adjustment device 2 and the polarization direction of the light is modulated. In the case where the light emitted by the display screen 10 is non-polarized light, an additional modulation element may be provided between the display screen 10 and the adjustment device 2 to modulate the non-polarized light into polarized light. Exemplarily, the modulation element may be a polarizer, etc.

[0073] Specifically, the adjustment device 2 includes a plurality of adjustment modules 20 arranged in an array. For example, the adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the row direction of the display screen 10, or the adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the column direction of the display screen 10, or the adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the oblique direction of the display screen 10.

[0074] Reference Figure 5 The display screen 10 includes a plurality of pixel units 101, which are arranged in a matrix form and together constitute the entire display screen of the display screen 10. When the adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the row direction (horizontal direction, i.e., the first direction) of the display screen 10, each adjustment module 20 is arranged in a vertical direction, and the adjustment module 20 corresponds to the pixel units 101 arranged in the column direction of the display screen 10. Alternatively, when the adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the column direction (vertical direction, i.e., the second direction) of the display screen 10, each adjustment module 20 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the adjustment module 20 corresponds to the pixel units 101 arranged in the row direction of the display screen 10.

[0075] For example, refer to Figure 5 The adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the row direction of the display screen 10. Each adjustment module 20 is used to modulate the polarization direction of the light emitted by all the pixel units 101 in each column.

[0076] More specifically, refer to Figure 2-Figure 4, the adjustment module 20 includes a fixed polarization component 21 and a mobile polarization component 22 that are stacked, and the stacking direction of the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 is consistent with the outgoing light of the display screen 10. When the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 (it can pass through the fixed polarization component 21 first and then the mobile polarization component 22, or it can pass through the mobile polarization component 22 first and then the fixed polarization component 21), the polarization direction of the light will be modulated. In other words, the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 can each modulate the polarization direction of the light separately. The present application combines the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 together, and adjusts the polarization direction of the outgoing light of the pixel unit 101 in the display screen 10 by moving the mobile polarization component 22.

[0077] Exemplarily, the adjustment module 20 may include at least one fixed polarization component 21 , for example, the adjustment module 20 includes one or two or more fixed polarization components 21 .

[0078] Exemplarily, the adjustment module 20 may include at least one mobile polarization component 22 , for example, the adjustment module 20 includes one or two or more mobile polarization components 22 .

[0079] The fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 can both modulate the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 .

[0080] The fixed polarization component 21 is fixedly arranged relative to the display screen 10. When the light emitted from the display screen 10 first passes through the fixed polarization component 21, the modulation direction of the light emitted from each pixel unit 101 in the display screen 10 by the fixed polarization component 21 is fixed and unchanged.

[0081] The mobile polarization component 22 is movable relative to the fixed polarization component 21 in the direction in which it is set, so that the light emitted from the same pixel unit 101 emitted from different positions of the mobile polarization component 22 can be modulated into polarized light with different polarization directions. In other words, when the mobile polarization component 22 moves by different amounts, the light emitted from the same pixel unit 101 of the display screen 10 can be modulated to form polarized light with different polarization directions.

[0082] Exemplarily, for the light emitted by the same pixel unit 101, when the mobile polarization component 22 moves to the first position, the light emitted by the pixel unit 101 can be modulated into a first polarized light with a first polarization direction; when the mobile polarization component 22 moves to the second position, the light emitted by the pixel unit 101 can be modulated into a second polarized light with a second polarization direction. Or when the mobile polarization component 22 moves to the third position, the light emitted by the pixel unit 101 is modulated into the first polarized light with the first polarization direction.

[0083] In this way, with the coordinated use of the fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22, the light emitted by at least a portion of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is modulated to have different polarization directions through the movement of the movable polarization component 22, and the reflection component 3 can receive and reflect different types of polarized light. The head-up display can project images with different virtual image distances, for example, it can project a long-distance virtual image, or it can project a short-distance virtual image, or it can project a long-distance virtual image and a short-distance virtual image at the same time.

[0084] Therefore, in this embodiment, the head-up display includes an adjustment device 2, and each adjustment module 20 of the adjustment device 2 includes a movable mobile polarization component 22 and a fixedly set fixed polarization component 21. Since the mobile polarization component 22 is movable relative to the fixed polarization component 21, the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 can be flexibly adjusted. In addition, by accurately controlling the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22, the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 can be finely controlled. By using the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 in combination, the head-up display can project images with different virtual image distances.

[0085] Illustratively, the movement of the mobile polarization component 22 may be controlled by a stepping motor or the like.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 2-Figure 4 The fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 both include phase delay plates 23 spaced apart along the second direction; the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2 is adjusted by adjusting the movement amount of the movable polarization component 22, thereby modulating the polarization direction of the outgoing light to form images with different virtual image distances.

[0087] In this embodiment, both the fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 use phase delay plates 23 arranged at intervals along the second direction (the setting direction of the adjustment module 20). The phase delay amount of the light modulated by the adjustment device 2 is adjusted by adjusting the movement amount of the movable polarization component 22, wherein the phase delay amount is related to the number of phase delay plates 23 and the type of phase delay plates 23. When the types of phase delay plates 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 are consistent, the polarization direction of the light is adjusted mainly by adjusting the number of phase delay amounts through which the light passes.

[0088] Phase retarder 23, also called wave plate. Phase retarder 23 can change the phase difference of light, so as to achieve the regulation of the polarization state of light. In this embodiment, phase retarder 23 is used in fixed polarization component 21 and mobile polarization component 22 to achieve precise control of the polarization direction of light emitted from display screen 10.

[0089] It should be noted that the wave plate can specifically be made of crystal material, polymer material, metasurface structure, grating structure, etc., to change the phase difference of light.

[0090] Specifically, the fixed polarization component 21 may include a group of phase retarders 23 arranged at intervals along the second direction. The polarization directions and phase retardation amounts of these phase retarders 23 are fixed. That is, when the light emitted from the display screen 10 first passes through the fixed polarization component 21, the polarization direction of the light modulated by the light emitted from the same pixel unit 101 is fixed at any time.

[0091] Exemplarily, two adjacent phase retarders 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 correspond to two pixel units 101 arranged at intervals, wherein the polarization directions of the light emitted from the two pixel units 101 after being modulated are consistent. The polarization direction of the light emitted from the pixel unit 101 located between the two pixel units 101 after being modulated may be consistent with or inconsistent with the polarization direction of the light emitted from the two pixel units 101 (the pixel units 101 corresponding to the phase retarders 23) after being modulated, which mainly depends on the type of the limiting retarder.

[0092] The mobile polarization component 22 may include a group of phase delay plates 23 arranged at intervals along the second direction. Since the mobile polarization component 22 is movable, the polarization direction of the light emitted from the same pixel unit 101 may be the same or different before and after the mobile polarization component 22 moves, which mainly depends on the type of the phase delay plate 23 and the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22.

[0093] During the movement of the mobile polarization component 22, the phase delay plate 23 on the mobile polarization component 22 will be combined differently with the phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21. Based on different combinations, the light emitted from the display screen 10 will pass through different numbers of phase delay plates 23 to modulate the polarization direction of the light differently.

[0094] Exemplarily, the adjustment module 20 includes a fixed polarization component 21 and a movable polarization component 22. The fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 each include a phase delay plate 23 disposed at an interval.

[0095] When the mobile polarization component 22 is not moved (initial state), the light emitted from the display screen 10 can pass through the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 in sequence to achieve modulation of the polarization direction of the light.

[0096] And the light emitted from the display screen 10 can pass through the spacing area 24 in the fixed polarization component 21 (the area between the two phase delay plates 23) and the spacing area 24 in the movable polarization component 22 in sequence, so that the polarization direction of the polarized light received by the adjustment device 2 is not modulated.

[0097] When the mobile polarization component 22 does not move (initial state), the polarization direction of the modulated light and the polarization direction of the unmodulated light can be consistent or perpendicular to each other. This is related to the type of phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22. The type of phase delay plate 23 determines the phase delay amount of the light modulation.

[0098] When the polarization direction of the modulated light is consistent with the polarization direction of the unmodulated light, the reflective component 3 receives and reflects the light with one polarization direction, and the head-up display projects an image with one virtual image distance (a long-distance image or a short-distance image).

[0099] When the polarization direction of the modulated light and the polarization direction of the unmodulated light are perpendicular to each other, the reflective component 3 receives and reflects light of two polarization directions, and the head-up display projects a long-distance image and a short-distance image.

[0100] When the mobile polarization component 22 moves, the polarization direction of the light modulated by the fixed polarization component 21 is modulated according to the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 and the polarization reference of the light by the fixed polarization component 21 .

[0101] Exemplarily, when the mobile polarization component 22 moves by different amounts, the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 will produce different combinations to change the phase delay amount of the light modulation.

[0102] For example, the spacer region 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacer region 24 of the movable polarization component 22 may be combined, and the phase delay amount of the light modulation is zero.

[0103] For example, it can be a combination of the spacing area 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22. The phase delay amount modulated by the light is related to the type of the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22.

[0104] For example, it can be a combination of the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacing area 24 of the movable polarization component 22 , and the phase retardation amount modulated on the light is related to the type of the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 .

[0105] For example, it can be a combination of a phase retarder 23 of a fixed polarization component 21 and a phase retarder 23 of a movable polarization component 22, and the phase retarder amount modulated on the light is related to the types of the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase retarder 23 of the movable polarization component 22.

[0106] In different combinations, the head-up display will project images with different virtual image distances.

[0107] Therefore, in this embodiment, both the fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 use phase delay plates 23 arranged at intervals along the second direction (the setting direction of the adjustment module 20). In this way, by adjusting the movement amount of the movable polarization component 22, the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2 is changed, so that the light emitted from the display screen 10 is polarized in different directions, and the head-up display can project images with different virtual image distances.

[0108] It should be noted that the polarization components provided on the fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 may be, but are not limited to, the phase delay plate 23. For example, the polarization components provided on the fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 may also be rotatable polarizers, etc. The polarization direction of the outgoing light is adjusted by combining the rotatable polarizer with the movement of the movable polarization component 22.

[0109] In a specific embodiment, the types of the phase retarder 23 are the same, and during the movement of the mobile polarization component 22 , the main change is the amount of light emitted from the display screen 10 passing through the phase retarder 23 .

[0110] For example, the light emitted by the display screen 10 passes through M phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance;

[0111] The light emitted by the display screen 10 passes through M+1 phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a second polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance;

[0112] The polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, and M is a positive integer ≥1.

[0113] When M is an even number greater than 1, the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an even number of the phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance; the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an odd number of the phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a second polarized light so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

[0114] When M is an odd number ≥ 1, the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an odd number of the phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance; the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an even number of the phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a second polarized light so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

[0115] The two situations defined above are mainly related to the type and quantity of the phase delay plates.

[0116] The following explanation assumes that M is an even number and the phase retarder is a half-wave plate:

[0117] In this embodiment, when the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an even number of phase retarders 23 (for example, 0 phase retarders 23, or 2 phase retarders 23, or more even number of phase retarders 23), the cumulative effect of these phase retarders 23 causes the light to produce a specific polarization state. Specifically, the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an even number of the phase retarders 23, the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light, and the first polarized light is reflected by the subsequent reflection component 3 to form a first virtual image on the imaging screen 34 side.

[0118] When the outgoing light of the display screen 10 passes through an odd number of phase retarders 23 (for example, one phase retarder 23, or three phase retarders 23, or more odd number of phase retarders 23), the cumulative effect of these phase retarders 23 will cause the light to produce another polarization state, that is, the second polarized light. The second polarized light is reflected by the subsequent reflection component 3 to form a second virtual image on the imaging screen 34 side.

[0119] In addition, the pixel units 101 at different positions of the display screen 10 can pass through different numbers of phase delay plates 23. For example, in two adjacent pixel units 101, the light emitted by one pixel unit 101 passes through an even number of phase delay plates 23 to emit a first polarized light, and the first polarized light is reflected by the subsequent reflection component 3 to form a first virtual image on the imaging screen 34 side; the light emitted by the other pixel unit 101 passes through an odd number of phase delay plates 23 to emit a second polarized light, and the second polarized light is reflected by the subsequent reflection component 3 to form a second virtual image on the imaging screen 34 side. In this way, the head-up display can project a long-distance virtual image and a short-distance virtual image at the same time.

[0120] In a further embodiment, referring to Figure 2-Figure 4 The width dimension of the phase delay plate 23 in the second direction is consistent with the spacing dimension between two adjacent phase delay plates 23 .

[0121] In this embodiment, in the structure of the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22, since the width of the phase delay plate 23 and the spacing between two adjacent phase delay plates 23 are consistent, the arrangement of the phase delay plates 23 presents a regular periodic arrangement. In this way, when the mobile polarization component 22 moves relative to the fixed polarization component 21, by controlling the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22, it is convenient to modulate the polarization direction of the light emitted by each pixel unit 101; and it is also convenient to adjust the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 so that the reflective component 3 can receive and reflect different types of polarized light, and the head-up display can project images with different virtual image distances.

[0122] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 5 Each of the adjustment modules 20 corresponds to a pixel module of the display screen 10, and the pixel module includes a plurality of pixel units 101 arranged along the second direction; the width of the phase delay plate 23 in the second direction is consistent with the width of an even number of pixel units 101 in the pixel module.

[0123] In this embodiment, each adjustment module 20 corresponds to a pixel module on the display screen 10 , which ensures that the adjustment module 20 can accurately control the polarization state of the light emitted by the corresponding pixel module.

[0124] Since the width of the phase retarder 23 matches the width of an even number of pixel units 101 (for example, the width of the phase retarder 23 is consistent with the width of two adjacent pixel units 101, or the width of the phase retarder is consistent with the width of four consecutively arranged pixel units 101, etc.), when the mobile polarization component 22 moves, the number of phase retarder 23 through which the light passes can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving precise control of the polarization direction of the outgoing light.

[0125] Specifically, when the width of the phase retarder 23 is consistent with the width of an even number of pixel units 101, and the spacing size between two adjacent phase retarder plates 23 is consistent with the width of the phase retarder 23, when the mobile polarization component 22 moves, the mobile polarization component 22 moves the width of an odd number of pixel units 101, the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase retarder 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 can be partially staggered, and a portion of the light emitted from the pixel units 101 corresponding to the width of the phase retarder 23 will pass through two phase retarder plates 23 and be modulated into a first polarized light with a first polarization direction, and another portion of the light emitted from the pixel units 101 will pass through a phase retarder 23 and be modulated into a second polarized light with a second polarization direction, so that the head-up display can simultaneously project a long-distance virtual image and a close-distance virtual image.

[0126] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , each phase delay plate 23 in the mobile polarization component 22 is opposite to each phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21, the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device 2 on the light is an integer multiple of λ, the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light, and the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance.

[0127] In this embodiment, the phase retarder 23 in the mobile polarization component 22 is aligned with the phase retarder 23 in the fixed polarization component 21. The light emitted by some pixel units 101 (pixel units 101 corresponding to the phase retarder 23) of the display screen 10 passes through the two phase retarder 23 in sequence, the phase delay amount of the light modulation is an integer multiple of λ, and the polarized light emitted by the part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the first polarization direction; and the light emitted by another part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 passes through the spacing area 24 in the two polarization components in sequence, the phase delay amount of the light modulation is 0, which is also an integer multiple of λ, and the polarized light emitted by the other part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is also the first polarization direction.

[0128] Therefore, in this embodiment, the polarization directions of the modulated light emitted by all pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 are consistent, and the modulated light can form a long-distance virtual image or a short-distance virtual image after being reflected by the reflection component 3 .

[0129] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The movement amount of the movable polarization component 22 is an integer multiple of the width of the phase delay plate 23, the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device 2 on the light is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the adjustment device 2 emits a second polarized light to form a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance.

[0130] In this embodiment, the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 is an integer multiple of the structural width of the phase retarder 23. That is, the width of the phase retarder 23 is consistent with the width of one pixel unit 101 in the display screen 10, and the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 can be an integer multiple of the width of one pixel unit 101. Alternatively, the width of the phase retarder 23 is consistent with the width of two pixel units 101 in the display screen 10, and the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 can be an integer multiple of the width of two pixel units 101.

[0131] This embodiment limits the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 , and the phase retarder 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 and the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 are completely offset.

[0132] In this way, the light emitted from some pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 will pass through the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacing area 24 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence, the phase delay amount of the light modulation is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the polarized light emitted from this part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the second polarization direction; and the light emitted from another part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 will pass through the spacing area 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence, the phase delay amount of the light modulation is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the polarized light emitted from this other part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the second polarization direction.

[0133] Therefore, in this embodiment, the polarization directions of the modulated light emitted by all pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 are consistent, and the modulated light can form a long-distance virtual image or a short-distance virtual image after being reflected by the reflection component 3 .

[0134] It should be noted that, when the light emitted by all pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is modulated into the first polarized light, and the modulated light is reflected by the reflective component 3 to form a near-distance virtual image, then the light emitted by all pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is modulated into the second polarized light, and the modulated light is reflected by the reflective component 3 to form a long-distance virtual image, and vice versa.

[0135] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 4, the width of the phase delay plate 23 is the width of the even number of pixel units 101, the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 is the width of the odd number of pixel units 101 in the second direction, and the adjustment device 2 simultaneously emits the first polarized light and the second polarized light to form a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

[0136] In this embodiment, the width of the phase retarder 23 and the width of the pixel unit 101 are limited, and the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 is limited, and the phase retarder 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 and the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 are partially staggered.

[0137] In this way, the light emitted from the first part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 will pass through the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacing area 24 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence, the phase delay amount of the light modulation is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the polarized light emitted from the first part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is in the second polarization direction.

[0138] The light emitted from the second part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 passes through the spacing area 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacing area 24 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence, the phase delay amount of the light modulation is an integer multiple of λ, and the polarization light emitted from the second part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the first polarization direction.

[0139] The light emitted from the third part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 will pass through the spacing area 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence. The phase delay amount of the light modulation is an odd multiple of λ / 2. The polarized light emitted from the third part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is in the second polarization direction.

[0140] The light emitted from the fourth part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 will pass through the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 in sequence. The phase delay amount of the light modulation is an integer multiple of λ. The polarized light emitted from the fourth part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is in the first polarization direction.

[0141] Therefore, in this embodiment, the polarization direction of the light emitted by a part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 after being modulated is the first polarization direction, and the modulated light can form a close-range virtual image after being reflected by the reflective component 3; the polarization direction of the light emitted by another part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 after being modulated is the second polarization direction, and the modulated light can form a long-range virtual image after being reflected by the reflective component 3, so that the head-up display can project a long-range virtual image and a close-range virtual image at the same time.

[0142] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 2-Figure 4 The phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 in the movable polarization component 22 are both half-wave plates.

[0143] In this embodiment, the types of the phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 in the movable polarization component 22 are limited. In this way, when the adjustment module 20 includes a fixed polarization component 21 and a movable polarization component 22, the fixed polarization component 21 includes a row of phase delay plates 23, and the movable polarization component 22 also includes a row of phase delay plates 23, by adjusting the movement amount of the movable polarization component 22, the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2 can be λ / 2, or the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2 can be λ, or the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2 can be λ / 2 and λ, so that the head-up display can project virtual images with different virtual image distances according to actual needs.

[0144] In one embodiment, the adjusting device 2 is located at the light emitting side of the display screen 10 and is disposed separately from the display screen 10; or the adjusting device 2 and the display screen 10 are an integrated structure.

[0145] In one example, the adjustment device 2 and the display screen 10 are two independent components, and the adjustment device 2 is located at the light emitting side of the display screen 10 .

[0146] In another example, the adjusting device 2 is integrated on the display screen 10, and the adjusting device 2 and the display screen 10 are an integral structure. For example, the fixed polarization component 21 of the adjusting device 2 is fixedly arranged with the housing of the display screen 10, and the movable polarization component 22 of the adjusting device 2 is movable relative to the housing of the display screen 10.

[0147] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2-Figure 4 The movable polarization component 22 and the fixed polarization component 21 further include a substrate 25 , and the phase delay plate 23 is disposed on the substrate 25 .

[0148] In this embodiment, the mobile polarization component 22 includes a substrate 25, and the phase retarder 23 in the mobile polarization component 22 is disposed on the substrate 25. The fixed polarization component 21 includes a substrate 25, and the phase retarder 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 is disposed on the substrate 25.

[0149] The substrate 25 allows light to pass through. For example, the material of the substrate 25 may be, but is not limited to, quartz or glass.

[0150] In one embodiment, a light shielding component is disposed at the junction of the spacing region 24 formed by the phase retarder 23 and the substrate 25 .

[0151] In this embodiment, in order to avoid crosstalk of light emitted from each pixel unit 101 of the display screen 10, a light shielding component can be provided at the boundary area between the phase delay plate 23 and the spacing area 24 (without the phase delay plate 23). Exemplarily, the light shielding component can be a black grid.

[0152] In an optional embodiment, the polarization direction of the output first polarized light and the polarization direction of the output second polarized light are limited, mainly requiring that the polarization direction of the first polarized light has a component in the column direction (i.e., the vertical direction), and the polarization direction of the second polarized light has a component in the column direction (i.e., the vertical direction), so that the virtual image projected by the head-up display also has the same polarization direction as the corresponding light.

[0153] For example, refer to Figure 6 The first polarized light is used to output the first virtual image (near-distance virtual image) for display, and the second polarized light is used to output the second virtual image (long-distance virtual image) for display. The polarization direction of the first polarized light is α=45°, and the polarization direction of the second polarized light is β=135°. Correspondingly, the polarization direction of the first virtual image is 45°, and the polarization direction of the second virtual image is 135°. The driver wears sunglasses, and the light with a polarization direction of 90° (P light) can pass through the sunglasses. Both the long-distance and short-distance virtual images have P light components, so the virtual images are visible after wearing sunglasses.

[0154] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle. The vehicle includes a head-up display as described in the first aspect. The vehicle may be an electric, hybrid, or other vehicle having a cockpit. The head-up display is installed in the cockpit.

[0155] The above embodiments focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here.

[0156] Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are only for illustration, not for limiting the scope of the present application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A head-up display, characterized in that: include: A display screen (10), the display screen (10) being used to emit light with image information; An adjustment device (2) is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen (10) to receive polarized light and modulate the polarization direction of the polarized light; The regulating device (2) comprises regulating modules (20) arranged in an array along a first direction of the display screen (10), each regulating module (20) comprising a stacked fixed polarization component (21) and a movable polarization component (22), the movable polarization component (22) being movable relative to the fixed polarization component (21) along a second direction of the display screen (10), and by adjusting the movement amount of the movable polarization component (22), light emitted from at least a portion of pixel units (101) of the display screen (10) is modulated to have different polarization directions; The reflection component (3) is used to receive and reflect the polarized light emitted by the adjustment device (2) to form images with different virtual image distances.

2. The head-up display according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed polarization component (21) and the movable polarization component (22) both include phase delay plates (23) arranged at intervals along the second direction; The phase delay amount of the light modulated by the adjusting device (2) is adjusted by adjusting the movement amount of the movable polarization component (22), thereby modulating the polarization direction of the light emitted by the display screen (10), so that the head-up display forms images with different virtual image distances.

3. The head-up display according to claim 2, characterized in that: The display screen (10) emits light that passes through M phase delay plates (23), and the adjustment device (2) emits a first polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance; The light emitted by the display screen (10) passes through M+1 phase delay plates (23), and the adjustment device (2) emits a second polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance; The polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, and M is a positive integer ≥1.

4. The head-up display according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width dimension of the phase delay plate (23) in the second direction is consistent with the spacing dimension between two adjacent phase delay plates (23).

5. The head-up display according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: Each of the adjustment modules (20) corresponds to a pixel module of the display screen (10), and the pixel module comprises a plurality of pixel units (101) arranged along the second direction; The width of the phase delay plate (23) in the second direction is consistent with the width of an even number of pixel units (101) in the pixel module.

6. The head-up display according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each phase delay plate (23) in the movable polarization component (22) is opposite to each phase delay plate (23) in the fixed polarization component (21), the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device (2) on the light is an integer multiple of λ, the adjustment device (2) emits a first polarized light, and the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance.

7. The head-up display according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movement amount of the movable polarization component (22) is an integer multiple of the width of the phase delay plate (23), the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device (2) on the light is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the adjustment device (2) emits a second polarized light to form a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance.

8. The head-up display according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movement amount of the movable polarization component (22) is the width of an odd number of pixel units in the second direction, and the adjustment device (2) simultaneously emits a first polarized light ray and a second polarized light ray to form a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, wherein the polarization direction of the first polarized light ray is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light ray.

9. The head-up display according to claim 5, characterized in that: The phase delay plate (23) in the fixed polarization component (21) and the phase delay plate (23) in the movable polarization component (22) are both half-wave plates.

10. The head-up display according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment device (2) is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen (10) and is arranged separately from the display screen (10); or the adjustment device (2) and the display screen (10) are an integrated structural component.

11. The head-up display according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mobile polarization component (22) and the fixed polarization component (21) further include a substrate (25), and the phase delay plate (23) is arranged on the substrate (25).

12. The head-up display according to claim 11, characterized in that: A light shielding component is provided at the junction of the spacing area (24) formed by the phase delay plate (23) and the substrate (25).

13. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a heads-up display as claimed in any one of claims 1-12.

Images