Head-up display and vehicle

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a head-up display and a vehicle. The head-up display includes: a display screen for emitting light carrying image information; an adjustment device located on the light-emitting side of the display screen for receiving polarized light and modulating the polarization direction of the polarized light; the adjustment device includes adjustment modules arranged in an array along a first direction of the display screen, each adjustment module including a stacked fixed polarization component and a mobile polarization component, the mobile polarization component being movable relative to the fixed polarization component along a second direction of the display screen, and by adjusting the amount of movement of the mobile polarization component, the light emitted by at least a portion of the pixel units of the display screen is modulated to have different polarization directions; a reflection component for receiving and reflecting the polarized light emitted by the adjustment device to form images with different virtual image distances. The head-up display provided by embodiments of the present application can project images with different virtual image distances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of display technology, and more specifically, to a head-up display and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A head-up display (HUD), also known as a head-up display, uses optical mirror reflection to project important driving information such as speed and navigation information onto an imaging board or windshield in front of the driver. This allows the driver to see these important information without looking down or turning their head, effectively improving driving safety.

[0003] Traditional HUD systems can usually only generate virtual images at a fixed distance and are unable to adjust the virtual image distance according to the driver's line of sight or driving conditions.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a head-up display and a new vehicle technology solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a head-up display. The head-up display includes:

[0007] A display screen, the display screen being used to emit light carrying image information;

[0008] an adjustment device, located on the light-emitting side of the display screen, for receiving polarized light and modulating the polarization direction of the polarized light;

[0009] The adjustment device includes adjustment modules arranged in an array along a first direction of the display screen, each of the adjustment modules including a stacked fixed polarization component and a movable polarization component, the movable polarization component being movable relative to the fixed polarization component along a second direction of the display screen, and light emitted from at least a portion of pixel units of the display screen being modulated to have different polarization directions by adjusting the movement of the movable polarization component;

[0010] The reflection component is used to receive and reflect the polarized light emitted by the adjustment device to form images with different virtual image distances.

[0011] Optionally, the fixed polarization component and the movable polarization component both include phase retarders arranged at intervals along the second direction;

[0012] The phase delay of the light modulation by the regulating device is adjusted by adjusting the movement amount of the mobile polarization component, thereby modulating the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen to form images with different virtual image distances.

[0013] Optionally, the light emitted by the display screen passes through M phase retarders, and the adjustment device emits a first polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance;

[0014] The light emitted by the display screen passes through M+1 phase retarders, and the adjustment device emits a second polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance;

[0015] The polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, and M is a positive integer ≥1.

[0016] Optionally, the width of the phase delay plate in the second direction is consistent with the interval between two adjacent phase delay plates.

[0017] Optionally, each of the adjustment modules corresponds to a pixel module of the display screen, and the pixel module includes a plurality of pixel units arranged along the second direction;

[0018] The width of the phase retarder in the second direction is consistent with the width of an even number of pixel units in the pixel module.

[0019] Optionally, each phase delay plate in the mobile polarization component is opposite to each phase delay plate in the fixed polarization component, the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device on the light is an integer multiple of λ, the adjustment device emits a first polarized light, and the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance.

[0020] Optionally, the movement amount of the mobile polarization component is an integer multiple of the width of the phase delay plate, the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device on the light is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the adjustment device emits a second polarized light to form a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance.

[0021] Optionally, the movement amount of the mobile polarization component is the width of an odd number of pixel units in the second direction, and the adjustment device simultaneously emits a first polarized light and a second polarized light to form a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

[0022] Optionally, the phase delay plate in the fixed polarization component and the phase delay plate in the movable polarization component are both half-wave plates.

[0023] Optionally, the adjustment device is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen and is provided separately from the display screen; or the adjustment device and the display screen are an integrated structural component.

[0024] Optionally, the movable polarization component and the fixed polarization component further include a substrate, and the phase delay plate is arranged on the substrate.

[0025] Optionally, a light-shielding component is provided at the junction of the spacing area formed by the phase retarder and the substrate.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, wherein the vehicle includes the head-up display as described in the first aspect.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present application, the head-up display includes an adjustment device, and each adjustment module of the adjustment device includes a movable mobile polarization component and a fixedly set fixed polarization component. Since the mobile polarization component is movable relative to the fixed polarization component, the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen can be flexibly adjusted. In addition, by precisely controlling the movement amount of the mobile polarization component, fine regulation of the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen can be achieved. By using the fixed polarization component and the mobile polarization component in combination, the head-up display can project images with different virtual image distances.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the present specification will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present specification with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the specification.

[0030] Figure 1 Shown is a structural diagram of a head-up display provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 The state of the regulating device provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown as follows Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 3 The state of the regulating device provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown as follows Figure 2 .

[0033] Figure 4 The state of the regulating device provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown as follows Figure 3 .

[0034] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the corresponding positions of the display screen and the adjustment device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the polarization direction of the light emitted by the polarization device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Image generating device; 10. Display screen; 101. Pixel unit;

[0038] 2. Adjustment device; 20. Adjustment module; 21. Fixed polarization component; 22. Mobile polarization component; 23. Phase retarder; 24. Spacer region; 25. Substrate;

[0039] 3. Reflection assembly; 31. First reflector; 32. Second reflector; 33. Third reflector; 34. Imaging screen; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0041] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure, its application, or uses.

[0042] Techniques and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0043] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0044] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0045] The embodiment of the present application provides a head-up display. Figure 1 The head-up display generates image information via an image generating device 1, controls the polarization direction of light emitted from a display screen 10 in the image generating device 1 via an adjustment device 2, and projects the image into the driver's field of view via a reflective component 3, forming images with different virtual image distances. For example, the head-up display can generate images with different virtual image distances in a time-sharing manner, or simultaneously. For example, the image generating device 1 also includes a lighting system, etc., which depends on the type of image generating device 1.

[0046] For example, by adjusting the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 by the adjustment device 2, the reflective component 3 can only receive and reflect the first polarized light with the first polarization direction, or the reflective component 3 can only receive and reflect the second polarized light with the second polarization direction, or the reflective component 3 can simultaneously receive and reflect the first polarized light with the first polarization direction and the second polarized light with the second polarization direction.

[0047] For example, the first polarized light may be S light, and the second polarized light may be P light, or vice versa. The types of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are mainly related to the modulation method of the adjustment device 2 on the light.

[0048] Exemplarily, when the reflective component 3 only receives and reflects the first polarized light with the first polarization direction, the head-up display projects a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance.

[0049] Exemplarily, when the reflective component 3 only receives and reflects the second polarized light with the second polarization direction, the head-up display projects a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance.

[0050] Exemplarily, when the reflective component 3 simultaneously receives and reflects a first polarized light having a first polarization direction and a second polarized light having a second polarization direction, the head-up display projects a first virtual image having a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image having a second virtual image distance, so that the head-up display can simultaneously project a long-distance virtual image and a short-distance virtual image.

[0051] The first virtual image with the first virtual image distance can be a long-distance virtual image compared to the second virtual image, or the first virtual image with the first virtual image distance can be a short-distance virtual image compared to the second virtual image, which is related to the reflection conditions of the reflection component 3 for the first polarized light and the second polarized light.

[0052] For example, referring to Figure 1 The reflecting assembly 3 includes a first reflecting mirror 31, a second reflecting mirror 32, a third reflecting mirror 33 and an imaging screen 34 (front windshield).

[0053] The first polarized light is reflected by the first reflector 31 and the third reflector 33 in sequence and projected onto the imaging screen 34, forming a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance on the side of the imaging screen 34 (away from the human eye). The first virtual image is a close-range virtual image. Figure 1 , the imaging position of the first virtual image is at position A.

[0054] The second polarized light passes through the first reflector 31 and is transmitted to the second reflector 32. Then, it is reflected by the second reflector 32 and the third reflector 33 and is projected onto the imaging screen 34. A second virtual image with a second virtual image distance is formed on the side of the imaging screen 34 (away from the human eye). The second virtual image is a long-distance virtual image. Figure 1 , the imaging position of the second virtual image is at position B.

[0055] That is, when the first reflector 31 in the reflective assembly 3 reflects the first polarized light and transmits the second polarized light, the first virtual image is a near-distance virtual image, and the second virtual image is a far-distance virtual image. Conversely, when the first reflector 31 in the reflective assembly 3 reflects the second polarized light and transmits the first polarized light, the first virtual image is a far-distance virtual image, and the second virtual image is a near-distance virtual image.

[0056] For example, a polarization splitting element may be provided on the surface of the first reflector 31 .

[0057] Exemplarily, the first reflector 31 and the second reflector 32 may be two independent components, or the first reflector 31 and the second reflector 32 may be an integrated structure, and the integrated structure may be a prism.

[0058] Exemplarily, the first reflective mirror 31 may be a curved mirror or a plane mirror, the second reflective mirror 32 may be a curved mirror or a plane mirror, and the third reflective mirror 33 may be a curved mirror or a plane mirror.

[0059] The following is an explanation of the other structural components of the head-up display:

[0060] Reference Figure 1 The head-up display includes an image generating device 1. The main function of the image generating device 1 is to convert electronic signals into visual images, which are then projected onto an imaging screen 34 so that the driver can see the image information while looking straight ahead.

[0061] Image generation device 1 primarily includes a display screen 10. Display screen 10 is used to emit light carrying image information. As the output terminal for image information, display screen 10 is also responsible for emitting image information in the form of light. These light rays, carrying image information, undergo a series of optical processes (such as magnification and refraction) before being projected directly in front of the driver's line of sight.

[0062] For example, the display screen 10 may be of, but not limited to, LCD, LED, DLP, and LCOS.

[0063] Exemplarily, the light emitted from the display screen 10 may be polarized light (circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light) or non-polarized light.

[0064] In addition, the head-up display also includes an adjustment device 2. The adjustment device 2 is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen 10, receives polarized light, and modulates the polarization direction of the polarized light. The adjustment device 2 includes adjustment modules 20 arranged in an array along a first direction of the display screen 10. Each adjustment module 20 includes a stacked fixed polarization component 21 and a movable polarization component 22. The movable polarization component 22 is movable relative to the fixed polarization component 21 along a second direction of the display screen 10. By adjusting the movement of the movable polarization component 22, the light emitted from at least a portion of the pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 is modulated to have different polarization directions.

[0065] It should be noted that the first direction of the display screen 10 and the second direction of the display screen 10 are different directions of the display screen, that is, the second direction and the first direction are two different directions.

[0066] For example, the array arrangement direction of the adjustment modules 20 in the adjustment device 2 and the moving direction of the mobile polarization component 22 may be perpendicular or non-perpendicular.

[0067] When the array arrangement direction of the adjustment module 20 in the adjustment device 2 and the moving direction of the mobile polarization component 22 are not set perpendicularly, the adjustment module 20 is arranged obliquely relative to the array arrangement of the pixel units of the display screen 10, and the adjustment module 20 is arranged obliquely relative to the moving direction of the mobile polarization component 22.

[0068] In the first example, by adjusting the movement of the mobile polarization component 22, the adjustment device 2 can modulate the polarized light to emit only polarized light with one polarization direction, for example, the adjustment device 2 only emits the first polarized light with the first polarization direction.

[0069] In the second example, by adjusting the movement of the polarization component 22, the adjustment device 2 can modulate the polarized light to emit only polarized light having a single polarization direction. For example, the adjustment device 2 can emit only second polarized light having a second polarization direction. In this case, compared to the first example, the light emitted by all pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 is modulated to a polarization direction that is completely different from the polarization direction of the light in the first example.

[0070] In a third example, by adjusting the movement of the mobile polarization component 22, the adjustment device 2 modulates the polarized light to emit two polarized light beams with different polarization directions. For example, the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light beam with a first polarization direction and a second polarized light beam with a second polarization direction. In this case, compared to the first example, the light beams emitted by a portion of the pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 are modulated to have a polarization direction that is completely different from that of the first example.

[0071] Because the reflective component 3 behind the adjustment device 2 processes linearly polarized light to form a virtual image, the light emitted by the adjustment device 2 must be linearly polarized. Since the light emitted by the adjustment device 2 is linearly polarized, the light received by the adjustment device 2 must also be polarized. For example, the light received by the adjustment device 2 can be circularly polarized or linearly polarized.

[0072] If the light emitted by the display screen 10 is polarized, the light is directly received by the adjustment device 2 and its polarization direction is modulated. If the light emitted by the display screen 10 is unpolarized, a modulation element can be additionally provided between the display screen 10 and the adjustment device 2 to modulate the unpolarized light into polarized light. For example, the modulation element can be a polarizer, etc.

[0073] Specifically, the adjustment device 2 includes a plurality of adjustment modules 20 arranged in an array. For example, the adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the rows of the display screen 10, or along the columns of the display screen 10, or along the diagonal directions of the display screen 10.

[0074] Reference Figure 5 The display screen 10 includes a plurality of pixel units 101, which are arranged in a matrix and together constitute the entire display screen of the display screen 10. When the adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the row direction (horizontal direction, i.e., the first direction) of the display screen 10, each adjustment module 20 is arranged in a vertical direction and corresponds to the pixel units 101 arranged in the column direction of the display screen 10. Alternatively, when the adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the column direction (vertical direction, i.e., the second direction) of the display screen 10, each adjustment module 20 is arranged in a horizontal direction and corresponds to the pixel units 101 arranged in the row direction of the display screen 10.

[0075] For example, referring to Figure 5 The adjustment modules 20 are arranged in an array along the row direction of the display screen 10. Each adjustment module 20 is used to modulate the polarization direction of the light emitted by all the pixel units 101 in each column.

[0076] More specifically, refer to Figure 2-Figure 4, the adjustment module 20 includes a fixed polarization component 21 and a mobile polarization component 22 that are stacked, and the stacking direction of the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 is consistent with the outgoing light of the display screen 10. When the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 (it can pass through the fixed polarization component 21 first and then the mobile polarization component 22, or it can pass through the mobile polarization component 22 first and then the fixed polarization component 21), the polarization direction of the light will be modulated. In other words, the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 can each modulate the polarization direction of the light independently. The present application combines the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 together, and adjusts the polarization direction of the light emitted from the pixel unit 101 in the display screen 10 by moving the mobile polarization component 22.

[0077] Exemplarily, the adjustment module 20 may include at least one fixed polarization component 21 , for example, the adjustment module 20 includes one or two or more fixed polarization components 21 .

[0078] Exemplarily, the adjustment module 20 may include at least one movable polarization component 22 , for example, the adjustment module 20 includes one or two or more movable polarization components 22 .

[0079] The fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 can both modulate the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 .

[0080] The fixed polarization component 21 is fixed relative to the display screen 10 . When the light emitted from the display screen 10 first passes through the fixed polarization component 21 , the modulation direction of the light emitted from each pixel unit 101 in the display screen 10 by the fixed polarization component 21 remains fixed.

[0081] The mobile polarization component 22 is movable relative to the fixed polarization component 21 in its orientation. This allows light emitted from the same pixel unit 101, emitted from different positions of the mobile polarization component 22, to be modulated into polarized light having different polarization directions. In other words, when the mobile polarization component 22 is moved by different amounts, light emitted from the same pixel unit 101 of the display screen 10 can be modulated into polarized light having different polarization directions.

[0082] For example, for light emitted from the same pixel unit 101, when the movable polarization component 22 moves to the first position, the light emitted from the pixel unit 101 can be modulated into a first polarized light having a first polarization direction; when the movable polarization component 22 moves to the second position, the light emitted from the pixel unit 101 can be modulated into a second polarized light having a second polarization direction. Alternatively, when the movable polarization component 22 moves to the third position, the light emitted from the pixel unit 101 is modulated back into the first polarized light having the first polarization direction.

[0083] In this way, with the coordinated use of the fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22, the light emitted by at least a portion of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is modulated to have different polarization directions through the movement of the movable polarization component 22. The reflective component 3 can receive and reflect different types of polarized light, and the head-up display can project images with different virtual image distances, for example, a long-distance virtual image, a close-range virtual image, or both a long-distance virtual image and a close-range virtual image.

[0084] Therefore, in this embodiment, the head-up display includes an adjustment device 2, and each adjustment module 20 of the adjustment device 2 includes a movable mobile polarization component 22 and a fixedly set fixed polarization component 21. Since the mobile polarization component 22 is movable relative to the fixed polarization component 21, the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 can be flexibly adjusted. In addition, by precisely controlling the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22, fine regulation of the polarization direction of the light emitted from the display screen 10 is achieved. By using the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 in combination, the head-up display can project images with different virtual image distances.

[0085] For example, the movement of the mobile polarization component 22 may be controlled by a stepping motor or the like.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 2-Figure 4 The fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 both include phase delay plates 23 spaced apart along the second direction; by adjusting the movement of the movable polarization component 22 to adjust the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2, the polarization direction of the outgoing light is modulated to form images with different virtual image distances.

[0087] In this embodiment, both the fixed polarization assembly 21 and the movable polarization assembly 22 employ phase retarders 23 spaced apart along the second direction (the orientation of the adjustment module 20). Adjusting the movement of the movable polarization assembly 22 adjusts the phase retardation of the light modulated by the adjustment device 2. The phase retardation is related to the number and type of phase retarders 23. If the types of phase retarders 23 in the fixed polarization assembly 21 and the movable polarization assembly 22 are identical, the polarization direction of the light is adjusted primarily by adjusting the number of phase retarders through which the light passes.

[0088] Phase retarder 23, also known as a wave plate, modulates the phase difference of light, thereby regulating the polarization state of the light. In this embodiment, phase retarder 23 is used in both the fixed polarization assembly 21 and the movable polarization assembly 22 to precisely control the polarization direction of light emitted from display screen 10.

[0089] It should be noted that the wave plate can be specifically made of crystal materials, polymer materials, metasurface structures, grating structures, etc., to change the phase difference of light.

[0090] Specifically, the fixed polarization component 21 may include a set of phase retarders 23 spaced apart along the second direction. The polarization directions and phase retardation of these phase retarders 23 are fixed. That is, when light emitted from the display screen 10 first passes through the fixed polarization component 21, the polarization direction modulated by light emitted from the same pixel unit 101 remains fixed at all times.

[0091] For example, two adjacent phase retarders 23 in the fixed polarization assembly 21 correspond to two spaced-apart pixel units 101, where the polarization directions of the light emitted from these two pixel units 101 after modulation are consistent. The polarization direction of the light emitted from the pixel unit 101 located between these two pixel units 101 after modulation may be consistent with or inconsistent with the polarization direction of the light emitted from these two pixel units 101 (the pixel units 101 corresponding to the phase retarders 23), depending primarily on the type of the limiting retarder.

[0092] The mobile polarization assembly 22 may include a set of phase retarders 23 spaced apart along the second direction. Since the mobile polarization assembly 22 is movable, the polarization direction of the light emitted from the same pixel unit 101 may be the same or different before and after the mobile polarization assembly 22 moves, depending on the type of phase retarders 23 and the amount of movement of the mobile polarization assembly 22.

[0093] During the movement of the mobile polarization component 22, the phase delay plate 23 on the mobile polarization component 22 will be combined differently with the phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21. Based on different combinations, the light emitted by the display screen 10 will pass through different numbers of phase delay plates 23 to modulate the polarization direction of the light differently.

[0094] Exemplarily, the adjustment module 20 includes a fixed polarization component 21 and a movable polarization component 22. The fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22 each include a phase delay plate 23 disposed at an interval.

[0095] When the mobile polarization component 22 is not moved (initial state), the light emitted from the display screen 10 can pass through the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 in sequence to achieve modulation of the polarization direction of the light.

[0096] And the light emitted from the display screen 10 can pass through the spacing area 24 in the fixed polarization component 21 (the area between the two phase delay plates 23) and the spacing area 24 in the movable polarization component 22 in sequence, so that the polarization direction of the polarized light received by the adjustment device 2 is not modulated.

[0097] When the mobile polarization component 22 does not move (initial state), the polarization direction of the modulated light and the polarization direction of the unmodulated light can be consistent or perpendicular to each other. This is related to the type of phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22. The type of phase delay plate 23 determines the phase delay amount of the light modulation.

[0098] When the polarization direction of the modulated light is consistent with the polarization direction of the unmodulated light, the reflective component 3 receives and reflects the light with one polarization direction, and the head-up display projects an image with one virtual image distance (a long-distance image or a short-distance image).

[0099] When the polarization direction of the modulated light and the polarization direction of the unmodulated light are perpendicular to each other, the reflective component 3 receives and reflects light of two polarization directions, and the head-up display projects a long-distance image and a short-distance image.

[0100] When the mobile polarization component 22 moves, the polarization direction of the light modulated by the fixed polarization component 21 is modulated according to the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 and the polarization reference of the light by the fixed polarization component 21 .

[0101] For example, when the mobile polarization component 22 moves by different amounts, the fixed polarization component 21 and the mobile polarization component 22 may produce different combinations to change the phase delay of the light modulation.

[0102] For example, the spacer region 24 of the fixed polarization element 21 and the spacer region 24 of the movable polarization element 22 may be combined, and the phase delay amount of the light modulation is zero.

[0103] For example, it can be a combination of the spacer area 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22. The phase delay amount of the light modulation is related to the type of the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22.

[0104] For example, it can be a combination of the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacing area 24 of the movable polarization component 22 . The phase retardation amount modulated on the light is related to the type of the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 .

[0105] For example, it can be a combination of the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22, and the phase delay amount of the light modulation is related to the type of the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the mobile polarization component 22.

[0106] In different combinations, the head-up display will project images with different virtual image distances.

[0107] Therefore, in this embodiment, both the fixed polarization assembly 21 and the movable polarization assembly 22 utilize phase retarders 23 spaced apart along the second direction (the orientation of the adjustment module 20). By adjusting the movement of the movable polarization assembly 22, the phase retardation of the light modulated by the adjustment device 2 is varied. As a result, the light emitted from the display screen 10 is polarized in different directions, enabling the head-up display to project images at different virtual image distances.

[0108] It should be noted that the polarization components provided on the fixed polarization assembly 21 and the movable polarization assembly 22 may be, but are not limited to, phase retarders 23. For example, the polarization components provided on the fixed polarization assembly 21 and the movable polarization assembly 22 may also be rotatable polarizers. The rotatable polarizers, combined with the movement of the movable polarization assembly 22, adjust the polarization direction of the emitted light.

[0109] In a specific embodiment, the phase retarder 23 is of the same type, and during the movement of the mobile polarization component 22 , the main change is the amount of light emitted from the display screen 10 passing through the phase retarder 23 .

[0110] For example, the light emitted by the display screen 10 passes through M phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance;

[0111] The light emitted by the display screen 10 passes through M+1 phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a second polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance;

[0112] The polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, and M is a positive integer ≥1.

[0113] When M is an even number greater than 1, the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an even number of the phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance; the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an odd number of the phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a second polarized light so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

[0114] When M is an odd number ≥ 1, the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an odd number of the phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance; the light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an even number of the phase delay plates 23, and the adjustment device 2 emits a second polarized light so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

[0115] The two situations defined above are mainly related to the type and quantity of the phase retarders.

[0116] The following explanation assumes that M is an even number and the phase retarder is a half-wave plate:

[0117] In this embodiment, when light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an even number of phase retarders 23 (e.g., zero, two, or even more phase retarders 23), the cumulative effect of these phase retarders 23 causes the light to produce a specific polarization state. Specifically, when light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an even number of phase retarders 23, the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light beam, which is subsequently reflected by the reflective assembly 3 to form a first virtual image on the imaging screen 34.

[0118] When light emitted from the display screen 10 passes through an odd number of phase retarders 23 (e.g., one, three, or more phase retarders 23), the cumulative effect of these phase retarders 23 causes the light to produce light of another polarization state, namely, second polarized light. The second polarized light is subsequently reflected by the reflective assembly 3 and forms a second virtual image on the imaging screen 34.

[0119] Furthermore, pixel units 101 at different locations on the display screen 10 can pass through different numbers of phase retarders 23. For example, in two adjacent pixel units 101, light emitted from one pixel unit 101 passes through an even number of phase retarders 23 to emit a first polarized light beam. The first polarized light beam is subsequently reflected by the reflective assembly 3 to form a first virtual image on the imaging screen 34. Light emitted from the other pixel unit 101 passes through an odd number of phase retarders 23 to emit a second polarized light beam. The second polarized light beam is subsequently reflected by the reflective assembly 3 to form a second virtual image on the imaging screen 34. In this way, the head-up display can simultaneously project both long-distance and short-distance virtual images.

[0120] In a further embodiment, referring to Figure 2-Figure 4 The width of the phase delay plate 23 in the second direction is consistent with the spacing between two adjacent phase delay plates 23.

[0121] In this embodiment, in the structure of the fixed polarization component 21 and the movable polarization component 22, because the width of the phase retarders 23 and the spacing between adjacent phase retarders 23 are consistent, the phase retarders 23 are arranged in a regular, periodic pattern. This allows the polarization direction of light emitted from each pixel unit 101 to be modulated by controlling the amount of movement of the movable polarization component 22 when the movable polarization component 22 moves relative to the fixed polarization component 21. Furthermore, by adjusting the amount of movement of the movable polarization component 22, the reflective component 3 can receive and reflect light of different polarization types, allowing the head-up display to project images with different virtual image distances.

[0122] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 5 Each of the adjustment modules 20 corresponds to a pixel module of the display screen 10, and the pixel module includes a plurality of pixel units 101 arranged along the second direction; the width of the phase delay plate 23 in the second direction is consistent with the width of an even number of pixel units 101 in the pixel module.

[0123] In this embodiment, each adjustment module 20 corresponds to a pixel module on the display screen 10 , which ensures that the adjustment module 20 can accurately control the polarization state of the light emitted from the corresponding pixel module.

[0124] Since the width of the phase delay plate 23 matches the width of an even number of pixel units 101 (for example, the width of the phase delay plate 23 is consistent with the width of two adjacent pixel units 101, or the width of the phase delay plate is consistent with the width of four consecutively arranged pixel units 101, etc.), when the mobile polarization component 22 moves, the number of phase delay plates 23 that the light passes through can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving precise control of the polarization direction of the outgoing light.

[0125] Specifically, when the width of the phase retarder 23 is consistent with the width of an even number of pixel units 101, and the spacing size between two adjacent phase retarder plates 23 is consistent with the width of the phase retarder 23, when the mobile polarization component 22 moves, the mobile polarization component 22 moves the width of an odd number of pixel units 101, the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase retarder 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 can be partially staggered, and a part of the pixel units 101 corresponding to the width of the phase retarder 23 will pass through two phase retarder plates 23 and be modulated into a first polarized light with a first polarization direction, and another part of the light emitted by the pixel units 101 will pass through one phase retarder 23 and be modulated into a second polarized light with a second polarization direction, so that the head-up display can simultaneously project a long-distance virtual image and a close-range virtual image.

[0126] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , each phase delay plate 23 in the mobile polarization component 22 is opposite to each phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21, the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device 2 on the light is an integer multiple of λ, the adjustment device 2 emits a first polarized light, and the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance.

[0127] In this embodiment, the phase retarder 23 in the mobile polarization assembly 22 is aligned with the phase retarder 23 in the fixed polarization assembly 21. Light emitted from a portion of the pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 (the pixel units 101 corresponding to the phase retarder 23) sequentially passes through the two phase retarder 23, with the phase retardation modulated by the light being an integer multiple of λ. The polarization of the light emitted from these pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is in the first polarization direction. Furthermore, light emitted from another portion of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 sequentially passes through the spacing regions 24 in the two polarization assemblies, with the phase retardation modulated by the light being 0, also an integer multiple of λ. The polarization of the light emitted from these pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is also in the first polarization direction.

[0128] Therefore, in this embodiment, the polarization directions of the modulated light emitted by all pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 are consistent, and the modulated light can form a long-distance virtual image or a short-distance virtual image after being reflected by the reflective component 3 .

[0129] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The movement amount of the movable polarization component 22 is an integer multiple of the width of the phase delay plate 23, the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device 2 on the light is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the adjustment device 2 emits a second polarized light to form a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance.

[0130] In this embodiment, the movement of the mobile polarizing component 22 is an integer multiple of the width of the phase retarder 23. That is, if the width of the phase retarder 23 is the same as the width of one pixel unit 101 in the display screen 10, the movement of the mobile polarizing component 22 can be an integer multiple of the width of one pixel unit 101. Alternatively, if the width of the phase retarder 23 is the same as the width of two pixel units 101 in the display screen 10, the movement of the mobile polarizing component 22 can be an integer multiple of the width of two pixel units 101.

[0131] This embodiment limits the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 , and the phase retarder 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 and the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 are completely offset.

[0132] In this way, the light emitted from some pixel units 101 of the display screen 10 will pass through the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacing area 24 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence, the phase delay amount of the light modulation is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the polarization light emitted from these pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the second polarization direction; and the light emitted from another part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 will pass through the spacing area 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence, the phase delay amount of the light modulation is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the polarization light emitted from these other part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the second polarization direction.

[0133] Therefore, in this embodiment, the polarization directions of the modulated light emitted by all pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 are consistent, and the modulated light can form a long-distance virtual image or a short-distance virtual image after being reflected by the reflective component 3 .

[0134] It should be noted that, when the light emitted by all pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is modulated into the first polarized light, and the modulated light is reflected by the reflective component 3 to form a near-distance virtual image, then the light emitted by all pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is modulated into the second polarized light, and the modulated light is reflected by the reflective component 3 to form a far-distance virtual image, and vice versa.

[0135] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 4, the width of the phase delay plate 23 is the width of the even number of pixel units 101, the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 is the width of the odd number of pixel units 101 in the second direction, and the adjustment device 2 simultaneously emits the first polarized light and the second polarized light to form a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

[0136] In this embodiment, the width of the phase retarder 23 and the width of the pixel unit 101 are limited, and the movement amount of the mobile polarization component 22 is limited. The phase retarder 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 and the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 are partially staggered.

[0137] In this way, the light emitted from the first part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 will pass through the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacing area 24 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence. The phase delay amount of the light modulation is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the polarization light emitted from the first part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the second polarization direction.

[0138] The light emitted from the second portion of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 passes through the spacing area 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the spacing area 24 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence. The phase delay amount of the light modulation is an integer multiple of λ. The polarization light emitted from the second portion of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the first polarization direction.

[0139] The light emitted from the third portion of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 passes through the spacing area 24 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence. The phase delay amount of the light modulation is an odd multiple of λ / 2. The polarization of the light emitted from the third portion of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the second polarization direction.

[0140] The light emitted from the fourth part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 will pass through the phase delay plate 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 of the movable polarization component 22 in sequence. The phase delay amount of the light modulation is an integer multiple of λ, and the polarization light emitted from the fourth part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 is the first polarization direction.

[0141] Therefore, in this embodiment, the polarization direction of the light emitted by a part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 after being modulated is the first polarization direction, and the modulated light can form a near-range virtual image after being reflected by the reflective component 3; the polarization direction of the light emitted by another part of the pixel units 101 in the display screen 10 after being modulated is the second polarization direction, and the modulated light can form a long-range virtual image after being reflected by the reflective component 3. In this way, the head-up display can simultaneously project a long-range virtual image and a near-range virtual image.

[0142] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 2-Figure 4 The phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 in the movable polarization component 22 are both half-wave plates.

[0143] In this embodiment, the types of the phase delay plate 23 in the fixed polarization component 21 and the phase delay plate 23 in the movable polarization component 22 are limited. In this way, when the adjustment module 20 includes a fixed polarization component 21 and a movable polarization component 22, the fixed polarization component 21 includes a row of phase delay plates 23, and the movable polarization component 22 also includes a row of phase delay plates 23, by adjusting the movement amount of the movable polarization component 22, the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2 can be λ / 2, or the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2 can be λ, or the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device 2 can be λ / 2 and λ, so that the head-up display can project virtual images with different virtual image distances according to actual needs.

[0144] In one embodiment, the adjustment device 2 is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen 10 and is separate from the display screen 10 ; or the adjustment device 2 and the display screen 10 are an integral structural component.

[0145] In one example, the adjustment device 2 and the display screen 10 are two independent components, and the adjustment device 2 is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen 10 .

[0146] In another example, the adjustment device 2 is integrated with the display screen 10, and the adjustment device 2 and the display screen 10 are an integral structure. For example, the fixed polarization component 21 of the adjustment device 2 is fixed to the housing of the display screen 10, and the movable polarization component 22 of the adjustment device 2 is movable relative to the housing of the display screen 10.

[0147] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2-Figure 4 The mobile polarization component 22 and the fixed polarization component 21 further include a substrate 25 , and the phase delay plate 23 is arranged on the substrate 25 .

[0148] In this embodiment, the mobile polarization component 22 includes a substrate 25 on which the phase retarder 23 of the mobile polarization component 22 is disposed. The fixed polarization component 21 includes a substrate 25 on which the phase retarder 23 of the fixed polarization component 21 is disposed.

[0149] The substrate 25 allows light to pass through. For example, the material of the substrate 25 can be, but is not limited to, quartz or glass.

[0150] In one embodiment, a light shielding component is provided at the junction of the spacing region 24 formed by the phase retarder 23 and the substrate 25 .

[0151] In this embodiment, to prevent crosstalk between the light emitted from each pixel unit 101 of the display screen 10, a light shielding member may be provided at the interface between the phase retarder 23 and the spacing region 24 (without the phase retarder 23).

[0152] In an optional embodiment, the polarization direction of the output first polarized light and the polarization direction of the output second polarized light are limited, mainly requiring that the polarization direction of the first polarized light has a component in the column direction (i.e., the vertical direction), and the polarization direction of the second polarized light has a component in the column direction (i.e., the vertical direction), so that the virtual image projected by the head-up display also has the same polarization direction as the corresponding light.

[0153] For example, refer to Figure 6 The first polarized light is used to output the first virtual image (near-distance virtual image) for display, and the second polarized light is used to output the second virtual image (far-distance virtual image) for display. The polarization direction of the first polarized light is α=45°, and the polarization direction of the second polarized light is β=135°. Correspondingly, the polarization direction of the first virtual image is 45°, and the polarization direction of the second virtual image is 135°. The driver wears sunglasses, and the light with a polarization direction of 90° (P light) can pass through the sunglasses. Both the far-distance and near-distance virtual images have P light components, so the virtual image is visible after wearing sunglasses.

[0154] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a vehicle. The vehicle includes the head-up display described in the first aspect. The vehicle may be an electric, hybrid, or other vehicle having a cockpit. The head-up display is installed in the cockpit.

[0155] The above embodiments focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here.

[0156] Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A head-up display, characterized in that: include: A display screen (10), the display screen (10) being used to emit light carrying image information; An adjustment device (2) is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen (10) and receives polarized light and modulates the polarization direction of the polarized light; The regulating device (2) comprises regulating modules (20) arranged in an array along a first direction of the display screen (10), each regulating module (20) comprising a stacked fixed polarization component (21) and a movable polarization component (22), the movable polarization component (22) being movable relative to the fixed polarization component (21) along a second direction of the display screen (10), and both the fixed polarization component (21) and the movable polarization component (22) comprising phase delay plates (23) arranged at intervals along the second direction; By adjusting the movement amount of the mobile polarization component (22), the phase delay amount of the light modulation by the adjustment device (2) is adjusted, so that the light emitted by at least a portion of the pixel units (101) of the display screen (10) is modulated to have different polarization directions; The reflection component (3) is used for receiving and reflecting the polarized light emitted by the adjustment device (2) to form images with different virtual image distances.

2. The head-up display according to claim 1, wherein: The display screen (10) emits light that passes through M phase delay plates (23), and the adjustment device (2) emits a first polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance; The display screen (10) emits light that passes through M+1 phase delay plates (23), and the adjustment device (2) emits a second polarized light, so that the head-up display forms a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance; The polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, and M is a positive integer ≥1.

3. The head-up display according to claim 1, wherein: The width dimension of the phase delay plate (23) in the second direction is consistent with the spacing dimension between two adjacent phase delay plates (23).

4. The head-up display according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Each of the adjustment modules (20) corresponds to a pixel module of the display screen (10), and the pixel module comprises a plurality of pixel units (101) arranged along a second direction; The width of the phase delay plate (23) in the second direction is consistent with the width of an even number of pixel units (101) in the pixel module.

5. The head-up display according to claim 4, characterized in that Each phase delay plate (23) in the mobile polarization component (22) is opposite to each phase delay plate (23) in the fixed polarization component (21); the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device (2) on the light is an integer multiple of λ; the adjustment device (2) emits a first polarized light, and the head-up display forms a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance.

6. The head-up display according to claim 4, characterized in that The movement amount of the movable polarization component (22) is an integer multiple of the width of the phase delay plate (23), the phase delay amount modulated by the adjustment device (2) on the light is an odd multiple of λ / 2, and the adjustment device (2) emits a second polarized light to form a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance.

7. The head-up display according to claim 4, characterized in that The movement amount of the movable polarization component (22) is the width of an odd number of pixel units in the second direction, and the adjustment device (2) simultaneously emits a first polarized light and a second polarized light to form a first virtual image with a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image with a second virtual image distance, wherein the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light.

8. The head-up display according to claim 4, wherein: The phase delay plate (23) in the fixed polarization component (21) and the phase delay plate (23) in the movable polarization component (22) are both half-wave plates.

9. The head-up display according to claim 1, wherein: The adjustment device (2) is located on the light-emitting side of the display screen (10) and is provided separately from the display screen (10); or the adjustment device (2) and the display screen (10) are an integrated structural component.

10. The head-up display according to claim 1, wherein: The mobile polarization component (22) and the fixed polarization component (21) further include a substrate (25), and the phase delay plate (23) is arranged on the substrate (25).

11. The head-up display according to claim 10, wherein: A light-shielding component is provided at the junction of the spacing area (24) formed by the phase delay plate (23) and the substrate (25).

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a head-up display according to any one of claims 1-11.

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