Antenna structure and communication system

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna structure and a communication system. The antenna structure comprises two antenna assemblies which are arranged in a spaced mode in the first direction, the two antenna assemblies are symmetrically arranged about a first plane located between the two antenna assemblies, and the first direction is arranged to be perpendicular to the first plane; the antenna assembly comprises at least two antenna units which are arranged at intervals, each antenna unit comprises a reflecting plate and a patch mechanism which are connected, and the patch mechanism is located on the side, opposite to the first plane, of the reflecting plate. The communication system comprises the antenna structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communications, and in particular to an antenna structure and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] The dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna is a new type of antenna technology that combines antennas with two mutually orthogonal polarization directions of +45° and -45° and works in the transmit and receive duplex mode at the same time. Therefore, its most prominent advantage is that it saves the number of antennas of a single directional base station.

[0003] At present, the dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna has a complex structure, high cost, and is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble. In addition, in order to ensure gain, the number of antenna units needs to be increased, resulting in a larger overall size of the dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna and a larger windward surface, which makes it more likely to be damaged by the natural environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0005] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna structure, comprising two antenna assemblies spaced apart in a first direction, the two antenna assemblies being symmetrically arranged about a first plane between the two antenna assemblies, the first direction being perpendicular to the first plane;

[0006] The antenna assembly includes at least two antenna units arranged at intervals, and the antenna unit includes a reflector and a patch mechanism connected to each other. The patch mechanism is located on a side of the reflector facing away from the first plane.

[0007] In some exemplary embodiments, the antenna assembly further includes a connecting member, and the reflective plates of two adjacent antenna units are arranged to be connected through the connecting member, and the two adjacent antenna units are arranged to be symmetrically arranged about the connecting member.

[0008] In some exemplary embodiments, the reflection plates of at least two of the antenna units are both located in a second plane and are spaced apart from each other, the connecting member is configured in a plate shape and is located in the second plane, and the second plane is parallel to the first plane.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments, the connecting member is configured to be an integral piece with the reflection plates of two adjacent antenna units, and the thickness of the connecting member is consistent with the thickness of the reflection plates.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments, the connecting member is provided with a first slot, the first slot is arranged to penetrate the connecting member in the first direction, and the first slot is centrally arranged on the connecting member.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments, the first grooves include a plurality of first transverse grooves and a plurality of first vertical grooves, the plurality of first transverse grooves are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction, the plurality of first vertical grooves are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the third direction, the plurality of first transverse grooves and the plurality of first vertical grooves are crossed to form a network, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged to be perpendicular to each other.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments, the antenna units are provided with two, the two antenna units are spaced apart in the second direction, and the reflection plates of the two antenna units are provided with reflection sheets perpendicular thereto, and the reflection sheets and the reflection plates are provided as an integral part;

[0013] The edge of the reflective plate away from the connecting member in the second direction is set as a third edge, one end of the reflective sheet is connected to the third edge, and the other end extends away from the first plane, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments, the length of the reflective sheet is set to be consistent with the extension length of the third edge, and the distance between the end of the reflective sheet away from the reflective plate and the reflective plate is set to H, wherein 10 mm<H<15 mm.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments, the patch mechanism includes a dielectric plate and a radiation patch, the radiation patch is arranged parallel to the reflective plate and spaced apart from the reflective plate in the first direction, the dielectric plate is sandwiched between the radiation patch and the reflective plate, and the dielectric plate and the radiation patch are arranged to be centered relative to the reflective plate;

[0016] The radiation patch has two feeding ports which are rotationally symmetric by 90° about the geometric center of the radiation patch.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments, the projection of the dielectric plate on the first plane is set to be within the projection of the reflective plate on the first plane, and the projection of the radiation patch on the first plane is within the projection of the dielectric plate on the first plane.

[0018] In some exemplary embodiments, the reflective plate, the dielectric plate and the radiation patch are all configured as plate-like structures; the edges of the connecting member at both ends of the second direction are configured as first edges, the first edge is configured to be connected to the reflective plate, and the extension length of the first edge is configured to be equal to or less than the extension length of the edge of the reflective plate close to the connecting member.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments, a second slot is formed on the radiation patch, and the second slot is centrally arranged on the radiation patch and penetrates the radiation patch.

[0020] In some exemplary embodiments, the second slot is configured as a cross-shaped slot, and the cross-shaped slot includes a second transverse slot and a second vertical slot intersecting each other.

[0021] In some exemplary embodiments, the width of the second transverse groove and the second vertical groove are both set to 1 mm to 2 mm, the length of the second transverse groove and the second vertical groove are both L1, the second transverse groove or the second vertical groove is set to extend along the second direction, and the extension length of the radiation patch in the second direction is set to L2, wherein L1:L2=1:2, and the second direction is set to be perpendicular to the first direction.

[0022] In some exemplary embodiments, a metal piece is provided between the radiation patch and the reflection plate, the radiation patch and the reflection plate are configured to be electrically connected through the metal piece, and the metal piece is embedded in the dielectric plate.

[0023] In some exemplary embodiments, the metal piece is configured as a metal sheet, the metal sheet is perpendicular to the reflector plate and the radiation patch and is respectively attached to the reflector plate and the radiation patch at both ends in the first direction, and the dielectric plate is provided with an embedding groove for accommodating the metal sheet;

[0024] An edge of the radiation patch in the third direction is set as the second edge, the two feeding ports are set to be away from the second edge, the metal sheet extends along the third direction, the metal sheet is set to be centered relative to the radiation patch in the second direction, one end of the metal sheet is flush with the second edge, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are set to be perpendicular to each other.

[0025] In some exemplary embodiments, the patch mechanism also includes a parasitic patch and a foam pad, wherein the parasitic patch is located on the side of the radiation patch facing away from the reflective plate, the parasitic patch is parallel to the radiation patch and is spaced apart from the radiation patch in the first direction, and the foam pad is sandwiched between the parasitic patch and the radiation patch.

[0026] In some exemplary embodiments, the parasitic patch and the foam pad are both configured as square plates;

[0027] The projection of the radiation patch on the first plane is located within the projection range of the parasitic patch on the first plane;

[0028] The projection of the foam pad on the first plane is consistent with the projection of the radiation patch on the first plane.

[0029] In some exemplary embodiments, the feeding ports are coaxial feeding ports, and the phase difference between the two feeding ports is 180°.

[0030] In some exemplary embodiments, one end of the feeding port passes through the radiation patch and is welded to the radiation patch at the end surface of the radiation patch facing away from the reflection plate, and the other end passes through the reflection plate.

[0031] In some exemplary embodiments, the distance between two adjacent antenna assemblies is set to 10 mm to 50 mm.

[0032] In some exemplary embodiments, in one of the antenna assemblies, the total projected area of ​​the connector and the reflector of the antenna unit on the first plane is set to 0.1 m 2 To 0.15m 2 .

[0033] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, including the above-mentioned antenna structure.

[0034] Other aspects will be apparent upon reading and understanding the drawings and detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present disclosure, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view of the antenna structure in FIG.

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A front view of the antenna assembly;

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the AA section;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram of

[0041] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of antenna unit in;

[0042] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A front view of the antenna unit in FIG.

[0043] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Fig.14 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the radiation patch in;

[0050] Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 BB section diagram in FIG.

[0056] Fig.21 for Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the dielectric plate in FIG.

[0057] Fig. 22 for Fig. 20 A partial schematic diagram of

[0058] Fig.23 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] Fig.24 for Fig.23 A partial schematic diagram of the antenna structure;

[0060] Fig.25is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] Fig.26 for Fig.25 A partial schematic diagram of the antenna structure;

[0062] Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0063] Fig.28 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0064] Fig.29 for Figure 1 The antenna pattern of the antenna structure shown;

[0065] Fig.30 for Figure 1 The Realizd Gain simulation diagram of the antenna structure shown;

[0066] Fig.31 for Fig.17 The antenna pattern of the antenna structure shown;

[0067] Fig.32 for Figure 1 Another antenna pattern of the antenna structure is shown.

[0068] Description of reference numerals:

[0069] 1-antenna assembly, 2-antenna unit, 3-connector, 4-reflector, 5-patch mechanism, 6-dielectric plate, 7-radiation patch, 8-feeding port, 9-first plane, 10-first edge, 11-third edge, 12-first through hole, 13-second through hole, 14-third through hole, 15-second edge, 16-second slot, 17-second horizontal slot, 18-second vertical slot, 19-first slot, 20-first horizontal slot, 21-first vertical slot, 22-metal part, 23-embedded slot, 24-foam pad, 25-parasitic patch, 26-reflector, 27-metal sheet, 28-transition plate, 29-fourth edge, 30-oblique slot, 31-circular via. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below. Note that the embodiments can be implemented in multiple different forms. A person of ordinary skill in the art can easily understand the fact that the methods and contents can be transformed into various forms without departing from the purpose and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should not be interpreted as being limited to the contents described in the following embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0071] In the present specification, ordinal numbers such as “first”, “second” and “third” are provided to avoid confusion among constituent elements, and are not intended to limit the number.

[0072] In this specification, for the sake of convenience, the words and phrases indicating the orientation or positional relationship, such as "middle", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., are used to illustrate the positional relationship of the constituent elements with reference to the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing this specification and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. The positional relationship of the constituent elements is appropriately changed according to the direction in which each constituent element is described. Therefore, it is not limited to the words and phrases described in the specification, and can be appropriately replaced according to the situation.

[0073] In this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0074] In this specification, "parallel" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is greater than -10° and less than 10°, and therefore, also includes a state where the angle is greater than -5° and less than 5°. In addition, "perpendicular" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is greater than 80° and less than 100°, and therefore, also includes a state where the angle is greater than 85° and less than 95°.

[0075] The triangles, rectangles, trapezoids, pentagons or hexagons in this specification are not in the strict sense, and may be approximate triangles, rectangles, trapezoids, pentagons or hexagons, etc. There may be some small deformations caused by tolerances, and there may be chamfers, arc edges and deformations.

[0076] The term "about" in the present disclosure refers to a numerical value that is not strictly limited to allow for process and measurement errors.

[0077] like Figure 1 An antenna structure is shown, which may include two antenna components 1 spaced apart in a first direction, the two antenna components 1 may be arranged symmetrically about a first plane 9 located between the two antenna components 1, and the first direction is arranged perpendicular to the first plane. The antenna component 1 may include at least two antenna units 2 spaced apart, the antenna unit 2 may include a reflector 4 and a patch mechanism 5 connected to each other, and the patch mechanism 5 may be located on the side of the reflector 4 facing away from the first plane 9. Thus, the antenna structure can achieve omnidirectional coverage with only two antenna components 1, and compared with the related dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna, it has a smaller volume and a simpler structure while ensuring gain.

[0078] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the two antenna components 1 are symmetrically arranged about the first plane 9, the distances between the two antenna components 1 and the first plane 9 are equal, and the distance between the two antenna components 1 is set to D. In this example, the value of D can be set to 40 mm, but is not limited thereto. For example, the value of D can be other values ​​greater than 10 mm.

[0079] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in addition to the antenna unit 2, the antenna assembly 1 may also include a connector 3, and the reflectors 4 of two adjacent antenna units 2 may be arranged to be connected through the connector 3, and the two adjacent antenna units 2 may be arranged to be symmetrically arranged according to the connector 3, and the connector 3 and the two connected reflectors 4 may be an integral part, but not limited thereto, for example, the connector 3 and the two connected reflectors 4 may be detachably connected by plugging, snapping, etc. As for a single antenna assembly 1, the antenna assembly 1 includes two antenna units 2, and the two antenna units 2 are arranged at intervals in the second direction, and the reflectors 4 of the two antenna units 2 may both be on a second plane, and the second plane is parallel to the first plane 9, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the first plane 9, and the number of antenna units 2 is not limited to two, and the antenna structure is described below by taking two as an example.

[0080] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the reflector 4 can be made of metal and can be set to a square plate shape. In this example, the reflector 4 can be a copper plate. The thickness of the reflector 4 is h. The four edges of the reflector 4 are perpendicular to each other and have the same extension length. Figure 7 The dimension in the second direction is set to L6, and the dimension in the third direction is set to L 11, where L6 = L 11 , that is, the side length of the square projection of the reflector 4 on the first plane is also L6, or the side length of the square projection of the reflector 4 on the first plane is also L 11 The cross section of the reflector 4 parallel to the first plane 9 is a square, and the side length of the square is also L6 or L 11 The four circumferential edges of the reflector 4 include a third edge 11 away from the connector 3, and the third edge 11 extends along the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The shape of the reflector 4 is not limited to a square plate. For example, the reflector 4 can also be a rectangular plate. The size of the reflector 4 in the second direction is not equal to the size of the reflector 4 in the third direction. For example, the reflector 4 is a diamond plate, and the four circumferential edges of the reflector 4 are no longer perpendicular to each other.

[0081] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the connector 3 can be made of metal and also in the shape of a plate. In this example, the connector 3 can also be a copper plate. The connector 3 can also be in the second plane, that is, the connector 3 and the reflector 4 are coplanar. The plate thickness of the connector 3 can be the same as the thickness of the reflector 4, both of which are h. Therefore, the connector 3 and the two reflectors 4 can be formed by a copper plate with a thickness of h, which is convenient for production. The connector 3 can be rectangular, and the four edges of the connector in the circumferential direction can include two first edges 10 ( Figure 3 The extension length of the first edge 10 is set to be the dimension L of the connecting plate 3 in the third direction. 14 The two first edges 10 are connected to the two reflectors 4 respectively, and the first edges 10 extend along the third direction. The edge of the circumferential edge of the reflector 4 away from the third edge 11 is connected to the first edge 10, and the extension length of the third edge 11 and the first edge 10 in the third direction is the same, that is, Figure 3 L 14 Equal to Figure 7 L 11 , so that the two ends of the connector 3 and the reflector 4 in the third direction are flush, it can be seen that the copper plate constituting the connector 3 and the two reflectors 4 is rectangular. In addition, the size of the connector 3 in the second direction can be L 15 , where L 15 The value is set equal to L 14 The value of L makes the connecting member 3 also square, but is not limited thereto. The dimension (L 15 ) can be larger or smaller than the dimension of the connector in the third direction (L 14 ), forming a rectangle.

[0082] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the patch mechanism 5 may include a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The radiation patch 7 may be arranged to be parallel to the reflector 4 and spaced apart from the reflector 4 in the first direction. The dielectric plate 6 is sandwiched between the radiation patch 7 and the reflector 4. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 may be installed as a whole through a printed circuit board process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The use of the patch mechanism 5 makes the antenna structure a microstrip patch antenna, which has the advantage of a low profile and can effectively reduce the overall thickness of the antenna. The dielectric plate 6 may adopt an FR4 substrate, and the radiation patch 7 may be a copper plate. The distance between the two radiation patches 7 in the second direction is about 300mm to 400mm. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be arranged centrally relative to the reflector 4. The geometric centers of the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are on a straight line and the straight line extends along the first direction.

[0083] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are also square plates, the four circumferential edges of the dielectric plate 6 are perpendicular to each other and have the same size, two edges extend along the second direction, and two edges extend along the third direction. The size of the dielectric plate 6 in the second direction is set to L5, and the size of the dielectric plate 6 in the third direction is set to L 10 , where the value of L5 is equal to L 10 The cross section of the dielectric plate 6 parallel to the first plane is a square, and the side length of the square is L5, or the side length is L 10 , the sides of the square extend along the second direction and the third direction respectively. The four circumferential edges of the radiation patch 7 are perpendicular to each other, two edges extend along the second direction, and two edges extend along the third direction. The size of the radiation patch 7 in the second direction is set to L2, and the size of the radiation patch 7 in the third direction is set to L9, where the value of L2 is equal to the value of L9. The cross-section of the radiation patch 7 parallel to the first plane is a square, and the side length of the square is L2, or called the side length L9, and the side length of the square extends along the second direction and the third direction respectively. Among them, the edge length of the dielectric plate 6 can be greater than the edge length of the radiation patch 7. It can be seen that L2=L9<L 10 =L5. Figure 5 and Figure 6 Based on the combination Figure 7 , it can be seen that the edge length of the dielectric plate 6 can be greater than the edge length of the radiation patch 7, and the edge length of the dielectric plate 6 can be less than the edge length of the reflector 4, that is, L2 = L9 < L5 = L 10 <L6=L 11，The projection areas of the three square-shaped components on the first plane are, from small to large, the radiation patch 7, the dielectric plate 6, and the reflector 4, so that the projection of the dielectric plate 6 on the first plane can be set to be within the projection of the reflector 4 on the first plane, and the projection of the radiation patch 7 on the first plane can be within the projection of the dielectric plate 6 on the first plane. The edge size ratio of the radiation patch 7 and the dielectric plate 6 is L2:L5, and the ratio of L2 to L5 is between 1:1.33 and 1.07:1.12. The edge size ratio of the reflector 4 and the dielectric plate 6 is L6:L5, and the ratio of L6:L5 is between 1:2.1 and 1.19:1.39.

[0084] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the windward area of ​​the antenna structure is approximately the cross section of the copper plate forming the connecting plate 3 and the two reflecting plates 4 parallel to the first plane 9, and the area of ​​the cross section is equal to the product of the length of the first side length and the length of the second side length. The length of the first side length is the size of the connecting plate 3 and the two reflecting plates 4 in the second direction, and the length of the second side length is the size of the connecting plate 3 or the reflecting plate 4 in the third direction. The windward area can be approximately 0.1m 2 To 0.15m 2 In this example, the frontal area can be 0.12m 2 , relative to the standard windward area of ​​the antenna (0.8m2), it is much smaller than the standard windward area, ensuring that the antenna structure has a smaller windward area and is less affected by external environments such as wind and rain, thereby reducing the risk of damage by the natural environment.

[0085] In some exemplary embodiments, Figures 3 to 7As shown, the radiation patch 7 may have two feeding ports 8 that are rotationally symmetrical at 90° about the geometric center of the radiation patch 7. The feeding ports 8 may be coaxial feeding ports 8, and the phase difference between the two feeding ports 8 is 180°. The two feeding ports 8 are respectively located on the two diagonals C1 of the square radiation patch 7, forming ±45° dual polarization, and the feeding mode is set to dual-port equal-radial and unequal-phase feeding. The four circumferential edges of the radiation patch 7 include a second edge 15, which is located at one end of the radiation patch 7 in the third direction, and the second edge 15 extends along the second direction. The two feeding ports 8 are arranged to be away from the second edge 15 and have the same length from the second edge 15. The positions of the two feeding ports 8 are not limited to this. For example, the two feeding ports 8 are respectively located on the two diagonals C1, but are arranged away from the edges of other radiation patches 7. The feed port 8 may be composed of a copper tinned pad (not shown in the figure) and a coaxial metal core (not shown in the figure). The cross section of the feed port 8 is circular. The copper tinned pad is provided with a through hole (not shown in the figure) for accommodating the coaxial metal core. The coaxial metal core passes through the radiation patch 7 and is welded to the front side of the radiation patch 7 (the end face facing away from the reflection plate 4). The other end of the coaxial metal core passes through the reflection plate 4 to connect and can be connected to the power divider (not shown in the figure) through a cable. The reflection plate 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are provided with a first through hole 12, a second through hole 13 and a third through hole 14 for accommodating the feed port 8 to pass through, respectively.

[0086] In some exemplary embodiments, the antenna structure may include an insulating member (not shown in the figure) and a housing (not shown in the figure), and the two antenna components 1 are connected by the insulating member, which may be a hexagonal nylon column. It is necessary to punch holes on the reflector 4 or the connecting plate 3 of the two antenna components 1, and the insulating member is inserted into the punched holes to form a fixed installation of the antenna component 1. The two antenna components 1 can be installed in the housing, which is slightly larger than the size of the antenna structure, and the antenna structure can also be positioned in the housing through the insulating member.

[0087] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.30 Set to Figure 1 The antenna structure in the figure is a Realizd Gain simulation diagram considering port loss. Fig.29 Set to Figure 1 The antenna pattern simulation of the antenna structure in the realizdgain simulation refers to the ratio between the input power and the output power of the antenna, which takes into account factors such as matching loss. Fig.30 The horizontal axis is the circumferential angle of the antenna, and the vertical axis is the gain value; the antenna pattern refers to the graph of the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the radiation field at a certain distance from the antenna, which changes with the direction. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns in the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna. Fig.29 and Fig.30 According to the data, the minimum gain of the 360° omnidirectional coverage of the antenna structure with a distance D of 40mm is 4.16dB, and the maximum is 11.17dB. In the full frequency band used, S11<-10dB, S21<-20dB, and the performance is excellent. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring performance, the antenna structure further simplifies the structure, reduces the occupied space, saves materials, and reduces costs.

[0088] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, for a single antenna assembly 1, the antenna assembly 1 includes three antenna units 2, and the three antenna units 2 are arranged at intervals in the second direction. The reflectors 4 of the three antenna units 2 are all on the second plane, and the second plane is parallel to the first plane 9. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the first plane 9. The reflector 4 can be a square plate. In this example, the reflector 4 is a copper plate and the connector 3 is also a copper plate. The connector 3 is also in the second plane, that is, the connector 3 and the reflector 4 are coplanar. The plate thickness of the connector 3 can be the same as the thickness of the reflector 4. Therefore, the two connectors 3 and the three reflectors 4 are formed by a copper plate with a thickness of h, which is convenient for production. The connector 3 is rectangular, and the edge of the connector 3 and the reflector 4 are consistent with the side length of the reflector 4. The copper plate forming the two connectors 3 and the three reflectors 4 is rectangular. The antenna unit 2 also includes a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The dielectric plate 6 can adopt an FR4 substrate, and the radiation patch 7 can be a copper plate. The distance between the two radiation patches 7 in the second direction is about 300mm to 400mm. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be centrally arranged relative to the reflector 4. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are also square plates. The side lengths of the dielectric plate 6, the radiation patch 7 and the reflector 4 are arranged in descending order as the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7. The radiation patch 7 can have two feeding ports 8 that are rotationally symmetrical at 90° about the geometric center of the radiation patch 7. The feeding ports 8 can be coaxial feeding ports 8. The phase difference between the two feeding ports 8 is 180°, forming ±45° dual polarization, and the feeding mode is set to dual-port equal-radiation unequal-phase feeding. Figure 8 As shown, the frontal area of ​​the antenna structure is approximately the cross section of the copper plate forming the two connecting members 3 and the three reflecting plates 4 parallel to the first plane 9. In this example, the frontal area is 0.2 m 2 , relative to the antenna standard frontal area of ​​0.8m 2 , which is also much smaller than the standard windward area, ensuring that the antenna structure has a smaller windward area and reducing the risk of damage by the natural environment.

[0089] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig. 9As shown, for a single antenna assembly 1, the antenna assembly 1 includes four antenna units 2, and the reflectors 4 of the four antenna units 2 are all in the plane (second plane) formed by the second direction and the third direction, forming a structure of two rows and two columns. There are two columns of reflectors 4 spaced apart in the third direction, and each column of reflectors 4 has two spaced reflectors 4; there are two rows of reflectors 4 spaced apart in the second direction, and each row of reflectors 4 has two spaced reflectors 4; no matter in the third direction or in the second direction, the distance between two adjacent reflectors 4 is equal. The reflector 4 can be a square plate. In this example, the reflector 4 is a copper plate and the connector 3 is a copper plate. The connector 3 is also in the second plane, that is, the four connectors 3 and the four reflectors 4 are coplanar, and the area between the four connectors 3 is provided with a transition plate 28, which is also a copper plate. The thickness of the connector 3 and the transition plate 28 can be the same as the thickness of the reflector 4. Therefore, the four connectors 3, the four reflectors 4 and the transition plate 28 are formed by a copper plate with a thickness of h, which is convenient for production. The connector 3 is rectangular, and the connector 3 is consistent with the edge of the reflector 4 and the side length of the reflector 4. A copper plate constituting two connectors 3, four reflectors 4 and the transition plate 28 is a square plate. The antenna unit 2 also includes a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, and the production is low-cost and easy. The dielectric plate 6 can adopt an FR4 substrate, and the radiation patch 7 can be a copper plate. The distance between the two radiation patches 7 is about 300mm to 400mm, and the distance in the third direction is also about 300mm to 400mm. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be arranged in the center relative to the reflector 4. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are also square plates. The side lengths of the dielectric plate 6, the radiation patch 7 and the reflector 4 are arranged in descending order as the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7. The radiation patch 7 may have two feeding ports 8 that are rotationally symmetrical at 90° about the geometric center of the radiation patch 7. The feeding ports 8 may be coaxial feeding ports 8. The phase difference between the two feeding ports 8 is 180°, forming ±45° dual polarization. The feeding mode is set to dual-port equal-radiation unequal-phase feeding. Fig. 9 As shown, the frontal area of ​​the antenna structure is approximately the length of the copper plate that constitutes the four connecting members 3, the four reflecting plates 4 and the transition plate 28 and is parallel to the first plane. In this example, the frontal area is 0.3m 2 , relative to the antenna standard frontal area of ​​0.8m 2 , which is also much smaller than the standard windward area, ensuring that the antenna structure has a smaller windward area and reducing the risk of damage by the natural environment.

[0090] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.10As shown, for one antenna unit 2, it includes a square reflector 4, a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be centrally arranged relative to the reflector 4. The two feeding ports 8 are respectively located on the two diagonals C1 of the square radiation patch 7 to form ±45° dual polarization, and the feeding mode is set to dual-port equal-radial and unequal-phase feeding. The four circumferential edges of the radiation patch 7 include a fourth edge 29, which is located at one end of the radiation patch 7 in the second direction, and the fourth edge 29 extends along the third direction. The two feeding ports 8 are arranged close to the fourth edge 29 and are equal in length from the fourth edge 29.

[0091] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.11 As shown, for a single antenna assembly 1, the antenna assembly 1 includes two antenna units 2, the two antenna units 2 are arranged at intervals in the second direction, and the reflectors 4 of the two antenna units 2 are all on the same plane. The reflector 4 can be a square plate. In this example, the reflector 4 is a copper plate and the connector 3 is a copper plate. The connector 3 is also on the second plane, that is, the connector 3 and the reflector 4 are coplanar. The plate thickness of the connector 3 can be the same as the thickness of the reflector 4. Therefore, the one connector 3 and the two reflectors 4 are formed by a copper plate with a thickness of h, which is convenient for production. The connector 3 is rectangular, and the size of the connector 3 in the third direction is smaller than the size of the reflector 4 in the third direction. The connector 3 is arranged in the center in the third direction, and the copper plate constituting the two connectors 3 and the three reflectors 4 is in an I-shape. The dielectric plate 6 can adopt an FR4 substrate, and the radiation patch 7 can be a copper plate. The distance between the two radiation patches 7 in the second direction is about 300mm to 400mm. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be arranged in the center relative to the reflector 4. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are also square plates. The side lengths of the dielectric plate 6, the radiation patch 7 and the reflector 4 are arranged in descending order as the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7. The radiation patch 7 may have two feeding ports 8 that are 90° rotationally symmetrical about the geometric center of the radiation patch 7. The feeding ports 8 may be coaxial feeding ports 8. The phase difference between the two feeding ports 8 is 180°, forming ±45° dual polarization. The feeding mode is set to dual-port equal-radiation unequal-phase feeding. Fig.11 As shown, the frontal area of ​​the antenna structure is approximately the cross section of the copper plate forming a connecting member 3 and two reflectors 4 parallel to the first plane 9. In this example, the frontal area is smaller, approximately 0.1m 2 , relative to the antenna standard frontal area of ​​0.8m 2, which is also much smaller than the standard windward area, ensuring that the antenna structure has a smaller windward area, and reducing the risk of damage by the natural environment. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the process of printed circuit boards, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture.

[0092] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.12 As shown, a single antenna assembly 1 includes a reflector 4, a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are also rectangular. The dimensions of the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 in the third direction are larger than their respective dimensions in the second direction, but are not limited thereto. For example, the dimensions of the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 in the second direction are larger than their respective dimensions in the third direction. The dimension of the connecting plate 3 in the third direction is consistent with the dimension of the reflecting plate 4 in the third direction, so that the connecting plate 3 and the two reflecting plates 4 form a copper plate. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged in the center relative to the reflecting plate 4, so that the dielectric plate 6 on one reflecting plate 4 is symmetrical with respect to the connecting plate 3 to the dielectric plate 6 on the other reflecting plate 4, and the radiation patch 7 on one reflecting plate 4 is symmetrical with respect to the connecting plate 3 to the radiation patch 7 on the other reflecting plate 4. The radiation patch 7 may have two feeding ports 8 which are rotationally symmetrical at 90° about the geometric center of the radiation patch 7. The feeding ports 8 may be coaxial feeding ports 8. The phase difference between the two feeding ports 8 is 180°, forming ±45° dual polarization. The feeding mode is set to dual-port equal-radiation unequal-phase feeding.

[0093] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, for one antenna unit 2, it includes a square reflector 4, a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be centrally arranged relative to the reflector 4. The two feeding ports 8 are respectively located on the two diagonals of the square radiation patch 7. The radiation patch 7 can be provided with a second slot 16, which is centrally arranged on the radiation patch 7 and penetrates the radiation patch 7 in the thickness direction of the radiation patch 7. The geometric center of the second slot 16 coincides with the geometric center of the radiation patch 7, so that the central arrangement is achieved. The second slot 16 is set as a cross-shaped slot, which includes a second transverse slot 17 and a second vertical slot 18 intersecting each other, the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are perpendicular, and the slot lengths of the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are consistent, which is L1; the slot widths of the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are consistent, which can be set between 1mm and 2mm; the slot depths of the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are equal to the plate thickness of the radiation patch 7, so as to penetrate the radiation patch 7. Figure 5As shown, the radiation patch 7 is a square plate with a side length of L2, that is, the extension length of the radiation patch 7 in the second direction is set to L2, and combined with Fig.14 As shown, L1:L2=1:2, and the length of the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 is about half of the side length of the radiation patch 7. The antenna structure of this example changes the current distribution on the antenna by opening the second slot 16. The increase in the current path length makes the antenna produce a ratio Figure 1 The antenna structure shown has a lower resonance point at the resonance frequency, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna. The second slot 16 is not limited to a cross-shaped slot, and can be, for example, L-shaped, etc., but needs to be arranged in the center of the radiation patch 7.

[0094] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.15 As shown, the antenna unit includes a square reflector 4, a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are arranged to be arranged in the center relative to the reflector 4. The radiation patch 7 can be provided with a second slot 16, which is arranged in the center of the radiation patch 7 and penetrates the radiation patch 7 in the thickness direction of the radiation patch 7. The geometric center of the second slot 16 coincides with the geometric center of the radiation patch 7 to achieve a centered arrangement. The second slot 16 is set as a cross-shaped slot, and the cross-shaped slot includes two intersecting oblique slots 30, the two oblique slots 30 are perpendicular to each other, the slot lengths of the two oblique slots 30 are consistent, the slot widths of the two oblique slots 30 are consistent, and can be set between 1mm and 2mm. The slot depth of the two oblique slots 30 is the plate thickness of the radiation patch 7, so as to penetrate the radiation patch 7. The radiation patch 7 may have two feeding ports 8 that are rotationally symmetrical at 90° about the geometric center of the radiation patch 7. The feeding ports 8 may be coaxial feeding ports 8. The phase difference between the two feeding ports 8 is 180°, forming ±45° dual polarization. The feeding mode is set to dual-port equal-radiation unequal-phase feeding. Fig.15 As shown, the radiation patch 7 is a square plate with a side length, the slot length of the oblique slot 30 is about half of the side length of the radiation patch 7, one oblique slot 30 and one feeding port 8 are located on one diagonal line C1 of the radiation patch 7, and another oblique slot 30 and another feeding port 8 are located on another diagonal line C1 of the radiation patch 7. The antenna structure of this example changes the current distribution on the antenna by providing the second slot 16. The increase in the current path length causes the antenna to generate a Figure 1 The antenna structure shown ( Figure 1 The antenna structure shown does not have a second slot 16) to provide a resonance point with a lower resonance frequency, thereby extending the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0095] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.16As shown, the antenna unit may include a square reflector 4, a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 may be installed as a whole through a printed circuit board process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be centrally arranged relative to the reflector 4. The radiation patch 7 may be provided with a second slot 16, which is centrally arranged on the radiation patch 7 and penetrates the radiation patch 7 in the thickness direction of the radiation patch 7. The geometric center of the second slot 16 coincides with the geometric center of the radiation patch 7, so that the central arrangement is achieved. The second slot 16 is set as a T-shaped slot, and the T-shaped slot includes a second transverse slot 17 and a second vertical slot 18 intersecting each other, the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are perpendicular, and the slot lengths of the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are consistent, both being L1; the slot widths of the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are consistent, and can be set between 1mm and 2mm; the slot depths of the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are equal to the plate thickness of the radiation patch 7, so as to penetrate the radiation patch 7; one end of the second vertical slot 18 is connected to the second transverse slot 17 to form a T-shape, and the geometric center of the T-shaped slot is at the geometric center of the radiation patch 7. Fig.16 As shown, the radiation patch 7 is a square plate with a side length of L2, that is, the extension length of the radiation patch 7 in the third direction is set to L2. Fig.16 As shown, L1:L2=1:2, and the length of the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 is about half of the side length of the radiation patch 7. The antenna structure of this example changes the current distribution on the antenna by opening the second slot 16. The increase in the current path length makes the antenna produce a ratio Figure 1 The antenna structure shown has a lower resonance point at the resonance frequency, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna. The second slot 16 is not limited to a T-shaped slot, and can be an I-shaped slot, for example, but needs to be arranged in the center of the radiation patch 7.

[0096] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.17As shown, the antenna unit includes a square reflector 4, a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be centrally arranged relative to the reflector 4. The radiation patch 7 and the connector 3 both have slots. The radiation patch 7 may be provided with a second slot 16, which is centrally arranged on the radiation patch 7 and penetrates the radiation patch 7 in the thickness direction of the radiation patch 7. The geometric center of the second slot 16 coincides with the geometric center of the radiation patch 7, so as to achieve a central arrangement. The second slot 16 is set as a cross-shaped slot, which includes a second transverse slot 17 and a second vertical slot 18 intersecting each other, and the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are perpendicular. The connector 3 may be provided with a first slot 19, which may be arranged to penetrate the connector 3 in the first direction. The first slot 19 is centrally arranged on the connector 3 and is symmetrical with respect to the geometric center of the connector 3. If the first slot 19 is arranged eccentrically, the symmetry of the antenna will be affected. The first slot 19 includes a first cross slot 20 and a first vertical slot 21 that intersect. A plurality of first cross slots 20 are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction. A plurality of first vertical slots 21 are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the third direction. The first cross slot 20 is perpendicular to the first vertical slot 21. Each first cross slot 20 may be arranged to cross-communicate with all the first vertical slots 21. Each first vertical slot 21 may be arranged to cross-communicate with all the first cross slots 20 to form a mesh. The length of the first vertical groove 21 and the first vertical groove 21 is consistent and smaller than the side length of the dielectric plate, both are L4, where L4 is approximately 0.9xL5; the depth and width of the first vertical groove 21 and the first vertical groove 21 are consistent, where the width is 1mm to 1.5mm, 1mm in this example, and the depth of both is the thickness of the connecting plate 3. The dielectric plate 6 can use an FR4 substrate, the radiation patch 7 and the reflector 4 can be a copper plate, and the distance between the two radiation patches 7 in the second direction is about 300mm to 400mm. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are also square plates, and the side lengths of the dielectric plate 6, the radiation patch 7 and the reflector 4 are arranged in descending order as the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7. The radiation patch 7 may have two feeding ports 8 that are rotationally symmetrical at 90° about the geometric center of the radiation patch 7. The feeding ports 8 may be coaxial feeding ports 8. The two feeding ports 8 have a phase difference of 180°, forming ±45° dual polarization, and the feeding mode is set to dual-port equal-radial unequal-phase feeding. The antenna structure of this example can improve the coupling effect between the two-sided antenna components 1 by adding the first slot 19. Fig.31 The schematic diagram of the antenna structure after antenna pattern simulation is shown in Figure 2. Fig.31 and Fig.29 As shown, the antenna structure is compared with Figure 1The antenna structure has a minimum gain increased from 4.16dB to 4.3dB, while the maximum gain of 11.17dB is reduced to 11.02dB, and the non-circularity of the overall directional pattern is increased by about 0.3dB. The first slot 19 is not limited to the crossed first transverse slot 20 and the first vertical slot 21. For example, the first slot 19 can be only a plurality of parallel first transverse slots 20, or only a plurality of parallel first vertical slots 21, which can also increase the current path and reduce coupling.

[0097] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.18 As shown, the antenna unit includes a square reflector 4, a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be centrally arranged relative to the reflector 4. The radiation patch 7 and the connector 3 both have slots. The radiation patch 7 may be provided with a second slot 16, which is centrally arranged on the radiation patch 7 and penetrates the radiation patch 7 in the thickness direction of the radiation patch 7. The geometric center of the second slot 16 coincides with the geometric center of the radiation patch 7, so as to achieve a central arrangement. The second slot 16 is set as a cross-shaped slot, which includes a second transverse slot 17 and a second vertical slot 18 intersecting each other, and the second transverse slot 17 and the second vertical slot 18 are perpendicular. The connector 3 may be provided with a first slot 19, which may be arranged to pass through the connector 3 in the first direction. The first slot 19 is centrally arranged on the connector 3 and is symmetrical according to the geometric center of the connector 3. If the first slot 19 is arranged eccentrically, the symmetry of the antenna will be affected. The first slot 19 includes a plurality of circular vias 31, which are arranged in a matrix. In this example, the circular vias 31 form a 5x5 array, with 5 columns of circular vias 31 in the second direction, and the circular vias 31 in each column are arranged at equal intervals, and each column of circular vias 31 has five circular vias 31; in the third direction, there are 5 rows of circular vias 31, and the circular vias 31 in each row are arranged at equal intervals, and each row of circular vias 31 has five circular vias 31. The first slot 19 is not limited to a circular via 31, and may be a square hole, a diamond hole, etc. The arrangement of the circular vias 31 may form other array structures. The antenna structure of this example can improve the coupling effect between the two-sided antenna components 1 by adding the first slot 19.

[0098] In some exemplary embodiments, two Figure 2 In the antenna assembly shown, the distance between the two antenna assemblies is D, and the value of D is set to 30 mm, which reduces the distance between the two and is conducive to further improving the coupling effect of the two-sided antenna assemblies. Fig.32 Set to Figure 1 The antenna structure adopts a 30mm distance pattern. Fig.29 Set to Figure 1The antenna structure adopts the directional pattern of 40mm distance, such as Fig.32 and Fig.29 As shown in the figure, after the antenna pattern simulation, the antenna structure of this example has a minimum gain of 4.3dB increased to 4.6dB, while the maximum gain of 11.02dB is reduced to 10.66dB, and the non-circularity of the overall pattern is increased by 0.66d again, compared with the antenna structure of D = 40mm. In addition, reducing the distance between the two antenna components can also effectively reduce the overall volume of the antenna structure, which is more conducive to meeting the trend of miniaturized high-gain products.

[0099] In some exemplary embodiments, Figures 19 to 22 As shown, the antenna unit includes a square reflector 4, a dielectric plate 6 and a radiation patch 7. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are connected in sequence. The reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture. The dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 are both arranged to be arranged centrally relative to the reflector 4. A metal piece 22 can be provided between the radiation patch 7 and the reflector 4. The radiation patch 7 and the reflector 4 can be arranged to be electrically connected through the metal piece 22, and the metal piece 22 is embedded in the dielectric plate 6. The metal piece 22 can be set as a metal sheet 27, which can be a thin sheet of metal. The metal sheet 27 is also processed in the dielectric plate 6 through the printed circuit board process. The metal sheet 27 is perpendicular to the reflector 4 and the radiation patch 7 and is respectively attached to the reflector 4 and the radiation patch 7 at both ends in the first direction. The dielectric plate 6 is provided with an embedding groove 23 for accommodating the metal sheet 27. The embedding groove 23 penetrates the dielectric plate 6 in the first direction and the groove shape and size are set corresponding to the outer contour of the metal sheet 27. The metal piece 22 extends along the third direction and is arranged centrally relative to the radiation patch 7 in the second direction. An edge of the radiation patch 7 in the third direction is set to the second edge 15, and the two feeding ports 8 are far away from the second edge 15. One end of the metal sheet 27 is flush with the second edge 15, and the other end extends to the side of the radiation patch 7 having the feeding port 8. The length of the metal sheet 27 in the third direction can be set to L3, and the side length of the radiation patch 7 is L2, that is, the extension length of the radiation patch 7 in the second direction is set to L2, wherein the ratio of L3 to L2 is between 1:4.8 and 1:4.5. In this example, the setting of the metal piece 22 can improve the isolation between the two feeding ports 8 and reduce interference. The metal piece 22 is not limited to the metal sheet 27, for example, it can also be replaced by a metallized via (not shown in the figure), and a plurality of metallized vias are provided, and the plurality of metallized vias are arranged in a straight line along the third direction. The metallized via is a common processing method in PCB processing technology, and a hole is opened on the dielectric board and metallized on the hole wall.

[0100] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.23 and Fig.24As shown, the antenna unit includes a square reflector 4 and a patch mechanism 5, the patch mechanism 5 includes a dielectric plate 6, a radiation patch 7, a parasitic patch 25 and a foam pad 24, the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6, the radiation patch 7, the parasitic patch 25 and the foam pad 24 are connected in sequence, the reflector 4, the dielectric plate 6 and the radiation patch 7 can be installed as a whole through the PCB process, the production is low-cost and easy to produce, the dielectric plate 6, the radiation patch 7, the parasitic patch 25 and the foam pad 24 are all arranged to be arranged centrally relative to the reflector 4. The parasitic patch 25 is located on the side of the radiation patch 7 facing away from the reflector 4, the parasitic patch 25 is parallel to the radiation patch 7 and is spaced from the radiation patch 7 in the first direction, and the foam pad 24 is sandwiched between the parasitic patch 25 and the radiation patch 7. The parasitic patch 25 and the foam pad 24, as well as the radiation patch 7 and the foam pad 24 are connected by bonding, but are not limited thereto, for example, hexagonal nylon columns can be used for locking and fixing. The parasitic patch 25 is a square plate, and the four edges of the parasitic patch 25 in the circumferential direction are perpendicular and equal, two edges are arranged along the second direction, and two edges are arranged along the third direction. The size of the parasitic patch 25 in the second direction is set to L7, and the size of the parasitic patch 25 in the third direction is set to L 12 , where the value of L7 is equal to L 12 The foam pad 24 is a square plate, the four edges of the foam pad 24 are perpendicular and equal, two edges are arranged along the second direction, and two edges are arranged along the third direction. The size of the foam pad 24 in the second direction is set to L8, and the size of the parasitic patch 25 in the third direction is set to L 13 , where the value of L8 is equal to L 13 At the same time, the dimensions of the parasitic patch 25 in the second direction and the third direction are greater than the corresponding lengths of the radiation patch 7 in the second direction and the third direction, that is, Fig.23 and Fig.24 L7 and L shown in 12 The value is greater than Figure 5 and Figure 6 The values ​​of L2 and L9 of the radiation patch 7 are shown in FIG. The dimensions of the parasitic patch 25 in the second direction and the third direction are smaller than the corresponding lengths of the dielectric plate 6 in the second direction and the third direction, that is, Fig.23 and Fig.24 L7 and L shown in 12 The value is greater than Fig.23 L5 and L6 of the dielectric plate 6 shown 10 In addition, the dimensions of the foam pad 24 in the second direction and the third direction are equal to the corresponding lengths of the medium plate 6 in the second direction and the third direction, that is, Fig.23 and Fig.24 L7 and L shown in 12 The value is equal to Fig.23The radiation patch 7 shown has corresponding lengths in the second direction and the third direction. The geometric centers of the radiation patch 7, the parasitic patch 25 and the foam pad 24 are on a straight line, and the straight line extends along the first direction, so that the parasitic patch 25 and the foam pad 24 are arranged centrally relative to the radiation patch 7, and the projection of the radiation patch 7 on the first plane is located within the projection range of the parasitic patch 25 on the first plane, and the projection of the foam pad 24 on the first plane is consistent with the projection of the radiation patch 7 on the first plane. The parasitic patch 25 is a copper sheet, and the foam pad 24 is a foam material with a thickness of about 18mm to 32mm. At the same time, the dielectric constant of the foam pad 24 is close to that of air, and it is a relatively ideal material close to air simulation. The antenna structure of this example adds parasitic patches 25 and foam pads 24, which can add new resonance points, thereby effectively increasing the bandwidth.

[0101] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.25 and Fig.26 As shown, the reflector 4 is provided with a reflector sheet 26 perpendicular thereto, and the reflector sheet 26 and the reflector 4 are set as an integral part, and the reflector 4 is formed by bending the plate of the reflector sheet 26. The edge of the reflector 4 away from the connecting member 3 is set as the third edge 11, one end of the reflector sheet 26 is connected to the third edge 11, and the other end extends away from the reflector 4, and the reflector sheet 26 can be perpendicular to the reflector 4. The length of the reflector sheet 26 can be set to be consistent with the extension length of the third edge 11, which is convenient for processing. The length of the reflector sheet 26 is set to L 16 The extension length of the third edge 11 and the dimension L of the reflector 26 in the third direction are 11 Consistent, where L 16 The value is equal to L 11 The distance between the end of the reflector 26 away from the reflector 4 and the reflector 4 is set to H, where 10mm<H<15mm. The antenna structure of this example is provided with a reflector 26, which can concentrate the beam reflection, so that some of the escaped energy is reflected back to the main direction through the reflector 26, forming a beam superposition effect, thereby improving the gain, and improving the antenna performance without increasing the antenna profile.

[0102] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig. 27 As shown, the reflector 4 is provided with a reflector sheet 26 perpendicular thereto, and the reflector sheet 26 and the reflector 4 are set as an integral part, and the reflector 4 is formed by bending the plate of the reflector sheet 26. The reflector 4 is provided with a third edge 11, one end of the reflector sheet 26 is connected to the third edge 11, and the other end extends back to the reflector 4, and the reflector sheet 26 can be perpendicular to the reflector 4. The length of the reflector sheet 26 can be set to be inconsistent with the extension length of the third edge 11. The length of the reflector sheet 26 is set to L 16 The extension length of the third edge 11 and the dimension L of the reflector 26 in the third direction are11 Consistent, where L 16 The value is less than L 11 The reflector 26 is arranged on the reflector plate 4 in the third direction. The distance between the end of the reflector 26 away from the reflector plate 4 and the reflector plate 4 is set to H, where 10mm<H<15mm. The antenna structure of this example is provided with a reflector 26, which can concentrate the beam reflection, so that some of the escaped energy is reflected back to the main direction through the reflector 26, forming a beam superposition effect, thereby improving the gain, and improving the antenna performance without increasing the antenna profile.

[0103] In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.28 As shown, the reflector 4 is provided with a reflector sheet 26 perpendicular thereto, and the reflector sheet 26 and the reflector 4 are set as an integral part, and the reflector 4 is formed by bending the plate of the reflector sheet 26. The reflector 4 is provided with a third edge 11, one end of the reflector sheet 26 is connected to the third edge 11, and the other end extends back to the reflector 4, and the reflector sheet 26 can be perpendicular to the reflector 4. The length of the reflector sheet 26 can be set to be inconsistent with the extension length of the third edge 11. The length of the reflector sheet 26 is set to L 16 The extension length of the third edge 11 and the dimension L of the reflector 26 in the third direction are 11 Consistent, where L 16 The value is greater than L 11 The value of 26 makes the reflector 26 protrude from the reflector 4 at both ends in the third direction, and the reflector 26 is arranged centrally on the reflector 4 in the third direction. The distance between the end of the reflector 26 away from the reflector 4 and the reflector 4 is set to H, where 10mm<H<15mm. The antenna structure of this example is provided with a reflector 26, which can concentrate the beam reflection, so that some of the escaped energy is reflected back to the main direction through the reflector 26, forming a beam superposition effect, thereby improving the gain, and improving the antenna performance without increasing the antenna profile.

[0104] In some exemplary embodiments, a communication system includes the above antenna structure, and the communication system can be a base station or other equipment. In particular, some display devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, televisions, monitors, laptops, digital photo frames, navigators, and any other products or components with display functions, can transmit or receive signals through the antenna structure.

[0105] Combined with the above embodiments, the antenna structure can achieve omnidirectional coverage with only two antenna components 1, and the minimum gain can reach 4dB. Compared with the related dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna, it has a smaller volume and a simpler structure while ensuring performance. The windward area of ​​the antenna structure is small, much smaller than the standard area of ​​0.8m 2, reducing the impact of the natural environment. The antenna structure is manufactured using printed circuit board technology, which is low-cost and easy to manufacture, and has a low profile, which can effectively reduce the overall thickness of the antenna. The antenna structure is provided with a reflector 26, which can concentrate the beam reflection, so that some of the escaped energy is reflected back to the main direction through the reflector 26, forming a beam superposition effect, thereby improving the gain, and improving the antenna performance without increasing the antenna profile. The antenna structure has a parasitic patch 25 and a foam pad 24 on the basis of a radiation patch and a dielectric plate, which can add new resonance points, thereby effectively increasing the bandwidth. The distance between the two antenna components of the antenna structure can be reduced to 10mm, and the small spacing between the two antenna components can also effectively reduce the overall volume of the antenna structure, which is more conducive to meeting the trend of miniaturized high-gain products. The antenna structure can improve the coupling effect between the two-sided antenna components 1 by adding a through first slot 19 on the connecting plate. The antenna structure changes the current distribution on the antenna by opening a second slot 16 on the radiation patch. The increase in the current path length makes the antenna produce a ratio Figure 1 The antenna structure shown has a lower resonant frequency, thereby extending the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0106] The above-described embodiments only express several embodiments of the present disclosure, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but the contents described are only embodiments adopted for facilitating the understanding of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any technician in the field to which the present disclosure belongs may make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present disclosure, but the scope of patent protection of the present disclosure shall still be defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: The antenna components include two antenna components spaced apart in a first direction, the two antenna components are symmetrically arranged about a first plane between the two antenna components, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane; The antenna assembly includes at least two antenna units arranged at intervals, and the antenna unit includes a reflector and a patch mechanism connected to each other. The patch mechanism is located on a side of the reflector facing away from the first plane.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna assembly further comprises a connecting member, and the reflection plates of two adjacent antenna units are arranged to be connected via the connecting member, and the two adjacent antenna units are arranged to be symmetrically arranged with respect to the connecting member.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reflection plates of at least two of the antenna units are both located in the second plane and are arranged at intervals, the connecting member is arranged in a plate shape and is located in the second plane, and the second plane is parallel to the first plane.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting member is configured to be an integral piece with the reflection plates of two adjacent antenna units, and the thickness of the connecting member is consistent with the thickness of the reflection plates.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting member is provided with a first slot, the first slot is arranged to penetrate the connecting member in the first direction, and the first slot is centrally arranged on the connecting member.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first slots include a plurality of first transverse slots and a plurality of first vertical slots, the plurality of first transverse slots are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction, the plurality of first vertical slots are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the third direction, the plurality of first transverse slots and the plurality of first vertical slots are crossed to form a network, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged to be perpendicular to each other.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two antenna units, the two antenna units are spaced apart in the second direction, and reflection sheets perpendicular to the reflection sheets are provided on the reflection plates of the two antenna units, and the reflection sheets and the reflection plates are provided as an integral part; The edge of the reflective plate away from the connecting member in the second direction is set as a third edge, one end of the reflective sheet is connected to the third edge, and the other end extends away from the first plane, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the reflection sheet is set to be consistent with the extension length of the third edge, and the distance between the end of the reflection sheet away from the reflection plate and the reflection plate is set to H, wherein 10 mm<H<15 mm.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The patch mechanism comprises a dielectric plate and a radiation patch, wherein the radiation patch is arranged parallel to the reflector plate and spaced apart from the reflector plate in the first direction, the dielectric plate is sandwiched between the radiation patch and the reflector plate, and the dielectric plate and the radiation patch are arranged centered relative to the reflector plate; The radiation patch has two feeding ports which are rotationally symmetric by 90° about the geometric center of the radiation patch.

10. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The projection of the dielectric plate on the first plane is set to be within the projection of the reflector on the first plane, and the projection of the radiation patch on the first plane is within the projection of the dielectric plate on the first plane.

11. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The reflecting plate, the dielectric plate and the radiation patch are all set as plate-like structures; the edges of the connecting member at both ends of the second direction are set as first edges, the first edge is set to be connected to the reflecting plate, and the extension length of the first edge is set to be equal to or less than the extension length of the edge of the reflecting plate close to the connecting member.

12. The antenna structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The radiation patch is provided with a second slot, which is centrally arranged on the radiation patch and passes through the radiation patch.

13. The antenna structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The second slot is configured as a cross-shaped slot, and the cross-shaped slot includes a second transverse slot and a second vertical slot intersecting each other.

14. The antenna structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: The groove widths of the second transverse groove and the second vertical groove are both set to 1 mm to 2 mm, the groove lengths of the second transverse groove and the second vertical groove are both L1, the second transverse groove or the second vertical groove is set to extend along the second direction, and the extension length of the radiation patch in the second direction is set to L2, wherein L1:L2=1:2, and the second direction is set to be perpendicular to the first direction.

15. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A metal piece is provided between the radiation patch and the reflection plate, the radiation patch and the reflection plate are configured to be electrically connected through the metal piece, and the metal piece is embedded in the dielectric plate.

16. The antenna structure according to claim 15, characterized in that: The metal piece is configured as a metal sheet, the metal sheet is perpendicular to the reflector plate and the radiation patch and is respectively attached to the reflector plate and the radiation patch at both ends in the first direction, and the dielectric plate is provided with an embedding groove for accommodating the metal sheet; An edge of the radiation patch in the third direction is set as the second edge, the two feeding ports are set to be away from the second edge, the metal sheet extends along the third direction, the metal sheet is set to be centered relative to the radiation patch in the second direction, one end of the metal sheet is flush with the second edge, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are set to be perpendicular to each other.

17. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The patch mechanism also includes a parasitic patch and a foam pad, wherein the parasitic patch is located on the side of the radiation patch facing away from the reflector, the parasitic patch is parallel to the radiation patch and is spaced apart from the radiation patch in the first direction, and the foam pad is sandwiched between the parasitic patch and the radiation patch.

18. The antenna structure according to claim 17, characterized in that: The parasitic patch and the foam pad are both configured in a square plate shape; The projection of the radiation patch on the first plane is located within the projection range of the parasitic patch on the first plane; The projection of the foam pad on the first plane is consistent with the projection of the radiation patch on the first plane.

19. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feeding ports are coaxial feeding ports, and the phase difference between the two feeding ports is 180°.

20. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the feeding port passes through the radiation patch and is welded to the radiation patch at the end surface of the radiation patch facing away from the reflection plate, and the other end passes through the reflection plate.

21. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent antenna components is set to 10 mm to 50 mm.

22. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 2 to 20, characterized in that: In one of the antenna assemblies, the total projection area of ​​the connector and the reflector of the antenna unit on the first plane is set to 0.1 m 2 To 0.15m 2 .

23. A communication system, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 22.

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