Method and apparatus for stereotactic body radiotherapy planning and administration

Abstract

The control circuit presents 201 an automatic radiotherapy plan optimizer to the user, which provides pre-existing accuracy input parameters, and further comprises an opportunity to select a stereotactic body radiotherapy plan mode, among other therapy plan modes. In response to the user selecting a stereotactic body radiotherapy plan mode, the control circuitry automatically overwrites 203 at least one of the pre-existing accuracy input parameters when the radiotherapy plan is automatically optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] These teachings generally relate to treating a planned target volume of a patient with energy according to an energy-based treatment plan, and more particularly, to optimizing a stereotactic body radiation therapy plan. Background Art

[0002] The use of energy to treat disease comprises a known area of ​​the prior art. For example, radiation therapy comprises an important component of many treatment plans for reducing or eliminating unwanted tumors. Unfortunately, the energy applied cannot inherently distinguish between unwanted material and adjacent tissues, organs, etc., which are desirable or even critical to the continued survival of the patient. Therefore, energy such as radiation is usually applied in a carefully administered manner to at least attempt to confine the energy to a given target volume. So-called radiation therapy plans often function in the above-described manner.

[0003] A radiation therapy treatment plan typically includes specified values ​​for each of the various treatment platform parameters during each of a plurality of consecutive fields. Treatment plans for a radiation therapy session are often automatically generated through a so-called optimization process. As used herein, "optimization" will be understood to refer to improving a candidate treatment plan without necessarily ensuring that the optimized result is actually the only optimal solution. Such optimization often includes automatically adjusting one or more physical treatment parameters (often while observing one or more corresponding constraints in these aspects) and mathematically calculating the possible corresponding treatment outcomes (such as drug administration levels) to identify a given set of treatment parameters that represents a good compromise between the desired therapy outcome and avoiding undesirable side effects.

[0004] Stereotactic body radiation therapy comprises a known method of administering therapeutic radiation. Stereotactic body radiation therapy is particularly useful when treating small therapeutic targets. Conventional radiation therapy for non-stereotactic bodies generally utilizes relatively low doses of radiation in fractions of the total dose. However, in stereotactic body radiation therapy, by comparison, the dose in fractions is higher (often quite high). For example, conventional therapy may provide 25 fractions of 2 Gy in fractions, while stereotactic body radiation therapy may provide 5 fractions of 7.5 Gy in fractions.

[0005] Applicants have determined that when seeking to generate a plan for administering stereotactic body radiation therapy, available methods for automatically generating radiation therapy plans do not necessarily provide satisfactory results in all application settings. Applicants have determined that this is due, at least in part, to assumptions and considerations that distinguish stereotactic body radiation therapy from other radiation therapy modalities. Summary of the invention

[0006] In one aspect, the invention provides a method as defined in claim 1. In another aspect, the invention provides an apparatus as defined in claim 12. Optional features are specified in the dependent claims.

[0007] The present invention also provides a method, including providing an automatic radiation therapy plan optimizer, the automatic radiation therapy plan optimizer providing pre-existing accuracy input parameters; enabling a user to select a stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) plan mode; and in response to the user selecting the SBRT plan mode, automatically overwriting at least one of the pre-existing accuracy input parameters when automatically optimizing the radiation therapy plan. The present invention also provides an apparatus configured to perform the method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The above needs are met, at least in part, by providing methods and apparatus for stereotactic body radiation therapy planning and administration as described in the following detailed description, particularly when studied in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0009] Figure 1 Includes block diagrams of various embodiment configurations according to these teachings;

[0010] Figure 2 including flow charts configured according to various embodiments of these teachings;

[0011] Figure 3 Includes screen shots of various embodiment configurations according to these teachings;

[0012] Figure 4 Includes screen shots of various embodiment configurations according to these teachings;

[0013] Figure 5 includes screen shots of various embodiment configurations according to these teachings; and

[0014] Figure 6 Included are screen shots of various example configurations according to these teachings.

[0015] The elements in the figure are shown for simplicity and clarity, and are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the size and / or relative positioning of some of the elements in the figure may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help improve the understanding of the various embodiments of this teaching. In addition, the common but easy-to-understand elements that are useful or necessary in commercially feasible embodiments are usually not depicted, so that it is easier to understand these various embodiments of this teaching. Certain actions and / or steps can be described or depicted in a specific order of occurrence, and those skilled in the art will understand that this specificity about the sequence is not actually required. Unless different specific meanings are otherwise set forth in this article, the terms and expressions used herein have the common technical meanings given to such terms and expressions by those skilled in the art of the above-mentioned technical field. Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the word "or" used in this article should be interpreted as having a disjunctive structure rather than a conjunction structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Generally speaking, according to these various embodiments, control circuitry presents to a user an automated radiation therapy plan optimizer that provides pre-existing accuracy input parameters and that also includes an opportunity to select a stereotactic body radiation therapy planning mode in addition to other treatment planning modes. In response to the user selecting the stereotactic body radiation therapy planning mode, the control circuitry automatically overwrites at least one of the pre-existing accuracy input parameters when automatically optimizing the radiation therapy plan.

[0017] By one approach, automatically overwriting one or more pre-existing accuracy input parameters includes, at least in part, automatically accessing an alternative parameter set. The alternative parameter set may include, at least in part, parameters corresponding to at least one or both of a sampling and dose calculation resolution of a structural model. In lieu of or in combination with the foregoing, the parameter set may also include parameters corresponding to at least one or both of a treatment machine configuration parameter and a treatment limit parameter (such as, but not limited to, a maximum dose rate limit and a maximum allowed monitoring unit limit). The accessed information may replace the pre-existing information, or may be presented in addition or otherwise provided.

[0018] These teachings will also be adapted to present the user with an opportunity to modify at least one parameter of the above-mentioned alternative parameter sets.

[0019] In the case where the automatic radiotherapy planning optimizer is configured to optimize radiation beam geometry, by one approach, these teachings will be adapted to automatically modify the optimization of the radiation beam geometry with respect to at least one of the number of fields generated and the length of the arc covered by the arc geometry when a user selects the above-mentioned stereotactic body radiotherapy planning mode.

[0020] These teachings are highly flexible in practice and will also adapt, for example, in response to a user selecting a stereotactic body radiotherapy planning mode, to automatically modify optimization objectives regarding the desired rate at which the radiation dose is dropped outside the target volume, the number of monitoring units used to generate the administered dose, and / or the desired uniformity of dose distribution within the target volume.

[0021] So configured, the automated radiation therapy plan optimizer can efficiently and reliably generate clinically effective and acceptable stereotactic body radiation therapy plans. For example, such plans will tend to avoid extra leaf modulations, minimize treatment time, and provide good dosimetric accuracy.

[0022] These and other advantages may become more apparent upon a thorough review and study of the following detailed description. Figure 1 , an illustrative device 100 compatible with many of these teachings will first be presented.

[0023] In this particular example, enabling device 100 includes control circuit 101. As a "circuit," control circuit 101 thus includes a structure that includes at least one (and typically many) conductive paths (such as paths composed of conductive metals such as copper or silver) that carry electricity in an orderly manner, the path(s) also typically including corresponding electrical components (both passive (such as resistors and capacitors) and active (such as any of a variety of semiconductor-based devices)) to allow the circuit to implement the control aspects of these teachings.

[0024] Such control circuit 101 may include a fixed-purpose hardwired hardware platform (including but not limited to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (which is an integrated circuit customized by design for a specific purpose, rather than intended for general use), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.), or may include a partially or fully programmable hardware platform (including but not limited to a microcontroller, a microprocessor, etc.). These architectural options for such structures are well known and understood in the art and do not require further description here. The control circuit 101 is configured to perform one or more of the steps, actions and / or functions described herein (e.g., by using corresponding programming that will be well understood by those skilled in the art).

[0025] The control circuit 101 is operably coupled to a memory 102. The memory 102 may be integrated into the control circuit 101, or may be physically separate (in whole or in part) from the control circuit 101 as desired. The memory 102 may also be local to the control circuit 101 (where, for example, the two share a common circuit board, chassis, power supply, and / or housing), or may be partially or completely remote from the control circuit 101 (where, for example, the memory 102 is physically located in another facility, metropolitan area, or even country than the control circuit 101).

[0026] In addition to information such as optimization information for a specific patient, information about a specific radiation therapy platform, accuracy input parameters, and alternative parameter sets as described herein, the memory 102 may also be used to, for example, non-transitory store computer instructions that, when executed by the control circuit 101, cause the control circuit 101 to operate as described herein. (As used herein, this reference to "non-transitory" will be understood to refer to the non-transitory state of stored content (and thus except when the stored content merely constitutes a signal or wave), rather than the volatility of the storage medium itself, and thus includes both non-volatile memory (such as read-only memory (ROM)) and volatile memory (such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM)).

[0027] By an optional approach, the control circuit 101 is also operatively coupled to a user interface 103. The user interface 103 may include any of a variety of user input mechanisms (such as, but not limited to, a keyboard and keypad, a cursor control device, a touch-sensitive display, a voice recognition interface, a gesture recognition interface, etc.) and / or user output mechanisms (such as, but not limited to, a visual display, an audio transducer, a printer, etc.) to facilitate receiving information and / or instructions from a user and / or providing information to a user.

[0028] If desired, the control circuit 101 may also be operably coupled to a network interface (not shown). The control circuit 101 so configured may communicate with other elements (both internal and external to the device 100) via the network interface. Network interfaces, including both wireless and non-wireless platforms, are well understood in the art and need not be particularly detailed here.

[0029] By one approach, a computed tomography device 106 and / or other imaging device 107 known in the art may acquire some or all of any desired patient-related imaging information.

[0030] In this illustrative example, the control circuit 101 is configured to ultimately output an optimized energy-based treatment plan (such as, for example, an optimized radiation therapy plan 113). The energy-based treatment plan generally includes specified values ​​for each of the various treatment platform parameters during each exposure field in a plurality of consecutive exposure fields. In this case, the energy-based treatment plan is generated by an optimization process, examples of which are further provided herein.

[0031] By one approach, the control circuit 101 can be operably coupled to an energy-based treatment platform 114 that is configured to deliver therapeutic energy 112 to a corresponding patient 104 according to an optimized energy-based treatment plan 113. These teachings are generally applicable to any of a variety of energy-based treatment platforms / devices. In a typical application setting, the energy-based treatment platform 114 will include an energy source, such as a radiation source 115 of ionizing radiation 116.

[0032] By one approach, the radiation source 115 can be selectively moved along an arcuate path via a gantry (wherein the path includes the patient itself at least to some extent during the treatment administration). As desired, the arcuate path can include a complete or nearly complete circle. By one approach, the control circuit 101 controls the movement of the radiation source 115 along the arcuate path and can accordingly control when the radiation source 115 starts moving, stops moving, accelerates, decelerates, and / or the speed at which the radiation source 115 travels along the arcuate path.

[0033] As an illustrative example, radiation source 115 may include, for example, an X-ray source based on a radio frequency (RF) linear particle accelerator (linac-based). A linac is a particle accelerator that greatly increases the kinetic energy of charged subatomic particles or ions by subjecting the charged particles to a series of oscillating electric potentials along a linear beamline, which can be used to generate ionizing radiation (e.g., X-rays) 116 and high-energy electrons.

[0034] A typical energy-based treatment platform 114 may also include one or more support devices 110 (e.g., a couch) to support the patient 104 during a treatment session, one or more patient fixation devices 111, a gantry or other movable mechanism to allow selective movement of the radiation source 115, and one or more energy shaping devices (e.g., beam shaping devices 117, such as clamps, multi-leaf collimators, etc.) to provide selective energy shaping and / or energy modulation as desired.

[0035] In a typical application setting, it is assumed herein that the patient support device 110 can be selectively controlled by the control circuit 101 to move in any direction (i.e., any X, Y, or Z direction) during an energy-based treatment session. Because the above-described elements and systems are well understood in the art, further details of these aspects are not provided herein unless otherwise relevant to the description.

[0036] Reference now Figure 2 , a process 200 will be described that may be performed, for example, in conjunction with the above-described application arrangement (and more specifically, via the above-described control circuit 101). Generally speaking, the process 200 is used to facilitate generating an optimized stereotactic body radiation therapy plan to facilitate treating a particular patient with therapeutic radiation using stereotactic body radiation therapy using a particular radiation therapy platform.

[0037] At block 201, the process 200 provides for presenting to a user an automated radiation therapy plan optimizer that provides pre-existing accuracy input parameters for non-stereotactic body radiation therapy and also includes an opportunity to select a stereotactic body radiation therapy planning mode. For example, the opportunity may be presented via the user interface 103 described above and may include, for example, a virtual button that the user may assert. Figure 3 An illustrative example of these aspects is provided where the opportunity includes a check box 301 that a user may select / check in order to select a stereotactic body radiation therapy planning mode.

[0038] At block 202, and in response to detecting that the user has selected a stereotactic body radiation therapy planning mode, at block 203, the process 200 provides for automatically overwriting at least one of the above-described pre-existing accuracy input parameters for use otherwise in automatically optimizing the radiation therapy plan. (In the absence of detection of the above-described triggering event, the process 200 may adapt any of a variety of responses. Examples of responses may include time multitasking, according to which the control circuit 101 performs other tasks before returning to monitor for user assertions again, and simply continuously looping back to monitor substantially continuously for triggering events. These teachings will also be adapted to support this detection activity via real-time interrupt capabilities.)

[0039] Figure 4An illustrative example of a screenshot of the user interface 103 is provided, which depicts plan review information while in stereotactic body radiation therapy planning mode. For example, the information presented shows that a given phase 1 treatment provides four fractions of 12 Gy in fractions for each of two treatment targets (i.e., targets referred to as ITV and PTV), each of which is intended to receive a total dose of 48 Gy. This combination of only a few fractions plus a relatively high dose is typical of stereotactic body radiation therapy.

[0040] By one approach, automatically overwriting one or more of the pre-existing accuracy input parameters includes, at least in part, automatically accessing a selectable alternative parameter set 204. These teachings will adapt various different contents of the alternative parameter set 204. Examples include, but are not limited to, any or all sampling of the structural model, dose calculation resolution, treatment machine configuration parameters, and treatment limit parameters, such as a maximum dose rate limit and / or a maximum allowed monitoring unit limit.

[0041] By one approach, automatically overwriting the pre-existing accuracy input parameters may include automatically replacing the corresponding content of such an alternative parameter set 204. By another approach, the user may be responsively provided with an opportunity to select a particular alternative parameter set from a plurality of different alternative parameter sets having at least slightly different content. Different alternative parameter sets may be provided to accommodate, for example, different kinds of treatment targets and / or different regions of the patient's body containing treatment targets.

[0042] As provided at optional block 205 , these teachings will also be adapted to present the user with an opportunity to modify at least one parameter in the above-mentioned alternative parameter set 204 .

[0043] Figure 5 Illustrative examples of these aspects are provided. In this view, these teachings support multiple plan creation options 501. For standard planning purposes, a fractionation plan dose calculation resolution of 2.5 mm (as shown) or 3 mm (not shown) is available and can include a portion of the above-mentioned pre-existing accuracy input parameters. However, a resolution value of 1.25 mm (as shown in the figure 503) is also available, which is often well suited for stereotactic body radiation therapy planning modes.

[0044] Figure 5It is also shown that the user interface 103 can provide various automatically generated plan types 502 that will take effect when the optimization / plan generation process is started. These teachings will also support having a separate plan type option for stereotactic mode. For example, a user can select 12-field IMRT for a stereotactic case and 7-field IMRT for a non-stereotactic case. As another example, a user can have a non-coplanar treatment plan option available in the selection (e.g., for a treatment plan that includes rotation or other movement of the treatment table).

[0045] In some cases, the automatic radiotherapy plan optimizer can be configured to optimize the radiation beam geometry. In this case, and if desired, at optional box 206, the process 200 can provide for automatically modifying the optimization of the radiation beam geometry. The latter can include, for example, modifying the optimization of the radiation beam geometry with respect to at least one of the number of fields generated and / or the length of the arc length covered by the arc geometry. For example, the total arc length can be increased by increasing the number of arcs. By one approach, in a stereotactic body radiotherapy mode, the number of fields and the overall arc coverage can be optimized based on the dose delivered in a treatment session (i.e., one dose fractionation). For example, the number of fields can be increased when the dose exceeds a given threshold (e.g., 20 Gy per fraction). Figure 6 An illustrative example is presented in which specific gantry positions, collimator settings, and monitor unit values ​​are specified for each of three separate fields.

[0046] When the user selects a stereotactic body radiation therapy planning mode, these instructions will adapt other responsive actions. As a non-limiting example in these regards, the process 200 can provide for automatically modifying optimization goals when automatically optimizing radiation therapy plans with respect to at least one of the rate at which radiation dosing is required to be reduced from outside the target volume, the number of monitoring units used to generate the administered dose, and / or the uniformity of dose distribution required inside the target volume. For example, note that typical non-stereotactic body radiation therapy modes attempt to achieve a certain uniformity of target dose distribution by, for example, maintaining a maximum dose value below 107% of the dose prescription value. However, in stereotactic body radiation therapy, the target dose can be quite high (e.g., 130% or 150% of the dose prescription value), and these instructions can adapt to this situation by simultaneously allowing, for example, a sharp drop in dosing outside the target itself while allowing higher doses in the target volume.

[0047] At optional block 207, the process 200 may provide for automatically optimizing the radiation therapy plan using the stereotactic body radiation therapy planning modality described above, thereby providing a corresponding resulting optimized radiation therapy plan 113. At optional block 208, the process 200 may then administer therapeutic radiation according to the optimized radiation therapy plan 113 to the patient.

[0048] So configured, and as an illustrative example, a user who has set up his normal intent (including a prioritized list of clinical objectives) can start the automatic planning procedure. The treatment fields set for the plan can be read from the template, or can be automatically generated by a separate beam geometry optimization algorithm. When the beam geometry is automatically generated, the above-mentioned stereotactic body radiotherapy mode will change the behavior of the algorithm so that the generated beam geometry is suitable for high-fractionation dose usage. For the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) case, this can correspond to the number of fields generated. For the volume modulated arc therapy (VMAT) case, this can correspond to the length of the arc covered by the generated field. In lieu of the above or in combination with it, a suitable automatically generated beam geometry can include rotating (or otherwise moving) the patient support surface (such as a bed) about the radiation source in the stereotactic plan. The latter approach will allow the field / arc to enter the patient's body over a wider range, and may also improve dose drop, thereby reducing high doses to adjacent organs. In general, if desired, these teachings will adapt to changing all input field control point properties when the stereotactic body radiotherapy mode is selected.

[0049] Continuing with this example, the stereotactic body radiation therapy mode can change how the automated plan optimization algorithm performs even when other inputs remain constant. By setting additional targets and clinical objectives for a given input structure or for additional structures generated by the algorithm, at least some of the dose characteristics that constitute a good plan can be achieved. By one approach, these additional controls can be prioritized based on the given input objectives.

[0050] By one approach, the algorithm will emphasize the drop in dose relative to the target. This can include using so-called ring structures at, for example, 1 cm, 2 cm, 4 cm or similar distances outside the periphery of each target. The generated ring structures and corresponding dose targets will be different from those used in the standard segmentation case.

[0051] These teachings can also change how uniform the dose inside the target needs to be. In standard fractionation situations, the maximum dose inside the target is usually required to be less than 107% of the prescribed dose. However, in stereotactic body radiation therapy mode, the maximum dose is allowed to be higher (such as up to 120%, up to 130%, or up to 150%, etc.).

[0052] These and potentially other additional controls have different priorities in SBT mode compared to standard mode. In general, in SBT mode, the optimization algorithm targets low monitoring units and low leaf modulation. For example, such results can be achieved by using a strong flux smoothing objective for IMRT planning. For VMAT planning, this can be achieved by using a different initial leaf configuration starting point and a stronger objective to control adjacent leaf movement.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, changes and combinations may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and such modifications, changes and combinations should be considered to be within the scope of the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A method comprising: By the control circuit: presenting to a user an automated radiation therapy plan optimizer that provides pre-existing accuracy input parameters and that includes an opportunity to select a stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) planning mode; In response to a user selecting the SBRT planning mode, at least one of the pre-existing accuracy input parameters is automatically overwritten when automatically optimizing the radiation treatment plan.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein automatically overwriting at least one of the pre-existing accuracy input parameters comprises, at least in part: Automatically access alternative parameter sets.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the alternative parameter set comprises at least in part: A parameter corresponding to at least one of a sampling of the structural model and a dose calculation resolution.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the alternative parameter set comprises at least in part: Parameters corresponding to both the sampling of the structural model and the dose calculation resolution.

5. The method according to claim 2, 3 or 4, further comprising: The user is presented with an opportunity to modify at least one parameter in the alternative set of parameters.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the alternative parameter set comprises at least in part: A parameter corresponding to at least one of a treatment machine configuration parameter and a treatment limit parameter.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the alternative parameter set comprises at least in part: Parameters corresponding to both treatment machine configuration parameters and treatment limit parameters.

8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the treatment limiting parameters at least partially include a maximum dose rate limit and a maximum allowed monitoring unit limit.

9. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein when the automatic radiotherapy plan optimizer is configured to optimize radiation beam geometry, in response to a user selecting the SBRT plan mode, the optimization of the radiation beam geometry is automatically modified with respect to at least one of the number of fields generated, the length of the arc covered by the arc geometry, and the movement of the patient support surface.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: automatically optimizing a radiation therapy plan using the SBRT planning mode to provide an optimized radiation therapy plan; Therapeutic radiation is administered to the patient according to the optimized radiation therapy plan.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising: In response to a user selecting the SBRT planning mode, an optimization target when automatically optimizing the radiotherapy plan is automatically modified regarding at least one of a desired rate at which the radiation dose is dropped outside a target volume, a number of monitoring units used to generate an administered dose, and a desired uniformity of dose distribution inside a target volume.

12. An apparatus comprising: The control circuit is configured as follows: presenting to a user an automated radiation therapy plan optimizer that provides pre-existing accuracy input parameters and that includes an opportunity to select a stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) planning mode; In response to a user selecting the SBRT planning mode, at least one of the pre-existing accuracy input parameters is automatically overwritten when automatically optimizing the radiation treatment plan.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the control circuit is configured to automatically overwrite at least one of the pre-existing accuracy input parameters at least in part by automatically accessing an alternative parameter set.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the alternative parameter set comprises at least in part: A parameter corresponding to at least one of a sampling of the structural model and a dose calculation resolution.

15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the alternative parameter set comprises at least in part: Parameters corresponding to both the sampling of the structural model and the dose calculation resolution.

16. The apparatus of claim 13, 14 or 15, wherein the control circuit is further configured to: The user is presented with an opportunity to modify at least one parameter in the alternative set of parameters.

17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the alternative parameter set comprises at least in part: A parameter corresponding to at least one of a treatment machine configuration parameter and a treatment limit parameter.

18. The apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the alternative parameter set comprises at least in part: Parameters corresponding to both treatment machine configuration parameters and treatment limit parameters.

19. The apparatus of claim 17 or 18, wherein the treatment limiting parameters include at least in part: Maximum dose rate limit and maximum allowed monitoring unit limit.

20. An apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 19, wherein the control circuit is further configured to: when the automatic radiotherapy plan optimizer is configured to optimize radiation beam geometry, and in response to a user selecting the SBRT plan mode, automatically modify the optimization of the radiation beam geometry with respect to at least one of the number of fields generated, the length of the arc covered by the arc geometry, and the movement of the patient support surface.

21. The apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 20, wherein the control circuit is further configured to: automatically optimizing a radiation therapy plan using the SBRT planning mode to provide an optimized radiation therapy plan; Therapeutic radiation is administered to the patient according to the optimized radiation therapy plan.

Images