3-(4-nitrofuran-3-yloxymethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane. Using 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan and 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane as raw materials, the method involves heating in a solvent under alkaline conditions and with the aid of a phase transfer catalyst to obtain 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane through a one-step reaction. Subsequently, the product is reacted with an azide reagent at low temperature to obtain the target product, 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane. The product of this invention possesses excellent detonation performance and desensitizing properties, while also functioning as a liquid-phase carrier for cast explosives, a monomeric plasticizer, and a single-element explosive. It can also be polymerized for use as a structural energetic material or an energetic binder, demonstrating considerable application potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of insensitive energetic materials and relates to a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane. Background Technology

[0002] Since the beginning of the 21st century, the effectiveness of high-precision munitions in the war on terror has been evident. The relentless pursuit of improving the effectiveness of single-shot munitions, and the goal of destroying key enemy targets with a single shot regardless of cost, has become a major trend in the field of energetic materials. However, practical experience shows that in a true all-out war, even if all munitions used are high-precision, an astonishing quantity of ammunition is required to completely destroy key targets. The consumption of these increasingly specialized munitions is difficult to replenish in a short period. To address this problem, modular energetic materials have emerged.

[0003] Modular energetic materials are energetic materials that can be mass-produced and manufactured in series based on standardization. They can be combined with other units through different processing methods to form products with relatively independent functions, and are decomposable, recombinable, and interchangeable. They can be given a wide range of applications through reasonable structural design to meet the needs of different weapon systems, and can also achieve mass production and large-scale production through standardized methods, making them one of the main future development directions in the field of energetic materials. Research on the design, customization, and synthesis of modular energetic materials has recently received considerable attention.

[0004] Oxacyclobutane, as a saturated four-membered ring ether monomer with dual active sites, can simultaneously load two energetic groups to form a polymer backbone, representing an important branch of energetic polymers with broad application prospects. Furazan compounds differ from traditional energetic compounds. Firstly, their molecular structure contains numerous CN, C=N, and N=N bonds, resulting in a high enthalpy of formation. Furthermore, the aromaticity of the furazan ring enhances the thermal stability of furazan derivatives, and the coplanarity of the furazan ring contributes to their high density. Secondly, due to the high electronegativity of nitrogen and oxygen atoms, furazan compounds' nitrogen-heteroaromatic ring system can form benzene-like large π bonds, exhibiting insensitive and thermally stable properties. Therefore, many furazan energetic derivatives possess high energy density and high standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH). f It possesses advantages such as high nitrogen content and excellent heat resistance. The excellent mechanical properties of oxocyclic butane polymers and the stable furazanyl energetic group are well-suited to the application requirements of modular energetic materials. For example, in "Furazanyl Ethers of Pentaerythritol Derivatives" (Int Annu Conf ICT 28),... thA method for preparing 3,3-bis(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)oxetane was disclosed in 1997, 127:176356. This energetic monomer contains a furazan group and an oxetane monomer, exhibiting high energy density and showing promise as a precursor for multifunctional modular energetic materials. However, the oxetane ring carries two large side groups symmetrically distributed, leading to a sharp increase in monomer crystallization tendency and severely affecting subsequent polymerization processes, resulting in the inability to obtain polymers that meet application standards and hindering practical application. Therefore, designing an energetic furazan-substituted oxetane compound that retains the high-energy insensitivity of 3,3-bis(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)oxetane while overcoming the performance defects caused by its highly symmetrical structure has considerable application potential. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane. This novel multifunctional insensitive energetic material possesses excellent detonation performance and insensitive properties, while also functioning as a liquid carrier for cast explosives, a monomer plasticizer, and a single-element explosive. It can also be polymerized for use as a structural energetic material or an energetic binder.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The preparation method of 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan, 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane, a basic donor and a phase transfer catalyst are added to a polar aprotic solvent and stirred at 45-85°C for 0.5-2 hours. Then, the mixture is extracted, washed with water, dried, filtered, the solvent is evaporated and recrystallized to obtain the intermediate 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane.

[0009] Step 2: The intermediate 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane obtained in Step 1 and the azide reagent are added to a polar aprotic solvent and stirred in an ice-water bath for 0.5-2 hours. Then, after extraction, washing with water, drying, filtration, and evaporation of the solvent, 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane is obtained.

[0010] The present invention also includes the following technical features:

[0011] Specifically, the alkaline donor is anhydrous potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, or ferric hydroxide.

[0012] Specifically, the phase transfer catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide, benzyltriethylammonium chloride, methyltrialkylammonium chloride, or 18-crown ether-6.

[0013] Specifically, the molar ratio of 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane, 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan, basic donor, and phase transfer catalyst is 1:(0.67-1.25):(1.25-3):(0.013-0.04).

[0014] Specifically, the azide reagent is sodium azide, trimethyl azidosilane, p-toluenesulfonyl azide, ethyl azide, tetrabutylammonium azide, or tri-n-butyltin azide.

[0015] Specifically, the molar ratio of the intermediate 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane to the azide reagent is 1:(0.8-1.5).

[0016] Specifically, the polar aprotic solvent is DMF, MeCN, Acetone, or DMSO.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0018] 1. This invention uses readily available 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan and commercially available 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane as raw materials. 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane is obtained by heating in a solvent under an inexpensive and environmentally friendly alkaline system. Then, an azide reaction is carried out in an ice-water bath to obtain 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane. This method has the advantages of readily available raw materials, mild reaction conditions, safety, and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, the reaction steps are simple, allowing for continuous operation and facilitating industrial-scale continuous production.

[0019] 2. The 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane obtained by the method of this invention retains the high-energy characteristics of 3,3-bis(azidomethyl)oxetane while overcoming the sensitivity defects caused by the introduction of energetic groups (friction sensitivity increased from 4N to 200N, impact sensitivity increased from 0.49J to 40J, reaching the standard of insensitive energetic materials). At the same time, its oxygen balance (increased from -123.8% to -81.25%) and thermal decomposition temperature (increased from 160℃ to 252℃) are also significantly improved. The product exists in a liquid state at room temperature, and subsequent polymerization tests show that its polymer has better mechanical properties.

[0020] 3. The 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane obtained by the method of the present invention introduces multiple energetic groups into the same energetic monomer through molecular structure design, which can significantly improve the compatibility of the adhesive and make it more conducive to practical applications. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The 1H NMR spectrum of 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane;

[0022] Figure 2 The carbon NMR spectrum of 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane;

[0023] Figure 3 The FTIR spectrum of 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane;

[0024] Figure 4 High-resolution mass spectrum of 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane;

[0025] Figure 5 The DSC diagram for 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This invention provides a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane. Using 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan and 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane as raw materials, the method involves heating in a solvent under alkaline conditions and with a phase transfer catalyst to obtain 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane in a one-step reaction. Then, the product 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane is obtained by reacting it with an equimolar ratio of an azide reagent at low temperature. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan, 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane, a basic donor and a phase transfer catalyst are added to a polar aprotic solvent and stirred at 45-85°C for 0.5-2 hours. Then, the mixture is extracted, washed with water, dried, filtered, the solvent is evaporated and recrystallized to obtain the intermediate 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane.

[0030] Specifically, in step 1:

[0031] The alkaline donors are anhydrous potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, or ferric hydroxide.

[0032] The phase transfer catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide, benzyltriethylammonium chloride, methyltrialkylammonium chloride or 18-crown ether-6.

[0033] Preferably, the molar ratio of 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane, 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan, basic donor, and phase transfer catalyst is 1:(0.67-1.25):(1.25-3):(0.013-0.04).

[0034] Step 2: The intermediate 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane obtained in Step 1 and the azide reagent are added to a polar aprotic solvent and stirred in an ice-water bath for 0.5-2 hours. Then, after extraction, washing with water, drying, filtration, and evaporation of the solvent, 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane is obtained.

[0035] Specifically, in step 2, the azide reagent is sodium azide, trimethyl azidosilane, p-toluenesulfonyl azide, ethyl azide, tetrabutylammonium azide, or tri-n-butyltin azide.

[0036] Preferably, the molar ratio of the intermediate 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane to the azide reagent is 1:(0.8-1.5).

[0037] The aforementioned polar aprotic solvents are DMF, MeCN, Acetone, or DMSO.

[0038] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan (1.31 g, 0.01 mol), 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane (2.44 g, 0.01 mol), anhydrous potassium carbonate (2.82 g, 0.015 mol), and phase transfer catalyst 18-crown ether-6 (0.05 g, 0.0002 mol) were added to dimethylformamide DMF (30 ml) at room temperature and stirred thoroughly. The mixture was reacted at 65 °C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, water and dichloromethane were added for extraction. The mixture was then washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The mixture was recrystallized to obtain white crystals (2.3 g, yield 83.5%) as an intermediate.

[0042] Step 2: Add the intermediate obtained in Step 1 (1.39 g, 0.005 mol) and sodium azide (0.39 g, 0.006 mol) to 3 ml of DMF, stir and react for 2 h in an ice-water bath, then extract with ethyl acetate, wash with water, dry, filter, and suspend and evaporate to obtain the target product as a yellow oil (1.22 g, yield 96%).

[0043] Structural assessment:

[0044] (1) Carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis

[0045] The obtained oily product was analyzed by carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as follows: Figure 2 As shown, compared with the intermediate 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane, the characteristic peaks of 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane at 158.79 ppm and 152.79 ppm did not shift, and the peak shape still maintained the high-low peak pattern characteristic of nitrofurazan, indicating that the furazan nitro group still exists. The characteristic peaks of methyloxetane at 74.94 ppm, 74.15 ppm, and 43.37 ppm did not change much, shifting to 74.28 ppm, 74.14 ppm, and 42.76 ppm respectively, indicating that the main body of methyloxetane did not change. Correspondingly, the carbon spectrum peak of bromomethyl at 36.44 ppm shifted to a lower field to 52.65 ppm, indicating that bromomethyl was converted into the more electronegative (weaker shielding effect) azidomethyl group. The proton spectrum is as follows. Figure 1 As shown, the area obtained by integrating the corresponding peaks is 1:2:1, which also confirms the successful synthesis of 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane.

[0046] (2) Infrared spectral analysis

[0047] The obtained spectrum is compared with that of the intermediate 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane, for example Figure 3 As shown, it is located at 835cm. -1The characteristic peak of 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane is still present, indicating that the oxetane structure still exists in the pure monomer; located at 1624 cm⁻¹ -1 The nitro infrared absorption peak at 2100 cm⁻¹ still exists, indicating that the product still contains nitro groups; while the nitro infrared absorption peak at 2100 cm⁻¹ still exists. -1 With 2150cm -1 The appearance of the characteristic absorption peak of the azido group indicates the successful synthesis of 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane.

[0048] (3) High-resolution mass spectrometry analysis

[0049] The resulting pale yellow liquid was analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the highest peak in the obtained spectrum (257.06735) is completely consistent with the predicted molecular weight of the hydrogenated structure (257.0634), indicating the successful synthesis of 3,3-bis(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)oxetane.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan (1.05 g, 0.008 mol), 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane (2.44 g, 0.01 mol), anhydrous cesium carbonate (9.78 g, 0.03 mol), and phase transfer catalyst tetrabutylammonium bromide (0.13 g, 0.0004 mol) were added to DMSO (30 ml) at room temperature and stirred thoroughly. The mixture was reacted at 65 °C for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, water and dichloromethane were added for extraction. The mixture was then washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The mixture was recrystallized to obtain white crystals (2.0 g, yield 72.6%) as an intermediate.

[0053] Step 2: Add the intermediate obtained in Step 1 (2.0 g, 0.0068 mol) and sodium azide (0.65 g, 0.01 mol) to 3 ml of DMF, stir and react for 0.5 h in an ice-water bath, then extract with ethyl acetate, wash with water, dry, filter, and suspend and evaporate to obtain the target product as a yellow oil (1.63 g, yield 94%).

[0054] Example 3:

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyfuran (1.31 g, 0.01 mol), 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane (3.66 g, 0.015 mol), ferric hydroxide (3.21 g, 0.03 mol), and the phase transfer catalyst benzyltriethylammonium chloride (0.046 g, 0.0002 mol) were added to dimethylformamide DMF (30 ml) at room temperature and stirred thoroughly. The mixture was reacted at 65 °C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, water and dichloromethane were added for extraction. The mixture was then washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The mixture was recrystallized to obtain white crystals (1.78 g, yield 64.5%) as an intermediate.

[0057] Step 2: Add the intermediate obtained in Step 1 (1.78 g, 0.0064 mol) and sodium azide (0.78 g, 0.012 mol) to 3 ml of DMSO, stir and react for 2 h in an ice-water bath, then extract with ethyl acetate, wash with water, dry, filter, and suspend and evaporate to obtain the target product as a yellow oil (1.39 g, yield 85%).

[0058] Example 4:

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan (1.31 g, 0.01 mol), 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane (2.44 g, 0.01 mol), anhydrous potassium carbonate (2.82 g, 0.015 mol), and phase transfer catalyst methyltrialkylammonium chloride (0.08 g, 0.0002 mol) were added to Acetone (30 ml) at room temperature and stirred thoroughly. The mixture was reacted at 45 °C for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, water and dichloromethane were added for extraction. The mixture was then washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The mixture was recrystallized to obtain white crystals (1.14 g, yield 42.0%) as an intermediate.

[0061] Step 2: Add the intermediate obtained in Step 1 (1.14 g, 0.0042 mol) and p-toluenesulfonyl azide (1.18 g, 0.006 mol) to 3 ml of DMF, stir the reaction in an ice-water bath for 0.5 h, then extract with ethyl acetate, wash with water, dry, filter, and suspend in evaporation to obtain the target product as a yellow oil (1.00 g, yield 93%).

[0062] Example 5:

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane, comprising the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan (1.31 g, 0.01 mol), 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane (2.44 g, 0.01 mol), ferric hydroxide (1.60 g, 0.015 mol), and phase transfer catalyst 18-crown ether-6 (0.05 g, 0.0002 mol) were added to MeCN (30 ml) at room temperature and stirred thoroughly. The mixture was reacted at 65 °C for 0.5 h. After the reaction was completed, water and dichloromethane were added for extraction. The mixture was then washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The mixture was recrystallized to obtain white crystals (1.8 g, yield 64.5%) as an intermediate.

[0065] Step 2: Add the intermediate obtained in Step 1 (1.8 g, 0.0065 mol) and azidotrimethylsilane (1.49 g, 0.013 mol) to 3 ml of DMF, stir the reaction in an ice-water bath for 2 h, then extract with ethyl acetate, wash with water, dry, filter, and suspend in evaporation to obtain the target product as a yellow oil (1.60 g, yield 96%).

[0066] Example 6:

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan (1.31 g, 0.01 mol), 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane (1.96 g, 0.008 mol), anhydrous potassium carbonate (2.82 g, 0.015 mol), and phase transfer catalyst 18-crown ether-6 (0.05 g, 0.0002 mol) were added to DMSO (30 ml) at room temperature and stirred thoroughly. The mixture was reacted at 65 °C for 1.5 h. After the reaction was completed, water and dichloromethane were added for extraction. The mixture was then washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The mixture was recrystallized to obtain white crystals (1.78 g, yield 64.6%) as an intermediate.

[0069] Step 2: Add the intermediate obtained in Step 1 (1.78 g, 0.0064 mol) and sodium azide (0.78 g, 0.012 mol) to 3 ml of DMF, stir and react for 2 h in an ice-water bath, then extract with ethyl acetate, wash with water, dry, filter, and suspend and evaporate to obtain the target product as a yellow oil (1.20 g, yield 95%).

[0070] Example 7:

[0071] This embodiment provides a method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan (1.31 g, 0.01 mol), 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane (2.93 g, 0.012 mol), anhydrous potassium carbonate (2.82 g, 0.015 mol), and phase transfer catalyst 18-crown ether-6 (0.13 g, 0.0005 mol) were added to dimethylformamide DMF (30 ml) at room temperature and stirred thoroughly. The mixture was reacted at 85 °C for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, water and dichloromethane were added for extraction. The mixture was then washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The mixture was recrystallized to obtain white crystals (2.0 g, yield 77.7%) as an intermediate.

[0073] Step 2: Add the intermediate obtained in Step 1 (2.0 g, 0.0077 mol) and tri-n-butyltin azide (4.0 g, 0.012 mol) to 3 ml of DMSO, stir and react for 2 h in an ice-water bath, then extract with ethyl acetate, wash with water, dry, filter, and suspend and evaporate to obtain the target product as a yellow oil (1.46 g, yield 74%).

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown in Table 1, the introduction of nitrofurans onto oxacyclobutane in this invention significantly improves key parameters of energetic materials such as density, detonation performance, stability, and oxygen balance. At the same time, it can overcome the performance defects caused by the highly symmetrical structure, and has considerable application prospects.

[0075] Table 1. Comparison of density, detonation velocity, and sensitivity of 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane and BAMO

[0076]

Claims

A method for preparing 1,3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan, 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane, a basic donor and a phase transfer catalyst are added to a polar aprotic solvent and stirred at 45-85°C for 0.5-2 h. Then, the mixture is extracted, washed with water, dried, filtered, the solvent is evaporated and recrystallized to obtain the intermediate 3-(4-nitrofurazan-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane. Step 2: The intermediate 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane obtained in Step 1 and the azide reagent are added to a polar aprotic solvent and stirred in an ice-water bath for 0.5-2 h. Then, after extraction, washing with water, drying, filtration, and evaporation of the solvent, 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane is obtained. The alkaline donor is anhydrous potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, or ferric hydroxide.

2. The method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The phase transfer catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide, benzyltriethylammonium chloride, methyltrialkylammonium chloride, or 18-crown ether-6.

3. The method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of 3,3-dibromomethyloxetane, 3-nitro-4-hydroxyfurazan, basic donor, and phase transfer catalyst is 1:(0.67~1.25):(1.25~3):(0.013~0.04).

4. The method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The azide reagent is sodium azide, trimethyl azidosilane, p-toluenesulfonyl azide, ethyl azide, tetrabutylammonium azide, or tri-n-butyltin azide.

5. The method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the intermediate 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-bromomethyloxetane to the azidating agent is 1:(0.8~1.5).

6. The method for preparing 3-(4-nitrofuran-3-oxomethyl)-3-azidomethyloxetane as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polar aprotic solvent is DMF, MeCN, Acetone, or DMSO.

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