An anti-puncture and anti-tear hydrogel and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an anti-puncture and anti-tear hydrogel and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of gels. The application reduces the spacing between crosslinking points of the gel, increases the crosslinking point density, simultaneously improves the rigidity, strength and toughness of the gel, and makes the prepared gel have good anti-puncture and anti-tear performance, reduces damage of the gel caused by tearing and puncture in daily use, and prolongs the daily use life of the gel material. The application proposes a method for constructing a gel with proper strength and high-density hydrophobic aggregation area, first constructs the hydrophobic aggregation area with proper strength in the gel through monomer selection, and then uses the salting-out effect of the Hofmeister effect to make the hydrophilic chain segments in the gel shrink, so as to reduce the spacing between the hydrophobic associations and increase the density of the hydrophobic associations with proper strength, thereby successfully constructing the hydrophobic aggregation area with proper strength and high density in the gel network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gel technology, specifically relating to a puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogel materials have attracted widespread attention due to their unique structure. With the continuous development of gel materials in recent years, their "soft and weak" mechanical properties have been significantly improved. However, achieving a combination of high stiffness, high strength, and high toughness remains key to the widespread application of gels as load-bearing materials. The unique high water content and low polymer density of gels make them prone to cracking and propagation under stress, manifesting as tearing and puncture leading to failure in everyday use. Therefore, achieving puncture and tear resistance in gels is of great significance in their daily applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0004] This invention improves the stiffness, strength, and toughness of the gel by changing its microstructure, giving it excellent puncture and tear resistance. This solves the problem that existing gels are easily damaged in daily life, leading to gel material failure.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for preparing a puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, including:

[0008] Hydrophilic monomers, hydrophobic monomers, crosslinking agents, and initiators are dissolved in an organic solvent. After thorough stirring and dissolution, the solution is deoxygenated under vacuum in liquid nitrogen. The solution is then transferred and injected into a mold for polymerization to obtain an organic gel.

[0009] After polymerization, the gel is cut and soaked in water for solvent exchange until equilibrium is reached to obtain the hydrogel precursor. The hydrogel precursor is then soaked in salt solutions of different concentrations for 12 to 72 hours to obtain the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel.

[0010] The salt solution includes one or more of sodium sulfate solution, potassium sulfate solution, zinc sulfate solution, and sodium chloride solution.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel of the present invention, the hydrophobic monomer includes one or more of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate isopropyl carbamate, phenyl methacrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel of the present invention, the hydrophilic monomer includes one or more of acrylamide, acrylic acid, N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide, and methacrylic acid sulfobetaine.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel of the present invention, the crosslinking agent includes one or more of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate; the initiator is one of photoinitiators or thermal initiators, including one or more of 2,2'-azo (2-methylpropionitrile), potassium persulfate, and benzoyl peroxide.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel of the present invention, the organic solvent includes one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel of the present invention, the molar ratio of the hydrophobic monomer and the hydrophilic monomer is 1:0 to 2.5.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel of the present invention, the polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 50-80°C for 6-24 hours.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel of the present invention, the hydrogel is soaked in water for 3 days, with the water changed once every 8 hours on the first day and once every 12 hours thereafter.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel of the present invention, the concentration of the salt solution is 0.5–3.3 mol / L.

[0019] Another objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel.

[0020] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0021] This invention reduces the spacing between crosslinking points in the gel by salt immersion treatment, increases the density of crosslinking points, and simultaneously increases the strength of crosslinking points. This achieves a simultaneous improvement in the stiffness, strength, and toughness of the gel, resulting in a gel with good puncture and tear resistance. This reduces damage caused by tearing and puncture during daily use and extends the daily service life of the gel material.

[0022] This invention proposes a method for constructing a gel with appropriate strength and high density of hydrophobic aggregates. First, hydrophobic aggregates with appropriate strength are constructed in the gel through monomer selection. Then, the Hofmeister effect causes the hydrophilic segments in the gel to shrink, thereby reducing the spacing between hydrophobic associations and increasing the density of hydrophobic associations with appropriate strength. Thus, a hydrophobic aggregate with appropriate strength and high density is successfully constructed in the gel network. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 Stress-strain curves of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations with a hydrophilic-hydrophobic monomer ratio of 1:1.5 were used to test the tensile properties of the gels.

[0025] Figure 2 Puncture force value-load displacement diagram of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations when the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers is 1:1.5.

[0026] Figure 3 A statistical graph showing the maximum puncture force and puncture energy of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations when the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers is 1:1.5.

[0027] Figure 4 Force-displacement curves for testing the tear resistance of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations when the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers is 1:1.5.

[0028] Figure 5 Tear resistance test statistical graph of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations when the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers is 1:1.5.

[0029] Figure 6 Stress-strain curves of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations with a hydrophilic-hydrophobic monomer ratio of 1:1 are used to test the tensile properties.

[0030] Figure 7 Stress-strain curves of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations with a hydrophilic-hydrophobic monomer ratio of 1:2.

[0031] Figure 8 The stress-strain curve is shown in Comparative Example 4 of this invention for testing the tensile properties of polyacrylamide gel.

[0032] Figure 9 Stress-strain curves of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations when the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers is 1:1.5 and the salt is zinc sulfate are used.

[0033] Figure 10 Stress-strain curves of gels prepared by soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations when the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers is 1:1 are obtained. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples in the specification.

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in this invention are commercially available.

[0038] The abbreviations for each substance are as follows:

[0039] 2-Aminoethyl methacrylate isopropyl carbamate (IMA), N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA), acrylamide (AAM), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 2,2'-azo (2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN), butyl acrylate (BMA).

[0040] The materials obtained in the embodiments of the present invention were subjected to performance testing according to the following method:

[0041] Tensile testing: Uniaxial tensile tests were performed using a general-purpose tensile testing machine (Suns MODUTM 4202) with a load sensor of 50 N. Long strip-shaped gel samples (25 mm × 6 mm × 1 mm, length × width × thickness) were used, and the tensile rate was 10 mm / min. Stress (σ) was defined as the applied force divided by the original cross-sectional area, and strain (ε) was defined as the change in length during tension or compression divided by the initial specification length of the specimen. Toughness was calculated by integrating the area under the stress-strain curve.

[0042] Puncture Resistance Test: ASTM F3007 was used as the reference for the puncture test setup in this study. Puncture tests were performed using an Instron 5969 universal testing machine. A square hydrogel sample (40mm × 40mm × 0.8mm, length × width × thickness) was fixed between two steel rings. The sample was then slowly pierced through a loading arm with a spherical tip (stainless steel, radius 4mm) at a quasi-static velocity of 10 μm / s until sample failure. Puncture force (F) and puncture displacement (D) were measured during the test, and the puncture energy (E) was determined by integrating the area under the puncture force-displacement curve.

[0043] Tear resistance test: Tear tests were performed using a general-purpose tensile testing machine (Suns MODU™ 4202), evaluating the tear energy of the sample through a typical trouser tear test. The gel sample was cut into rectangles 50 mm long, with an initial slit of 20 mm and a width of 15 mm. The sample was clamped at both arms and then subjected to a 10 mm min... -1 The upper arm is pulled upwards at a constant speed. The tearing force F and displacement are recorded. The tearing energy T is calculated using the equation T = 2F / w, where w is the thickness of the sample.

[0044] All tests were conducted in a humid environment to prevent moisture from evaporating from the samples. All tests were performed at room temperature and repeated three times.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel, specifically as follows:

[0047] 3.50 g IMA, 1.75 g AAM, 126 mg MBAA, and 20 mg AIBN were dissolved in 26.4 mL DMSO / H2O (10 / 1, v / v). After thorough dissolution at room temperature, the solution was deoxygenated under vacuum in liquid nitrogen. The solution was then transferred into a rectangular glass mold and polymerized at 60 °C for 10 h to obtain an organogel.

[0048] After polymerization, the gel was cut into dumbbell shapes using a cutter and immersed in a large amount of water for solvent exchange until equilibrium was reached. During the soaking period, the water was changed every 8 hours on the first day and every 12 hours thereafter, for a total of 3 days, resulting in a pre-prepared hydrogel. The pre-prepared hydrogel was then immersed in a 3.3 mol / L sodium sulfate solution for 48 hours to obtain a puncture-resistant and tear-resistant hydrogel (the molar ratio of hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers, i.e., IMA:AAM, was 1:1.5).

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the concentration of the salt solution (sodium sulfate solution) is adjusted to 0.5 mol / L, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 1, and a hydrogel is obtained.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the concentration of the salt solution (sodium sulfate solution) is adjusted to 1 mol / L, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 1, and a hydrogel is obtained.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the concentration of the salt solution (sodium sulfate solution) is adjusted to 1.5 mol / L, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 1, and a hydrogel is obtained.

[0055] Example 5

[0056] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the concentration of the salt solution (sodium sulfate solution) is adjusted to 2 mol / L, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 1, and a hydrogel is obtained.

[0057] Example 6

[0058] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the concentration of the salt solution (sodium sulfate solution) is adjusted to 2.5 mol / L, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 1, and a hydrogel is obtained.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the concentration of the salt solution (sodium sulfate solution) was adjusted to 0 mol / L, while the rest of the preparation process was the same as in Example 1, and a hydrogel was obtained.

[0061] Figures 1-5 The figure shows the test results of the tensile properties, puncture resistance and tear resistance of the gel after soaking in salt solutions of different concentrations when the ratio of hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers in the example is 1:1.5. As can be seen from the figure, the performance of the gel is improved after soaking in different concentrations of salt solutions. Figure 1The tensile properties results demonstrate that the stiffness, strength, and toughness of the gel are all improved with increasing immersion concentration, proving that we have prepared a series of gel materials with good uniform stiffness, strength, and toughness through salt immersion. Figure 2 , Figure 3 We tested the puncture resistance of the gel, and the maximum puncture force and puncture energy of the gel were improved after soaking in salt, proving that the gel has good puncture resistance. Figure 4 , Figure 5 The tear resistance of the gel was tested, and the results showed that the gel has good tear resistance. When the concentration of sodium sulfate solution is greater than 3.3 mol / L, the sodium sulfate cannot be completely dissolved, and the preparation of the hydrogel fails.

[0062] The materials prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, and the comparison results with those of Example 1 are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065] As can be seen from the table above, adjusting the concentration of the soaking salt has a significant impact on the hydrogel properties. This is because when "salting out" ions are added, the strong hygroscopicity of the ions causes water molecules to be expelled from the hydrophilic segments. This enhances the stability of the hydrogen bonds between the hydrophilic segments, leading to the shrinkage of the polymer network. The shrinkage of the hydrophilic segments pulls the hydrophobic aggregates closer together, resulting in an increase in the number density of hydrophobic aggregates. At the same time, the salting out effect also increases the interaction force between hydrophobic groups, which in turn increases the interaction force between segments within the aggregate points. The strength of the hydrophobic aggregate crosslinking points is enhanced, thereby improving the overall mechanical properties and tear and puncture resistance of the gel. In summary, the best technical effect is obtained when the salt concentration is 3.3 mol / L.

[0066] Examples 7-12, Comparative Example 2

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the hydrophilic monomer to the hydrophobic monomer is adjusted to 1:1. All other preparation processes are the same as in the corresponding examples to obtain the hydrogel. Specifically, 0.993g IMA, 0.327g AAM, 28.4mg MBAA, and 4.5mg AIBN are dissolved in 6.6mL DMSO / H2O (10 / 1, v / v).

[0068] The materials prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0069] Table 2

[0070] Stress (MPa) Modulus (MPa) <![CDATA[Toughness (MJ / m 3 )]]> Example 7 ------ ------- -------- Example 8 6.06 118 9.73 Example 9 7.74 122 7.66 Example 10 9.02 179 2.84 Example 11 9.11 186 4.31 Example 12 19.97 213 2.14 Comparative Example 2 6.19 48 15.79

[0071] As can be seen from the table above, adjusting the concentration of soaking salt has a significant effect on the hydrogel properties. This is due to the salting-out effect. The results are consistent with the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers of 1:1.5. However, in the 1:1 ratio, the hydrophobic monomer content is relatively large, resulting in larger hydrophobic aggregation and excessive aggregation strength. This makes the gel too brittle to measure when the soaking concentration is 3.3 mol / L.

[0072] Examples 13-18, Comparative Example 3

[0073] The difference between this embodiment and Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the hydrophilic monomer to the hydrophobic monomer is adjusted to 1:2. All other preparation processes are the same as in the corresponding examples to obtain the hydrogel. Specifically, 0.795g IMA, 0.525g AAM, 34mg MBAA, and 5.4mg AIBN are dissolved in 6.6mL DMSO / H2O (10 / 1, v / v).

[0074] The materials prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0075] Table 3

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] As can be seen from the table above, adjusting the concentration of soaking salt has a significant effect on the hydrogel properties. This is due to the salting-out effect. The results are consistent with the hydrophilic-hydrophobic monomer ratio of 1:1.5. However, in the 1:2 ratio, the hydrophobic monomer content is lower, resulting in less hydrophobic aggregation. Consequently, the strength and modulus of the gel are slightly lower than those of the gel when the hydrophilic-hydrophobic monomer ratio is 1:1.5.

[0079] Figure 6 , Figure 7 The tensile properties of the gels with hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomer ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 are shown in the test charts, demonstrating that they have good mechanical properties.

[0080] As can be seen from the above, adjusting the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers in the hydrogel has a significant impact on its properties. This is because the introduction of PAAm segments after adding the hydrophilic monomer AAm reduces the rigidity of the copolymer chain, weakens the hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions of the polymer, and thus improves the toughness of the gel through an effective energy dissipation structure, enabling the hydrogel to withstand large loads. Simultaneously, the increase in the number and density of crosslinks in the hydrophobic aggregates offsets the decrease in modulus and fracture stress, resulting in a slower rate of decline. With further increases in AAm content, the copolymer chains become more compliant, leading to smaller and weaker hydrophobic crosslinks, thereby significantly weakening the mechanical properties of the hydrogel. Based on these results, the optimal technical effect is achieved when the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic monomers in the hydrogel of this invention is 1:1.5.

[0081] Examples 19-24

[0082] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the type of salt solution is changed to zinc sulfate, while the rest of the preparation process is the same as in Example 1, and a hydrogel is obtained.

[0083] The materials prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0084] Table 4

[0085] Stress (MPa) Modulus (MPa) <![CDATA[Toughness (MJ / m 3 )]]> Example 19 3.51 10.28 7.69 Example 20 4.85 11.27 11.38 Example 21 5.41 14.80 12.96 Example 22 6.14 52.45 13.56 Example 23 8.08 80.09 16.07 Example 24 10.14 95.78 9.48

[0086] As can be seen from the table above, adjusting the type of soaking salt has a significant impact on the hydrogel properties. This is because, at the same salt concentration, the concentration of zinc ions is half that of sodium ions, resulting in a weaker salting-out effect compared to sodium sulfate. Based on the above results, the best technical effect is achieved when sodium sulfate is used as the soaking salt in this invention.

[0087] Examples 25-30, Comparative Example 4

[0088] The difference between this embodiment and Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 is that the molar ratio of the hydrophilic monomer to the hydrophobic monomer is adjusted to 1:1, and the hydrophobic monomer is BMA. The remaining preparation process is the same as the corresponding embodiments, yielding a hydrogel. Specifically, 0.654 g BMA, 0.327 g AAM, 28.4 mg MBAA, and 4.5 mg AIBN- are dissolved in 6.6 mL of DMSO / H2O (10 / 1, v / v). The sodium sulfate concentrations for soaking in Examples 25-30 and Comparative Example 4 are (0 mol / L, 0.5 mol / L, 1 mol / L, 1.5 mol / L, 2 mol / L, 2.5 mol / L, and 3.3 mol / L), respectively.

[0089] The materials prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0090] Table 5

[0091] Stress (MPa) Modulus (MPa) Toughness (MJ / m3) Example 25 0.122 0.221 0.099 Example 26 0.192 0.262 0.187 Example 27 0.350 0.860 0.422 Example 28 0.718 2.990 0.978 Example 29 0.767 5.686 1.449 Example 30 1.034 9.339 2.161 Comparative Example 4 0.054 0.125 0.027

[0092] As can be seen from the table above, adjusting the type of hydrophobic monomer has a significant impact on the hydrogel properties. This is because when the hydrophobic monomer is butyl acrylate, the hydrophobicity of the butyl group is much smaller than that of IMA and it does not have hydrogen bonding, resulting in a lower strength of hydrophobic aggregation than IMA and lower mechanical properties than gels with IMA as the hydrophobic monomer. Based on the above results, the best technical effect is obtained when the type of hydrophobic monomer is IMA in this invention.

[0093] Comparative Example 5

[0094] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a hydrogel, specifically as follows:

[0095] 4.26 g of acrylamide, 184.8 mg of 1,4N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 29.52 mg of 2,2'-azo (2-methylpropionitrile) were dissolved in 10 ml of water and stirred thoroughly at room temperature. The solution was then deoxygenated under vacuum in liquid nitrogen. The solution was then transferred into a rectangular glass mold and polymerized at 60 °C for 10 h to obtain a hydrogel.

[0096] Figure 8 The stress-strain curve of the tensile properties test of polyacrylamide gel shows that the elongation at break and the tensile strength of the gel are much lower than those of the standard gel, indicating that the method of the present invention can prepare an ultra-hard and tough gel, solving the problem that existing gels are easily damaged in daily life, leading to gel material failure.

[0097] Comparative Example 6

[0098] Weigh out 1.75g ​​of sodium chloride and 1g of sodium alginate in a mass ratio of 1.75:1, and set aside. Dissolve the sodium chloride in deionized water to prepare a 3.6% sodium chloride solution. Dissolve the sodium alginate powder in the sodium chloride solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain a 2wt% sodium alginate solution. Let the solution stand for 12 hours to form a supramolecular fiber network. Add 16g of acrylamide, 0.0096g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.016g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.04g of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine to the supramolecular fiber network after standing. Stir until homogeneous, let stand at room temperature for 0.5 hours, and then react at 50°C for 3 hours to obtain a sodium alginate-acrylamide dual-network hydrogel.

[0099] The performance of the materials prepared in the above comparative example was tested, and the results compared with those of Example 1 are shown in Table 6.

[0100] Table 6

[0101] Stress (MPa) Modulus (MPa) <![CDATA[Toughness (MJ / m 3 )]]> Example 1 12.74 255.05 16.00 Comparative Example 5 0.10 0.20 0.05 Comparative Example 6 0.65 ----- 4.77

[0102] As can be seen from the table above, the gel prepared in this invention has the characteristics of being ultra-hard and highly strong.

[0103] In summary, this invention improves the stiffness, strength, and toughness of the gel by changing its microstructure, giving it excellent puncture and tear resistance, thus solving the problem of existing gels being easily damaged in daily life, leading to gel material failure.

[0104] This invention reduces the spacing between crosslinking points and increases the density of crosslinking points in the gel through salt immersion treatment, simultaneously improving the gel's stiffness, strength, and toughness. This results in a gel with excellent puncture and tear resistance, reducing damage caused by tearing and puncture during daily use and extending the gel material's lifespan. This invention also proposes a method for constructing gels with appropriate strength and high-density hydrophobic aggregates. First, hydrophobic aggregates of appropriate strength are constructed in the gel through monomer selection. Then, the Hofmeister effect (salting out) causes the hydrophilic segments in the gel to shrink, reducing the spacing between hydrophobic associations and increasing the density of appropriately strong hydrophobic associations. This successfully constructs appropriately strong, high-density hydrophobic aggregates within the gel network.

[0105] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of preparing an anti-puncture, anti-tear hydrogel, characterized by: Comprising, dissolving the hydrophilic monomer, the hydrophobic monomer, the crosslinking agent, and the initiator in an organic solvent, fully stirring and dissolving, removing oxygen in liquid nitrogen under vacuum, transferring the solution into a mold for polymerization to obtain an organic gel; The hydrophobic monomer includes one or more of 2-aminoethyl isopropyl methacrylate urethane, phenyl methacrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate. The hydrophilic monomer includes one or more of acrylamide, acrylic acid, N-(hydroxymethyl) acrylamide, and methacrylic acid sulfobetaine. The crosslinking agent includes one or more of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. The molar ratio of the hydrophobic monomer to the hydrophilic monomer is 1:0-2.5, wherein the molar ratio is not 0. After polymerization, the gel is cut and soaked in water for solvent exchange until equilibrium is reached to obtain a hydrogel precursor; the hydrogel precursor is sequentially soaked in different concentrations of salt solutions, and after soaking for 12-72 h, an anti-puncture and anti-tear hydrogel is obtained. The salt solution includes one or more of sodium sulfate solution, potassium sulfate solution, zinc sulfate solution, and sodium chloride solution, and the concentration of the salt solution is 0.5-3.3 mol / L.

2. The method of preparing an anti-puncture, anti-tear hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein: The initiator is one of a photoinitiator or a thermal initiator, and includes one or more of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), potassium persulfate, and dibenzoyl peroxide.

3. The method of preparing an anti-puncture, anti-tear hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein: The organic solvent includes one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

4. The method of preparing an anti-puncture, anti-tear hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein: The polymerization reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 50-80℃, and the reaction time is 6-24 h.

5. The method of preparing an anti-puncture, anti-tear hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein: The soaking in water, wherein the soaking time is 3 days, and the water is changed once every 8 h on the first day and once every 12 h thereafter.

6. The anti-puncture and anti-tear hydrogel prepared by the preparation method of claims 1-5.

Images