Diving bell for sealing bottom and leaking stoppage of vertical shaft

Abstract

The diving bell comprises a pressure chamber and a pre-pressing chamber, the pre-pressing chamber is installed above the pressure chamber and communicated with the pressure chamber through a channel, and the pressure chamber is of a cylinder structure with a cover at the top. A pressurization system, a slag suction system, a grouting system and a grease sealing system are arranged on the pressure cabin; the pressurization system and the slag suction system are both communicated with the interior of the pressure chamber, an outlet of the grouting system extends into the pressure chamber, and an outlet of the grease sealing system is arranged in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the pressure chamber. The diving bell has the advantages that the diving bell can form a closed space underwater, an operation space is provided for constructors, and underwater operation safety is guaranteed; the diving bell can automatically clean scum on the top surface of the bottom seal of the vertical shaft underwater; and the diving bell can be used for sealing bottom of the vertical shaft, grouting and leaking stoppage underwater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shaft construction, in particular to a diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft and plugging leaks. Background Art

[0002] my country's cities are developing rapidly, but in the process of decades of development, due to changes in development concepts at various stages, unreasonable urban planning, economic costs and population growth, urban space utilization and layout are unreasonable, and old and dilapidated buildings are being renovated. Urban development cannot meet people's needs, and urban renewal and transformation have become the future development trend. With the acceleration of urban renewal in my country, the problem of underground space utilization has become increasingly prominent. Major cities have built shaft garages to alleviate the problem of parking difficulties, underground storage pools to regulate flood disasters and water resource recycling, and shafts as underground energy storage and underground energy storage space. The shaft construction method is divided into manual excavation construction, semi-mechanical excavation construction and mechanical excavation construction. For strata with poor ground stability, submersible shaft boring machines are usually used for construction. During the construction process, the submersible shaft boring machine needs to be submerged underwater for construction as a whole, especially in water-rich strata, especially in coastal cities. After the shaft sinks to the designed depth, there is a large amount of formation water on the inner wall of the shaft. During shaft excavation, it is easy for a large amount of thick mud to exist on the inner side of the shaft wall at the bottom of the shaft, and pouring the bottom of the deep shaft can easily cause concrete segregation, resulting in water leakage at the bottom.

[0003] The use of drainage grouting to plug leaks in water-rich strata shafts will cause groundwater loss and deformation of the strata around the shaft, affecting the safety of the shaft and surrounding buildings. Water-rich deep shafts cannot drain the shaft water to form a deep shaft enclosed space, providing a working space for construction personnel to ensure underwater operation safety, and making it difficult to plug leaks by grouting the bottom of the underwater shaft; at the same time, the underwater silt in the shaft and the floating slurry on the upper bottom of the underwater cast shaft have a certain strength, and the shaft and the shaft water depth are large and difficult to clean, affecting the subsequent grouting plugging operation and plugging effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft and plugging leaks in accordance with the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The diving bell consists of a pressure chamber, a pre-pressure chamber and a channel. The pressure chamber is a cylindrical structure with a cover on the top. A pressurization system, a slag suction system, a grouting system and a grease sealing system are provided on the pressure chamber. The slag suction system can automatically clean the slag on the top surface of the bottom of the shaft underwater. The pressurization system and the grease sealing system can form a closed space underwater to provide a working space for construction personnel and ensure the safety of underwater operations. The grouting system can perform grouting and plugging of leaks in the bottom of the shaft underwater.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a vertical shaft and plugging leaks, the diving bell comprising a pressure chamber and a pre-pressure chamber, the pre-pressure chamber being installed above the pressure chamber and connected to the pressure chamber through a channel, the pressure chamber being a cylindrical structure with a cover on the top, the pressure chamber being provided with a pressurizing system, a slag suction system, a grouting system and a grease sealing system; the pressurizing system and the slag suction system are respectively connected to the interior of the pressure chamber, the outlet of the grouting system extends to the interior of the pressure chamber, and the outlet of the grease sealing system is arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the pressure chamber.

[0006] The boosting system comprises a boosting pipe and a boosting pump. One end of the boosting pipe is connected to the pressure chamber, and the other end is provided with a boosting pump.

[0007] The slag suction system comprises a slag suction hose, a slag suction pipe, a slag suction pump and a one-way valve. The slag suction hose is arranged in the pressure chamber, one end of the slag suction pipe is connected to the slag suction hose, and the other end is provided with the one-way valve and the slag suction pump in sequence.

[0008] The grouting system comprises a plurality of grouting pipes, the bottoms of which extend into the pressure chamber.

[0009] The grease sealing system comprises a plurality of grease delivery pipes, and the outlets of the grease delivery pipes are located at the bottom of the pressure chamber.

[0010] The pressure cabin is composed of a pressure cabin top plate and a pressure cabin coaming, and a circle of sealing rubber is arranged at the bottom of the pressure cabin coaming.

[0011] The pre-compression cabin is formed by a pre-compression cabin top plate, a pre-compression cabin bottom plate and a pre-compression cabin coaming. An inlet and outlet coaming is provided at the inlet and outlet holes of the pre-compression cabin top plate. A pre-compression cabin door is installed on the top of the inlet and outlet coaming. A pressure cabin door is provided at the pressure cabin passage opening of the pre-compression cabin bottom plate.

[0012] The channel consists of a channel tube and a ladder installed in the channel tube, and the bottom of the ladder extends into the pressure cabin.

[0013] The diving bell is hoisted by a cable, and the cable is connected to the pressure chamber.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are: (1) The diving bell can form a confined space underwater, providing working space for construction workers and ensuring the safety of underwater operations; (2) The diving bell can automatically clean the scum on the top surface of the shaft bottom seal underwater; (3) The diving bell can be used to seal the bottom of the shaft and inject grout to stop leaks underwater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diving bell of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Middle AA section; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Middle BB section; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Middle CC section; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Middle DD section; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the diving bell of the present invention working in a vertical shaft; like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the marks in the figure represent respectively: 1. Diving bell, 2. Vertical shaft, 3. Formation, 4. Formation water, 5. Air intake direction, 6. Slag discharge direction, 7. Mud; 11. Pressure chamber, 12. Pressurization system, 13. Slag suction system, 14. Pre-pressure chamber, 15. Passage, 16. Grouting pipe, 17. Cable; 111. Pressure chamber top plate, 112. Pressure chamber coaming, 113. Sealing rubber, 114. Passage hole, 115. Pressurization pipe hole, 116. Slag suction pipe hole, 117. Grease pipe hole, 118. Grease delivery pipe, 119. Grouting pipe hole; 121. Booster pipe, 122. Booster pump; 131. Slag suction hose, 132. Slag suction pipe, 133. Slag suction pump, 134. One-way valve; 141. Pre-pressure tank top plate, 142. Pre-pressure tank bottom plate, 143. Pre-pressure tank coaming, 144. Inlet and outlet holes, 145. Inlet and outlet coamings, 146. Pre-pressure tank door, 147. Pressure tank passage opening, 148. Pressure tank door; 151. Passageway, 152. Ladder; 21. Well wall, 22. Bottom cover, 23. Crack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The features of the present invention and other related features are further described in detail below through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art: Example: Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present embodiment relates to a diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft and plugging leaks. The diving bell 1 is arranged in the shaft 2 and is used for plugging leaks in the bottom seal 22 of the shaft 2, wherein the shaft 2 is arranged in a stratum 3, and there are formation water 4 and mud residue 7 in the shaft 2. The diving bell 1 mainly comprises a pressure chamber 11, a pre-pressure chamber 14 and a channel 15. The pre-pressure chamber 14 is installed above the pressure chamber 11 and is connected to the pressure chamber 11 through the channel 15. The pressure chamber 11 is a cylindrical structure with a cover on the top. The outer diameter of the pressure chamber 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft 2, that is, the pressure chamber 11 does not contact the shaft wall 21 of the shaft 2. The pressure chamber 11 is composed of a pressure chamber top plate 111 and a pressure chamber enclosure 112. A circle of sealing rubber 113 is provided at the bottom of the pressure chamber enclosure 112. The sealing rubber 113 is not only used for sealing the pressure chamber 11, but also can prevent collision between the pressure chamber enclosure 112 and the bottom seal 22, thereby playing a buffering role. The diving bell 1 is hoisted by a cable 17, and the cable 17 is connected to the pressure chamber 11 (pressure chamber top plate 111). The pre-compression chamber 14 is enclosed by a pre-compression chamber top plate 141, a pre-compression chamber bottom plate 142 and a pre-compression chamber coaming 143. The two ends of the pre-compression chamber coaming 143 are respectively connected to the pre-compression chamber top plate 141 and the pre-compression chamber bottom plate 142. An inlet and outlet coaming 145 is provided at the inlet and outlet hole 144 of the pre-compression chamber top plate 141. A pre-compression chamber door 146 is installed on the top of the inlet and outlet coaming 145. A pressure chamber door 148 is provided at the pressure chamber passage opening 147 of the pre-compression chamber bottom plate 142. The pressure chamber passage opening 147 is connected to the passage 15 (passage tube 151). The passage 15 is composed of a passage tube 151 and a ladder 152 installed in the passage tube 151. The bottom of the ladder 152 extends into the pressure chamber 11. The staff enters the pressure chamber 11 through the pre-compression chamber door 146, the inlet and outlet enclosure 145, the inlet and outlet hole 144, the pre-compression chamber enclosure 143, the pressure chamber door 148 and the passage tube 151 in sequence, and the ladder 152 facilitates the staff to climb.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the pressure chamber 11 is provided with a boosting system 12, a slag suction system 13, a grouting system and a grease sealing system. The boosting system 12 and the slag suction system 13 are respectively connected to the interior of the pressure chamber 1, the outlet of the grouting system extends to the interior of the pressure chamber 1, and the outlet of the grease sealing system is arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the pressure chamber 1 (pressure chamber enclosure 112). The boosting system 12 is used to discharge the formation water 4 in the pressure chamber 11 and play a role in maintaining pressure. The boosting system 12 includes a boosting pipe 121 and a boosting pump 122. One end of the boosting pipe 121 is connected to the pressure chamber 11, and the other end is provided with a boosting pump 122. The boosting pipe 121 is installed in the boosting pipe hole 115 of the pressure chamber top plate 111. Gas passes through the boosting pipe 121, and then the gas is pressurized by the boosting pump 122 and pumped into the pressure chamber 11 to discharge the formation water 4 in the pressure chamber 11. The air intake direction 5 is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 6 shown.

[0018] The slag suction system 13 is used to discharge the mud 7 in the pressure chamber 11. The slag suction system 13 includes a slag suction hose 131, a slag suction pipe 132, a slag suction pump 133 and a one-way valve 134. The slag suction hose 131 is arranged in the pressure chamber 11. One end of the slag suction pipe 132 is connected to the slag suction hose 131, and the other end is provided with a one-way valve 134 and a slag suction pump 133 in sequence. The slag suction pipe 132 is installed in the slag suction pipe hole 116 of the pressure chamber top plate 111. The slag suction pump 133 is used to pump out the mud 7 in the pressure chamber 11. The one-way valve 134 is used to adjust the pumping amount of the mud 7. The slag discharge direction 6 is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 6 shown.

[0019] The grouting system is used for grouting and sealing the cracks 23 of the bottom cover 22. The grouting system includes a plurality of grouting pipes 16. The bottom of the grouting pipes 16 extends into the pressure chamber 11. The grouting pipes 16 are installed in the grouting pipe holes 119 of the pressure chamber top plate 111. The slurry in the grouting pipes 16 is used to seal the cracks 23 of the bottom cover 22.

[0020] The grease sealing system is used to ensure the sealing of the pressure chamber 11. The grease sealing system includes a plurality of grease delivery pipes 118. The outlets of the grease delivery pipes 118 are located at the bottom of the pressure chamber 11. The grease delivery pipes 118 are installed in the grease pipe holes 117 of the pressure chamber top plate 111, the pressure chamber enclosure 112 and the sealing rubber 113. The grease of the grease sealing system (grease delivery pipes 118) fills the gap between the pressure chamber 11 (sealing rubber 113) and the bottom cover 22, thereby ensuring the sealing of the pressure chamber 11.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment also has the following construction method: 1. Hoist the diving bell 1 to the top of the shaft of the vertical shaft 2, and sink the diving bell 1 to the top surface of the bottom cover 22.

[0022] 2. Open the slag suction pump 133 and the one-way valve 134 of the slag suction system 13 to discharge the mud 7 in the pressure chamber 11.

[0023] 3. Close the slag suction pump 133 and the one-way valve 134 of the slag suction system 13, open the booster pump 122 of the booster system 12, discharge the formation water 4 in the pressure chamber 11 and maintain the pressure.

[0024] 4. Open the grease sealing system to allow the grease in the grease sealing system to fill the gap between the pressure chamber 11 and the bottom cover 22.

[0025] 5. Construction personnel sequentially enter the pre-compression chamber 14 to pressurize the chamber, and enter the pressure chamber 14 to monitor the water seepage position of the bottom cover 22 .

[0026] 6. Drill holes on both sides of the crack 23 of the bottom cover 22, perform grouting and plugging using a grouting system, and test the plugging quality of the crack 23 of the bottom cover 22.

[0027] 7. The construction personnel leave the diving bell 1, shut down the booster pump 122 of the booster system 12, lift the diving bell 1 and move it out of the shaft of the vertical shaft 2.

[0028] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are: (1) The diving bell can form a confined space underwater, providing working space for construction workers and ensuring the safety of underwater operations; (2) The diving bell can automatically clean the scum on the top surface of the shaft bottom seal underwater; (3) The diving bell can be used to seal the bottom of the shaft and inject grout to stop leaks underwater.

[0029] Although the above embodiments have described in detail the concepts and embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, ordinary technicians in this field can recognize that various improvements and changes can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, so they are not described one by one here.

Claims

1. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft, characterized in that: The diving bell includes a pressure chamber and a pre-pressure chamber, wherein the pre-pressure chamber is installed above the pressure chamber and is connected with the pressure chamber through a channel, and the pressure chamber is a cylindrical structure with a cover on the top, and a pressurizing system, a slag suction system, a grouting system and a grease sealing system are provided on the pressure chamber; the pressurizing system and the slag suction system are respectively connected with the interior of the pressure chamber, the outlet of the grouting system extends to the interior of the pressure chamber, and the outlet of the grease sealing system is arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the pressure chamber.

2. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The boosting system comprises a boosting pipe and a boosting pump. One end of the boosting pipe is connected to the pressure chamber, and the other end is provided with a boosting pump.

3. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The slag suction system comprises a slag suction hose, a slag suction pipe, a slag suction pump and a one-way valve. The slag suction hose is arranged in the pressure chamber, one end of the slag suction pipe is connected to the slag suction hose, and the other end is provided with the one-way valve and the slag suction pump in sequence.

4. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting system comprises a plurality of grouting pipes, the bottoms of which extend into the pressure chamber.

5. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grease sealing system comprises a plurality of grease delivery pipes, and the outlets of the grease delivery pipes are located at the bottom of the pressure chamber.

6. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure cabin is composed of a pressure cabin top plate and a pressure cabin coaming, and a circle of sealing rubber is arranged at the bottom of the pressure cabin coaming.

7. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-compression cabin is formed by a pre-compression cabin top plate, a pre-compression cabin bottom plate and a pre-compression cabin coaming. An inlet and outlet coaming is provided at the inlet and outlet holes of the pre-compression cabin top plate. A pre-compression cabin door is installed on the top of the inlet and outlet coaming. A pressure cabin door is provided at the pressure cabin passage opening of the pre-compression cabin bottom plate.

8. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The channel consists of a channel tube and a ladder installed in the channel tube, and the bottom of the ladder extends into the pressure cabin.

9. A diving bell for sealing the bottom of a shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The diving bell is hoisted by a cable, and the cable is connected to the pressure chamber.

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