Method and device for measuring and calculating tunnel surrounding rock integrity coefficient by using light spots

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for measuring and calculating the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock through light spots, and relates to the field of tunnel and underground engineering investigation design, the device specifically comprises a measuring flashlight body, an LED lamp bead is fixed to the middle of the end of the measuring flashlight body, and a distance measuring probe is further arranged at the end of the measuring flashlight body; a lighting switch button and a distance measuring button are respectively fixed on the upper side of the holding end of the measuring flashlight body, and a display screen is fixed at the front end of the holding end of the measuring flashlight body. The distance measuring function is added on the basis of a common flashlight, the distance between joints and the number of volume joints are measured and calculated by using an optical principle and taking light spots irradiated by the flashlight as a scale, and the distance and the size are converted and directly displayed by using an integrated circuit, so that the illumination function is met, and meanwhile, the distance between the joints and the size is measured and calculated. The device can rapidly and accurately measure the size of a long-distance target object, is simple and portable, and is higher in functionality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel and underground engineering survey and design, and specifically to a method and device for calculating the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock using a light spot, and more specifically to calculating the integrity of tunnel surrounding rock using a light spot of an LED flashlight, thereby quickly estimating the BQ value of the surrounding rock. Background Art

[0002] The classification of surrounding rock in tunnel and underground engineering is an important basis for investigation, design and construction. Among the many methods of tunnel surrounding rock classification, the BQ method in the national standard "Engineering Rock Classification Standard" uses the strength and integrity coefficient of the surrounding rock as two basic indicators to calculate the BQ value, thereby classifying the surrounding rock. Among them, the conventional integrity coefficient refers to the square of the ratio of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass to the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock block (unit: km / s), that is:

[0003]

[0004] Its wave velocity is generally measured by wave velocity logging and indoor tests, and the detection process is relatively complicated. Therefore, in actual field applications, Kv is often determined by comparing the rock volume joint number Jv with Table 1 below. Jv refers to the number of joints per cubic meter.

[0005] Table 1 Jv and Kv comparison table

[0006]

[0007] As mentioned above, quickly calculating Jv and thus determining Kv is a necessary process for tunnel surrounding rock classification. In reality, the number of volume joints is generally determined based on empirical on-site thermal observations, which often has a certain error. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for calculating the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock using light spots, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0010] The present invention provides a device for calculating the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock using a light spot, comprising a measuring flashlight body, an LED lamp bead is fixed to the middle of the end of the measuring flashlight body, a distance measuring probe is also provided at the end of the measuring flashlight body, a lighting switch button and a distance measurement button are respectively fixed to the upper side of the gripping end of the measuring flashlight body, and a display screen is fixed to the front end of the gripping end of the measuring flashlight body.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the measuring flashlight body and the grip end are covered with a silicone protective sleeve, the lower end of the silicone protective sleeve is connected to the anti-scratch cover through a silicone rope, and a buckle ring for sleeve-fitting the end of the measuring flashlight body is fixed on the inner side of the anti-scratch cover.

[0012] Preferably, a reserved groove for installing an anti-fall rope is provided through the gripping end of the measuring flashlight body and the middle of the silicone protective sleeve, and a pig nose buckle is installed in the middle of the anti-fall rope.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the anti-fall rope is coated with a fluorescent liquid coating.

[0014] Preferably, a method for using a device for calculating the integrity coefficient of surrounding rock of a tunnel using a light spot is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: Assume that the distance between the measuring point and the surrounding rock face is L, which can be directly measured by the distance measurement function integrated in the flashlight;

[0016] S2: Let the size of the LED bead in the flashlight be a, the size of the output light spot be A, and the distance between the LED bead and the lens be U. It can be seen that a and U are both constant values ​​and are relatively easy to measure, and from the optical principle, it can be known that A and L are positively correlated;

[0017] S3: The law of refraction of light in step S2 is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media, θ1 and θ2 are the angles of incidence and refraction, respectively, and the geometric principles, the value of A can be calculated;

[0020] S4: Pre-make scale values ​​on the LED lamp beads, and the irradiated light spot will also have corresponding scale values. The volume joint number and joint spacing can be measured using the A value obtained in step 3 and the scale on the light spot;

[0021] S5: Adjust the distance L between the measuring point and the tunnel face to ensure that the output spot size is 1m×1m;

[0022] S6: Count the number of joints within the irradiation range of the light spot in step 5, which is the volume joint number Jv;

[0023] S7: Select a representative area of ​​the tunnel face, repeat the above step 5, measure the volume joint number Jv of the tunnel face multiple times, take the average value as the volume joint number Jv of the tunnel face, and compare it with Table 1 to obtain the integrity coefficient Kv of the tunnel face;

[0024] S8: Based on the Kv combined strength value Rc, calculate the surrounding rock BQ to determine the surrounding rock grade.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention adds a distance measurement function to an ordinary flashlight, and utilizes optical principles to use the light spot it illuminates as a scale to measure the joint spacing and the number of volume joints, and uses an integrated circuit to convert the distance and size and directly display them. While satisfying the lighting function, the present invention can quickly and accurately measure the size of a long-distance target, is simple and portable, and has strong functionality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring flashlight body parts in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the parts in the figure;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention for long-distance measurement of joint spacing and volume joint number;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a side view schematic diagram of the irradiation spot for long-distance measurement of joint spacing and volume joint number in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a side view schematic diagram of the irradiation spot for long-distance measurement of joint spacing and volume joint number in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the measuring flashlight body in the present invention;

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1. Measuring flashlight body; 2. LED lamp beads; 3. Distance measuring probe; 4. Lighting switch button; 5. Distance measurement button; 6. Display screen; 7. Silicone protective cover; 8. Anti-scratch cover; 9. Buckle ring; 10. Anti-fall rope; 11. Reserved slot; 12. Pig nose buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] See also Figure 1 - Figure 6 A device for measuring the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock using light spots includes a measuring flashlight body 1, an LED lamp bead 2 is fixed to the middle of the end of the measuring flashlight body 1, a distance measuring probe 3 is also provided at the end of the measuring flashlight body 1, a lighting switch button 4 and a distance measurement button 5 are respectively fixed to the upper side of the holding end of the measuring flashlight body 1, and a display screen 6 is fixed to the front end of the holding end of the measuring flashlight body 1.

[0038] Please refer to the figure in particular. The end of the measuring flashlight body 1 and the grip end are covered with a silicone protective cover 7. The lower end of the silicone protective cover 7 is connected to an anti-scratch cover 8 by a silicone rope, and a buckle ring 9 for sleeve-fitting the end of the measuring flashlight body 1 is fixed to the inner side of the anti-scratch cover 8. The silicone protective cover 7 protects the device and prevents it from accidentally falling and causing damage during use. The anti-scratch cover 8 protects the lens of the device from being worn.

[0039] Please pay special attention to the figure, the holding end of the measuring flashlight body 1 and the middle part of the silicone protective cover 7 are penetrated with a reserved groove 11 for installing the anti-fall rope 10, and a pig nose buckle 12 is installed in the middle part of the anti-fall rope 10. By arranging the anti-fall rope 10 in conjunction with the pig nose buckle 12, the measuring flashlight body 1 can be worn on the wrist using the anti-fall rope 10 during the use of the device, and then the position of the pig nose buckle 12 is adjusted to lock the anti-fall rope 10. When it falls accidentally, the anti-fall rope can also be used to ensure that the measuring flashlight body 1 will not fall.

[0040] Please refer to the figure in particular, the outer surface of the anti-fall rope 10 is coated with a fluorescent liquid coating, and the provision of the fluorescent liquid coating facilitates the user to accurately know whether the anti-fall rope 10 is worn on the wrist in a dark environment.

[0041] Please refer to the figure for a method of using a device for calculating the integrity coefficient of surrounding rock of a tunnel using a light spot, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1: Assume that the distance between the measuring point and the surrounding rock face is L, which can be directly measured by the distance measurement function integrated in the flashlight;

[0043] S2: Let the size of LED bead 2 in the flashlight be a, the size of the output light spot be A, and the distance between LED bead 2 and the lens be U. It can be seen that a and U are both constant values ​​and are relatively easy to measure, and from the optical principle, it can be known that A and L are positively correlated;

[0044] S3: The law of refraction of light in step S2 is:

[0045] Among them, n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media, θ1 and θ2 are the angles of incidence and refraction, respectively, and the geometric principles, the value of A can be calculated;

[0046] S4: pre-make scale values ​​on the LED lamp bead 2, and the irradiated light spot will also have corresponding scale values. The volume joint number and joint spacing can be measured using the A value obtained in step 3 and the scale on the light spot;

[0047] S5: Adjust the distance L between the measuring point and the tunnel face to ensure that the output spot size is 1m×1m;

[0048] S6: Count the number of joints within the irradiation range of the light spot in step 5, which is the volume joint number Jv;

[0049] S7: Select a representative area of ​​the tunnel face, repeat the above step 5, measure the volume joint number Jv of the tunnel face multiple times, take the average value as the volume joint number Jv of the tunnel face, and compare it with Table 1 to obtain the integrity coefficient Kv of the tunnel face;

[0050] S8: Based on the Kv combined strength value Rc, calculate the surrounding rock BQ to determine the surrounding rock grade.

[0051] The present invention intends to add a distance measurement function to an ordinary flashlight, and use its light spot to measure the volume joint number of the surrounding rock to determine the integrity. Its essence is mainly to integrate the distance measurement function into the flashlight, and use the optical and geometric principles to use the light spot (generally square is preferred) formed by the flashlight as a scale to determine the volume joint number Jv of the surrounding rock. That is, the flashlight generally uses LED lamp beads as the light source. The light emitted by the lamp beads passes through optical elements such as lenses and finally irradiates a square light spot. The general flashlight adjusts the size and brightness of the light spot it irradiates by adjusting the distance between the lamp bead and the lens. It can be seen from the optical principle that the flashlight irradiates The size of the emitted light spot depends on the irradiation distance of the flashlight, that is, the distance between the lamp bead and the plane where the light spot is projected. Generally, the larger the distance, the larger the area of ​​the light spot. And through geometric principles, it can be known that when the above-mentioned irradiation distance and the size of the LED lamp bead are known, the size of the output light spot can be obtained more accurately. The present invention mainly utilizes the above principle and the ranging function integrated in the flashlight to accurately measure the irradiation distance of the flashlight, and then uses the correlation between the light spot irradiated by the flashlight and the distance to obtain the light spot size, and then uses the output light spot as a scale to determine the number of volume joints Jv of the surrounding rock, thereby facilitating the measurement by the surveyor.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock using a light spot, comprising a measuring flashlight body (1), characterized in that: An LED lamp bead (2) is fixed at the middle of the end of the measuring flashlight body (1), a distance measuring probe (3) is also provided at the end of the measuring flashlight body (1), a lighting switch button (4) and a distance measuring button (5) are respectively fixed on the upper side of the gripping end of the measuring flashlight body (1), and a display screen (6) is fixed at the front end of the gripping end of the measuring flashlight body (1).

2. The device for calculating the integrity coefficient of surrounding rock of a tunnel by using a light spot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end and the gripping end of the measuring flashlight body (1) are covered with a silicone protective sleeve (7), the lower end of the silicone protective sleeve (7) is connected to an anti-scratch cover (8) via a silicone rope, and a buckle ring (9) for sleeve-fitting the end of the measuring flashlight body (1) is fixed on the inner side of the anti-scratch cover (8).

3. The device for calculating the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock using light spots according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A reserved groove (11) for installing an anti-fall rope (10) is provided through the gripping end of the measuring flashlight body (1) and the middle of the silicone protective sleeve (7), and a pig nose buckle (12) is installed in the middle of the anti-fall rope (10).

4. The device for calculating the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock using light spots according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer surface of the anti-fall rope (10) is coated with a fluorescent liquid coating.

5. A method for using the device for calculating the integrity coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock using a light spot according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Assume that the distance between the measuring point and the surrounding rock face is L, which can be directly measured by the distance measurement function integrated in the flashlight; S2: Let the size of the LED lamp bead (2) in the flashlight be a, the size of the output light spot be A, and the distance between the LED lamp bead (2) and the lens be U; it can be seen that a and U are both constant values ​​and are relatively easy to measure, and it can be seen from the optical principle that A and L are positively correlated; S3: The law of refraction of light in step S2 is: Among them, n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media, θ1 and θ2 are the angles of incidence and refraction, respectively, and the geometric principles, the value of A can be calculated; S4: pre-scale the LED lamp bead (2), and the irradiated light spot will also have a corresponding scale value. The volume joint number and joint spacing can be measured using the A value obtained in step 3 and the scale on the light spot; S5: Adjust the distance L between the measuring point and the tunnel face to ensure that the output spot size is 1m×1m; S6: Count the number of joints within the irradiation range of the light spot in step 5, which is the volume joint number Jv; S7: Select a representative area of ​​the tunnel face, repeat the above step 5, measure the volume joint number Jv of the tunnel face multiple times, take the average value as the volume joint number Jv of the tunnel face, and compare it with Table 1 to obtain the integrity coefficient Kv of the tunnel face; S8: Based on the Kv combined strength value Rc, calculate the surrounding rock BQ to determine the surrounding rock grade.

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