Agarwood rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification method and imaging system based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and an electronic nose. The method is based on a microscopic image-based agarwood authenticity identification model and an odor-based agarwood authenticity identification model, and comprises the following steps: S1: obtaining a microscopic structural image of an agarwood test sample using a microscope and an imaging system; S2: inputting the microscopic structural image of the agarwood test sample into the microscopic image-based agarwood authenticity identification model; S3: obtaining data of the agarwood test sample in each sensor of the electronic nose according to the odor-based agarwood authenticity identification model; S4: activating the automated pattern recognition system of the electronic nose to perform electronic nose odor recognition data for 40 seconds, 50 seconds, and 60 seconds of agarwood testing, respectively. The method of the present invention is simple, efficient, easy to operate, and does not require sample pre-treatment. It also overcomes the problems of subjective influence and poor repeatability exhibited in traditional manual evaluation, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of authenticity identification of agarwood.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of authenticity identification and quality inspection of precious wood, and in particular to a method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and an electronic nose. Background Art

[0002] As a traditional Chinese medicine, agarwood has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cough-relieving, cardiovascular disease relief, gastrointestinal protection, and sleep-promoting properties. As a spice, the main components of agarwood's secondary metabolites include sesquiterpenes and chromones, which are the material basis for agarwood's medicinal effects and aroma.

[0003] Existing identification technologies primarily include physical identification, microscopic identification (organizational characteristics), and physical and chemical identification (color development, thin-layer chromatography, liquid chromatography, etc.). While the latter two methods are feasible, they suffer from cumbersome operation, long time, and high cost. Furthermore, they require the agarwood sample to be destroyed, making rapid and non-destructive identification of agarwood authenticity impossible. Physical identification relies on sensory methods such as "visual inspection, hand contact, nose smell, and mouth taste." However, as a subjective sensory evaluation method, it lacks objectivity and cannot be objectively quantified. Evaluations of agarwood's color, feel, and odor vary from person to person, resulting in inconsistent accuracy. With the increasing trade in agarwood raw materials, beads, and handicrafts, there is an urgent need for a rapid, non-destructive, accurate, and objectively quantitative method for identifying agarwood authenticity.

[0004] CN 118781368A discloses a method for identifying agarwood through image acquisition. However, microscopic image acquisition reduces clarity for samples with uneven surfaces. Furthermore, samples like agarwood bracelets are formed by curved rotary cutting, which distorts the pores and wood rays, making it difficult to obtain authentic pore images and compare them with traditional agarwood images. Furthermore, the larger agarwood sold on the market, due to its rich oil content and oily exudation, can be easily confused with counterfeit agarwood, such as oil-injected agarwood. Most importantly, many counterfeit agarwood samples currently on the market use methods such as microbubble oil and micro-oil injection, without significant changes in the microstructure, making them difficult to identify through microscopic images. CN 114112951A invented a hyperspectral method for identifying insect-infested agarwood, and CN 105699343A proposed a fluorescence spectral imaging technique that examines the sample's spectral characteristics and performs data processing for identification. However, due to the complex composition of agarwood, the data processing model is slow to analyze, making it unsuitable for the market's demand for rapid bead detection.

[0005] Currently, counterfeiting of agarwood primarily involves impersonating non-Aquilaria species wood, or adding agarwood extract or other oils to low-quality agarwood through methods such as high pressure, micro-pressure, oil compression, drug soaking, and high-polishing. These counterfeiting methods alter the appearance or aroma of agarwood, and a single identification method is difficult to detect all of these methods. For example, microscopic imaging can identify samples of non-Aquilaria species wood impersonation, high-polishing, high-pressure, or drug soaking by surface color changes and the distribution and width of the phloem within the agarwood. However, samples counterfeited through methods such as soaking in agarwood extract and micro-pressure are more difficult to identify. An electronic nose is a device that mimics the biological olfactory system. It uses an embedded gas sensor array to detect and identify a variety of complex odors. When odor molecules come into contact with the sensor array and undergo a chemical reaction, a series of odor fingerprints are generated. Different odors of genuine and counterfeit agarwood produce specific responses. Applying these responses to a pattern recognition algorithm can accurately identify counterfeit agarwood with different odors. Therefore, in order to meet the market sales demand for agarwood raw materials, beads, and small handicrafts in different forms, it is urgent to develop a highly accurate, widely applicable, fast, and non-destructive agarwood identification method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and an electronic nose. The method is based on a microscopic image-based agarwood authenticity identification model and an odor-based agarwood authenticity identification model, and comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Use a microscope and imaging system to obtain microstructural images of agarwood samples;

[0008] S2: Input the microstructure image of the agarwood test sample into the agarwood authenticity identification model based on microscopic images. If the judgment result is ≥90%, it is authentic agarwood, and the test is stopped. If the judgment result is less than 90%, the agarwood test sample is subjected to authenticity identification based on odor analysis;

[0009] S3: According to the agarwood authenticity identification model based on odor, the data of the agarwood test sample in each sensor of the electronic nose is obtained;

[0010] S4: Turn on the automatic pattern recognition system of the electronic nose, input the 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose odor recognition data of the agarwood test into the clustering recognition model of the authenticity sample, and use the Euclidean algorithm, the deterministic finite automatic algorithm, and the segmented expansion algorithm to give the discrimination results. If all three algorithms are judged to be true, the test sample is judged to be authentic agarwood. If one or more algorithms are judged to be false, the test sample is judged to be counterfeit agarwood.

[0011] Optionally, the agarwood authenticity identification model based on microscopic images includes the following steps:

[0012] S11: Using a microscope and imaging system, obtain microstructural images of authentic agarwood samples;

[0013] S12: performing feature extraction on the image data, performing feature extraction on the sample microstructure image, and obtaining features such as pores, phloem, wood fibers, or wood rays of the sample, as well as surface finish, color, oil distribution, and oil overflow;

[0014] S13: Obtain the microstructure image feature vector of the genuine and fake agarwood samples; train the sample feature vector using a set algorithm to obtain an agarwood recognition model.

[0015] Optionally, the odor-based agarwood authenticity identification model includes the following steps:

[0016] S31: Place the agarwood sample in a sealed container and let it stand at room temperature for 30-60 minutes, or shake the sample at 60°C for 10-20 minutes;

[0017] S32: Turn on the electronic nose and preheat the device for 20 to 30 minutes. Insert the sampling needle of the sensor into the soft cap of the sealed injection bottle, with the distance between the needle tip of the sampling needle and the bottle opening being 1 / 3 of the bottle height. Then, insert the air inlet needle of the sensor into the soft cap of the injection bottle, with the distance between the needle tip of the air inlet needle and the bottle opening being 1 mm greater than the distance between the needle tip of the sampling needle and the bottle opening. Then, set the array parameters of the sensor for detection: gas flow rate 0.5-0.7 L / min, cleaning time 50-100 s, detection time 80-100 s, start sampling and measurement at 15-30°C, and obtain data of the authenticity detection sample in each sensor of the electronic nose.

[0018] S33: Turn on the automated pattern recognition system of the electronic nose and use linear discriminant analysis to cluster the 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose gas recognition data of the authentic and fake agarwood samples, respectively, to obtain a cluster recognition model for the authentic and fake agarwood samples.

[0019] Optionally, the imaging system includes a lower rod and a first-axis pan-tilt head connected to the upper end of the lower rod, the free end of the first-axis pan-tilt head is connected to a second-axis pan-tilt head, the second-axis pan-tilt head is in a "U"-shaped structure, an imaging body is rotatably arranged in the second-axis pan-tilt head, a sensor is arranged on the lower end surface of the imaging body, and also includes a height lifting mechanism for connecting the first-axis pan-tilt head and the second-axis pan-tilt head. When working, the sensor collects a vertical distance signal between the lower end of the imaging body and the collected object, and adjusts the vertical position of the imaging body through the height lifting mechanism according to the vertical distance signal to adjust the vertical distance between the lower end of the imaging body and the collected object.

[0020] Optionally, the height lifting mechanism includes a connecting assembly connected to the upper end surface of the second-axis gimbal, the upper end surface of the connecting assembly is fixedly connected to the first lifting rod, the outer movable sleeve of the first lifting rod is provided with a supporting ring, the outer side wall of the supporting ring is fixedly connected to the first fixing plate, the free end of the first fixing plate is fixedly connected to the second fixing plate, the second fixing plate is fixedly set on the upper end surface of the first-axis gimbal, the upper end of the first lifting rod is fixedly connected to the first fixing block, the side wall of the first fixing block is fixedly connected to the third fixing plate, the free end of the third fixing plate is fixedly connected to the second fixing block, the lower end surface of the second fixing block is fixedly connected to the second lifting rod, the lower end of the second lifting rod is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving cylinder, and the driving cylinder is fixedly set on the first-axis gimbal, wherein the first-axis gimbal and the second-axis gimbal are staggered in the vertical direction.

[0021] Optionally, the connecting assembly includes a mounting base fixedly connected to the second-axis pan-tilt head, the mounting base is slidably connected to the first-axis pan-tilt head, a first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the mounting base, the upper end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving motor, and the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the lower end of the first lifting rod.

[0022] Optionally, the imaging system also includes a position locking mechanism for locking the mounting base and the first-axis pan-tilt head to each other, the position locking mechanism including a plurality of position locking grooves provided on the mounting base, wherein a position locking rod is provided in one of the position locking grooves, the position locking rod is movably provided in a first movable groove, the first movable groove is provided on the first-axis pan-tilt head, one end of the position locking rod located in the first movable groove is fixedly connected to a first magnet block, the first magnet block is movably inserted in the first movable groove, and a first electromagnet matching the first magnet block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first movable groove.

[0023] Optionally, the position locking mechanism also includes a first guide support assembly arranged between the first magnet block and the first electromagnet and used to connect the first magnet block and the first electromagnet, the first guide support assembly includes a first guide support rod, a first guide support tube and a first guide support spring, the first guide support rod is movably inserted in the first guide support tube, the first guide support spring is wound outside the first guide support rod, and the two ends of the first guide support spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guide support rod and the outer wall of the first guide support tube.

[0024] Optionally, the imaging system also includes a fastening mechanism, which includes a rigid fastening plate and an elastic fastening plate connected to each other, the elastic fastening plate being arranged close to the imaging body, the rigid fastening plate and the elastic fastening plate being movably arranged in a second movable groove, the second movable groove being opened on the second-axis pan-tilt platform, the side wall of the rigid fastening plate is fixedly connected to a first movable rod, the first movable rod is movably inserted into the second-axis pan-tilt platform, the free end of the first movable rod is fixedly connected to a second magnet block, the side wall of the second-axis pan-tilt platform is fixedly connected to a second electromagnet matching the second magnet block, the second electromagnet is movably sleeved outside the first movable rod, the side wall of the second magnet block is fixedly connected to a second guide support assembly, the free end of the second guide support assembly is fixedly connected to the second-axis pan-tilt platform, the second guide support assembly includes a second guide support rod, a second guide support tube and a second guide support spring, the second guide support rod is movably inserted into the second guide support tube, the second guide support spring is wound and connected to the outside of the second guide support rod, and the two ends of the second guide support spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second guide support rod and the outer wall of the second guide support tube.

[0025] Optionally, the imaging system also includes a heat dissipation mechanism, which includes a connecting plate connected to the second magnet block, the side wall of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the second moving rod, the outer fixed sleeve of the second moving rod is provided with a driving screw rod, the driving screw rod is movably inserted into the second-axis pan-tilt head, the outer threaded sleeve of the driving screw rod is provided with an internal threaded tube, the internal threaded tube is rotatably set on the side wall of the second-axis pan-tilt head, the outer fixed sleeve of the internal threaded tube is provided with a first driving gear, the first driving gear and the second driving gear are meshed with each other, the second driving gear is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating rod, one end of the second rotating rod is rotatably set on the side wall of the second-axis pan-tilt head, and the other end of the second rotating rod is fixedly connected to a rotating fan.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] The method of the present invention is simple, efficient, easy to operate, and does not require pre-treatment of the sample. At the same time, it overcomes the problems of subjective influence and poor repeatability in traditional manual evaluation, and greatly improves the accuracy of authenticity identification of agarwood. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is the microscopic structure image of the authentic agarwood in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is an image of the microstructure of the oil-filled agarwood of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the microscopic structure image of the high-polished agarwood in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a microscopic image of the agarwood that is not a fake agarwood in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of clustering authenticity of agarwood in the odor analysis system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the discrimination results of agarwood detection samples based on the odor analysis model of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of an existing imaging system;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the imaging system in the method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 The invention is a method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose Figure 8 A is an enlarged schematic diagram of the results;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection components in the method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 The invention is a method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the partial top-down cross-sectional structure;

[0039] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fastening mechanism in the method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the heat dissipation mechanism in the method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose of the present invention.

[0041] Reference numerals

[0042] Lower rod 1, first axis gimbal 2, second axis gimbal 3, imaging body 4, sensor 5, height lifting mechanism 6, connecting assembly 61, driving motor 611, first rotating rod 612, mounting base 613, first lifting rod 62, supporting ring 63, first fixing plate 64, second fixing plate 65, first fixing block 66, third fixing plate 67, second fixing block 68, second lifting rod 69, driving cylinder 610, position locking mechanism 7, position locking groove 71, position locking rod 72, first moving groove 73, first magnet block 74, first guide support assembly 75, first guide support rod 751, first guide support cylinder 752, first guide support spring 753, first electromagnet 76,

[0043] Fastening mechanism 8, rigid fastening plate 81, elastic fastening plate 82, second moving groove 83, first moving rod 84, second magnet block 85, second electromagnet 86, second guide support assembly 87, second guide support rod 871, second guide support cylinder 872, second guide support spring 873,

[0044] Heat dissipation mechanism 9 , connecting plate 91 , second moving rod 92 , driving screw rod 93 , internal threaded tube 94 , first driving gear 95 , second driving gear 96 , second rotating rod 97 , rotating fan 98 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be the common meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "including" and similar words used in this article mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0046] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose. Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the method is based on a microscopic image-based agarwood authenticity identification model and an odor-based agarwood authenticity identification model, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1: Use a microscope and imaging system to obtain microstructural images of agarwood samples;

[0048] S2: Input the microstructure image of the agarwood test sample into the agarwood authenticity identification model based on microscopic images. If the judgment result is ≥90%, it is authentic agarwood, and the test is stopped. If the judgment result is less than 90%, the agarwood test sample is subjected to authenticity identification based on odor analysis;

[0049] S3: According to the agarwood authenticity identification model based on odor, the data of the agarwood test sample in each sensor of the electronic nose is obtained;

[0050] S4: Turn on the automated pattern recognition system of the electronic nose, input the 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose odor recognition data of the agarwood test into the clustering recognition model of the authenticity sample, and use the Euclidean algorithm, the deterministic finite automatic algorithm, and the segmented expansion algorithm to give the discrimination results. If all three algorithms judge as true, the test sample is judged to be authentic agarwood. If one or more algorithms judge as false, the test sample is judged to be counterfeit agarwood.

[0051] Or use the odor data of the test sample obtained by other types of sensor-type electronic noses, and input the 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose odor recognition data of the agarwood test into the clustering recognition model of the authenticity sample, and use the Euclidean algorithm (Euklid), the deterministic finite automatic algorithm (DFA), and the piecewise expansion algorithm (KOR) to give the discrimination results. If all three algorithms are judged to be true, the test sample is judged to be authentic agarwood. If one or more algorithms are judged to be false, the test sample is judged to be counterfeit agarwood.

[0052] In one embodiment, the agarwood authenticity identification model based on microscopic images comprises the following steps:

[0053] S11: Using a microscope and imaging system, obtain microstructural images of authentic agarwood samples;

[0054] S12: performing feature extraction on the image data, performing feature extraction on the sample microstructure image, and obtaining features such as pores, phloem, wood fibers, or wood rays of the sample, as well as surface finish, color, oil distribution, and oil overflow;

[0055] S13: Obtain the microstructure image feature vector of the genuine and fake agarwood samples; train the sample feature vector using a set algorithm to obtain an agarwood recognition model.

[0056] In one embodiment, the odor-based agarwood authenticity identification model includes the following steps:

[0057] S31: Place the agarwood sample in a sealed container and let it stand at room temperature for 30-60 minutes, or shake the sample at 60°C for 10-20 minutes;

[0058] S32: Turn on the electronic nose (the electronic nose model used is PEN3), preheat the device for 20 to 30 minutes, insert the sampling needle of the sensor into the soft cap of the sealed sampling bottle, and the distance between the needle tip of the sampling needle and the bottle mouth is 1 / 3 of the bottle height. Then, insert the air inlet needle of the sensor into the soft cap of the sampling bottle, and the distance between the needle tip of the air inlet needle and the bottle mouth is greater than the distance between the needle tip of the sampling needle and the bottle mouth by 1 mm; then set the array parameters of the sensor for detection: gas flow rate 0.5-0.7 L / min, cleaning time 50-100 s, detection time 80-100 s, start sampling and measurement at 15-30°C, and obtain the data of the authenticity detection sample in each sensor of the electronic nose; or use other sensor-type electronic noses, set the array parameters of the sensors for detection;

[0059] S33: Turn on the automated pattern recognition system of the electronic nose, and use linear discriminant analysis to cluster the 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose gas identification data of the authentic and fake agarwood samples, respectively, to obtain a clustering recognition model for the authentic and fake agarwood samples; or use the odor data of the authentic and fake agarwood samples obtained by other types of sensor-type electronic noses, and use linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to cluster the 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose odor identification data of the authentic and fake agarwood samples, respectively, to obtain a clustering recognition model for the authentic and fake agarwood samples.

[0060] The feature extraction of the agarwood sample image data to obtain the sample feature vector includes determining the coordinate values of the sample pores, axial parenchyma, or wood rays in the coordinate system corresponding to the structural image according to the pores, axial parenchyma, or wood rays features;

[0061] determining the coordinate value of the sample foreign matter in the coordinate system corresponding to the structure image according to the surface finish feature;

[0062] Determining the coordinate value of the sample spilled grease in the coordinate system corresponding to the structured image according to the grease spill feature;

[0063] A digital matrix is constructed according to the determined coordinate values, and the digital matrix is determined as the characteristic vector of the genuine agarwood sample.

[0064] The feature extraction module includes: a first extraction submodule, which is used to extract features from the sample microstructure image to obtain the sample pore, axial parenchyma, or wood ray features; a second extraction submodule, which is used to extract features from the sample microstructure image to obtain the sample surface finish features; and a third extraction submodule, which is used to extract features from the sample's spilled grease to obtain the sample's grease spill features.

[0065] The method for establishing the agarwood identification model based on microscopic images is as follows:

[0066] (1) Taking a string of authentic agarwood beads, scanning each bead using the microscopic imaging system of the present invention to obtain a microscopic structural image of the authentic agarwood, and storing the image in a computer;

[0067] (2) Take a string of fake agarwood beads, scan each bead using the microscopic imaging system of the present invention, obtain a microscopic structural image of the fake agarwood, and store it in a computer in the form of a picture, such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0068] (3) The original image is pre-processed by edge segmentation and threshold segmentation to obtain clear image features of authentic and fake agarwood. Based on the grayscale co-occurrence matrix and differential statistical extraction, the features such as pores, internal phloem, wood fibers, or wood rays in the microscopic structural images of authentic and fake agarwood samples are extracted, as well as the features closely related to the authenticity of agarwood, such as surface smoothness, color, oil distribution, and oil overflow. The image data is then annotated to establish an image digital matrix of authentic and fake agarwood collectibles.

[0069] (4) Matlab software was used for image feature extraction and image analysis, and data processing was performed on the feature images, which were further divided into multiple dimensional data sets for agarwood recognition model training and testing.

[0070] (5) The features of authentic and fake agarwood images are automatically extracted and identified through a deep convolutional neural network algorithm. The convolutional neural network includes at least an input layer, a convolution layer, a pooling layer, and an output layer.

[0071] (6) The sample feature vector is trained based on the set algorithm, and the processed image is randomly divided into training data, verification data and test data in an 8:1:1 ratio. The Softmax loss function is used to train the network model to form an agarwood authenticity recognition model.

[0072] (7) An agarwood authenticity identification module, which is used to identify the agarwood sample image to be identified using the agarwood authenticity identification model to obtain the authenticity identification result of the agarwood to be identified.

[0073] A method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose, comprising the following steps:

[0074] Microscopic imaging system construction: consists of a microscope, imaging system, sensor, and storage card.

[0075] Placement of agarwood test samples based on microscopic inspection: Place the agarwood test sample on the stage under the microscope, adjust the stage height, and for beading, the direction of beading can be adjusted through the motion control system.

[0076] Imaging of agarwood samples based on microscopic testing: Adjust the magnification by 20x, move the stage height until the image is clear and the structural features are obvious, and save the image.

[0077] Image preprocessing: Gray-level co-occurrence matrix and differential statistics are used to extract features such as pores, internal phloem, wood fibers, or wood rays in the microstructural image, as well as surface smoothness, color, oil distribution, oil overflow and other features closely related to the authenticity of agarwood, to obtain feature images.

[0078] Authenticity identification: The feature image is input into the agarwood authenticity identification module, matched with the feature quantities in the authentic and counterfeit agarwood database, and the authenticity is determined by similarity.

[0079] The parameters that need to be adjusted in the microscopic imaging system include: position and magnification.

[0080] Odor system setup: Consists of an electronic nose, a sealed container, and a water bath shaker. The sealed container should be smaller than 500mL. The agarwood sample and test sample should be completely placed in the sealed container. The smallest container that can accommodate the agarwood sample and test sample should be selected based on their volume. Typically, sealed containers of 20mL, 50mL, 100mL, 300mL, or 500mL are used.

[0081] Odor Analysis: Based on a microscopic image-based agarwood authenticity identification model, odor identification is performed on agarwood samples with a judgment result of less than 90%. This can be calculated using the system's built-in algorithm or a custom algorithm.

[0082] Authenticity identification: The 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose odor recognition data of agarwood detection are input into the clustering recognition model of authenticity samples. If all three algorithms are judged to be true, the test sample is judged to be authentic agarwood. If one or more algorithms are judged to be false, the test sample is judged to be counterfeit agarwood.

[0083] Preferably, the odor data parameters include: 40s, 50s, 60s of electronic nose recognition data.

[0084] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0085] The method of the present invention does not require any destructive actions such as cutting, grinding, crushing, drilling, and extraction on the agarwood sample, thus avoiding damage to the expensive authentic agarwood.

[0086] The present invention adopts a combination of microscopic imaging and odor analysis technology to achieve precise imaging of agarwood oil and wood through a microscopic system. It can have a strong ability to distinguish counterfeit and inferior agarwood made by common counterfeiting methods such as non-agarwood, high polishing, splicing, and high pressure; through the electronic nose odor analysis method, it can identify counterfeit and inferior agarwood made by counterfeiting methods such as micro-pressure, oil injection, drug soaking, and agarwood paste smearing.

[0087] The present invention optimizes the magnification and imaging area of microscopic imaging to ensure that the imaging clarity meets the identification requirements; and determines the analysis algorithm of electronic nose data to meet the requirements for authenticity identification of agarwood.

[0088] The rapid and non-destructive agarwood authenticity identification method proposed in the present invention can realize the authenticity identification of agarwood beads, agarwood pendants and small-volume agarwood handicrafts of any shape and size. The process is non-destructive, rapid and highly accurate.

[0089] The existing imaging system consists of a lower rod, the upper end of which is provided with a first-axis pan-tilt platform, the first-axis pan-tilt platform is connected to the second-axis pan-tilt platform, and the imaging body is rotatably provided in the second-axis pan-tilt platform. Figure 7 As shown, in the prior art, the first-axis gimbal and the second-axis gimbal cannot move toward or away from each other in the vertical direction. As a result, the distance between the imaging body and the collected object cannot be adjusted by the second-axis gimbal, and the imaging body cannot be placed in the optimal collection position, resulting in inaccurate collection results.

[0090] In order to solve the above problems, in one embodiment, Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the imaging system includes a lower rod 1 and a first-axis pan-tilt platform 2 connected to the upper end of the lower rod 1, the free end of the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2 is connected to the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3, the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3 is a "U"-shaped structure, and an imaging body 4 is rotatably arranged in the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3, and a sensor 5 is arranged on the lower end surface of the imaging body 4. It also includes a height lifting mechanism 6 for connecting the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2 and the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3. When working, the sensor 5 collects the vertical distance signal between the lower end of the imaging body 4 and the collected object, and adjusts the vertical position of the imaging body 4 through the height lifting mechanism 6 according to the vertical distance signal to adjust the vertical distance between the lower end of the imaging body 4 and the collected object.

[0091] In one embodiment, Figure 9As shown, the height lifting mechanism 6 includes a connecting component 61 connected to the upper end surface of the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3, and a first lifting rod 62 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the connecting component 61, and a supporting ring 63 is movably sleeved on the outside of the first lifting rod 62, and a first fixing plate 64 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the supporting ring 63, and the free end of the first fixing plate 64 is fixedly connected to the second fixing plate 65, and the second fixing plate 65 is fixedly set on the upper end surface of the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2, the upper end of the first lifting rod 62 is fixedly connected to the first fixing block 66, and the side wall of the first fixing block 66 is fixedly connected to the third fixing plate 67, and the free end of the third fixing plate 67 is fixedly connected to the second fixing block 68, and the lower end surface of the second fixing block 68 is fixedly connected to the second lifting rod 69, and the lower end of the second lifting rod 69 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving cylinder 610, and the driving cylinder 610 is fixedly set on the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2, wherein the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2 and the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3 are staggered in the vertical direction.

[0092] In this embodiment, the height-elevation mechanism 6 is configured to adjust the vertical relative positions of the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3, thereby adjusting the distance between the imaging body 4 and the object being captured. Furthermore, a sensor 5 (note that the sensor 5 comprises a sensor body and a processor) is also provided in this embodiment to adjust the distance between the imaging body 4 and the object being captured in real time. During operation, if the sensor 5 detects that the distance between the imaging body 4 and the object is not the standard distance, the sensor 5 activates the drive cylinder 610. The drive cylinder 610, via the combined structure of the second lift rod 69, the second fixed block 68, the third fixed plate 67, the first fixed block 66, the first lift rod 62, and the connecting assembly 61, moves the second-axis gimbal 3 upward or downward in the vertical direction relative to the first-axis gimbal 2. This, in turn, causes the imaging body 4 to move upward or downward via the second-axis gimbal 3, thereby changing the distance between the imaging body 4 and the object to the standard distance.

[0093] In order to enable the second-axis platform 3 to move up and down in the vertical direction relative to the first-axis platform 2, it also has the function of rotation, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown, the connecting assembly 61 includes a mounting base 613 fixedly connected to the second-axis pan-tilt head 3, the mounting base 613 is slidingly connected to the first-axis pan-tilt head 2, and a first rotating rod 612 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the mounting base 613. The upper end of the first rotating rod 612 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving motor 611, and the driving motor 611 is fixedly arranged on the lower end of the first lifting rod 62.

[0094] The setting of the connecting component 61 in this embodiment can cause the second-axis pan-tilt head 3 to rotate relative to the first-axis pan-tilt head 2. Specifically, when it is necessary to collect different azimuthal features of the collected object on the horizontal plane, the sensor 5 will start the drive motor 611. The operation of the drive motor 611 will cause the mounting base 613 to rotate through the first rotating rod 612, thereby causing the second-axis pan-tilt head 3 to rotate relative to the first-axis pan-tilt head 2 through the mounting base 613, and then causing the imaging body 4 to rotate relative to the collected object through the second-axis pan-tilt head 3.

[0095] In one embodiment, Figure 11 As shown, the imaging system also includes a position locking mechanism 7 for locking the mounting base 613 and the first-axis pan-tilt head 2 with each other, and the position locking mechanism 7 includes a plurality of position locking grooves 71 provided on the mounting base 613, wherein a position locking rod 72 is provided in one of the position locking grooves 71, and the position locking rod 72 is movably provided in a first movable groove 73, and the first movable groove 73 is provided on the first-axis pan-tilt head 2, and one end of the position locking rod 72 located in the first movable groove 73 is fixedly connected to a first magnet block 74, and the first magnet block 74 is movably inserted in the first movable groove 73, and a first electromagnet 76 matching the first magnet block 74 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first movable groove 73.

[0096] The position locking mechanism 7 in this embodiment is set up, when the distance and angle between the imaging body 4 and the collected object are adjusted to the standard position, by locking the mounting base 613 and the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2, the current position of the imaging body 4 is locked. It should be noted that no matter when the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2 and the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3 are adjusted in the vertical direction, or when the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2 and the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3 are adjusted for relative rotational movement, the position locking mechanism 7 does not lock the mounting base 613 and the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2; during operation, when it is necessary to adjust the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2 and the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3 in the vertical direction, or when the first-axis pan-tilt platform 2 and the second-axis pan-tilt platform 3 are adjusted for relative rotational movement, the first electromagnet 76 will be energized to generate magnetism, and under the action of the magnetic attraction, the first magnet block 74 will carry the position locking rod 72 to move to the right, so that the position locking rod 72 moves out of the position locking slot 71, thereby realizing the unlocking process.

[0097] It should be noted that several position locking grooves 71 are arranged in a ring shape, and there is a gap between two adjacent position locking grooves 71, and the size of the gap is less than 0.5 mm. This arrangement can enable the position locking rod 72 to accurately enter the position locking groove 71; in order to enable the position locking rod 72 to enter the position locking groove 71 more accurately, in one example, the left end of the position locking rod 72 is set to a round head structure, and in another example, the left end of the position locking rod 72 is set to a conical structure; after the position locking rod 72 enters the position locking groove 71, in order to enable the position locking groove 71 to firmly contact the position locking rod 72, the groove cavity of the position locking groove 71 is set to a conical structure.

[0098] In one embodiment, Figure 11 As shown, the position locking mechanism 7 also includes a first guide support assembly 75 which is arranged between the first magnet block 74 and the first electromagnet 76 and is used to connect the first magnet block 74 and the first electromagnet 76. The first guide support assembly 75 includes a first guide support rod 751, a first guide support tube 752 and a first guide support spring 753. The first guide support rod 751 is movably inserted into the first guide support tube 752, and the first guide support spring 753 is wound around the outside of the first guide support rod 751, and the two ends of the first guide support spring 753 are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guide support rod 751 and the outer wall of the first guide support tube 752.

[0099] The setting of the first guide support assembly 75 in this embodiment can not only play a guiding and supporting role for the movement of the position locking rod 72, so that the position locking rod 72 only moves in the horizontal direction, but also provide a reset force for the reset movement of the position locking rod 72.

[0100] When the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3 are adjusted in the vertical direction, or when the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3 are adjusted for relative rotation, in order to prevent the imaging body 4 from moving relative to the second-axis gimbal 3, in one embodiment, Figure 12As shown, the imaging system also includes a fastening mechanism 8, which includes a rigid fastening plate 81 and an elastic fastening plate 82 connected to each other. The elastic fastening plate 82 is arranged close to the imaging body 4, and the rigid fastening plate 81 and the elastic fastening plate 82 are movably arranged in the second movable groove 83. The second movable groove 83 is opened on the second-axis gimbal 3. A first movable rod 84 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rigid fastening plate 81. The first movable rod 84 is movably inserted into the second-axis gimbal 3. The free end of the first movable rod 84 is fixedly connected to a second magnet block 85. A second electromagnet 86 matching the second magnet block 85 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second-axis gimbal 3. The magnet 86 is movably mounted outside the first movable rod 84, and the side wall of the second magnet block 85 is fixedly connected to the second guide support assembly 87. The free end of the second guide support assembly 87 is fixedly connected to the second-axis pan-tilt head 3. The second guide support assembly 87 includes a second guide support rod 871, a second guide support tube 872 and a second guide support spring 873. The second guide support rod 871 is movably inserted into the second guide support tube 872, and the second guide support spring 873 is wrapped around and connected to the outside of the second guide support rod 871, and the two ends of the second guide support spring 873 are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second guide support rod 871 and the outer wall of the second guide support tube 872.

[0101] The fastening mechanism 8 in this embodiment can prevent the imaging body 4 and the second-axis gimbal 3 from moving relative to each other when the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3 are adjusted in the vertical direction, or when the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3 are adjusted in relative rotation. During operation, when the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3 are adjusted in the vertical direction, or when the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3 are adjusted in relative rotation, the second electromagnet 86 is energized to generate magnetism. Under the action of magnetic attraction, the second electromagnet 86 is pressed against the outer wall of the imaging body 4 with the elastic fastening plate 82 through the second magnet block 85, the first movable rod 84 and the rigid fastening plate 81, thereby fixing the imaging body 4 and the second-axis gimbal 3 together through the interference effect.

[0102] In one embodiment, Figure 12As shown, the imaging system also includes a heat dissipation mechanism 9, which includes a connecting plate 91 connected to the second magnet block 85, and the side wall of the connecting plate 91 is fixedly connected to a second moving rod 92, and the second moving rod 92 is fixedly sleeved with a driving screw rod 93, and the driving screw rod 93 is movably inserted into the second-axis gimbal 3, and the driving screw rod 93 is externally threaded with an internally threaded tube 94, and the internally threaded tube 94 is rotatably set on the side wall of the second-axis gimbal 3, and the internally threaded tube 94 is externally fixed with a first driving gear 95, and the first driving gear 95 and the second driving gear 96 are meshed with each other, and the second driving gear 96 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second rotating rod 97, and one end of the second rotating rod 97 is rotatably set on the side wall of the second-axis gimbal 3, and the other end of the second rotating rod 97 is fixedly connected to a rotating fan 98.

[0103] The heat dissipation mechanism 9 in this embodiment can dissipate heat from the device. When the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3 are adjusted in the vertical direction, or when the first-axis gimbal 2 and the second-axis gimbal 3 are adjusted in relative rotation, the device will generate heat. The heat dissipation mechanism 9 can achieve a highly efficient heat dissipation effect. Specifically, the rightward movement of the second magnet block 85 will drive the drive screw rod 93 to move rightward through the connecting plate 91 and the second moving rod 92. The movement of the drive screw rod 93 will cause the internal threaded tube 94 to rotate. The rotation of the internal threaded tube 94 will cause the rotating fan 98 to rotate through the first drive gear 95, the second drive gear 96 and the second rotating rod 97. The rotation of the rotating fan 98 will accelerate the flow of natural wind, thereby achieving a heat dissipation effect on the device.

[0104] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the wheel diameter of the first driving gear 95 is much larger than the wheel diameter of the second driving gear 96. This is to ensure that when the first driving gear 95 rotates one circle, the second driving gear 96 can rotate multiple circles.

[0105] While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations of these embodiments are possible. However, it should be understood that such modifications and variations are within the scope and spirit of the present invention as set forth in the claims. Furthermore, the invention described herein is susceptible to other embodiments and may be practiced or implemented in a variety of ways.

Claims

1. An imaging system used in a method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose, characterized in that: The imaging system includes a lower rod and a first-axis pan-tilt head connected to the upper end of the lower rod, the free end of the first-axis pan-tilt head is connected to the second-axis pan-tilt head, the second-axis pan-tilt head is in a "U"-shaped structure, an imaging body is rotatably arranged in the second-axis pan-tilt head, a sensor is arranged on the lower end surface of the imaging body, and further includes a height lifting mechanism for connecting the first-axis pan-tilt head and the second-axis pan-tilt head. When working, the sensor collects a vertical distance signal between the lower end of the imaging body and the collected object, and adjusts the position of the imaging body in the vertical direction through the height lifting mechanism according to the vertical distance signal, so as to adjust the vertical distance between the lower end of the imaging body and the collected object; The lifting mechanism comprises a first lifting rod connected to the upper end surface of the second-axis pan-tilt platform, and the first lifting rod is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the connecting assembly, and a supporting ring is provided on the outer movably sleeve of the first lifting rod, and the outer wall of the supporting ring is fixedly connected to the first fixing plate, and the free end of the first fixing plate is fixedly connected to the second fixing plate, and the second fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the first-axis pan-tilt platform. The upper end of the first lifting rod is fixedly connected to the first fixing block, and the side wall of the first fixing block is fixedly connected to the third fixing plate, and the free end of the third fixing plate is fixedly connected to the second fixing block. The lower end surface of the second fixing block is fixedly connected to the second lifting rod, and the lower end of the second lifting rod is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving cylinder, and the driving cylinder is fixedly arranged on the first-axis pan-tilt platform, wherein the first-axis pan-tilt platform and the second-axis pan-tilt platform are staggered in the vertical direction; the connecting assembly comprises a fixed connection The cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame of the second-axis support frame, and the cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame of the second-axis support frame. The cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame of the second-axis support frame. The cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame of the second-axis support frame.

2. The imaging system used in the method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The position locking mechanism also includes a first guide support assembly arranged between the first magnet block and the first electromagnet and used to connect the first magnet block and the first electromagnet. The first guide support assembly includes a first guide support rod, a first guide support tube and a first guide support spring. The first guide support rod is movably inserted in the first guide support tube, the first guide support spring is wound outside the first guide support rod, and the two ends of the first guide support spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the first guide support rod and the outer side wall of the first guide support tube.

3. The imaging system used in the method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The imaging system also includes a fastening mechanism, which includes a rigid fastening plate and an elastic fastening plate connected to each other, the elastic fastening plate being arranged close to the imaging body, the rigid fastening plate and the elastic fastening plate being movably arranged in a second movable groove, the second movable groove being opened on the second-axis pan-tilt platform, a first movable rod being fixedly connected to the side wall of the rigid fastening plate, the first movable rod being movably inserted into the second-axis pan-tilt platform, a free end of the first movable rod being fixedly connected to a second magnet block, a second electromagnet matching the second magnet block being fixedly connected to the side wall of the second-axis pan-tilt platform, the second electromagnet being movably sleeved outside the first movable rod, a second guide support assembly being fixedly connected to the side wall of the second magnet block, the free end of the second guide support assembly being fixedly connected to the second-axis pan-tilt platform, the second guide support assembly including a second guide support rod, a second guide support tube and a second guide support spring, the second guide support rod being movably inserted into the second guide support tube, the second guide support spring being wound and connected to the outside of the second guide support rod, and the two ends of the second guide support spring being respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the second guide support rod and the outer wall of the second guide support tube.

4. The imaging system used in the method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The imaging system also includes a heat dissipation mechanism, which includes a connecting plate connected to the second magnet block, the side wall of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the second moving rod, the outer fixed sleeve of the second moving rod is provided with a driving screw rod, the driving screw rod is movably inserted into the second-axis pan-tilt platform, the outer thread sleeve of the driving screw rod is provided with an internal threaded tube, the internal threaded tube is rotatably set on the side wall of the second-axis pan-tilt platform, the outer fixed sleeve of the internal threaded tube is provided with a first driving gear, the first driving gear and the second driving gear are meshed with each other, the second driving gear is fixedly sleeved outside the second rotating rod, one end of the second rotating rod is rotatably set on the side wall of the second-axis pan-tilt platform, and the other end of the second rotating rod is fixedly connected to a rotating fan.

5. A method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: using a microscope and the imaging system as claimed in claim 1, obtaining a microstructural image of the agarwood sample; S2: Input the microstructure image of the agarwood test sample into the agarwood authenticity identification model based on microscopic images. If the judgment result is ≥90%, it is authentic agarwood, and the test is stopped. If the judgment result is less than 90%, the agarwood test sample is subjected to authenticity identification based on odor analysis; S3: According to the agarwood authenticity identification model based on odor, the data of the agarwood test sample in each sensor of the electronic nose is obtained; S4: Turn on the automatic pattern recognition system of the electronic nose, input the 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose odor recognition data of the agarwood test into the clustering recognition model of the authenticity sample, and use the Euclidean algorithm, the deterministic finite automatic algorithm, and the segmented expansion algorithm to give the discrimination results. If all three algorithms are judged to be true, the test sample is judged to be authentic agarwood. If one or more algorithms are judged to be false, the test sample is judged to be counterfeit agarwood.

6. The method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose according to claim 5, characterized in that: The agarwood authenticity identification model based on microscopic images includes the following steps: S11: Using a microscope and imaging system, obtain microstructural images of authentic agarwood samples; S12: extracting features from the sample microstructure image to obtain features of the sample's pores, internal phloem, wood fibers, or wood rays, as well as features of surface finish, color, oil distribution, or oil overflow; S13: Obtain the microstructure image feature vector of the authenticity sample of the agarwood; use a set algorithm to train the sample feature vector to obtain an agarwood recognition model.

7. The method for rapid and non-destructive authenticity identification of agarwood based on microscopic imaging and electronic nose according to claim 6, characterized in that: The odor-based agarwood authenticity identification model includes the following steps: S31: Place the agarwood sample in a sealed container and let it stand at room temperature for 30-60 minutes, or shake the sample at 60°C for 10-20 minutes; S32: Turn on the electronic nose and preheat the device for 20-30 minutes. Insert the sampling needle of the sensor into the soft cap of the sealed injection bottle, with the distance between the injection needle tip and the bottle opening being 1 / 3 of the bottle height. Then, insert the air inlet needle of the sensor into the soft cap of the injection bottle, with the distance between the air inlet needle tip and the bottle opening being 1 mm greater than the distance between the injection needle tip and the bottle opening. Then, set the array parameters of the sensor for detection: gas flow rate 0.5-0.7 L / min, cleaning time 50-100 s, detection time 80-100 s, start sampling and measurement at 15-30°C, and obtain data of the authenticity detection sample in each sensor of the electronic nose. S33: Turn on the automated pattern recognition system of the electronic nose and use linear discriminant analysis to cluster the 40s, 50s, and 60s electronic nose gas recognition data of the genuine agarwood samples, respectively, to obtain a cluster recognition model for the genuine agarwood samples.

Images