A seismic simulation analysis method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a seismic simulation analysis method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: using a finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field continuation on a seismic source wavelet, and applying the wave field continued seismic source wavelet to a three-dimensional velocity model; obtaining a seismic record generated when the wave field continued seismic source wavelet acts on the three-dimensional velocity model through an observation system; dividing data of the seismic record to obtain OVT slices, and numbering the OVT slices; selecting OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data; performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result; sorting the migration imaging result, and one sorting forms an OVT snail gather; and analyzing variation of a reflection signal of the OVT snail gather with an azimuth angle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seismic data simulation processing, in particular to a seismic simulation analysis method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] The earth medium has a wide range of anisotropic effects. A large number of studies have shown that, at the microscale, the seismic wave propagates fastest along the growth direction of mineral particles and slowest perpendicular to the growth direction of mineral particles; at the macroscale, the seismic wave propagates fastest along the rock layer direction, stress direction and fault strike, and slowest perpendicular to the rock layer direction, stress direction and fault strike. The above propagation law of the seismic wave in the underground medium can be used to guide the interpretation of seismic data, identify specific geological phenomena such as fracture development, unconventional shale oil and gas fracture reservoirs, etc. It is an important method for revealing anisotropic characteristics at present. By dividing the seismic data into common offset vector gathers of limited offset and azimuth, the azimuth information of the seismic data can be well maintained, which is conducive to fast and slow wave velocity analysis based on azimuth and the study of the fracture distribution in the underground, thereby providing strong support for exploration and development. At present, a large number of application researches on OVT domain fracture prediction have been carried out in the industry. However, the seismic data processing is limited by technical bottlenecks and affected by human factors, and the anisotropic information extracted therefrom lacks reliable demonstration and analysis, thereby leading to the lack of reliable demonstration and analysis of the fracture prediction based on OVT wide-azimuth processing. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a seismic simulation analysis method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium.

[0004] The present application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, which comprises:

[0005] The wave field continuation of the seismic source wavelet is carried out by using the finite difference acoustic wave equation, and the wave field continuation of the seismic source wavelet is applied to the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0006] The seismic record generated when the wave field continuation of the seismic source wavelet is applied to the three-dimensional velocity model is obtained by the observation system;

[0007] The data of the seismic record is divided to obtain OVT slices, and the OVT slices are numbered;

[0008] The OVT slices with the same number are selected to constitute one observation data;

[0009] The observation data is subjected to OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0010] The migration imaging result is sorted, and one OVT snail gather is constituted by one sorting.

[0011] Analyzing the variation of the reflection signals of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0012] In some embodiments, before the wave field continuation of the source wavelet by using the finite difference acoustic wave equation, the method comprises:

[0013] Determining the type and dominant frequency of the source wavelet;

[0014] The wave field continuation of the source wavelet by using the finite difference acoustic wave equation comprises: based on the type and dominant frequency of the source wavelet, the wave field continuation of the source wavelet by using the finite difference acoustic wave equation.

[0015] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0016] According to the structural interpretation of the seismic production data of the research area, a velocity interface conforming to the geological characteristics of the research area is constructed;

[0017] According to the seismic surface elevation information, a relief surface interface conforming to the geological characteristics of the research area is constructed;

[0018] According to the acoustic logging velocity and the seismic velocity analysis result, the velocity filling value between each velocity interface is determined;

[0019] Based on the velocity interface, the relief surface interface and the velocity filling value, a three-dimensional velocity model conforming to the geological characteristics of the research area is constructed.

[0020] In some embodiments, the observation system adopts an observation mode of middle shooting and two-side receiving.

[0021] In some embodiments, the method for dividing the data of the seismic record to obtain OVT pieces and numbering the OVT pieces comprises:

[0022] The data of the seismic record is cut into multiple rectangles by the shooting lines and the receiving lines in the observation system, and each rectangle is an OVT piece, wherein the shooting lines and the receiving lines are arranged in cross.

[0023] Taking the intersection point of each of the shooting lines and each of the receiving lines as the center, the OVT pieces are numbered in the clockwise direction from the inside to the outside starting from the zero point.

[0024] In some embodiments, the method for sorting the migration imaging result to form an OVT snail gather at a time comprises:

[0025] OVT pieces with the same common midpoint CMP are taken as a set;

[0026] The OVT pieces in the set are sorted in descending order according to the corresponding OVT numbers, to form an OVT snail track set.

[0027] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0028] The finite difference acoustic wave equation is run using a GPU accelerated algorithm.

[0029] Embodiments of the present application provide a seismic simulation analysis device, the device comprising:

[0030] A wave field continuation module is configured to perform wave field continuation on a seismic source wavelet using a finite difference acoustic wave equation, and apply the wave field continued seismic source wavelet to a three-dimensional velocity model.

[0031] An acquisition module is configured to acquire seismic records generated when the wave field continued seismic source wavelet is applied to the three-dimensional velocity model through an observation system.

[0032] A division module is configured to divide data of the seismic records to obtain OVT pieces, and number the OVT pieces.

[0033] A selection module is configured to select OVT pieces with the same number to form one set of observation data.

[0034] A migration imaging module is configured to perform OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result.

[0035] A sorting module is configured to sort the migration imaging result, and one sorting forms one OVT snail track set.

[0036] An analysis module is configured to analyze variation of reflection signals of the OVT snail track set with azimuth.

[0037] Embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the computer program being executed by the processor to execute the method of any one of the above.

[0038] Embodiments of the present application provide a storage medium, the storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program being executed by one or more processors, and being used to implement the method of any one of the above.

[0039] The embodiment of the present application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium, a finite difference acoustic wave equation is used for wave field continuation of a seismic source wavelet, the wave field continued seismic source wavelet is applied to a three-dimensional velocity model; a seismic record generated when the wave field continued seismic source wavelet is applied to the three-dimensional velocity model is obtained through an observation system; data of the seismic record is divided to obtain an OVT piece, and the OVT piece is numbered; OVT pieces with the same number are selected to constitute one-time observation data; the observation data is subjected to OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging to obtain migration imaging results; the migration imaging results are sorted, one sorting constitutes an OVT snail gather; variation of a reflection signal of the OVT snail gather with an azimuth angle is analyzed; the variation of the reflection signal with the azimuth angle can be compared with anisotropy information obtained from seismic data, so that reliable analysis of the anisotropy information is realized, and then reliable argument analysis of crack prediction of OVT wide-azimuth processing can be realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] The present application will be described in more detail below based on the embodiments and with reference to the drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart of a seismic simulation analysis method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0042] Figure 2 A prestack depth migration imaging profile provided by the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional velocity model provided by the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of dividing OVT pieces and numbering provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an OVT snail gather provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0046] Figure 6 Another flowchart of a seismic simulation analysis method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0047] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of a seismic simulation analysis device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0048] Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings, and the described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] In the following description, "some embodiments" are referred to, which describe a subset of all possible embodiments, but it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0051] If similar descriptions of "first\second\third" appear in the application file, the following explanations are added. In the following description, the terms "first\second\third" referred to are only to distinguish similar objects, and do not represent a specific order of the objects. It can be understood that "first\second\third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence as allowed, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0053] Embodiment one

[0054] Based on the problems in the related art, the present application provides a seismic simulation analysis method. The method is applied to an electronic device, which can be a computer, a mobile phone or the like. The function realized by the seismic simulation analysis method provided by the present application can be realized by calling program code by a processor of the electronic device, wherein the program code can be saved in a computer storage medium.

[0055] The present application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, as shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, as shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, as shown in

[0056] Step S1: using a finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field continuation on a seismic source wavelet, and applying the wave field continued seismic source wavelet to a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the finite difference acoustic wave equation is used to carry out wave field continuation on the source wavelet, the wave field continued source wavelet propagates in the three-dimensional velocity model, the finite difference method is used to solve the finite difference acoustic wave equation, and the propagation of the source wavelet in the three-dimensional velocity model at different time and space positions is obtained.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the GPU acceleration algorithm is used to run the finite difference acoustic wave equation. The GPU acceleration algorithm is stored in the GPU, the memory types of the GPU include a local memory (Local Memory) and a shared memory (Shared Memory), the calculation of the particle motion velocity and stress of the grid points of the three-dimensional velocity model can be fully accelerated by the different properties of the local memory and the shared memory, the attribute values can be the particle motion velocity and stress of the grid points, and due to the difference between the different memories in the image processor (GPU), a suitable strategy is needed to fully use the calculation capacity of the GPU. The process of difference is the calculation of grid points one by one, and the values of surrounding grid points are used therebetween. The Local Memory has the fastest reading speed, the grid points to be calculated are first read into the Local Memory, when the value of the next grid point to be calculated is needed, only one point is read from the Shared Memory to calculate the value of the next grid point, and the calculation efficiency can be greatly improved by using the strategy.

[0059] Step S2: obtaining the seismic record generated when the wave field continued source wavelet acts on the three-dimensional velocity model through an observation system;

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the observation system adopts the observation mode of middle shooting and two-side receiving. For example, the observation system is designed to have orthogonal arrangement of 6-shot 40-line receiving, the shot point distance is 40 m, the shot line distance is 360 m, the geophone point distance is 20 m, the geophone line distance is 240 m, the full coverage number is 280, the non-range is 4780 m, the range is 5030 m, the horizontal range ratio is 0.95, the record length is 5 s, and 5166 shots are simulated.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the basic parameters of the observation system include detection points, the number of detection points, detection distance, detection line, detection distance, shot point, number of shot points, shot point distance, shot line, shot line distance, etc. Among them, the detection point distance is the distance between each detection point; the detection line refers to a straight line segment consisting of a column or a row of detection points, and the detection line distance refers to the distance between each detection line; the number of detection points is the number of all detection points. The detection point is also called an acquisition device and can be activated at the same time as the shot point is excited, or it can remain active all the time; the shot line refers to a straight line segment consisting of a column or a row of shot points, and the shot line distance refers to the distance between each shot line; the shot point distance refers to the distance between each shot point at each excitable position; the number of shot points is the number of shot points at all excitable positions. Among them, the excitable position refers to the position where the shot point can be laid. The target excitation point is selected from the excitable position. After the target excitation point is determined, the shot point is laid at the corresponding excitable position. When the target excitation point is excited, seismic waves are generated, which propagate spherically toward the 3D velocity model. Different velocity interfaces in the 3D velocity model have different densities. Therefore, the source wavelet will be reflected, projected, and refracted at different velocity interfaces. The data collected by the receiver points are the reflected waves from each velocity interface, which also propagate spherically toward the surface. Therefore, the installed receiver points can receive all of these reflected waves and other simulated data, thereby obtaining seismic records.

[0062] Step S3: Dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices, and numbering the OVT slices;

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, the detection lines and shot lines in the observation system are cross-set, so the seismic recorded data can be divided into OVT slices by the detection lines and shot lines, and the OVT slices are numbered to facilitate the subsequent screening of observation data and subsequent sorting.

[0064] Step S4: select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, OVT slices with the same number are used to form one observation data, so as to facilitate OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging of the observation data.

[0066] Step S5: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the observation data is subjected to OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging to obtain a migration imaging result, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The pre-stack depth migration imaging profile provided in this embodiment facilitates the study of OVT anisotropy effects based on the migration imaging results.

[0068] Step S6: sorting the migration results, and one sorting forms an OVT snail trace gather;

[0069] In the embodiments of the present application, the OVT snail trace gather is a common midpoint trace gather, all the traces of the common midpoint trace gather come from the same center point, and the common midpoint trace gather can be obtained by extracting the trace gather.

[0070] Step S7: analyzing the variation law of the reflection signals of the OVT snail trace gather with the azimuth angle.

[0071] In the embodiments of the present application, by analyzing the variation law of the reflection signals of the OVT snail trace gather with the azimuth angle, and comparing and analyzing the crack prediction of the OVT wide-azimuth processing, the reliability of the crack prediction of the OVT wide-azimuth processing can be demonstrated and analyzed. This is helpful for guiding the understanding of the reliability of the anisotropy information of the underground medium revealed by the OVT wide-azimuth processing of the seismic data, and lays a foundation for the demonstration and analysis of the crack-type anisotropy reservoir prediction of the oil and gas seismic exploration.

[0072] In summary, the purpose of the present application is to accurately simulate the seismic wide-azimuth acquisition and the OVT wide-azimuth processing analysis, to meet the reliability demonstration and analysis demand of the crack prediction based on the OVT wide-azimuth processing, and to guide the interpretation personnel to understand the reliability of the crack prediction results. Therefore, the present application has a good application prospect in the application research of the crack prediction.

[0073] Embodiment Two

[0074] Based on the problems in the related art, the embodiments of the present application provide a seismic simulation analysis method, which is applied to an electronic device, which can be a computer, a mobile phone or the like. The function realized by the seismic simulation analysis method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be realized by calling program codes by the processor of the electronic device, wherein the program codes can be saved in a computer storage medium.

[0075] The embodiments of the present application provide a seismic simulation analysis method, which comprises:

[0076] Step S10: determining the type and the main frequency of the source wavelet;

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, the type of the source wavelet can be selected as a Ricker wavelet, and the main frequency can be set according to the actual data.

[0078] Step S20: using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field continuation on the source wavelet, comprising: using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field continuation on the source wavelet based on the type and the main frequency of the source wavelet;

[0079] Step S30: obtaining the seismic record produced when the wavefield extended source wavelet acts on the three-dimensional velocity model through the observation system;

[0080] Step S40: dividing the data of the seismic record to obtain OVT pieces, and numbering the OVT pieces;

[0081] Step S50: selecting OVT pieces with the same number to constitute one observation data;

[0082] Step S60: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain migration imaging results;

[0083] Step S70: sorting the migration imaging results, and sorting once to constitute an OVT snail gather;

[0084] Step S80: analyzing the variation law of the reflection signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0085] The method provided by the embodiment of the application is based on the type and main frequency of the source wavelet, and the wavefield extension of the source wavelet is performed by using the finite difference acoustic wave equation, so that the relevant personnel can select the type and main frequency of the corresponding source wavelet according to the research area, so that the source wavelet is more consistent with the actual seismic wave.

[0086] Embodiment three

[0087] Based on the problems in the related art, the embodiment of the application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, which is applied to an electronic device, which can be a computer, a mobile phone, or the like. The function realized by the seismic simulation analysis method provided by the embodiment of the application can be realized by calling program code by the processor of the electronic device, wherein the program code can be saved in a computer storage medium.

[0088] The embodiment of the application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, which comprises:

[0089] Step S101: constructing a velocity interface conforming to the geological characteristics of the research area according to the structural interpretation of the seismic result data of the research area;

[0090] In the embodiment of the application, the structural interpretation data of the seismic result data can be prepared in advance by using any existing method, wherein the structural interpretation data of the seismic result data is to study the distribution range and fluctuation state of the stratigraphic interface, the fault development condition by using the reflection time, the phase consistency, the wave velocity and other kinematic information of the seismic wave, and to convert the travel event in the seismic event profile into the depth of the stratigraphic interface, and to draw a geological structure map. Therefore, the velocity interface conforming to the geological characteristics of the research area can be constructed by the structural interpretation of the seismic result data.

[0091] Step S102: constructing an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the earthquake surface elevation information;

[0092] In the embodiments of this application, seismic surface elevation information refers to the elevation of a point on the ground. Seismic surface elevation information is the vertical height relative to the Yellow Sea level, with the elevation given by the control point as the standard. Therefore, seismic surface elevation information can be used to construct an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area.

[0093] Step S103: determining the velocity filling value between each velocity interface based on the acoustic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis results;

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, the acoustic logging velocity can be obtained by acoustic velocity logging, which is referred to as acoustic velocity logging. It is a type of logging method that measures the propagation velocity of acoustic waves in the wellbore formation in the well. Since acoustic velocity logging directly records the acoustic time difference (i.e., the inverse of the acoustic velocity), it is often called acoustic time difference logging. The propagation velocity of acoustic waves in rocks is related to the properties of the rock, porosity, and the properties of the fluid filled in the pores. Therefore, by studying the propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves in rocks, the porosity of the rock can be determined and the lithology and pore fluid properties can be judged. The core component of the acoustic velocity logging instrument is the acoustic system, which consists of an acoustic wave transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer. According to the number of transducers, it can be divided into single-transmitting dual-receiving, single-transmitting three-receiving, dual-transmitting dual-receiving, dual-transmitting four-receiving and other logging instruments. Among them, single-transmitting dual-receiving and dual-transmitting dual-receiving logging instruments are more commonly used.

[0095] Step S104: constructing a three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area based on the velocity interface, the undulating surface interface, and the velocity filling value;

[0096] In the embodiment of the present application, a three-dimensional velocity model is constructed based on the velocity interface and the undulating surface interface, and then the velocity filling value is filled into each velocity interface to construct a three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional velocity model provided in this embodiment. There are three-dimensional coordinate axes in the figure, X-axls represents the X-axis, Y-axls represents the Y-axis, Z-axls represents the Z-axis, the unit is m, P-velocity is the velocity filling value, the unit is m / s, and different colors represent different velocity filling values.

[0097] Step S105: using the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet, and applying the source wavelet after wave field extension to the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0098] Step S106: obtaining, by an observation system, seismic records generated when the wave field extended source wavelet acts on the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0099] Step S107: dividing data of the seismic records to obtain OVT pieces, and numbering the OVT pieces;

[0100] Step S108: selecting OVT pieces with the same number to form one observation data;

[0101] Step S109: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity pre-stack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain migration imaging results;

[0102] Step S110: sorting the migration imaging results, and sorting once to form one OVT snail gather;

[0103] Step S111: analyzing variation of reflection signals of the OVT snail gather with azimuth.

[0104] The method provided by the embodiment of the application can construct a velocity interface conforming to geological features of a research area according to structural interpretation of seismic result data of the research area, construct a fluctuating surface interface conforming to geological features of the research area according to seismic surface elevation information, determine velocity filling values between velocity interfaces according to acoustic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis results, and construct a three-dimensional velocity model conforming to geological features of the research area based on the velocity interface, the fluctuating surface interface and the velocity filling values, so that a three-dimensional velocity model conforming to geological features of the research area can be obtained, more accurate seismic records can be obtained, and variation of reflection signals with azimuth can be obtained more accurately through the seismic records.

[0105] Embodiment Four

[0106] Based on the problems in the related art, an embodiment of the application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, which is applied to an electronic device, and the electronic device can be a computer, a mobile phone or the like. The function realized by the seismic simulation analysis method provided by the embodiment of the application can be realized by calling program code by a processor of the electronic device, and the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0107] An embodiment of the application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, which comprises:

[0108] Step S201: performing wave field extension on a source wavelet by using a finite difference acoustic wave equation, and applying the wave field extended source wavelet to a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0109] Step S202: obtaining, by an observation system, seismic records generated when the wave field extended source wavelet acts on the three-dimensional velocity model;

[0110] Step S203: Cutting the seismic record data into a plurality of rectangles using the shot lines and the receiver lines in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT slice, wherein the shot lines and the receiver lines are arranged crosswise;

[0111] In the embodiments of this application, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The schematic diagram of dividing and numbering OVT slices provided in the embodiment of the present application includes several shot lines and several detection lines. All shot lines are arranged in parallel, so the detection lines are arranged in parallel, and the detection lines are perpendicular to the shot lines. The seismic record (OVT domain) is cut into multiple rectangles by the shot lines and the detection lines. One rectangle is an OVT slice, which also includes shot points, detection points and common center points CMP.

[0112] Step S204: Taking the intersection of each shot line and each detection line as the center, number the OVT slices from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from the zero point.

[0113] In the embodiments of this application, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of dividing and numbering OVT slices provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein each shot line and each detection line has an intersection, and the OVT slices are numbered from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from the zero point, with the intersection of the shot line and the detection line as the center, where different numbers represent different offset and azimuth information.

[0114] Step S205: selecting OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data;

[0115] Step S206: performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result;

[0116] Step S207: sorting the migration imaging results, and forming an OVT snail gather once sorted;

[0117] Step S208: analyzing the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

[0118] The method provided in an embodiment of the present application cuts the seismic record data into multiple rectangles using the shot lines and detection lines in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT slice, wherein the shot lines and the detection lines are arranged crosswise; the OVT slices are numbered from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from zero, with the intersection of each shot line and each detection line as the center, so that the seismic record can be quickly divided into OVT slices and numbered.

[0119] Example 5

[0120] Based on the problems in the related art, an earthquake simulation analysis method is provided in the embodiments of the present application. The method is applied to an electronic device, which can be a computer, a mobile phone or the like. The function realized by the earthquake simulation analysis method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be realized by calling program code by a processor of the electronic device, wherein the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0121] The embodiments of the present application provide an earthquake simulation analysis method, which comprises:

[0122] Step S301: wave field continuation is performed on a seismic source wavelet by using a finite difference acoustic wave equation, and the wave field continued seismic source wavelet is applied to a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0123] Step S302: seismic records generated when the wave field continued seismic source wavelet is applied to the three-dimensional velocity model are obtained by an observation system;

[0124] Step S303: data of the seismic records are divided to obtain OVT pieces, and the OVT pieces are numbered;

[0125] Step S304: OVT pieces with the same number are selected to constitute one observation data;

[0126] Step S305: OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging is performed on the observation data to obtain migration imaging results;

[0127] Step S306: OVT pieces with the same common midpoint CMP are taken as a set;

[0128] In the embodiments of the present application, OVT pieces with the same common midpoint CMP are taken as a set, thereby constituting a common midpoint gather. All traces of the common midpoint gather come from the same center point, and the common midpoint gather (set) can be obtained by extracting the gather. By performing moveout correction and horizontal stacking, a horizontal stacked profile can be obtained, which can be used for fracture prediction data and extraction of various azimuth angles.

[0129] Step S307: the OVT pieces in the set are sorted in descending order according to the corresponding OVT numbers to constitute an OVT snail gather.

[0130] In the embodiments of the present application, the vertical axis of the OVT snail gather represents time, and the horizontal axis of the OVT snail gather represents azimuth angle and offset distance. In the embodiments of the present application, the OVT pieces in the set are sorted in descending order according to the OVT numbers to constitute the OVT snail gather, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the OVT snail gather provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 2. The OVT snail gather is shown in FIG. 2. Figure 5As shown, the change rule of the reflection signal with the azimuth angle is analyzed by the relevant personnel.

[0131] Step S308: Analyzing the change rule of the reflection signal of the OVT snail track set with the azimuth angle.

[0132] The method provided by the embodiment of the application is to take the OVT pieces with the same common midpoint CMP as a set, sort the OVT pieces in the set according to the corresponding OVT numbers from large to small to form an OVT snail track set, and facilitate the relevant personnel to analyze the change rule of the reflection signal with the azimuth angle.

[0133] Embodiment six

[0134] Based on the problems in the related art, the embodiment of the application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, which is applied to an electronic device, which can be a computer, a mobile phone or the like. The function realized by the seismic simulation analysis method provided by the embodiment of the application can be realized by calling program code by the processor of the electronic device, wherein the program code can be saved in a computer storage medium.

[0135] The embodiment of the application provides a seismic simulation analysis method, and the purpose of the application is to accurately simulate seismic wide-azimuth acquisition and data OVT wide-azimuth processing analysis, meet the reliability demonstration analysis requirement of the current crack prediction research work based on OVT wide-azimuth processing, and guide the interpreter to understand the reliability of crack prediction results.

[0136] The principle of the application is as follows: first, a simplified three-dimensional velocity model is established according to the geological characteristics of the research area, a wide-azimuth acquisition observation system is designed, a source wave type and a main frequency are selected, a GPU acceleration algorithm is used for finite difference acoustic wave equation wave field continuation on the three-dimensional velocity model, source records are obtained through the observation system, the source records are divided and numbered into OVT pieces, each OVT piece is subjected to true-surface true-velocity prestack depth migration processing, the OVT pieces after migration are sequentially sorted according to the common midpoint CMP and the OVT piece numbers to form an OVT snail track set, and anisotropy analysis is performed on the OVT snail track set to study the anisotropy characteristics.

[0137] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 6 Another flowchart of the seismic simulation analysis method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in FIG. 1, and the steps are as follows:

[0138] The existing seismic data in the study area is interpreted to outline the simplified velocity interface consistent with the regional geological understanding; the actual undulating surface interface is established according to the existing seismic surface elevation information; the velocity filling value between each velocity interface is determined according to the acoustic logging velocity and the seismic velocity analysis result, and finally the simplified three-dimensional velocity model consistent with the regional geological understanding is established; the three-dimensional seismic numerical simulation is carried out based on the three-dimensional velocity model.

[0139] The observation system defines the relative position relationship of shot points in three-dimensional seismic numerical simulation, and determines the observation ability of the numerical simulation to the velocity model. In order to be consistent with the actual situation, the observation system of three-dimensional seismic numerical simulation is designed by referring to the observation system of the existing seismic data in the study area, and the specific parameters are as follows: the observation mode of shooting in the middle and receiving on both sides, the orthogonal arrangement of 6-shot 40-line is designed, the shot point distance is 40m, the shot line distance is 360m, the receiver point distance is 20m, the receiver line distance is 240m, the full coverage times is 280 times, the non-range is 4780m, the range is 5030m, the horizontal range ratio is 0.95, the recording length is 5s, and 5166 shots are simulated.

[0140] The source wavelet type and main frequency are selected, the source wavelet is selected as the Ricker wavelet, and the main frequency of the seismic simulation wavelet is set according to the actual production data.

[0141] GPU acceleration algorithm is used for finite difference acoustic wave equation wave field continuation to obtain source record, GPU acceleration algorithm is used to improve the operation efficiency of the program, and the huge operation time problem of three-dimensional wave field continuation is made up.

[0142] According to the observation system information, the source record generated by simulation is divided and numbered by OVT sheet, the OVT sheet division mode is cross cutting to form a plurality of rectangles by the intersection of each shot line and receiver line, each rectangle is an OVT sheet, and the intersection point of each shot line and receiver line is taken as the center, which is numbered clockwise from zero, and different numbers represent different offset and azimuth information.

[0143] The OVT sheet data with the same number is selected to form an observation of the study area, and the OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging is carried out, and the OVT anisotropy effect research is carried out based on the migration imaging result;

[0144] According to the common midpoint CMP and OVT sheet numbering, all the one-time coverage data after migration is sorted in turn, that is, the same common midpoint CMP data is a collection, and the data in the collection is sorted from large to small according to the OVT numbering, forming the OVT snail gather.

[0145] The longitudinal axis of the OVT snail gather represents time, and the transverse axis represents azimuth and offset distance, and if anisotropy parameters are considered in the process of establishing a velocity model, the reflection signals in the OVT snail gather should change regularly with the azimuth. By analyzing the change rule of the reflection signals in the OVT snail gather formed in the first step with the azimuth, the anisotropy characteristics of the underground medium are understood and verified.

[0146] The present application aims at the problem that the anisotropy information revealed by OVT wide-azimuth processing of seismic data and the reliability of prediction of fractured reservoirs are difficult to demonstrate. According to the geological characteristics of the research area, a three-dimensional velocity model is established, a wide-azimuth acquisition observation system is designed, a source wavelet type and a main frequency are selected, a GPU accelerated algorithm is used to perform finite difference acoustic wave equation wave field continuation to obtain source records, the source records are divided and numbered in the OVT domain, then OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging is performed, finally, data sorting is performed according to CMP and OVT numbers to obtain OVT snail gathers and analyze the anisotropy characteristics thereof. The present application has a good application prospect in the aspects of OVT wide-azimuth processing guidance and demonstration analysis of prediction of fractured anisotropic reservoirs in oil and gas seismic exploration.

[0147] Embodiment seven

[0148] Embodiments of the present application provide a seismic simulation analysis device, as shown in Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the seismic simulation analysis device provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in Figure 7 The device comprises:

[0149] A wave field continuation module is configured to perform wave field continuation on the source wavelet by using a finite difference acoustic wave equation, and apply the wave field continued source wavelet to a three-dimensional velocity model;

[0150] An acquisition module is configured to acquire seismic records generated when the wave field continued source wavelet is applied to the three-dimensional velocity model through an observation system;

[0151] A division module is configured to divide data of the seismic records to obtain OVT pieces, and number the OVT pieces;

[0152] A selection module is configured to select OVT pieces with the same number to constitute one-time observation data;

[0153] A migration imaging module is configured to perform OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain migration imaging results;

[0154] A sorting module is configured to sort the migration imaging results, and one sorting constitutes one OVT snail gather;

[0155] An analysis module is configured to analyze the change rule of reflection signals in the OVT snail gather with the azimuth.

[0156] In some embodiments, before the wave field continuation of the source wavelet based on the finite difference acoustic wave equation is applied to the three-dimensional velocity model, the device comprises:

[0157] A first determination module is configured to determine the type and dominant frequency of the source wavelet.

[0158] The wave field continuation module is configured to perform wave field continuation of the source wavelet based on the type and dominant frequency of the source wavelet by using the finite difference acoustic wave equation.

[0159] In some embodiments, the device comprises:

[0160] A first construction module is configured to construct a velocity interface in accordance with the geological characteristics of the study area based on the structural interpretation of the seismic production data of the study area.

[0161] A second construction module is configured to construct a relief surface interface in accordance with the geological characteristics of the study area based on the seismic surface elevation information.

[0162] A second determination module is configured to determine the velocity filling value between each velocity interface based on the acoustic logging velocity and the seismic velocity analysis result.

[0163] A third construction module is configured to construct a three-dimensional velocity model in accordance with the geological characteristics of the study area based on the velocity interface, the relief surface interface and the velocity filling value.

[0164] In some embodiments, the observation system adopts an observation mode of middle shooting and two-side receiving.

[0165] In some embodiments, the dividing module comprises:

[0166] A cutting unit is configured to cut the data of the seismic record into a plurality of rectangles by the shooting line and the receiver line in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT piece, wherein the shooting line and the receiver line are arranged in a cross manner.

[0167] A numbering unit is configured to number the OVT pieces in a clockwise direction from inside to outside starting from zero, with the intersection point of each shooting line and each receiver line as the center.

[0168] In some embodiments, the sorting module comprises:

[0169] A collection unit is configured to collect OVT pieces with the same common midpoint CMP as a collection.

[0170] The unit is configured to sort the OVT pieces in the set in descending order of corresponding OVT numbers to form an OVT snail track set.

[0171] In some embodiments, a GPU-accelerated algorithm is employed to run the finite-difference acoustic wave equation.

[0172] Embodiment eight

[0173] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, if the above-mentioned seismic simulation analysis method is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various program code storage media. Thus, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0174] Correspondingly, the embodiments of the present application provide a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the seismic simulation analysis method provided in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0175] Embodiment nine

[0176] The embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device; Figure 8 As shown in the structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 8 The electronic device 100 includes a processor 101, at least one communication bus 102, a user interface 103, at least one external communication interface 104, and a memory 105. The communication bus 102 is configured to realize the connection and communication between the components. The user interface 103 can include a display screen, and the external communication interface 104 can include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. The processor 101 is configured to execute the program of the seismic simulation analysis method stored in the memory to implement the steps of the seismic simulation analysis method provided in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0177] It should be noted that the description of the above storage medium and device embodiments is similar to the description of the above method embodiments, and has similar beneficial effects to the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the storage medium and device embodiments of the present application, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present application for understanding.

[0178] It is to be understood that the terminology "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" used throughout this specification means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described is included in at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics can be implemented in any suitably-arranged

[0179] It has to be understood that the terms "including", "containing", or any other similar term are intended to be recited in a non-exclusive manner, such that a process, a method, an article or an apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not necessarily comprise only those elements in the list, but can also comprise other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. An element defined by the phrase "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes that element.

[0180] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed components can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0181] The units described above as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units can or can not be physical units; they can be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units; and part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0182] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional unit.

[0183] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by program instruction related hardware, and the foregoing program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program performs the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executed; and the foregoing storage medium includes a mobile storage device, a read only memory (ROM), a magnetic disc or an optical disc, and various storage medium capable of storing program codes.

[0184] Alternatively, the integrated units of the present application can be stored in a computer readable storage medium if they are realized in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, includes a plurality of instructions to make a controller execute all or part of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes a mobile storage device, a ROM, a magnetic disc or an optical disc, and various storage medium capable of storing program codes.

[0185] The above is only the implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for earthquake simulation analysis, characterized in that: The method comprises: Using a finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet, and applying the source wavelet after wave field extension to a three-dimensional velocity model; Acquiring, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model; Dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices, and numbering the OVT slices; Select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data; Performing OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result; Sorting the migration imaging results, one sorting constitutes an OVT snail gather; Analyze the variation of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before performing wavefield continuation on the source wavelet using the finite difference acoustic wave equation, the method includes: Determine the type and dominant frequency of the source wavelet; The adopting of the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet includes: adopting the finite difference acoustic wave equation to perform wave field extension on the source wavelet based on the type and main frequency of the source wavelet.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method comprises: Based on the structural interpretation of the seismic data in the study area, a velocity interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed; Based on the seismic surface elevation information, an undulating surface interface that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed; Determine the velocity filling value between each velocity interface based on the results of acoustic logging velocity and seismic velocity analysis; Based on the velocity interface, the undulating surface interface and the velocity filling value, a three-dimensional velocity model that conforms to the geological characteristics of the study area is constructed.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The observation system adopts an observation method of firing in the middle and receiving on both sides.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method of dividing the seismic record data into OVT slices and numbering the OVT slices includes: Cutting the seismic data into a plurality of rectangles by using the shot lines and the receiver lines in the observation system, each rectangle being an OVT slice, wherein the shot lines and the receiver lines are arranged crosswise; The OVT slices are numbered in sequence from the inside to the outside in a clockwise direction starting from the zero point, with the intersection of each shot line and each detection line as the center.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The migration imaging results are sorted, and each sorting forms an OVT snail gather. The method includes: The OVT slices with the same common center point CMP are regarded as a set; The OVT slices in the set are sorted from large to small according to the corresponding OVT numbers to form an OVT snail gather.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Use GPU-accelerated algorithms to run finite-difference acoustic wave equations.

8. An earthquake simulation and analysis device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A wavefield continuation module is used to perform wavefield continuation on the source wavelet using a finite difference acoustic wave equation, and to apply the source wavelet after wavefield continuation to a three-dimensional velocity model; An acquisition module, configured to acquire, through an observation system, earthquake records generated when the source wavelet after the wave field extension acts on the three-dimensional velocity model; a partitioning module, configured to partition the seismic record data into OVT slices and number the OVT slices; A selection module is used to select OVT slices with the same number to form one observation data; A migration imaging module is used to perform OVT domain true surface true velocity prestack depth migration imaging on the observation data to obtain a migration imaging result; The sorting module is used to sort the migration imaging results. One sorting step constitutes an OVT snail gather. The analysis module is used to analyze the variation pattern of the reflected signal of the OVT snail gather with the azimuth angle.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is performed.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The computer program stored in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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