Building complex integrated reflectivity calculation device and method

Abstract

The application provides a building group comprehensive reflectivity calculation device and method, which has the characteristics of comprising a spatial relationship generation module, which is used for processing a target area image to obtain building space data and a radiation angle coefficient; a parameter calculation module, which is used for constructing a building group model according to the building space data, and calculating reflectivity data according to solar position data in solar data and building material data in combination with the building group model; and an environment calculation module, which is used for calculating corresponding comprehensive reflectivity of the building group under different scenes according to existing meteorological parameters, the reflectivity data and the radiation angle coefficient in combination with the building group model. In summary, the method can conveniently, comprehensively and effectively evaluate the solar radiation thermal environment of the building group.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for evaluating the solar radiation environment of a building complex, specifically to a device and method for calculating the comprehensive reflectivity of a building complex. Background Technology

[0002] The unique and random nature of building complexes directly affects solar radiation heat transfer, leading to heat accumulation and impacting building energy consumption and resident comfort. The variable radiation environment and complex structure within building complexes have always been challenges in the field of outdoor environmental research.

[0003] In existing research, commonly used methods are mainly divided into distributed parameter methods and lumped parameter methods. Distributed parameter methods are typically based on computational fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. They divide the study area into a grid, calculate and couple the heat conduction, convective heat transfer, and radiative heat transfer of each grid, and obtain results such as air temperature, humidity, and velocity at different locations within the study area at a given time. These results are time- and space-dependent, i.e., related to the time step and grid division. The calculation requires simplification of the model based on experience, demands high-quality grids, and necessitates theoretical knowledge to set reasonable boundary conditions. Furthermore, the computational simulation is time-consuming, and the post-processing data volume is large, making it difficult to use and time-consuming, far exceeding the requirements of initial architectural design.

[0004] The lumped parameter method assumes that the air temperature is uniform throughout the study area at any given time, meaning the entire space within the study area is a completely homogeneous point mass, and the internal air temperature is time-dependent but spatially independent. By calculating the heat balance of elements surrounding the building, the average temperature of the entire area at different times can be predicted. Simulation tools based on the lumped parameter method have advantages such as fast calculation speed and simple operation, making them more suitable for use in the early stages of building design. However, due to the complexity of building complexes, the results obtained by existing lumped parameter methods generally cannot account for the impact of differences in building interfaces on the overall environment, and these differences are more significant for the comparison and analysis of the radiation environment of building complexes.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more comprehensive and effective method for evaluating the radiation environment within building complexes, which can calculate complex environments more accurately and efficiently while meeting usage requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention is made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a device and method for calculating the comprehensive reflectivity of a building complex.

[0007] This invention provides a device for calculating the comprehensive reflectivity of a building complex. It is used to obtain the comprehensive reflectivity of the building complex based on an image of the target area, building material data, and solar data. The device comprises: a spatial relationship generation module for processing the target area image to obtain building spatial data and radiation angle coefficients; a parameter calculation module for constructing a building complex model based on the building spatial data and calculating reflectivity data based on solar position data and building material data from the solar data, combined with the building complex model; and an environmental calculation module for calculating the reflectivity based on existing meteorological parameters, reflectivity data, and radiation angle coefficients, combined with the building complex model. The comprehensive reflectance of the building complex under different scenarios is calculated using the following environmental calculation module: a reflectance factor calculation unit, used to calculate the comprehensive reflectance factor based on reflectance data and radiation angle coefficient; a basic data calculation unit, used to calculate the proportion and shading ratio coefficient, scattered radiation, direct radiation, and total incident radiation of each surface of the building complex based on meteorological parameters, solar data, and the building complex model; a reflectance calculation unit, used to calculate the spatial reflectance based on the proportion, shading ratio coefficient, scattered radiation, direct radiation, and comprehensive reflectance factor; and a comprehensive reflectance calculation unit, used to calculate the comprehensive reflectance based on the spatial reflectance and total incident radiation.

[0008] The building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device provided by this invention may also have the following feature: wherein the calculation expression for the comprehensive reflectivity factor is: α j =1-ρ j In the formula, ρ k Let X be the surface reflectance of the building complex at surface k in the reflectance data. i,j Let α be the radiation angle coefficient between surface i and surface j. j R is the absorptivity of surface j. k,j Let be the combined reflectance factor of surface k on surface j.

[0009] The building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device provided by this invention may also have the following feature: wherein the calculation expression for spatial reflectivity is: In the formula Q * Let m be the spatial reflectance, and f be the total surface area of ​​the building complex. i Q is the occlusion ratio coefficient. D For direct radiation, Q d For scattered radiation, R i p is the composite reflectance factor corresponding to surface i where reflection occurs. i This represents the percentage.

[0010] The building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device provided by this invention may also have the following feature: wherein the calculation expression for comprehensive reflectivity is: In the formula R * For overall reflectivity, Q * Q is the spatial reflectance. t This represents the total incident radiation.

[0011] The building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein the proportion value is the ratio of the surface area of ​​the corresponding surface to the sum of the surface areas of all surfaces of the building complex, or the surface area of ​​the corresponding surface.

[0012] The building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein the shading ratio coefficient is the ratio of the area of ​​the surface that is shaded to the total area of ​​the surface.

[0013] The building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device provided by the present invention may also have the following features: the spatial relationship generation module includes: a shadow removal unit, used to determine whether there is a shadow in the target area image; if so, the target area image is shadow removed to obtain a shadow-free image; if not, the target area image is used as a shadow-free image; a noise reduction unit, used to perform image noise reduction on the shadow-free image to obtain a noise-reduced image; a side angle correction unit, used to determine whether the noise-reduced image needs side angle correction; if so, the noise-reduced image is corrected to obtain a corrected image; if not, the noise-reduced image is used as the corrected image; and a data calculation unit, used to calculate building space data and radiation angle coefficient based on the corrected image.

[0014] The building complex comprehensive reflectance calculation device provided by the present invention may also have the following features: wherein the reflectance data includes the reflectance of the surface material and the reflectance of the building surface, and the parameter calculation module classifies the surface material of the building complex into porous surface, transparent surface and opaque surface according to the building material data. The porous surface is a surface material that is transparent and opaque, the transparent surface is a surface material that is transparent and transparent, and the opaque surface is a surface material that is not transparent.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for calculating the comprehensive reflectance of a building complex, used to obtain the comprehensive reflectance of the building complex based on an image of the target area, building material data, and solar data. The method includes the following steps: Step S1, processing the image of the target area to obtain building spatial data and radiation angle coefficients; Step S2, constructing a building complex model based on the building spatial data, and calculating reflectance data based on solar position data and building material data from the solar data, combined with the building complex model; Step S3, calculating the reflectance based on meteorological parameters, reflectance data, and radiation angle coefficients, combined with the building complex model. To obtain the comprehensive reflectivity of the building complex under different scenarios, step S3 includes the following sub-steps: Step S3-1, calculate the comprehensive reflectivity factor based on reflectivity data and radiation angle coefficient; Step S3-2, calculate the proportion value and shading ratio coefficient, scattered radiation, direct radiation, and total incident radiation of each surface of the building complex based on meteorological parameters, solar data, and the building complex model; Step S3-3, calculate the spatial reflectance based on the proportion value, shading ratio coefficient, scattered radiation, direct radiation, and comprehensive reflectivity factor; Step S3-4, calculate the comprehensive reflectivity based on the spatial reflectance and total incident radiation.

[0016] The role and effect of invention

[0017] According to the building complex comprehensive reflectance calculation device and method of the present invention, spatial relevant data of a building complex with arbitrary building layout are extracted by the spatial relationship generation module, and the reflectance of the building complex is calculated by the parameter calculation module. Then, the comprehensive reflectance of the building complex under a specified environment is calculated by the environmental calculation module, thereby realizing the analysis and evaluation of the solar radiation thermal environment of the building complex under the specified environment. Therefore, the building complex comprehensive reflectance calculation device and method of the present invention can conveniently, comprehensively, and effectively evaluate the solar radiation thermal environment of a building complex. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for calculating the overall reflectivity of a building complex in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of three building complexes in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This refers to the combined reflectance of the three building complexes in different seasons and time periods in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will specifically illustrate the building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device and method of the present invention.

[0023] When sunlight strikes a building complex, the surface reflection process generally falls into two categories: First, when sunlight strikes the building's roof or the ground at a distance, a single reflection occurs directly. Second, when sunlight strikes the multi-surface structure of the building complex, multiple reflections occur between the surfaces. This latter radiative transfer phenomenon is the main characteristic that distinguishes the radiative heat transfer of a building complex from that of a single building. Therefore, this invention primarily focuses on the amount of radiation reflected from the surface of the building complex into the surrounding space, specifically the reflected radiation portion of the effective radiation, to explore the solar radiative heat accumulation potential of the building complex from a holistic perspective.

[0024] This embodiment provides a device and method for calculating the comprehensive reflectivity of a building complex. Based on an image of the target area of ​​the building complex, building material data, and solar data, the device calculates the comprehensive reflectivity of the building complex. The comprehensive reflectivity reflects the building complex's ability to reflect solar radiation, thus reflecting the potential for thermal accumulation of solar radiation within the building complex, ultimately enabling the analysis and evaluation of the building complex's solar radiation thermal environment.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device 100 includes a spatial relationship generation module 10, a parameter calculation module 20, an environmental calculation module 30, and a control module 40 that controls the above modules.

[0027] The spatial relationship generation module 10 is used to process the target area image to obtain building spatial data and radiation angle coefficients.

[0028] The spatial relationship generation module 10 includes a shadow removal unit 101, a noise reduction unit 102, a side angle correction unit 103, and a data calculation unit 104.

[0029] The shadow removal unit 101 is used to determine whether there is a shadow in the target area image. If so, the shadow is removed from the target area image to obtain a shadow-free image. If not, the target area image is used as a shadow-free image.

[0030] The noise reduction unit 102 is used to perform image noise reduction on the image without shadows to obtain a noise-reduced image.

[0031] The side angle correction unit 103 is used to determine whether the denoised image needs side angle correction. If so, the side angle correction is performed on the denoised image to obtain the corrected image. If not, the denoised image is used as the corrected image.

[0032] The data calculation unit 104 is used to calculate architectural space data and radiation angle coefficients based on the corrected image.

[0033] The parameter calculation module 20 is used to construct a building complex model based on the building space data, and to calculate the reflectivity data based on the solar position data and building material data in the solar data, combined with the building complex model.

[0034] The reflectivity data includes the reflectivity of surface materials and the reflectivity of building surfaces.

[0035] In this embodiment, the surface material reflectivity is determined based on the incident angle and equivalent refractive index of the surface, while the building surface reflectivity is calculated based on the surface material reflectivity and the window-to-wall ratio of the facade. The window-to-wall ratio is the area ratio between windows and the entire facade. In this embodiment, the incident angle is calculated based on the surface's position within the building complex and the sun's position, and the equivalent refractive index is calculated based on the optical properties of the surface material.

[0036] The parameter calculation module 20 classifies the surface materials of the building complex into porous surfaces, transparent surfaces, and opaque surfaces based on building material data. Porous surfaces are translucent but opaque surface materials. Transparent surfaces are translucent and transparent surface materials. Opaque surfaces are non-translucent surface materials.

[0037] In this embodiment, the reflectance data of the porous surface is solved using the Monte Carlo method, while the reflectance data of both the opaque and transparent surfaces are solved using a partitioned calculation method.

[0038] The environmental calculation module 30 is used to calculate the comprehensive reflectance of the building complex under different scenarios based on existing meteorological parameters, reflectance data, and radiation angle coefficient, combined with the building complex model. In this embodiment, the environmental calculation module 30 stores preset meteorological parameters for different scenarios. In other embodiments, the environmental calculation module 30 can obtain meteorological parameters through other channels, such as obtaining meteorological parameters through the Internet, or the user inputting specific meteorological parameters.

[0039] The environmental calculation module 30 includes a reflectance factor calculation unit 301, a basic data calculation unit 302, a reflectance calculation unit 303, and a comprehensive reflectance calculation unit 304.

[0040] The reflectance factor calculation unit 301 is used to calculate the comprehensive reflectance factor based on reflectance data and radiation angle coefficient.

[0041] The formula for calculating the comprehensive reflection factor is as follows:

[0042]

[0043] α j =1-ρ j ,

[0044] In the formula ρ k Let X be the surface reflectance of the building complex at surface k in the reflectance data. i,j Let α be the radiation angle coefficient between surface i and surface j. j R is the absorptivity of surface j. k,j Let be the combined reflectance factor of surface k on surface j.

[0045] In this embodiment, the comprehensive reflection factor is calculated using the reflectivity of the building surface. The reflectivity of the building surface is determined by the window-to-wall ratio in the building information. That is, the reflectivity of the surface materials of the windows and walls on a certain vertical or horizontal surface of the building is used to calculate the corresponding reflectivity of the building surface, which is then used as the reflectivity of that vertical or horizontal surface.

[0046] The basic data calculation unit 302 is used to calculate the proportion value and shading ratio coefficient of each surface of the building complex, scattered radiation, direct radiation and total incident radiation based on meteorological parameters, solar data and building complex model.

[0047] The percentage value is the ratio of the surface area of ​​the corresponding surface to the sum of the surface areas of all surfaces in the building complex, or the surface area of ​​the corresponding surface. The shading ratio coefficient is the ratio of the area of ​​the surface that is shaded to the total area of ​​the surface.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the proportions of each surface of the building complex are ratios, the following relationship is satisfied:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, m is the total number of surfaces, p i Let be the proportion of surface i.

[0051] The reflectance calculation unit 303 is used to calculate the spatial reflectance based on the proportion value, the shading ratio coefficient, the scattered radiation, the direct radiation, and the comprehensive reflectance factor.

[0052] The expression for calculating spatial reflectance is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula Q * Let m be the spatial reflectance, and f be the total surface area of ​​the building complex. i Q is the occlusion ratio coefficient. DFor direct radiation, Q d For scattered radiation, R i p is the composite reflectance factor corresponding to surface i where reflection occurs. i This represents the percentage.

[0055] The comprehensive reflectivity calculation unit 304 is used to calculate the comprehensive reflectivity based on the spatial reflectance and the total incident radiation.

[0056] The formula for calculating the overall reflectance is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula R * For overall reflectivity, Q * Q is the spatial reflectance. t This represents the total incident radiation.

[0059] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, explains the process of calculating the comprehensive reflectivity of a building complex using the building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device 100.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for calculating the overall reflectivity of a building complex in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the method for calculating the overall reflectivity of a building complex includes the following steps:

[0062] Step S1: The spatial relationship generation module 10 is used to process the target area image to obtain building spatial data and radiation angle coefficient.

[0063] Step S2: The parameter calculation module 20 constructs a building cluster model based on the building space data, and calculates the reflectivity data based on the solar position data and building material data in the solar data, combined with the building cluster model.

[0064] Step S3: The environmental calculation module 30 calculates the comprehensive reflectance of the building complex under different scenarios based on meteorological parameters, reflectance data, and radiation angle coefficient, combined with the building complex model.

[0065] Step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0066] Step S3-1: The reflectance factor is calculated by the reflectance calculation unit 301 based on the reflectance data and the radiation angle coefficient.

[0067] In step S3-2, the basic data calculation unit 302 calculates the proportion of each surface of the building complex, the shading ratio coefficient, the scattered radiation, the direct radiation, and the total incident radiation based on meteorological parameters, solar data, and the building complex model.

[0068] Step S3-3: The spatial reflectance is calculated by the reflectance calculation unit 303 based on the proportion value, the shading ratio coefficient, the scattered radiation, the direct radiation, and the comprehensive reflectance factor.

[0069] Step S3-4: The comprehensive reflectivity is calculated by the comprehensive reflectivity calculation unit 304 based on the spatial reflectance and the total incident radiation.

[0070] In this embodiment, the higher the overall reflectivity, the greater the reflectivity of the building complex, the weaker the radiative heat accumulation effect, and the less solar radiation stored inside the building complex.

[0071] The following describes the construction of a comprehensive reflectivity calculation device 100 for a building complex based on existing hardware and software. Specifically, it is based on the Grasshopper platform built into Rhino, implements the function of the spatial relationship generation module 10 using MATLAB, implements the function of the parameter calculation module 20 by writing and embedding the surface material reflectivity calculation process of the Grasshopper platform using the Rhino-Grasshopper platform and Python program, and implements the function of the environment calculation module 30 using the Honeybee and Ladybug plugins in the Grasshopper platform.

[0072] In this embodiment, the building complex comprehensive reflectance calculation device 100 analyzes and processes building complexes with three building layouts: row-and-column, enclosed, and point-and-group, and calculates the comprehensive reflectance corresponding to different seasons.

[0073] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of three building complexes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, (a1) is a top view of a row-and-column building complex, (a2) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a row-and-column building complex, (b1) is a top view of an enclosed building complex, (b2) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an enclosed building complex, (c1) is a top view of a point-group building complex, and (c2) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a point-group building complex.

[0075] The layout parameters of the above-mentioned building complexes are shown in the table below:

[0076]

[0077] The first column of the table above represents each building complex. Columns two through six represent the building dimensions, building angles, X-axis spacing, Y-axis spacing, and number of buildings in each complex, respectively. For example, the cell in the second row and second column indicates that the building dimensions of a row-and-column building complex are 10m × 30m × 30m.

[0078] Figure 4 This refers to the combined reflectance of the three building complexes in different seasons and time periods in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal axis represents time, specifically 8:00 AM, 10:00 AM, 12:00 PM, 2:00 PM, and 4:00 PM for each of the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter), while the vertical axis represents the overall reflectivity. Furthermore, the annual range for row-style building clusters is 0.12, for enclosed building clusters it is 0.18, and for point-group building clusters it is 0.17. This indicates that, except in summer, the point-group layout is more effective at reducing the accumulation of solar radiation heat. Looking at the annual range, the row-style layout has the smallest fluctuation range, while the enclosed layout has the largest. Therefore, the row-style building remains a better option in architectural design.

[0080] In this embodiment, the range and variance of the corresponding building complex can be calculated based on the comprehensive reflectance of each season and time period. The fluctuation of the comprehensive reflectance of the building complex can be obtained through the range and variance. The smaller the fluctuation of the comprehensive reflectance, the more stable the radiation environment of the building complex.

[0081] The role and effect of the embodiments

[0082] According to the building complex comprehensive reflectance calculation device and method involved in this embodiment, spatial relevant data of a building complex with arbitrary building layout is extracted through a spatial relationship generation module, and the reflectance of the building complex is calculated through a parameter calculation module. Then, the comprehensive reflectance of the building complex under a specified environment is calculated through an environmental calculation module, thereby realizing the analysis and evaluation of the solar radiation thermal environment of the building complex under a specified environment. In summary, this method can conveniently, comprehensively, and effectively evaluate the solar radiation thermal environment of a building complex.

[0083] Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for calculating the comprehensive reflectance of a building complex, used to obtain the comprehensive reflectance of the building complex based on an image of the target area of ​​the building complex, building material data, and solar data, characterized in that, include: The spatial relationship generation module is used to process the target area image to obtain building space data and radiation angle coefficients; The parameter calculation module is used to construct a building complex model based on the building space data, and to calculate reflectivity data based on the solar position data in the solar data and the building material data, combined with the building complex model. The environmental calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive reflectance of the building complex under different scenarios based on existing meteorological parameters, the reflectance data, and the radiation angle coefficient, combined with the building complex model. The environmental computing module includes: A reflectance factor calculation unit is used to calculate the comprehensive reflectance factor based on the reflectance data and the radiation angle coefficient; The basic data calculation unit is used to calculate the proportion value and shading ratio coefficient of each surface of the building complex, scattered radiation, direct radiation and total incident radiation based on the meteorological parameters, the solar data and the building complex model. The reflectance calculation unit is used to calculate the spatial reflectance based on the proportion value, the shading ratio coefficient, the scattered radiation, the direct radiation, and the comprehensive reflectance factor. The comprehensive reflectivity calculation unit is used to calculate the comprehensive reflectivity based on the spatial reflectance and the total incident radiation. The formula for calculating the comprehensive reflectance factor is as follows: ， ， In the formula For the surface of the building complex in the reflectivity data The reflectivity of building surfaces For surface For surface The radiation angle coefficient between them For surface absorption rate, For surface For surface The comprehensive reflectance factor The expression for calculating the spatial reflectance is: ， In the formula The spatial reflectance, The total number of surfaces of the building complex. The occlusion ratio coefficient is... The direct radiation, The scattered radiation, For the surface where reflection occurs The corresponding comprehensive reflectance factor, The percentage value is... The formula for calculating the overall reflectivity is as follows: ， In the formula The overall reflectivity, The spatial reflectance, The total incident radiation, The percentage value is the ratio of the surface area of ​​the corresponding surface to the sum of the surface areas of all surfaces in the building complex, or the surface area of ​​the corresponding surface.

2. The building complex comprehensive reflectivity calculation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The occlusion ratio coefficient is the ratio of the area of ​​the surface that is occluded to the total area of ​​the surface.

3. The comprehensive reflectivity calculation device for building complexes according to claim 1, Its features are: The spatial relationship generation module includes: The shadow removal unit is used to determine whether there is a shadow in the target area image. If so, the shadow is removed from the target area image to obtain a shadow-free image. If not, the target area image is used as the shadow-free image. A noise reduction unit is used to perform image noise reduction on the shadowless image to obtain a noise-reduced image; The side angle correction unit is used to determine whether the denoised image needs side angle correction. If so, the side angle correction is performed on the denoised image to obtain a corrected image. If not, the denoised image is used as the corrected image. The data calculation unit is used to calculate the building space data and the radiation angle coefficient based on the corrected image.

4. The comprehensive reflectivity calculation device for building complexes according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The reflectivity data includes the reflectivity of surface materials and the reflectivity of building surfaces. The parameter calculation module classifies the surface materials of the building complex into porous surfaces, transparent surfaces, and opaque surfaces based on the building material data. The porous surface is a surface material that is both permeable and opaque. The transparent surface is a surface material that is both permeable and transparent. The opaque surface is a surface material that is not permeable.

5. A method for calculating the comprehensive reflectivity of a building complex, used to obtain the comprehensive reflectivity of the building complex based on an image of the target area of ​​the building complex, building material data, and solar data, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step S1: Process the image of the target area to obtain building space data and radiation angle coefficient; Step S2: Construct a building cluster model based on the building space data, and calculate the reflectivity data based on the solar position data in the solar data and the building material data, combined with the building cluster model. Step S3: Based on meteorological parameters, the reflectivity data, and the radiation angle coefficient, and in conjunction with the building complex model, calculate the comprehensive reflectivity of the building complex under different scenarios. Step S3 includes the following sub-steps: Step S3-1: Calculate the comprehensive reflectance factor based on the reflectance data and the radiation angle coefficient; Step S3-2: Based on the meteorological parameters, the solar data, and the building complex model, calculate the proportion value and shading ratio coefficient of each surface of the building complex, the scattered radiation, the direct radiation, and the total incident radiation. Step S3-3: Calculate the spatial reflectance based on the proportion value, the shading ratio coefficient, the scattered radiation, the direct radiation, and the comprehensive reflectance factor. Steps S3-4: Calculate the overall reflectivity based on the spatial reflectance and the total incident radiation. The formula for calculating the comprehensive reflectance factor is as follows: ， ， In the formula For the surface of the building complex in the reflectivity data The reflectivity of building surfaces For surface For surface The radiation angle coefficient between them For surface absorption rate, For surface For surface The comprehensive reflectance factor The expression for calculating the spatial reflectance is: ， In the formula The spatial reflectance, The total number of surfaces of the building complex. The occlusion ratio coefficient is... The direct radiation, The scattered radiation, For the surface where reflection occurs The corresponding comprehensive reflectance factor, The percentage value is... The formula for calculating the overall reflectivity is as follows: ， In the formula The overall reflectivity, The spatial reflectance, The total incident radiation, The percentage value is the ratio of the surface area of ​​the corresponding surface to the sum of the surface areas of all surfaces in the building complex, or the surface area of ​​the corresponding surface.

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