The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous article detection, and provides a small-size hazardous article terahertz
wave band dielectric constant testing method and
system, and the method comprises the steps: placing a to-be-tested material between two convex lenses, controlling a
horn antenna of a
spread spectrum module to emit an electromagnetic wave, and in any
radiation angle, viewing the electromagnetic wave as a
plane wave, acquiring an S parameter measured by the vector network analyzer, and performing conversion; obtaining the thickness of the to-be-measured material, and converting the thickness into equivalent thickness; obtaining an inversion
dielectric constant through an inversion model; acquiring a
radiation angle, an image distance and an
object distance, converting an incident angle, and determining a conversion
dielectric constant on the basis that the
refraction angle and the incident angle meet the Snell law; the
refraction angle enabling the difference between the inversion dielectric constant and the conversion dielectric constant to be minimum is searched, the dielectric constant under the corresponding
radiation angle is obtained, the average dielectric constant is obtained through integration, and the method adapts to measurement of non-uniform samples and size-limited samples.