A water intoxication prevention system for hysteroscopic electrotomy

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water intoxication prevention system for hysteroscopic resection, belonging to the technical field of medical equipment. The water intoxication prevention system includes: a data acquisition module for obtaining surgical data information related to hysteroscopic resection; a data processing module for receiving and processing the surgical data information obtained by the data acquisition module, and calculating and real-time updating the water intoxication risk value. The data acquisition module includes an input unit and a monitoring unit. The data processing module is configured to: preliminarily calculate the water intoxication risk value according to the estimated surgical duration, the type of distending medium to be used, the scheduled distending pressure, and the measured mean arterial pressure obtained by the input unit, so as to obtain an expected risk value corresponding to the estimated surgical duration; dynamically adjust the preliminarily calculated water intoxication risk value according to the perfusion fluid volume, blood oxygen saturation, serum sodium ion level, and the current surgical duration obtained by the monitoring unit, so as to obtain a dynamic risk value corresponding to the current surgical duration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to a water intoxication prevention system for hysteroscopic electrotomy. Background Art

[0002] Hysteroscopic electrotomy is a minimally invasive surgery mainly used for diagnosing and treating lesions in the female reproductive system, such as endometrial polyps, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis. During this surgery, a hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina, and with the help of an optical system, the inside of the uterine cavity can be directly observed, and the diseased tissue is removed through an electrotomy device. During the operation, a distending medium is injected into the uterine cavity to maintain a clear view and ensure the smooth progress of the operation. However, the use of the distending medium also brings certain risks, among which "water intoxication" is an important complication. The mechanism of water intoxication mainly lies in that the distending medium is excessively absorbed into the blood circulation during the operation, resulting in an excessive fluid load and electrolyte imbalance in the body, especially a decrease in sodium concentration, which may cause edema, disturbance of consciousness, and even endanger life.

[0003] The reasons for excessive absorption of the distending medium include too long operation time, too high distending pressure, and the use of a hypotonic perfusion fluid. These factors will cause a large amount of the distending medium to be absorbed through the surgical wound surface, thus causing dilutional hyponatremia and other complications such as pulmonary edema and cerebral edema. The specific relationship between the absorption amount of the distending medium and the change in blood sodium during hysteroscopic electrotomy is mainly reflected in that when the absorption amount of the distending medium exceeds a certain threshold, it will lead to the occurrence of dilutional hyponatremia. Especially for non-electrolyte solutions, a large amount of fluid will enter the body, causing fluid overload, blood dilution, and hyponatremia.

[0004] Some studies have shown that: when the absorption of the distending fluid exceeds 1000 mL, about 30.77% of the patients show clinical manifestations related to circulatory overload, and in the case of complex surgical operations, the absorption probability is higher. There are also studies showing that: when the pressure of the distending fluid is too high, especially when it exceeds the mean arterial pressure of the patient, the risk of fluid absorption increases significantly. In addition, the nature of the distending fluid (such as whether it is an electrolyte solution) is also a key factor. There are also studies showing that: the absorbed distending fluid may enter the vascular system through the venous sinus or the open vascular path caused by the operation, leading to dilutional hyponatremia, metabolic disorders, and circulatory overload, and even pulmonary edema.

[0005] Therefore, during hysteroscopic electrotomy, it is crucial to control the net absorption amount of the distending medium and monitor the blood sodium level.

[0006] CN108937910A discloses a water poisoning prevention auxiliary device for hysteroscopic surgery with closed constant pressure control, including a surgical tube sheath, a waterproof plug, a plug inserter, and a sealed closing forceps. The outer wall of the upper end of the surgical tube sheath is fixedly provided with a water pressure sensor, the water pressure sensor is connected to a water pressure controller through a first waterproof wire, and the water pressure controller controls a solenoid valve through a second waterproof wire. An injection port is opened on the outer side of the lower end of the surgical tube sheath, a medicine injection port is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the surgical tube sheath, rubber is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the surgical tube sheath, and an instrument channel penetrating the surgical tube sheath is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rubber. A first water pipe is arranged in the injection port, the first water pipe is connected to the water outlet of the solenoid valve, the water inlet of the solenoid valve is connected to a second water pipe, and the second water pipe is connected to a water pump. The upper plane of the plug inserter is provided with a placement groove, a handle groove is opened at the center position of the bottom end of the placement groove, and a connection channel is opened at the center position of the bottom end of the handle groove.

[0007] However, the prior art cannot provide dynamic monitoring of the liquid load and electrolyte balance in the patient's body, resulting in difficulty in accurately predicting and timely responding to potential water poisoning risks. Moreover, existing monitoring systems mostly rely on retrospective analysis after the event and lack the function of automatically triggering an alarm based on real-time data changes, making it impossible for medical staff to detect abnormal situations in the first place. In addition, various physiological parameters (such as uterine distension pressure, mean arterial pressure, blood oxygen saturation, etc.) obtained before and during the operation are often independently recorded by different devices, and existing monitoring systems do not integrate this information for comprehensive analysis, thus lacking a scientific risk prediction tool during the operation and increasing the possibility of encountering unexpected situations during the operation.

[0008] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in the understanding of those skilled in the art; on the other hand, although the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, all details and content are not listed in detail due to space limitations. However, this does not mean that this invention does not possess the features of these prior arts. On the contrary, this invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior arts in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a water poisoning prevention system for hysteroscopic resection to solve at least some of the above technical problems.

[0010] The present invention discloses a water intoxication prevention system for hysteroscopic resection, which comprises: a data acquisition module for obtaining surgical data information related to hysteroscopic resection; and a data processing module for receiving and processing the surgical data information obtained by the data acquisition module, and calculating and real-time updating the water intoxication risk value. The data acquisition module includes an input unit and a monitoring unit respectively used for obtaining various different types of surgical data information before and during the operation. The data processing module is configured to: preliminarily calculate the water intoxication risk value according to the estimated operation duration, the type of distending medium to be used, the set distending pressure and the measured mean arterial pressure obtained by the input unit, so as to obtain an expected risk value corresponding to the estimated operation duration; and dynamically adjust the preliminarily calculated water intoxication risk value according to the perfusion fluid volume, blood oxygen saturation, serum sodium ion level and the current operation duration obtained by the monitoring unit, so as to obtain a dynamic risk value corresponding to the current operation duration.

[0011] The present invention constructs a water intoxication prevention system for hysteroscopic resection. This system includes a data acquisition module and a data processing module, which can effectively improve the safety and efficiency of the operation. The data acquisition module can not only obtain various surgical data information before the operation, such as the estimated operation duration, the type of distending medium to be used, the set distending pressure and the measured mean arterial pressure, but also real-time monitor key parameters such as the perfusion fluid volume, blood oxygen saturation, serum sodium ion level and the current operation duration during the operation. These information provide a detailed data basis for the data processing module, enabling it to preliminarily calculate the water intoxication risk value based on these data and dynamically adjust this risk value as the operation progresses. Specifically, the data obtained before the operation helps the doctor estimate the operation difficulty and formulate a reasonable operation plan; while the data real-time monitored during the operation ensures the accurate grasp of the patient's condition during the operation and timely discovery of potential risks. In addition, through the continuous analysis and feedback of these data, the system can continuously optimize and adjust the strategy during the operation, thereby minimizing the occurrence probability of water intoxication to the greatest extent and ensuring the patient's life safety. This closed-loop monitoring and early warning mechanism not only improves the safety of the operation, but also enhances the medical team's ability to respond to emergencies.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the input unit can be configured as a medical staff terminal to input surgical data information including the estimated operation duration, the type of distending medium to be used, the set distending pressure and the measured mean arterial pressure through one or more information input channels before the operation, and send these surgical data information to the data processing module.

[0013] Configure the input unit as a medical terminal, allowing multiple information input methods such as touch screen input, physical button input, and voice input. Accurately transmit surgical data information including the estimated surgical duration, the type of distending medium to be used, the planned distending pressure, and the measured mean arterial pressure to the data processing module before the operation, greatly improving the convenience and accuracy of data input. Such a design makes the whole process more efficient, saves valuable time, and helps improve the overall operation efficiency of the hospital. At the same time, the diverse information input methods meet the needs in different scenarios, adapt to various complex clinical environments, and further ensure the quality of data input.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring unit includes a first monitoring component for obtaining the perfusion liquid volume of the distending apparatus, a second monitoring component for obtaining the blood oxygen saturation of the patient, a third monitoring component for obtaining the serum sodium ion level of the patient, and a fourth monitoring component for obtaining the current surgical duration.

[0015] The design of the monitoring unit introduces the first to fourth monitoring components specifically for different physiological indicators, ensuring precise control of the patient's internal conditions during hysteroscopic resection. First, the first monitoring component uses a flow meter to record the input and output volumes of the liquid in real time, directly reflecting the actual amount of liquid absorbed by the patient (i.e., the net absorption amount), thus better assessing the risk of water intoxication. Second, the second monitoring component uses a pulse oximeter to non-invasively monitor the blood oxygen saturation. Maintaining the patient's normal oxygen supply is crucial, and any abnormal changes may be early signs of potential complications. The third monitoring component can use a point-of-care testing (POCT) device or other non-invasive testing devices to quickly provide the serum sodium ion concentration reading, which is particularly critical for preventing dilutional hyponatremia and a series of neurological problems caused by it. Finally, the fourth monitoring component, as a surgical timer, accurately records the surgical time, helping the doctor master the surgical progress and adjust the strategy in a timely manner. These monitoring components together constitute an all-round and multi-level monitoring network, not only improving the safety during the operation but also providing valuable reference for postoperative review.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, when the data processing module preliminarily calculates the water intoxication risk value based on the surgical data information obtained by the input unit, it can generate an expected risk curve with the surgical duration as the abscissa and the risk value as the ordinate, so as to obtain the expected risk value corresponding to any surgical duration.

[0017] The data processing module can generate an expected risk curve with the surgical duration as the abscissa and the risk value as the ordinate to visually display the expected risk value corresponding to any surgical duration. This function not only provides a clear risk visualization tool for the surgical team, but also greatly enhances the scientificity and practicality of risk prediction. In terms of principle, the expected risk curve is calculated through a mathematical model based on various parameters collected before surgery (such as the difference between the hysteroreduction pressure and the mean arterial pressure, the influencing factor of the irrigation medium, and the expected surgical duration), which reflects the changing trend of the risk of water intoxication over time during the surgical process. For the surgical team, this curve is like a navigation map, guiding them on how to adjust the surgical strategy according to the actual situation to minimize the risk. For example, when the expected surgical duration is long, the doctor can make full preparations in advance according to the corresponding risk value on the curve and take necessary preventive measures. On the contrary, if the surgery progresses smoothly and the risk remains at a low level, some restrictive conditions can be appropriately relaxed. In short, the existence of the expected risk curve not only makes the risk assessment more intuitive and understandable, but also provides strong theoretical support for surgical decision-making, promoting the improvement of medical quality.

[0018] According to a preferred implementation manner, when dynamically adjusting the initially calculated water intoxication risk value, the data processing module can use the current surgical duration to determine the initially calculated expected risk value, and use the perfusion fluid volume, blood oxygen saturation, and serum sodium ion level to correct the expected risk value to obtain a dynamic risk value corresponding to the current surgical duration.

[0019] Such a setting not only considers the static factors before surgery, but also pays more attention to the dynamic changes during the surgical process, ensuring the authenticity and timeliness of risk assessment. Specifically, by mapping the current surgical duration onto the expected risk curve, the corresponding expected risk value can be quickly located, providing a benchmark for subsequent adjustments. Subsequently, based on the real-time monitored perfusion fluid volume, blood oxygen saturation, and serum sodium ion level, the data processing module can quantify the deviation degree of these parameters from the ideal range and correct the expected risk value accordingly. For example, if it is found that the patient's blood oxygen saturation is lower than the ideal value, it indicates that there may be a risk of respiratory dysfunction, and the risk value should be appropriately increased at this time; on the contrary, if the serum sodium ion level remains stable, the original risk estimate can be maintained. In this way, the dynamically adjusted risk value can be more in line with the actual disease development, providing more accurate guidance for doctors, helping them identify potential dangers in a timely manner and take intervention measures in a timely manner, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of serious complications such as water intoxication.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the data processing module can correct the expected risk value by using the deviation values obtained by comparing the perfusion fluid volume, blood oxygen saturation, and serum sodium ion level with their respective corresponding reference values. Among them, the reference value corresponding to the perfusion fluid volume is the safe maximum net absorption amount, the reference value corresponding to the blood oxygen saturation is the ideal blood oxygen saturation, and the reference value corresponding to the serum sodium ion level is the normal serum sodium ion concentration.

[0021] Such a setting not only takes into account the specific values of each physiological index, but more importantly, introduces the concept of a relative standard, that is, each index has an ideal reference range. When the actual measured value deviates from this range, it means that there are risks of different degrees. Specifically, the reference value of the perfusion fluid volume is set as the safe maximum net absorption amount to prevent the patient from absorbing too much fluid, which may lead to an increase in blood volume and may cause serious complications such as water intoxication and hyponatremia; the reference value of the blood oxygen saturation is set as the ideal blood oxygen saturation to ensure sufficient oxygen supply; the reference value of the serum sodium ion level is the normal serum sodium ion concentration to maintain electrolyte balance. In practical applications, once an index exceeds its reference range, the system will automatically calculate its deviation value and adjust the risk value according to the preset weight coefficient. This not only improves the accuracy of risk assessment but also enhances the adaptive ability of the system. For example, even if some parameters fluctuate slightly during the operation, as long as they are still within the safe range, they will not cause unnecessary alarms and avoid overreaction. On the contrary, if an index deviates significantly from the normal value, the early warning mechanism will be quickly triggered to remind medical staff to take immediate action. In short, this risk correction method based on deviation values not only ensures the accuracy of the assessment results but also reflects the attention to individual differences, greatly improving the effect of preventing water intoxication.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, the data processing module compares the dynamic risk value and the corresponding expected risk value at the same time node to determine whether there is an abnormal risk situation according to the relationship between the deviation degree and the preset threshold. Among them, if the deviation degree exceeds the preset threshold, the data processing module can send a first warning signal to the medical staff through the user interface.

[0023] This mechanism significantly improves the risk warning capability during surgery. Traditional risk assessment often relies on static data and is difficult to capture the ever-changing surgical environment. In contrast, the method of comparing the dynamic risk value with the expected risk value proposed in the present invention can monitor every subtle change in the surgical process in real time and discover potential problems in a timely manner. When the dynamic risk value deviates from the expected value to a certain extent, it indicates that the current situation does not meet expectations and there may be unknown risks. At this time, the system will immediately start the early warning program and send an alarm to medical staff through the user interface, prompting them to pay attention to changes in relevant parameters and take corresponding measures. This instant feedback mechanism not only shortens the time interval from discovering the problem to taking action, but also provides important decision-making basis for medical staff, enabling them to make the best choice in the shortest time. In addition, by setting a reasonable preset threshold, the system can not only respond sensitively to major risks, but also avoid frequent false alarms, maintaining the stability and reliability of the early warning system. This advanced early warning mechanism provides double protection for surgical safety and ensures the life safety of patients throughout the operation.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, the data processing module can connect the dynamic risk values ​​of multiple consecutive time nodes to form an actual risk curve, wherein when multiple consecutive curves show a gradual and steep increase in risk values, the data processing module can send a second warning signal to medical staff through the user interface.

[0025] This design greatly enhances the insight into the development trend of risks. In complex operations such as hysteroscopic transurethral resection, risks are not isolated events, but the result of gradual accumulation over time. Therefore, risk assessment based solely on a single time node is not enough to fully understand the potential threats in the surgical process. By drawing the actual risk curve, the data processing module can capture the trend of risk changes over time, especially those gradual increases that are not easy to detect but may indicate a greater crisis. When multiple consecutive curves show a clear upward trend, it indicates that the risk is increasing and needs to be taken seriously. At this time, the system will trigger the second early warning signal to remind medical staff to pay close attention to the patient's status and consider whether to adjust the surgical plan or take emergency measures. This method not only helps to prevent potential risks in advance, but also provides valuable data support for postoperative review, helping the medical team to summarize experience and lessons and optimize future surgical procedures. The introduction of the actual risk curve not only enriches the dimension of risk assessment, but also adds an extra layer of protection for surgical safety.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment, the user interface includes: a display screen for displaying real-time monitoring data, water intoxication risk values ​​and early warning information; and an alarm unit for issuing an alarm through sound and / or visual signals.

[0027] In a highly tense surgical environment, medical staff need to quickly access the latest data and make correct judgments. Any delay may lead to irreparable consequences. Through the integrated display screen, the user interface can present all important parameters in real time, such as the volume of perfused fluid, blood oxygen saturation, serum sodium ion level, and the current surgical duration, enabling doctors to comprehensively understand the patient's condition without leaving the operating table. In addition, the visual display of the water intoxication risk value provides an intuitive risk assessment tool for the surgical team, helping them adjust strategies at any time to deal with possible problems. More importantly, the presence of the alarm unit provides guarantee for quick response in case of emergency. Whether it is a visual or an auditory alarm, it can immediately attract the attention of medical staff, ensuring that they do not miss any key warning. Especially in the case of parallel multi-tasks, this instant feedback mechanism is particularly important. In this way, the user interface not only simplifies the process of information exchange, but also enhances the effectiveness of teamwork, providing strong technical support for surgical safety.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, the data processing module can send the expected risk value corresponding to the predicted surgical duration obtained through preliminary calculation to the user interface for display on the display screen of the user interface, so as to guide the surgeon to estimate the surgical difficulty and process, and guide the anesthesiologist to estimate the depth of anesthesia.

[0029] Before the operation starts, doctors usually need to make a detailed surgical plan according to the specific situation of the patient and the type of operation. An important link is to evaluate the surgical difficulty and the required time. By displaying the expected risk value on the user interface, the data processing module provides an objective risk assessment basis for doctors, enabling them to more accurately predict various challenges during the operation. For example, if the expected risk value is high, the doctor may choose a more cautious surgical path or prepare a plan in advance to deal with complex situations. Similarly, for the anesthesiologist, the expected risk value can help them better estimate the depth of anesthesia and ensure that the patient maintains an appropriate anesthetic state throughout the operation. This decision support system based on data analysis not only improves the efficiency of surgical preparation work, but also reduces the risk caused by subjective judgment errors. In addition, by intuitively presenting the expected risk value on the screen, all personnel participating in the operation can share information on the same platform, enhancing communication and cooperation among the team members. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 is the hardware connection diagram of the water intoxication prevention system provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the user interface provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3It is a comparison schematic diagram of the expected risk curve obtained based on the expected risk value and the actual risk broken line obtained based on the dynamic risk value provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic flow diagram of the data processing module provided by the present invention for sending an alarm signal through the user interface;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the data analysis method of the data processing module provided by the present invention based on the offline area;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the data analysis method of the data processing module provided by the present invention based on the slope value.

[0036] List of reference numerals

[0037] 100: Data acquisition module; 110: Input unit; 120: Monitoring unit; 121: First monitoring component; 122: Second monitoring component; 123: Third monitoring component; 124: Fourth monitoring component; 200: Data processing module; 300: User interface; 310: Display screen; 320: Alarm unit; 400: Uterine distension instrument. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following is a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention discloses a water intoxication prevention system for hysteroscopic resection, which includes: a data acquisition module 100 for obtaining surgical data information related to hysteroscopic resection; a data processing module 200 for receiving and processing the surgical data information obtained by the data acquisition module 100, and capable of calculating and real-time updating the water intoxication risk value. Preferably, as Figure 2 shown, the water intoxication prevention system may further include a user interface 300, wherein the user interface 300 may include: a display screen 310 for displaying real-time monitoring data, water intoxication risk value and warning information; an alarm unit 320 for sending an alarm through sound and / or visual signals when the water intoxication risk value exceeds a preset threshold.

[0040] Preferably, a hysterostat 400 can be used during hysteroscopic resection to irrigate the uterine cavity with liquid to generate hysteroscopic pressure and dilate the uterine cavity, thereby providing a clear field of vision for the doctor to operate. In hysteroscopic resection (such as myomectomy, polypectomy, etc.), the role of the hysterostat 400 is crucial because it not only ensures sufficient operating space but also guarantees the safety and efficiency of the surgery through precise pressure control. The basic functions of the hysterostat 400 include liquid perfusion and pressure control. By injecting a hysteroscopic medium into the uterine cavity, the uterine wall is expanded to facilitate the operation of the hysteroscope and other surgical instruments. Among them, the hysteroscopic medium can include normal saline or other specified hysteroscopic fluids, such as 5% glucose solution or lactated Ringer's solution, etc. At the same time, the hysterostat 400 can set and maintain a constant pressure level to ensure a clear surgical field of vision while avoiding damage to the patient caused by excessive pressure. In addition, it allows adjustment of the flow rate of the hysteroscopic medium to adapt to different surgical needs.

[0041] In the application of hysteroscopic resection, the hysterostat 400 needs to set the working parameters before the operation starts, including the target pressure, initial flow rate, etc.; during the operation, a stable hysteroscopic pressure usually needs to be maintained. The hysteroscopic pressure needs to be high enough to ensure a clear field of vision in the uterine cavity. Appropriate hysteroscopic pressure can prevent blood from flowing into the uterine cavity and reduce the impact of intraoperative bleeding. If the hysteroscopic pressure is lower than the mean arterial pressure, it may cause blood to seep into the uterine cavity, thus affecting the surgical field of vision and operation, and even may cause tissue damage or other complications. However, if the hysteroscopic pressure is higher than the patient's mean arterial pressure, it may cause excessive fluid to be absorbed into the blood circulation, leading to potential complications such as water intoxication. Therefore, when choosing a high hysteroscopic pressure according to the surgical needs and the actual situation of the patient, the impact on the risk of water intoxication needs to be considered. To prevent problems such as fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance, it is necessary to closely monitor the input and output of the hysteroscopic medium and adjust the settings of the hysterostat 400 at any time according to the progress of the operation, such as changing the flow rate or pressure, to ensure the best surgical conditions. When the operation is over, gradually reduce the hysteroscopic pressure until the perfusion is completely stopped, and clean up the residual liquid to ensure the cleanliness and safety of the surgical environment.

[0042] Preferably, the data acquisition module 100 can include an input unit 110 for obtaining various surgical data information before the operation and a monitoring unit 120 for obtaining various surgical data information during the operation. Among them, the surgical data information obtained by the input unit 110 and the monitoring unit 120 can be sent to the data processing module 200 in real time.

[0043] Preferably, the input unit 110 may have one or more information input channels, so that medical staff can transmit at least part of the surgical data information related to the patient who is about to undergo hysteroscopic resection through the information input channel to the data processing module 200 before the operation. Preferably, the surgical data information transmitted by the input unit 110 may include one or more of the estimated operation duration, the type of distending medium to be used, the planned distending pressure, and the measured mean arterial pressure. Further, among the above surgical data information, the planned distending pressure and the measured mean arterial pressure may also be replaced by the difference between the two. Exemplarily, the input unit 110 may be configured as a medical staff terminal, for example, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer, etc., to input the above surgical data information in various ways such as touch screen input, physical button input, and / or voice input.

[0044] Preferably, the estimated operation duration can be estimated by the medical staff preparing to perform the operation according to the size and number of lesions, the location of the lesions, the type and nature of the lesions, the experience and technical level of the surgeon, the equipment and technical conditions, the individual situation of the patient, and / or possible complications. Before the operation, the medical staff (mainly experienced surgeons) usually have a general time expectation, and this kind of estimation helps the surgical team to make reasonable arrangements, such as booking the operating room, planning the anesthesia time, etc., and can also give the patient a general psychological preparation for the operation process.

[0045] Preferably, the types of distending media may include normal saline, 5% glucose solution, lactated Ringer's solution, etc. Among them, in the present invention, normal saline can be used as the first distending medium, 5% glucose solution as the second distending medium, and lactated Ringer's solution as the third distending medium, and they are numbered 1, 2, and 3 respectively.

[0046] Preferably, the distending pressure can be obtained from the distender 400. For example, the medical staff can read the distending pressure data displayed on the distender 400 and input the data through the input unit 110; or the input unit 110 can be communicatively connected to the distender 400 to achieve data interaction, so that the distender 400 can directly send the distending pressure to the input unit 110.

[0047] Preferably, the mean arterial pressure can be obtained by indirect measurement or direct measurement. Among them, the indirect measurement is a commonly used non-invasive measurement method, which is measured by using an electronic sphygmomanometer or a manual sphygmomanometer (equipped with a stethoscope); the direct measurement is an invasive measurement method with certain invasiveness, which inserts a catheter into the artery and connects it to a pressure sensor to continuously monitor blood pressure. Further, usually, the present invention preferably uses the indirect measurement method to obtain the mean arterial pressure of the patient before surgery, that is, uses the Korotkoff sound (the sound change heard when the inflated cuff is gradually deflated) to determine the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, and then calculates the mean arterial pressure based on these data. To ensure accuracy, multiple measurements can be taken and the average value can be obtained at different time points, especially if the patient is in a tense or anxious state, which may affect the measurement results.

[0048] Preferably, medical staff can input the above surgical data information into the input unit 110 through one or more information input channels, so that the input unit 110 can send the surgical data information obtained before surgery to the data processing module 200.

[0049] Preferably, the monitoring unit 120 may include several monitoring components for obtaining different types of surgical data information. Among them, the first monitoring component 121 can be used to obtain the perfusion liquid volume of the uterine distension instrument 400, the second monitoring component 122 can be used to obtain the patient's blood oxygen saturation, the third monitoring component 123 can be used to obtain the patient's serum sodium ion level, and the fourth monitoring component 124 can be used to obtain the current surgical duration.

[0050] Preferably, the first monitoring component 121 can be configured as a flowmeter. By installing the flowmeter on the uterine distension instrument 400, the input volume and output volume of the liquid can be recorded in real time, and then the monitored perfusion liquid volume can be transmitted to the data processing module 200. Among them, the perfusion liquid volume can be the difference between the input volume and the output volume, that is, the net absorption volume, which directly reflects the actual amount of liquid absorbed by the patient's body, so as to better evaluate the risk of water intoxication. The net absorption volume directly reflects the actual amount of liquid absorbed by the patient's body. This is a key parameter for evaluating the risk of water intoxication, because excessive liquid absorption will cause an increase in blood volume, which may in turn cause serious complications such as water intoxication and hyponatremia. Even if the flow rate is low, if the operation time is long or multiple perfusions are performed, the cumulative total amount of liquid may still pose a significant risk. Therefore, the net absorption volume provides a more comprehensive risk assessment. Further preferably, some modern uterine distension instruments 400 with automatic calculation functions can display the change of the net absorption volume in real time, and the first monitoring component 121 can capture the displayed net absorption volume and send it to the data processing module 200.

[0051] Preferably, the second monitoring component 122 can be configured as a Pulse Oximeter, which, as a medical device for non-invasively monitoring the oxygen saturation (SpO2) in human blood, can evaluate the concentration of oxyhemoglobin in arterial blood by measuring transmitted or reflected light. For surgeries such as hysteroscopic resection that require precise control of the uterine distension pressure and close monitoring of the patient's vital signs, the application of a Pulse Oximeter is particularly important.

[0052] During hysteroscopic resection, the role of the Pulse Oximeter is not limited to providing a continuous blood oxygen saturation reading; it is also one of the key tools to ensure the safe conduct of the surgery. During the operation, since a uterine distension medium is used to expand the uterine cavity, it may cause the liquid to be absorbed into the blood circulation, thereby affecting the patient's circulatory system and respiratory function. In addition, the use of anesthetic drugs may also inhibit the respiratory center and reduce the ventilation efficiency. Therefore, it is essential to maintain real-time monitoring of the patient's blood oxygen level to ensure that any possible hypoxemia can be detected and treated in a timely manner to prevent it from developing into more serious complications.

[0053] Based on this, the Pulse Oximeter can be connected to the patient's finger, earlobe or other appropriate parts before the surgery starts and work continuously throughout the operation. The instrument will automatically calculate and display the current blood oxygen saturation value and pulse rate, and at the same time has an alarm function, which will give a warning when the detected blood oxygen level drops below the set threshold, so as to immediately take measures such as adjusting the anesthetic depth, optimizing the ventilation strategy or changing the perfusion parameters of the uterine distension medium, thereby maintaining the safety and stability of the patient.

[0054] Preferably, the third monitoring component 123 can be configured as a Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) device, which, as a medical tool that can quickly provide diagnostic results beside the patient, enables the immediate acquisition of key health indicators in a clinical environment by simplifying and accelerating the traditional laboratory testing process. For surgeries such as hysteroscopic resection that require real-time monitoring of the patient's physiological state, the POCT device can achieve the monitoring of serum sodium ion changes.

[0055] During hysteroscopic resection, the change in serum sodium ion level is an important concern. Since a uterine distension medium is used to expand the uterine cavity during the operation, if a large amount of these liquids is absorbed into the blood circulation, it may lead to dilutional hyponatremia, which is a potentially serious complication that may cause cerebral edema and other neurological problems. Therefore, it is crucial to detect and handle abnormal changes in serum sodium ion levels in a timely manner. The POCT device can quickly provide an accurate serum sodium concentration reading to facilitate timely adjustment of the treatment plan and ensure the safe conduct of the surgery.

[0056] Based on this, the POCT device can be prepared before the start of the operation and be used as needed during the operation. The operator only needs to collect a small amount of the patient's blood sample and put it into a dedicated test card or test strip, and the POCT device can complete the analysis and display the results within a few minutes. This real-time feedback mechanism allows medical staff to take immediate actions, such as adjusting the type or flow rate of the uterine distension medium, or administering appropriate drug treatment to correct electrolyte imbalance. In addition, the POCT device is also equipped with an alarm function to issue a warning when the serum sodium level is detected to be outside the normal range, ensuring that any abnormal situation can be dealt with in a timely manner.

[0057] Preferably, the third monitoring component 123 can also be configured as a non-invasive detection device, for example, to evaluate the electrolyte level by optical, electrochemical or other non-invasive methods. For example, a wearable microneedle extended gate field effect transistor (FET) biosensor can be used to detect sodium in interstitial fluid (see the paper: Zheng, Y., Omar, R., Zhang, R., Tang, N., Khatib, M., Xu, Q., Milyutin, Y., Saliba, W., Broza, Y., Wu, W., Yuan, M., & Haick, H. (2021). A Wearable Microneedle‐Based Extended Gate Transistor for Real‐Time Detection of Sodium in Interstitial Fluids. Advanced Materials, 34), so as to estimate the patient's electrolyte level. Another example is that a wearable potentiometric sensor based on Na0.44MnO2 can be used to detect sodium ions in sweat (see the paper: Ghoorchian, A., Kamalabadi, M., Moradi, M., Madrakian, T., Afkhami, A., Bagheri, H., Ahmadi, M., & Khoshsafar, H. (2022). Wearable Potentiometric Sensor Based on Na0.44MnO2 for Non-invasive Monitoring of Sodium Ions in Sweat. Analytical chemistry), so as to estimate the patient's electrolyte level.

[0058] Preferably, the fourth monitoring component 124 can be configured as an operation timer to start timing when the operation is started, so as to display and upload the current operation duration in real time.

[0059] Preferably, after receiving the surgical data information sent by the input unit 110, the data processing module 200 can preliminarily calculate the water intoxication risk value based on this surgical data information. Among them, the water intoxication risk value can be preliminarily calculated through the following formula:

[0060] ,

[0061] where R0 is the preliminarily calculated water intoxication risk value, ΔP is the difference between the normalized hysteroscopic pressure and the mean arterial pressure, F M is the hysteroscopic medium influence factor, t is the normalized surgical duration, and k1, k2 are weight coefficients.

[0062] Preferably, in the above formula, the first term is the product of the difference between the hysteroscopic pressure and the mean arterial pressure and the hysteroscopic medium influence factor. This setting reflects the synergistic effect between the two on the water intoxication risk during hysteroscopic resection. Specifically, this term comprehensively considers two key factors: one is the speed and amount of the hysteroscopic medium entering the blood circulation, which is mainly determined by ΔP; the other is the characteristics of the medium itself, such as osmotic pressure, electrolyte composition, etc., and these characteristics are reflected by F M . Further, during the operation, the larger ΔP is, the more likely it means that the hysteroscopic medium is more easily squeezed into the blood vessels, increasing the risk of water intoxication. However, not all hysteroscopic media have the same physiological effects. Different media may have different absorption rates, metabolic pathways, and potential toxicities. Therefore, introducing F M as the influence factor of the medium can more accurately quantify the additional risk brought by each medium. For example, some media may have a higher osmotic pressure, making them able to cause significant changes in fluid balance even at a lower ΔP, thus increasing the possibility of water intoxication. Such a setting can significantly enhance the accuracy and scientific nature of the prediction model. In this way, not only are two key factors comprehensively considered - namely, the speed and amount of the hysteroscopic medium entering the blood circulation, and the characteristics of the medium itself (such as osmotic pressure, electrolyte composition, etc.), but it is also closer to the actual physiological process. This design enables the model to more accurately predict the risk of water intoxication caused by a specific medium under specific conditions, thus providing doctors with a personalized risk assessment tool. At the same time, it reflects the real physiological mechanism because the medium characteristics and the pressure difference jointly determine the speed and amount of the medium entering the circulatory system and the resulting pathophysiological changes. In addition, this method is convenient for comparing different media or surgical plans, helps to intuitively understand which factors are the most important, and guides clinical decisions to minimize risks.

[0063] Further, the difference between the hysterometry pressure and the mean arterial pressure is the value obtained by subtracting the mean arterial pressure from the hysterometry pressure. Among them, when calculating the risk of water intoxication, the hysterometry pressure is usually set to a value higher than the mean arterial pressure. Therefore, this difference is a positive value. If the hysterometry pressure is set to a value not exceeding the mean arterial pressure, the risk of water intoxication is relatively low because, under such pressure, it is more difficult for the hysterometry medium to be overly absorbed into the blood circulation, thereby reducing the risk of fluid overload and electrolyte imbalance. Therefore, in this case, the calculated difference can be directly recorded as 0 to ignore the influence of this factor.

[0064] Further, the hysterometry medium influence factor can set corresponding values for different types of hysterometry media according to literature or clinical experience. Exemplarily, for the first hysterometry medium (normal saline), its hysterometry medium influence factor F1 can be set to 1.0; for the second hysterometry medium (i.e., 5% glucose solution), which has hypertonicity, its hysterometry medium influence factor F2 can be set to 1.2; for the third hysterometry medium (i.e., lactated Ringer's solution), whose composition is closer to plasma, its hysterometry medium influence factor F3 can be set to 0.9.

[0065] Further, after the surgeon gives the estimated operation duration, this estimated operation duration can be used as t and substituted into the above formula to calculate a point value. Based on this point value, medical staff can preliminarily know the expected risk value of water intoxication occurring during hysteroscopic resection for this patient, thereby facilitating the surgeon to estimate the operation difficulty and process, and guiding the anesthesiologist to estimate the depth of anesthesia.

[0066] Further, in the above formula, the weight coefficients k1 and k2 can comprehensively adopt methods such as clinical trial data, literature reference, and expert opinions. First, by collecting data from a large number of surgical cases and using statistical methods such as regression analysis, the specific influence of each factor on the risk of water intoxication can be quantitatively evaluated, thus providing an empirical basis for the setting of the coefficients. Second, referring to the coefficient settings in similar formulas in existing research can ensure the consistency of the new model with the existing knowledge system and draw on validated effective parameters. Finally, consulting experienced doctors and researchers and fine-tuning these coefficients based on their clinical experience and professional judgment can further improve the accuracy and applicability of the model. Preferably, the weight coefficients k1 and k2 of the present application can be determined according to the contribution ratio of the two to the calculation of the risk value in the above formula and can be non-fixed values. Optionally, the weight coefficients k1 and k2 of the present application can be set to 0.0187 and 0.005 in some regions.

[0067] For example, for a certain patient, the difference between the hysteroreduction pressure and the mean arterial pressure is 30 mmHg, the influencing factor of the second hysteroreduction medium used (i.e., 5% glucose solution) is 1.2, and the expected operation time is 90 minutes. Substituting the above data into the above formula, the expected risk value of water intoxication at 90 minutes is preliminarily calculated to be 1.1232.

[0068] Further, in the present invention, if the calculated expected risk value is within the range of R0 < 1.0, it indicates that the patient's risk of water intoxication is relatively low. Although intraoperative monitoring and management still need to be noted, special preventive measures are usually not required, and patients within this range can undergo surgery according to the conventional process; if the calculated expected risk value is within the range of 1.0 ≤ R0 < 3.0, it indicates that the patient has a certain risk of water intoxication. The surgeon should monitor the patient's condition more closely and consider taking additional preventive measures, such as performing more frequent fluid balance checks or choosing a hysteroreduction medium with a lower risk of water intoxication. In addition, the medical staff of the surgical team should be prepared to handle possible water intoxication events; if the calculated expected risk value is within the range of R0 ≥ 3.0, it indicates that the patient faces a high risk of water intoxication. In this case, the surgeon should re-evaluate the necessity and timing of the surgery, optimize the surgical plan as much as possible to reduce the risk. If it is decided to continue the surgery, strict monitoring and preventive measures must be taken, and an emergency treatment plan must be ensured to be in place to promptly respond to any potential symptoms of water intoxication.

[0069] Since the expected operation duration given by the surgeon is only a rough estimate based on past experience and current information, the actual operation time may vary due to problems or unexpected situations found during the operation. Therefore, in addition to calculating the expected risk value of water intoxication corresponding to the expected operation duration, the data processing module 200 can also generate an expected risk curve with the operation duration as the abscissa (x-axis) and the risk value as the ordinate (y-axis) according to the above formula, as Figure 3 shown.

[0070] Preferably, if it is determined according to the calculated expected risk value that the patient can undergo surgery, the monitoring unit 120 can be used to collect the surgical data information during the operation, so that the data processing module 200 can dynamically adjust the water intoxication risk value by analyzing various surgical data information collected in real time by each monitoring component of the monitoring unit 120, so as to facilitate the medical staff to timely grasp the risk situation of the patient suffering from water intoxication.

[0071] Preferably, the data processing module 200 can dynamically adjust the water intoxication risk value based on one or more of the perfusion fluid volume, blood oxygen saturation, serum sodium ion level, and current operation duration obtained by the monitoring unit 120 to obtain a dynamic risk value. Among them, the current operation duration is used to determine the R0 value to be adjusted, and the remaining surgical data information is used to correct the R0 value to be adjusted to obtain a dynamic risk value corresponding to the current operation duration.

[0072] Preferably, the data processing module 200 can compare the remaining surgical data information other than the operation duration with its corresponding reference value to obtain a corresponding deviation value. Among them, the reference value corresponding to the perfusion fluid volume can be set to the safe maximum net absorption volume V safe , which refers to the maximum net absorption volume of the distending medium that is considered not to significantly increase the risk of water intoxication during hysteroscopic resection; the reference value corresponding to the blood oxygen saturation can be set to the ideal blood oxygen saturation Ideal SpO2, which refers to the optimal blood oxygen saturation level required to maintain normal physiological functions; the reference value corresponding to the serum sodium ion level can be set to the normal serum sodium ion concentration Normal Na + , which refers to the normal serum sodium ion concentration range that maintains the body's electrolyte balance and extracellular fluid osmotic pressure. The above reference values can be determined by means such as clinical guidelines, literature reviews, standard references, practices, and expert consensus. For example, in the present invention, for the case of using normal saline as the distending medium, V safe can be set to 500 mL, Ideal SpO2 can be set to 98%, and Normal Na + can be set to 140 mmol / L.

[0073] Preferably, the dynamic risk value R N can be calculated as follows:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, R0 is the initially calculated water intoxication risk value, ΔV is the deviation value between the measured perfusion fluid volume and the corresponding reference value (V safe ), ΔSpO2 is the deviation value between the measured blood oxygen saturation and the reference value (Ideal SpO2), and ΔNa + is the deviation value between the measured serum sodium ion level and the corresponding reference value (Normal Na + ), and w1, w2, and w3 are weight coefficients.

[0076] Preferably, the method for determining the weight coefficients w1, w2, and w3 can be similar to that of the weight coefficients k1, k2.

[0077] Preferably, through the above formula, the dynamic risk value R corresponding to each time node can be calculated as the operation progresses. N , the dynamic risk value R N can be distributed above, below or overlapping with the corresponding expected risk value R0. Among them, when the dynamic risk value R N is distributed above the corresponding expected risk value R0, it indicates that the current risk level is higher than the expected risk level; when the dynamic risk value R N is distributed below the corresponding expected risk value R0, it indicates that the current risk level is lower than the expected risk level; when the dynamic risk value R N overlaps with the corresponding expected risk value R0, it indicates that the current risk level is equal to the expected risk level. Further, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 show, the data processing module 200 can compare the dynamic risk value R N at the same time node with the corresponding expected risk value R0 to determine whether there is an abnormal risk situation according to the relationship between its deviation degree and the preset threshold. Among them, if the deviation degree exceeds the preset threshold, the data processing module 200 can send a first warning signal to the medical staff through the user interface 300. Further, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 show, the dynamic risk values R N at multiple consecutive time nodes can be connected to form an actual risk broken line. Among them, when multiple (for example, at least two) consecutive broken lines show a gradual steep increase in risk values, the data processing module 200 can send a second warning signal to the medical staff through the user interface 300. Preferably, the data processing module 200 can have different data analysis methods to be used to judge the situation where the risk value gradually steeply increases. In particular, more adaptable data analysis methods can be adopted for different prevention scenarios, so as to generate the second warning signal more accurately to avoid interfering with the normal operation process due to frequent alarms.

[0078] Preferably, as Figure 5As shown in the figure, the data processing module 200 can respectively draw perpendicular lines from the expected risk curve corresponding to the expected risk value and the actual risk broken line corresponding to the dynamic risk value to the abscissa, so as to obtain two areas under the lines respectively. The area under the line represents the cumulative risk value from the starting time point to the ending time point. Among them, the larger the area under the line, the higher the cumulative risk value, which means that the overall risk of water intoxication is greater. Further, the data processing module 200 can calculate the difference between the two areas under the lines (that is, the area under the actual risk broken line minus the area under the expected risk curve). Among them, when the area difference increases, it indicates that the gap between the actual cumulative risk value and the expected cumulative risk value increases, which means that the actual risk accumulation speed exceeds the expected; when the area difference decreases, it indicates that the gap between the actual cumulative risk value and the expected cumulative risk value decreases, which means that the actual risk accumulation speed is close to or lower than the expected. By calculating the areas under the actual risk broken line and the expected risk curve and analyzing the change trend of their difference, the data processing module 200 can identify earlier whether the actual risk accumulation speed exceeds the expected. This enables the system to issue a second warning signal in a timely manner when the risk increases significantly, allowing medical staff to take preventive measures quickly. Compared with relying only on the risk value at a single time point, this method provides a more continuous and dynamic risk assessment, reducing the possibility of false alarms. And because of the use of the integral algorithm, the area under the line directly reflects the cumulative risk value from the starting time point to the ending time point, without the need to frequently obtain a large amount of surgical data information related to water intoxication during the operation, reducing the sampling and operation load of the system, and is applicable to most non-emergency patients.

[0079] Preferably, as Figure 6 shown in the figure, the data processing module 200 can draw tangents to the expected risk curve corresponding to the local expected risk value and the actual risk broken line corresponding to the dynamic risk value (mainly the tangent of the expected risk curve), so as to obtain two slope values respectively. The slope value represents the rate of change of the risk value with time. Among them, the larger the slope value, the faster the risk value increases with time, which means that the risk rising speed accelerates; the smaller the slope value, the slower the risk value increases with time, which means that the risk rising speed slows down, and even may occur as Figure 6The situation of negative growth of the risk value shown. The negative growth of the risk value may be caused by factors such as insufficient data accumulation in the initial stage of the operation, overly high initial risk assessment, and effective intervention measures taken. Further, the data processing module 200 can calculate the difference between two slope values (i.e., the slope value of the actual risk broken line minus the slope value of the expected risk curve). Among them, when the slope difference increases, it indicates that the gap between the change rate of the actual risk value and the change rate of the expected risk value increases, meaning that the rising speed of the actual risk exceeds the expectation; when the slope difference decreases, it indicates that the gap between the change rate of the actual risk value and the change rate of the expected risk value decreases, meaning that the rising speed of the actual risk is close to or lower than the expectation. By calculating the slope difference between the actual risk broken line and the expected risk curve, the system can more accurately determine whether to issue a warning signal. Only when the change rate of the actual risk value significantly exceeds the expectation will an alarm be triggered, thus avoiding interference with the normal operation process due to frequent false alarms. When multiple consecutive broken lines show a situation where the risk value gradually increases steeply, the data processing module 200 can send a second warning signal to medical staff through the user interface 300. This warning mechanism based on slope changes can capture the sharp upward trend of the risk earlier, enabling medical staff to take preventive measures before the risk reaches the critical point. The slope value directly reflects the rate of change of the risk value over time, but this method requires frequently obtaining a large amount of surgical data information related to water intoxication during the operation to increase the number of slope values available for calculation per unit time as much as possible and improve the accuracy of slope value calculation. Therefore, this method is more applicable to a small number of high-risk patients.

[0080] Preferably, when the computing power of the data processing module 200 is sufficient and / or there is an actual need, multiple data analysis methods can also be used simultaneously to achieve mutual verification, which not only improves the accuracy of warning signal generation but also maximally avoids complications such as water intoxication in patients.

[0081] Exemplarily, Table 1 shows the surgical data information of a patient undergoing hysteroscopic resection and the expected risk value R0 and dynamic risk value R calculated based on this surgical data information N 。

[0082] Table 1 Surgical data information of an example patient, as well as the expected risk value R0 and dynamic risk value R N List

[0083]

[0084] Further, after the operation is completed, based on the dynamic risk value R at each time node NThe actually connected risk broken line and the expected risk curve can be exported to the user interface 300 to facilitate the review of the surgical process by medical staff, thereby helping to put forward improvement suggestions for the algorithm of the data processing module 200 to improve the accuracy and reliability of the calculation.

[0085] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also fall within the disclosure scope of the present invention and the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the description and drawings of the present invention are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation to the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description of the present invention contains multiple inventive concepts. For example, "preferably" or "according to a preferred embodiment" indicates that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept. The applicant reserves the right to file divisional applications according to each inventive concept. Throughout the text, the features guided by "preferably" are only optional and should not be understood as must be set. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A water intoxication prevention system for hysteroscopic resection, characterized in that, It includes: A data acquisition module (100) for obtaining surgical data information related to hysteroscopic resection; A data processing module (200) for receiving and processing the surgical data information obtained by the data acquisition module (100), and calculating and real-time updating the water intoxication risk value. The data acquisition module (100) includes an input unit (110) for obtaining various different types of surgical data information before the operation and a monitoring unit (120) for obtaining various different types of surgical data information during the operation. The input unit (110) is configured as a medical staff terminal to input surgical data information including the expected operation duration, the type of distending medium to be used, the set distending pressure, and the measured mean arterial pressure through one or more information input channels before the operation, and send this surgical data information to the data processing module (200). The data processing module (200) is configured as follows: Based on the expected operation duration, the type of distending medium to be used, the set distending pressure, and the measured mean arterial pressure obtained by the input unit (110), initially calculate the water intoxication risk value to obtain an expected risk value corresponding to the expected operation duration. The water intoxication risk value is initially calculated through the following formula: ， Wherein, R0 is the risk value of water intoxication obtained by preliminary calculation, ΔP is the difference between the normalized hysteroscopic pressure and the mean arterial pressure, F M is the influencing factor of the hysteroscopic medium, t is the normalized operation duration, and k1 and k2 are weighting coefficients; When the data processing module (200) initially calculates the water intoxication risk value based on the surgical data information obtained by the input unit (110), it generates an expected risk curve with the operation duration as the abscissa and the risk value as the ordinate, so as to facilitate obtaining the expected risk value corresponding to any operation duration. Dynamically adjust the water intoxication risk value obtained by preliminary calculation according to the perfusion liquid volume, blood oxygen saturation, serum sodium ion level and current surgical duration obtained by the monitoring unit (120) to obtain a dynamic risk value corresponding to the current surgical duration, and the dynamic risk value R N is as follows: ， Where, ΔV is the deviation value of the measured perfusion liquid volume from the corresponding reference value, ΔSpO2 is the deviation value of the measured blood oxygen saturation from the corresponding reference value, and ΔNa + is the deviation value of the measured serum sodium ion level from the corresponding reference value, and w1, w2, and w3 are weighting coefficients.

2. The water intoxication prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring unit (120) includes a first monitoring component (121) for obtaining the perfusion liquid volume of the distending apparatus (400), a second monitoring component (122) for obtaining the blood oxygen saturation of the patient, a third monitoring component (123) for obtaining the serum sodium ion level of the patient, and a fourth monitoring component (124) for obtaining the current operation duration.

3. The water intoxication prevention system according to claim 2, wherein, When the data processing module (200) dynamically adjusts the initially calculated water intoxication risk value, it determines the initially calculated expected risk value using the current operation duration, and corrects the expected risk value using the perfusion liquid volume, blood oxygen saturation, and serum sodium ion level to obtain a dynamic risk value corresponding to the current operation duration.

4. The water intoxication prevention system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data processing module (200) corrects the expected risk value using the deviation values obtained by comparing the perfusion liquid volume, blood oxygen saturation, and serum sodium ion level with their respective reference values. Among them, the reference value corresponding to the perfusion liquid volume is the safe maximum net absorption amount, the reference value corresponding to the blood oxygen saturation is the ideal blood oxygen saturation, and the reference value corresponding to the serum sodium ion level is the normal serum sodium ion concentration.

5. The water intoxication prevention system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data processing module (200) determines whether there is an abnormal risk situation by comparing the dynamic risk value and the corresponding expected risk value at the same time node according to the relationship between their deviation degree and the preset threshold. Among them, if the deviation degree exceeds the preset threshold, the data processing module (200) sends a first warning signal to the medical staff through the user interface (300).

6. The water intoxication prevention system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data processing module (200) connects the dynamic risk values ​​of multiple consecutive time nodes to form an actual risk broken line, wherein when the multiple consecutive broken lines show a gradual and steep increase in risk values, the data processing module (200) sends a second warning signal to medical staff through the user interface (300).

7. The water intoxication prevention system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The user interface (300) comprises: a display screen (310) for displaying real-time monitoring data, water intoxication risk values ​​and early warning information; and an alarm unit (320) for issuing an alarm through sound and / or visual signals.

8. The water intoxication prevention system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The data processing module (200) sends the expected risk value corresponding to the expected operation time obtained through preliminary calculation to the user interface (300) for display on the display screen (310) of the user interface (300), thereby guiding the surgeon to estimate the difficulty and process of the operation, and guiding the anesthesiologist to estimate the depth of anesthesia.

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