Mechanism for user equipment performance feedback measurement reporting

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a solution for reporting UE performance feedback. Specifically, an online, adaptive, context-aware (and therefore, related to an event experienced by the UE (e.g., a UE handover) time configuration framework for UE performance feedback measurement reporting is presented, which is useful for the NG-RAN node (or "performer" gNB) to evaluate ML-based actions that result in that event. In this way, accurate and appropriate UE performance feedback can be provided, and system performance can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the field of telecommunications, and more particularly to methods, devices, apparatuses, and computer-readable storage media for user equipment (UE) performance feedback measurement reporting. Background Art

[0002] Several technologies have been proposed to improve communication performance. For example, communication devices can adopt artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models to improve communication quality. AI / ML models can be applied to different scenarios to achieve better performance. For example, AI / ML can be used for load balancing and mobility optimization in the next generation (NG) radio access network (RAN). In addition, based on various measurements and feedback, historical data, etc. collected from UE and network nodes, solutions based on AI / ML models and predicted loads can improve load balancing performance in order to provide a higher quality user experience and improve system capacity. Therefore, it is worth studying to obtain accurate and appropriate feedback. Summary of the invention

[0003] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided. The first device includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the first device: receives a request for user equipment UE performance feedback for a third device from a second device, the request indicating a measurement requirement set; performs measurement for UE performance feedback on the third device, and the third device switches from the second device to the first device; determines whether the measurement requirement set is met based on the measurement for UE performance feedback according to determining that a termination condition for measurement is met; and transmits information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination to the second device.

[0004] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a second device is provided. The second device includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the second device: transmits a request for user equipment UE performance feedback for a third device to a first device, the request indicating a measurement requirement set, and the third device switches from the second device to the first device; and receives information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination from the first device.

[0005] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a third device is provided. The third device includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the third device: performs a handover from a second device to a first device; and transmits to the first device at least one positioning signaling that facilitates measurement of user equipment UE performance feedback for the third device.

[0006] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: receiving a request for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for a third device from a second device, the request indicating a measurement requirement set; performing measurement for UE performance feedback on the third device, the third device switching from the second device to the first device; determining whether the measurement requirement set is satisfied based on the measurement for UE performance feedback according to determining that a termination condition for measurement is satisfied; and transmitting information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination to the second device.

[0007] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: transmitting a request for user equipment UE performance feedback for a third device to a first device, the request indicating a measurement requirement set, the third device switching from the second device to the first device; and receiving information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination from the first device.

[0008] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: performing a handover from a second device to a first device; and transmitting to the first device at least one positioning signaling for facilitating measurement for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for a third device.

[0009] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided. The first device includes: a component for receiving a request for user equipment UE performance feedback for a third device from a second device, the request indicating a measurement requirement set; a component for performing measurement for UE performance feedback on the third device, the third device switching from the second device to the first device; a component for determining whether the measurement requirement set is satisfied based on the measurement for UE performance feedback according to determining that a termination condition for measurement is satisfied; and a component for transmitting information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination to the second device.

[0010] In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a second device is provided. The second device includes: a component for transmitting a request for user equipment UE performance feedback for a third device to a first device, the request indicating a measurement requirement set, and the third device switching from the second device to the first device; and a component for receiving information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination from the first device.

[0011] In a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, a third device is provided. The third device includes: a component for performing a handover from a second device to a first device; and a component for transmitting to the first device at least one positioning signaling for facilitating measurement of a user equipment (UE) performance feedback for the third device.

[0012] In a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon, and the instructions are used to cause a device to at least execute the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0013] In an eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon, and the instructions are used to cause a device to at least execute the method according to the fifth aspect.

[0014] In a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable medium includes instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to cause a device to at least execute instructions of the method according to the sixth aspect.

[0015] It should be understood that the invention summary is not intended to identify the key features or essential features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figures 1A to 1C Schematic diagrams of communication environments according to some schemes are respectively shown;

[0018] Figure 2 An exemplary communication environment is shown in which exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the functional framework is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 The signaling flow of UE performance feedback reporting according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating a communication environment according to some example embodiments is shown;

[0022] Figure 6 A flowchart showing a method implemented at a first device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0023] Figure 7 A flowchart showing a method implemented at a second device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0024] Figure 8 A flowchart of a method implemented at a third device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0025] Fig. 9 shows a simplified block diagram of a device suitable for implementing an example embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0026] Fig.10 A block diagram of an example computer-readable medium is shown according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements. Specific embodiments

[0028] The principle of the present invention will now be described with reference to some exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration, and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without implying any limitation to the scope of the present disclosure. In addition to the embodiments described below, the embodiments described herein can be implemented in various ways.

[0029] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0030] References in this disclosure to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example embodiment," etc., indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it is considered to be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0031] It should be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. in front of nouns etc. can be used in this article to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element, and they do not limit the order of nouns. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiment, the first element can be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element can be referred to as the first element. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more listed terms.

[0032] As used herein, “at least one of: ,” “at least one of ,” and similar descriptions, a list of two or more elements connected by “and” or “or,” means at least any one element, or at least any two or more elements, or at least all the elements.

[0033] As used herein, unless explicitly stated, performing a step “in response to A” does not mean performing the step immediately after “A” occurs, and may include one or more intermediate steps.

[0034] The terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that when used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "has", "having", "includes", and / or "including" specify the presence of the features, elements, and / or components, etc., but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] As used in this application, the term "circuitry" may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware circuit implementation only (e.g., implementation only in analog and / or digital circuits), and (b) a combination of hardware circuitry and software such as (where applicable): (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuitry and software / firmware, and (ii) any portion of a hardware processor with software (including a digital signal processor), software, and memory that work together to enable a device such as a mobile phone or server to perform various functions; and (c) A hardware circuit and / or processor, such as a microprocessor or portion of a microprocessor, that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when not needed for operation.

[0036] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of only a hardware circuit or a processor (or multiple processors) or a portion of a hardware circuit or a processor and its (or its) accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, and if applicable to a particular claim element, the term circuitry also covers a baseband integrated circuit or a processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.

[0037] As used herein, the term "communication network" refers to a network that complies with any suitable communication standard, such as New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Advanced LTE (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), etc. In addition, the communication between the terminal device and the network device in the communication network can be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocol, including but not limited to the first generation (1G), second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth generation (5G), sixth generation (6G) communication protocol and / or any other protocol currently known or developed in the future. The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various communication systems. In view of the rapid development of communication, there are of course future types of communication technologies and systems that can implement the present disclosure. It should not be considered that the scope of the present disclosure is limited to the above-mentioned system.

[0038] As used herein, the term "network device" refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses a network and receives services from it. A network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP), such as a NodeB (NodeB or NB), an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), an NRNB (also known as a gNB), a remote radio unit (RRU), a radio head (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), a repeater, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node (such as a femto), a micro-net, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-terrestrial network equipment, such as satellite network equipment, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network equipment, etc., depending on the terminology and technology applied. In some example embodiments, a radio access network (RAN) split architecture includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node includes a mobile terminal (IAB-MT) portion that behaves like a UE toward a parent node, and a DU portion of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward a next-hop IAB node.

[0039] The term "terminal device" refers to any terminal device capable of wireless communication. As an example and not limitation, the terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, a user equipment (UE), a subscriber station (SS), a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) or an access terminal (AT). The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet computer, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture terminal device such as a digital camera, a game terminal device, a music storage and playback device, a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, a laptop embedded device (LEE), a laptop mounted device (LME), a USB dongle, a smart device, a wireless customer premises equipment (CPE), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and an application (e.g., remote surgery), an industrial device and an application (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or automatic processing chain environment), a consumer electronic device, a device operating on a commercial and / or industrial wireless network, etc. The terminal device may also correspond to the mobile terminal (MT) part of an IAB node (eg, a relay node).In the following description, the terms "terminal device", "communication device", "terminal", "user equipment" and "UE" may be used interchangeably.

[0040] As used herein, the terms "resource", "transmission resource", "resource block", "physical resource block" (PRB), "uplink resource" or "downlink resource" may refer to any resource used to perform communication (e.g., communication between a terminal device and a network device), such as a resource in the time domain, a resource in the frequency domain, a resource in the spatial domain, a resource in the code domain, or any other combination of time, frequency, space and / or code domain resources to achieve communication. In the following, unless explicitly stated, resources in the frequency domain and the time domain will be used as examples of transmission resources for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.

[0041] The term "UE performance feedback" as used herein may refer to information reflecting the communication performance of the UE. The term "measurement for UE performance feedback" as used herein may refer to measurements that may obtain one or more metrics of UE performance. The term "AI / ML model" as used herein may refer to a data-driven algorithm that applies AI / ML techniques to produce a set of outputs based on a set of inputs. The term "AI / ML model" may be interchangeable with the term "model".

[0042] As mentioned above, AI / ML can be applied in load balancing and mobility optimization, which involves decision-making when the UE switches from a source to a target cell (or at the beam level). Taking the load balancing use case as an example, the purpose of load balancing is to evenly distribute the load between cells (or beams) and cell areas, or to transfer part of the traffic from a congested cell or cell congested area, or to offload users from one cell, cell area, beam, carrier or radio access technology (RAT) to another to improve network performance. This can be done by optimizing switching parameters and switching actions. This automation of optimization can provide a high-quality user experience while improving system capacity and minimizing human intervention in network management and optimization tasks. In addition, UE load balancing is not a task that is easily solved with traditional optimization tools because the traffic load and network resource status may change in a very dynamic way. Therefore, after taking an offloading action, it is difficult to determine whether the UE service performance meets the desired target.

[0043] To alleviate this problem and automate this load balancing optimization to ensure a high-quality user experience with minimal human intervention in network management tasks, the use of AI / ML-based solutions has proven to be useful. For example, based on various measurements and feedback collected from UEs and network nodes, historical data, etc. AI / ML model-based solutions and predicted loads can improve load balancing performance to provide a higher quality user experience and improve system capacity.

[0044] According to some solutions, a framework including a UE feedback mechanism for improved energy efficiency (EE) configuration is proposed. Specifically, a network / UE interaction involving UE performance feedback determined in the form of EE and / or quality of service (QoS) is proposed. Nevertheless, the timing configuration of such feedback information remains unclear. According to some other solutions, it is proposed that the network receives connection event information from the UE and the associated channel conditions, and then determines the connection behavior state of the UE based on a classification method and takes corrective action. Nevertheless, there are no details on the timing configuration of such event-based reporting.

[0045] UE performance feedback measurement reports are important for the NG-RAN node to evaluate the inference (prediction) accuracy of its hosted ML models and the correctness of the actions taken (e.g., decisions at UE handover). Such reports can be one-off or periodic. However, regardless of whether such reports are provided to the NG-RAN node only once or in a periodic manner, such UE performance feedback measurement reports with a pre-fixed total duration of the request may result in the obtained UE performance feedback measurements being either insufficient to evaluate the ML-based actions taken by the NG-RAN node, because only limited accuracy of the monitored UE Quality of Service (QoS) metrics is achieved, or they are (partially) out of the context of events that occurred as a result of the ML-based actions taken by the NG-RAN node. In the following, we focus on the UE handover example, which shows how UE performance feedback measurement reports with a static (and therefore context-unaware) timing configuration may lead to an NG-RAN node taking action making an incorrect interpretation of the evaluated AI / ML-based decisions.

[0046] In some solutions, periodically providing UE performance feedback may reflect the conditions experienced by the UE at different locations of the target cell (even near the borders of other cells) depending on the UE speed and the target cell size. Therefore, considering the UE performance feedback, this may therefore be out of context and lead to some misinterpretation of incorrect selection of the target cell for handover. Figure 1A An example of a UE handover from a source cell to a target cell is shown, where periodic UE performance feedback measurement reports with a pre-fixed duration period, as requested by the source NG-RAN node, may result in scheduling UE performance feedback measurements out of the context of evaluating a specific UE handover event. Figure 1A As shown, gNB 1 may provide cell 101, gNB2 may provide cell 101, and gNB3 may provide cell 103. UE 110 may move along trajectory 130. At this point, UE 110 may be handed over from gNB1 to gNB2, and then from gNB2 to gNB3. In this case, gNB2 may continue to report UE performance feedback to gNB1 even after UE 110 is handed over to gNB3, which may lead to a misconception of the accuracy of the ML-based UE handover actions taken.

[0047] In some other solutions, focusing on one UE performance feedback measurement report, and with respect to the reporting time configuration (i.e., the pre-fixed maximum duration of the UE performance feedback measurement report), a similar argument can be considered, namely the relevance of these recorded UE QoS measurements (partially) to the context of events (e.g., UE handover with a certain quality) occurring due to ML-based (or ML-assisted) actions at the NG-RAN node. On the one hand, the always-on load balancing use case, e.g. Figure 1B As shown in , if the logged UE QoS measurements cover a very short time span, the source gNB will not know whether the UE handover event was successful or not, since the required accuracy for the UE QoS metrics of interest can only be achieved by the excessive internal sampling rate of the target gNB. Figure 1C As shown, if the recorded UE performance feedback measurements cover a very long time span, there is also a risk that the source gNB obtains UE QoS measurements that are out of context, i.e. reflecting another possible UE handover event from the target cell to a third cell, which is usually not related to the event of interest.

[0048] Therefore, given the above-mentioned constraint of a static, pre-fixed timing configuration for UE performance feedback measurement reports, the problem to be solved can be stated as follows: How to design the timing configuration for constructing UE performance feedback measurement reports that are provided by the target NG-RAN node to the source (“actuator”) NG-RAN node with the aim of evaluating the taken AI / ML-based actions affecting this specific UE, based on the following principles: most (ideally all) captured UE performance feedback measurements are within the context of the events that occurred as a result of the taken ML-based actions, and the accuracy level of the monitored UE QoS metrics is not less than the requested accuracy level, depending on the UE services to be supported.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a scheme for reporting UE performance feedback is proposed. Specifically, it proposes an online, adaptive, context-aware (and therefore, relevant to events experienced by the UE (such as UE handover)) time configuration framework for UE performance feedback measurement reporting, which is useful for the NG-RAN node (or "executor" gNB) to evaluate the ML-based actions that led to the event. In this way, accurate and appropriate UE performance feedback can be provided, improving system performance.

[0050] 1 shows an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. In the communication environment 100, there may be a device 210, a device 220-1, a device 220-2, and a device 220-3. The device 220-1 may provide a cell 201, the device 220-2 may provide a cell 202, and the device 220-3 may provide a cell 203. The devices 210, 220-2, 220-2, and 220-3 may communicate with each other.

[0051] In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described in which device 210 operates as a terminal device and devices 220-1, 220-2, and 220-3 operate as network devices. However, in some example embodiments, the operations described in conjunction with the terminal device may be implemented at a network device or other device, and the operations described in conjunction with the network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device. For the purpose of illustration only, in the following, device 220-1 may be described as a target network device and device 220-2 may be described as a source network device.

[0052] In some example embodiments, if device 210 is a terminal device and device 220-1 is a network device, the link from device 220-1 to device 210 is referred to as a downlink (DL), and the link from device 210 to device 220-1220-1 is referred to as an uplink (UL). In the DL, device 220-1 is a transmission (TX) device (or transmitter), and device 210 is a reception (RX) device (or receiver). In the UL, device 210 is a TX device (or transmitter), and device 220-1 is an RX device (or receiver).

[0053] The communication in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any suitable communication protocol, including but not limited to cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G), second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), fifth generation (5G), sixth generation (6G), etc., wireless local area network communication protocols such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, etc., and / or any other protocol currently known or developed in the future. In addition, the communication may use any suitable wireless communication technology, including but not limited to: code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), multiple input multiple output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM), discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technology currently known or developed in the future.

[0054] The functional framework for RAN intelligence can be applied in the communication environment 100. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an AL / ML framework 300 is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the AI / ML framework 300 may include a data collection module 310, a model training module 320, a model reasoning model 330, and an actuator 340. The data collection module 310 may implement the function of providing input data to the model training and model reasoning modules. Data preparation specific to the AI / ML algorithm (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, formatting, and conversion) is not performed in the data collection module 310. Examples of input data may include measurements from UEs or different network entities, feedback from actuators, and outputs from AI / ML models. Training data may refer to data required as input to the AI / ML model training module 320. Reasoning data may refer to data input to the AI / ML model reasoning module 330.

[0055] The model training module 320 can implement the functions of performing AI / ML model training, verification and testing, and it can generate model performance metrics as part of the model testing process. If necessary, the model training module is also responsible for data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, formatting and conversion) based on the training data delivered by the data collection function. Model deployment / update can be used to initially deploy a trained, verified and tested AI / ML model to the model reasoning module 130, or to deliver an updated model to the model reasoning module 130.

[0056] The model reasoning module 330 can implement the function of providing AI / ML model reasoning output (e.g., prediction or decision). The model reasoning module 330 can provide model performance feedback to the model training module 320 when applicable. If necessary, the model reasoning module 330 is also responsible for data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, formatting and conversion) based on the reasoning data delivered by the data collection module 310. The output of the model reasoning module 330 may refer to the reasoning output of the AI / ML model generated by the model reasoning function. When available, model performance feedback can be used to monitor the performance of the AI / ML model.

[0057] The actuator 340 may implement the function of receiving the output from the model reasoning module 330 and triggering or executing the corresponding action. The actuator 340 may trigger actions for other entities or itself. In some example embodiments, the device 220-2 may act as the actuator 340. The feedback information flow from the actuator 340 to the data collection module 310 may be defined as follows: "Feedback: information that may be needed to derive training data, reasoning data, or monitor the performance of the AI / ML model and its impact on the network through the update of KPIs and performance counters".

[0058] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] refer to Figure 4, which shows a signaling flow 400 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, reference will be made to Figure 2 and Figure 5 Signaling flow 400 is discussed, for example, by using device 210, device 220-1, and device 220-2.

[0060] Device 220-2 transmits (4010) a request for UE performance feedback for device 210 to device 220-1. In other words, device 220-1 receives a request for UE performance feedback for device 210 from device 220-2. The request indicates a set of measurement requirements. For example, the set of measurement requirements may be part of a message body of a request issued by an actuator (i.e., device 220-2). A request may be issued to evaluate the impact of an ML-based (or ML-assisted) action on a specific UE (e.g., device 210) affected by the action (e.g., UE switching to a target cell). The set of measurement requirements accompanying the request for UE performance feedback measurements may define a dynamic timing configuration for the duration of collection of UE performance feedback measurements in a joint manner.

[0061] In some example embodiments, the measurement requirement set may indicate a maximum reporting time for UE performance feedback.For example, the request may include an information element (IE) {MaxReportingTime}, which represents the maximum allowable time interval for the purpose of UE performance feedback measurement reporting.

[0062] Alternatively or in addition, the measurement requirement set may indicate the accuracy level of the metrics used for UE performance feedback. For example, the request may include IE{Kpirecision}, which represents the required accuracy of each requested UE QoS metric (e.g., DL / UL data rate, packet loss rate, packet delay). For example, the monitored UE QoS metric may be statistically significant and therefore fully represent the service experience at the UE and any changes thereto. As an example, the accuracy level of the metrics used for UE performance feedback may include at least one of the following: the accuracy level of the measured UE data rate, the accuracy level of the measured packet loss rate, or the accuracy level of the measured packet delay. Specifically, the accuracy level of the measured UE data rate (UL / DL) may refer to a maximum allowable deviation of X kbps from the true (average) UE data rate (in Mbps). For enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services running at the UE (as a key QoS metric), the value X may be smaller, and for ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) services, the value X is more relaxed. The minimum number of UE data rate measurements that need to be performed when the true value cannot be calculated. In addition, the accuracy level of the measured packet loss rate may refer to a maximum tolerable deviation of Y or more orders of magnitude from the true (average) UE packet loss rate. For critical communications, the value Y may be smaller, while for non-critical (near real-time) services, the value Y may be larger. In the case where the true value cannot be calculated, the minimum number of uploaded UE data packets that need to be classified as correctly / incorrectly received is required. In addition, the accuracy level of the measured packet delay may refer to a maximum tolerable deviation of Z milliseconds or more milliseconds from the true (average) UE packet delay. For critical communications, the value Z may be smaller, while for non-critical (near real-time) services, the value Z may be larger. In the case where the true value cannot be calculated, the minimum number of transmitted UE data packets for each packet reception delay needs to be measured.

[0063] In some other example embodiments, the measurement requirement set may indicate a distance between device 220-2 and device 210. For example, the request may include an IE "SCellDist" indicating the distance between the UE and the source gNB (i.e., device 220-2). The IE may indicate, for example, a percentage of the cell radius (e.g., Figure 5 Regarding UE distance monitoring, a simple approach can be based on the timing advance (TA) technique, which allows determining the distance of the UE from the source gNB and then determining the distance and the cell radius (e.g. Figure 5) is the ratio of the cell radius R240 shown in , which is the configured parameter SCellDist. Another method for this distance determination can be based on the Global Positioning System (GPS) from the UE application layer. For example, the collected UE performance feedback measurements can be closely related to the context of the ML-based or ML-assisted actions taken by device 220-2 (e.g., the decision when the UE switches to the target cell) and do not represent changes in UE QoS due to another event that is unrelated to the event of interest (e.g., the UE switches from the initially considered target cell to another (third) cell). In this case, an example of this contextual assurance requirement can be the spatiotemporal situation of the focused UE (i.e., device 210) when device 220-1 (i.e., the target gNB) collects its performance feedback measurements, namely (i) whether its distance from device 220-2 (i.e., the source gNB) is such that the UE service experienced is a byproduct of the ML-based actions taken, and (ii) monitoring the UE QoS metrics during the time interval starting from the completion of the actions taken. Another example of the context ensuring requirement may be the occurrence of another event (eg, a triggered HO event) that is independent of the event as a result of the action taken by device 220-2. In some other example embodiments, the measurement requirement set may indicate available resources for UE performance feedback.

[0064] Device 220-1 may transmit (4020) an acknowledgement (ACK) for the request to device 220-2. In other words, device 220-2 may receive an ACK for the request from device 220-1. For example, device 220-1 may transmit a response indicating an ACK for the request to device 220-2.

[0065] During the switching process, device 210 may switch from device 220-2 (i.e., source network device) to device 220-2 (i.e., target device 220-1). Figure 5 As shown, along the trajectory 230, the device 210 may move from the cell 202 to the cell 201, that is, switch from the device 220-2 to the device 220-1. Note that the switching process may be performed according to any appropriate method. Figure 5 As shown, a successful HO completion can be completed at time t 250 .

[0066] Device 210 transmits (4030) at least one positioning signaling to device 220-1. In other words, device 220-1 receives at least one positioning signaling from device 210. The at least one positioning signaling facilitates measurements for UE performance feedback for device 210. For example, the positioning signaling may indicate a GPS of device 210. Alternatively, the positioning signaling may be related to TA signaling.

[0067] Device 220-1 performs (4040) measurements for UE performance feedback. For example, device 220-1 may measure UE data rates (such as UL data and / or DL ​​data). Alternatively or additionally, device 220-1 may measure a packet loss rate of device 210. In some other example embodiments, device 220-1 may measure a packet delay of device 210. Device 220-2 may also measure a distance between device 210 and device 220-1. For example, device 220-2 may measure the distance based on received (4030) positioning signaling. In some example embodiments, device 220-1 may measure a packet loss rate (PER) of device 210. Figure 5 As shown, device 220-1 can be at time t 250 Start collecting UE performance feedback.

[0068] Device 220-1 may determine (4050) whether a termination condition for measurement is satisfied. In other words, device 220-1 may determine a maximum allowed time interval (eg, Figure 5 For example, Figure 5 As shown, device 220-1 can be at time t 251 Stop measuring UE performance feedback.

[0069] In some exemplary embodiments, the termination condition may include the expiration of a timer set by the device 220-2. For example, the termination condition may include measurement termination rule 1, where the UE performance feedback measurement collection is terminated when the maximum timer set by the device 220-2 (i.e., the source gNB) expires. In this case, for the report success / failure evaluation, the UE performance feedback measurement report is successful if the distance between the device 210 and the device 220-2 (i.e., its source gNB) is below a threshold and all UE QoS metrics have reached the required accuracy level at the time of measurement termination, otherwise it fails.

[0070] Alternatively or additionally, the termination condition may include the triggering of another handover event for the device 210 during the measurement for UE performance feedback. For example, the termination condition may include measurement termination rule 2, wherein the UE performance feedback measurement collection is terminated when another handover event for the device 210 is triggered during the performance feedback measurement collection. In this case, for the report success / failure evaluation, the UE performance feedback measurement report is successful if the distance between the device 210 and the device 220-2 (i.e., its source gNB) is below a threshold and all UE QoS metrics have reached a required level of accuracy at the time of measurement termination, otherwise it fails. Alternatively or additionally, the termination condition may include a termination rule such that the UE performance feedback measurement collection is terminated when the device 210 is connected to a beam different from the beam it was connected to during the handover.

[0071] Alternatively or additionally, in some exemplary embodiments, the termination condition may include a trigger that the radio condition reported by the device 210 to the target gNB (e.g., in terms of one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement or reference signal received quality (RSRQ) measurement) falls below a first threshold. Alternatively or additionally, in some exemplary embodiments, the termination condition may include a trigger that the radio condition reported by the device 210 to the target gNB, e.g., in terms of RSRP, RSRQ, or signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) measurement, becomes above a second threshold.

[0072] Alternatively or in addition, in some example embodiments, the termination condition may include a trigger to enable dual connectivity at the device 210 .

[0073] In some exemplary embodiments, the termination condition may include a distance between device 210 and device 220-2 exceeding a threshold distance. For example, the termination condition may include measurement termination rule 3, where UE performance feedback measurement collection is terminated when the distance between device 210 and device 220-2 (i.e., its source gNB) exceeds a threshold. In this case, for reporting success / failure evaluation, the UE performance feedback measurement report is successful if all UE QoS metrics have achieved the required accuracy level at the time of measurement termination, otherwise it fails.

[0074] Alternatively or additionally, the termination condition may include a level of accuracy of the measurement being equal to or higher than the level of accuracy indicated in the measurement requirement set. For example, the termination condition may include measurement termination rule 4, where UE performance feedback measurement collection is terminated when sufficient performance measurements are collected resulting in a level of accuracy equal to or higher than the level of accuracy requested for all UE QoS metrics. In this case, for reporting success / failure evaluation, the UE performance feedback measurement report is successful if the distance between device 210 and device 220-2 (i.e., its source gNB) is below a threshold and at the time of measurement termination, otherwise it fails.

[0075] In some example embodiments, the termination condition may include available resources at device 220-1 being below a threshold. For example, the termination condition may include measurement termination rule 5, wherein UE performance feedback measurement collection is terminated when available computing resources dedicated to such performance measurement collection at device 220-1 (i.e., the target gNB) are below a threshold. In this case, for reporting success / failure evaluation, UE performance feedback measurement reporting is successful if the distance between device 210 and device 220-2 (i.e., its source gNB) is below a threshold and all UE QoS metrics have reached a required level of accuracy at the time of measurement termination, and otherwise failed.

[0076] Alternatively, or in addition, the termination condition may include any one or a combination of the above conditions. For example, the termination condition may include measurement termination rule 6, wherein no matter which condition (for measurement termination rule 1 or for measurement termination rule 2 or for measurement termination rule 3 or for measurement termination rule 4 or for measurement termination rule 5) is triggered first, UE performance feedback measurement collection is terminated.

[0077] If the termination condition is met, device 220-1 determines (4060) whether the measurement requirement set is met. Device 220-1 transmits (4070) information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination (4060) to device 220-2. In other words, device 220-2 receives information related to UE performance feedback from device 220-1. Figure 5 As shown, device 220-1 can be at time t 252 The device 220-1 may start transmitting information related to UE performance feedback at time t 253 The transmission of information related to UE performance feedback is stopped. In this way, it can achieve context-aware time configuration for UE performance feedback.

[0078] In an example embodiment, if the measurement requirement set is met, device 220-1 may transmit (4070) information indicating the results of the measurement for UE performance feedback to device 220-2. For example, in the case of a successful (i.e., context-aware and timely) report, device 220-1 may transmit in its message body a one-time success response (i.e., a message of AI / ML information update via an Xn interface) carrying a UE performance feedback measurement report. For example, the information may include an IE "KpiValue" representing the value of the requested UE QoS KPI (e.g., DL / UL data rate, packet loss rate, packet delay) when averaged during the time interval used for UE performance feedback monitoring in the case of a successful UE performance feedback measurement report operation.

[0079] Alternatively, if the measurement requirement set is not met, device 220-1 may transmit (4070) information indicating the reason for the failure in the measurement for UE performance feedback to device 220-2. For example, device 220-1 may transmit a one-time failure response (i.e., AI / ML information failure via the Xn interface) carrying a cause value in its message body explaining the reason for the failure to report. For example, the information may include an IE "CauseValue" that indicates the value of the reason that caused the UE performance feedback measurement reporting operation to fail.

[0080] In an example embodiment, the cause of the failure may include insufficient measurement accuracy within the runtime of the timer. For example, the IE may be "INSUFFICENT MEASUREMENTPRECISION-MAX TIMER EXPIRED" in the following case: Within a predefined time interval (timer expiration end), all requested UE QoS KPIs cannot meet {Kpirecision}, and the SCellDist threshold is not overcome at the same time.

[0081] In another example embodiment, the cause of failure may include insufficient measurement precision after the context limit of UE performance feedback is reached. For example, if the UE performance feedback measurement record is terminated due to the SCellDist criterion being met, the IE may be "Insufficient measurement precision - context limit reached" if {Kiprecision} cannot be met for all requested UE QoS KPIs.

[0082] In another example embodiment, the cause of failure may include partial out-of-context measurements. For example, in the case where {Kiprecision} is satisfied, but i) SCellDist is violated before the measurement is terminated (e.g., the target gNB has delayed obtaining the distance information) or ii) another event (e.g., UE HO to another cell) is triggered in the meantime, then the IE may be "PARTIAL OUT-OF-CONTEXT MEASUREMENTS".

[0083] Alternatively or additionally, the cause of the failure may include insufficient computing resources for the measurement of UE performance feedback. For example, in the case where the UE performance feedback measurement report is interrupted (and the requirements {KiPrecision} or SCellDist are not met) or the source gNB request is directly rejected after the target gNB receives it due to the lack of computing (CPU, memory, storage) resources required to collect and process the collected UE performance feedback measurements, the IE may be "INSUFFICENT COMPUTING RESOURCES". For example, the only exception is that the device 220-1 has insufficient computing resources when initially receiving the AI / ML INFORMATION REQUEST configuration message (and therefore, instead of sending an AI / ML INFORMATION RESPONSE confirmation message, an AI / ML INFORMATION FAILURE message with CauseValue = "INSUFFICENT COMPUTING RESOURCES" may be sent). In all other cases, the device 220-1 may always initiate a UE performance feedback measurement report. In these cases, the success or failure of the operation may be evaluated by the device 220-1 only after one of the measurement termination rules 1-6 proposed for measurement reporting termination is activated.

[0084] In some example embodiments, the maximum reporting time requirement (in the measurement termination rule 1 described above) may provide a maximum waiting time for device 220-2 to receive information related to UE performance feedback after the event of interest (eg, UE HO execution completion) occurs.

[0085] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an example method 600 implemented at a first device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 600 may be implemented at a first device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 The device 210 is implemented in FIG.

[0086] At block 610, the first device receives a request for user equipment (UE) performance feedback from a third device from a second device. The request indicates a set of measurement requirements. The third device switches from the second device to the first device.

[0087] At block 620 , the first device performs measurements for UE performance feedback on the third device.

[0088] At block 630 , the first device determines whether a set of measurement requirements is satisfied based on measurements for UE performance feedback in accordance with determining that a termination condition for measurement is satisfied.

[0089] At block 640 , the first device transmits information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination to the second device.

[0090] In some example embodiments, the measurement requirement set indicates at least one of: an accuracy level of a metric for UE performance feedback, a maximum reporting time for UE performance feedback, a distance between the third apparatus and the second apparatus, or available resources for UE performance feedback.

[0091] In some example embodiments, the accuracy level of the metric used for UE performance feedback includes at least one of: an accuracy level of a measured UE data rate, an accuracy level of a measured packet loss rate, or an accuracy level of a measured data packet delay.

[0092] In some example embodiments, the termination condition for the measurement includes at least one of: expiration of a timer set by the second device, triggering of another switching event for the third device during the measurement for UE performance feedback, the distance between the third device and the second device exceeds a threshold distance, the accuracy level of the measurement is equal to or higher than the accuracy level indicated in the measurement requirement set, the available resources at the first device are lower than a threshold, the third device is connected to a beam different from the beam used during the switching, the radio conditions reported by the third device fall below a first threshold, the radio conditions reported by the third device become higher than a second threshold, or dual connectivity is enabled at the third device.

[0093] In some example embodiments, method 600 further includes: based on determining that the set of measurement requirements is satisfied, transmitting information indicating results of the measurement for UE performance feedback to the second apparatus.

[0094] In some example embodiments, method 600 further includes: based on determining that the set of measurement requirements is satisfied, transmitting information indicating results of the measurement for UE performance feedback to the second apparatus.

[0095] In some example embodiments, the cause of the failure includes at least one of the following: insufficient measurement accuracy within the running time of the timer, insufficient measurement accuracy after the context limit of the UE performance feedback is reached, partial out-of-context measurement, or insufficient computing resources for the measurement of the UE performance feedback.

[0096] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a target network device, the second apparatus is a source network device, and the third apparatus is a terminal device.

[0097] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at a second device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 700 may be implemented at a second device. Figure 2 The device 220-1 is implemented in FIG.

[0098] At block 710, the second device transmits a request for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for a third device to the first device. The request indicates a set of measurement requirements. The third device switches from the second device to the first device.

[0099] At block 720 , the second apparatus receives information related to UE performance feedback based on the determination from the first apparatus.

[0100] In some example embodiments, the measurement requirement set indicates at least one of: a level of accuracy of a metric for UE performance feedback, a maximum reporting time for UE performance feedback, or a distance between the third apparatus and the second apparatus.

[0101] In some example embodiments, the accuracy level of the metric used for UE performance feedback includes at least one of: an accuracy level of a measured UE data rate, an accuracy level of a measured packet loss rate, or an accuracy level of a measured data packet delay.

[0102] In some example embodiments, the method 700 further includes receiving, from the first device, information indicating a measurement result for UE performance feedback.

[0103] In some example embodiments, the method 700 further includes receiving, from the first device, information indicating a reason for a measurement failure for the UE performance feedback.

[0104] In some example embodiments, the cause of the failure includes at least one of the following: insufficient measurement accuracy within the running time of the timer, insufficient measurement accuracy after the context limit of the UE performance feedback is reached, partial out-of-context measurement, or insufficient computing resources for the measurement of the UE performance feedback.

[0105] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a target network device, the second apparatus is a source network device, and the third apparatus is a terminal device.

[0106] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a third device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For discussion purposes, the method 800 may be implemented at a third device. Figure 2 The device 220-2 is implemented in FIG.

[0107] At block 810 , the third device performs a handoff from the second device to the first device.

[0108] At block 820 , the third apparatus transmits to the first apparatus at least one positioning signaling facilitating measurement for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for the third apparatus.

[0109] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a target network device, the second apparatus is a source network device, and the third apparatus is a terminal device.

[0110] In some example embodiments, a first device (eg, Figure 2 The device 210 in FIG. 1 may include a component for performing the corresponding operation of method 600. The component may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the component may be implemented in a circuit or a software module. The first device may be implemented as the device 210 in FIG. 1 or included in the device 210 in FIG. 1.

[0111] In some example embodiments, the first device includes: a component for receiving a request for user equipment UE performance feedback for a third device from a second device, the request indicating a measurement requirement set; a component for performing measurements for UE performance feedback on the third device, the third device switching from the second device to the first device; a component for determining whether the measurement requirement set is met based on the measurements for UE performance feedback according to determining that a termination condition for the measurement is met; and a component for transmitting information related to the UE performance feedback based on the determination to the second device.

[0112] In some example embodiments, the measurement requirement set indicates at least one of: an accuracy level of a metric for UE performance feedback, a maximum reporting time for UE performance feedback, a distance between the third apparatus and the second apparatus, or available resources for UE performance feedback.

[0113] In some example embodiments, the accuracy level of the metric used for UE performance feedback includes at least one of: an accuracy level of a measured UE data rate, an accuracy level of a measured packet loss rate, or an accuracy level of a measured data packet delay.

[0114] In some example embodiments, the termination condition for the measurement includes at least one of: expiration of a timer set by the second device, triggering of another switching event for the third device during the measurement for UE performance feedback, the distance between the third device and the second device exceeds a threshold distance, the accuracy level of the measurement is equal to or higher than the accuracy level indicated in the measurement requirement set, the available resources at the first device are lower than a threshold, the third device is connected to a beam different from the beam used during the switching, the radio conditions reported by the third device fall below a first threshold, the radio conditions reported by the third device become higher than a second threshold, or dual connectivity is enabled at the third device.

[0115] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises means for transmitting, to the second apparatus, information indicating results of measurements for UE performance feedback in accordance with determining that the set of measurement requirements is satisfied.

[0116] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: based on determining that the example embodiment measurement requirement set is not satisfied, transmitting to the second apparatus information indicating a reason why the example embodiment measurement failed for the example embodiment UE performance feedback.

[0117] In some example embodiments, the cause of the failure includes at least one of the following: insufficient measurement accuracy within the running time of the timer, insufficient measurement accuracy after the context limit of the UE performance feedback is reached, partial out-of-context measurement, or insufficient computing resources for the measurement of the UE performance feedback.

[0118] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a target network device, the second apparatus is a source network device, and the third apparatus is a terminal device.

[0119] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of method 600 or device 210. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to perform the operations.

[0120] In some example embodiments, a second device (eg, Figure 2 The device 220-1 in the method 700 may include a component for performing the corresponding operation of the method 700. The component may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the component may be implemented in a circuit or a software module. The second device may be implemented as Figure 2 The device 220-1 in or included in Figure 2 In the device 220-1.

[0121] In some example embodiments, the second device includes: a component for transmitting a request for user equipment UE performance feedback for a third device to the first device, the request indicating a set of measurement requirements, and the third device switches from the second device to the first device; and a component for receiving information related to the UE performance feedback based on the determination from the first device.

[0122] In some example embodiments, the measurement requirement set indicates at least one of: a level of accuracy of a metric for UE performance feedback, a maximum reporting time for UE performance feedback, a distance between the third apparatus and the second apparatus, or available resources for UE performance feedback.

[0123] In some example embodiments, the accuracy level of the metric used for UE performance feedback includes at least one of: an accuracy level of a measured UE data rate, an accuracy level of a measured packet loss rate, or an accuracy level of a measured data packet delay.

[0124] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises means for receiving information indicative of measurement results for UE performance feedback from the first device.

[0125] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises means for receiving information from the first device indicating a reason for a measurement failure for the UE performance feedback.

[0126] In some example embodiments, the cause of the failure includes at least one of the following: insufficient measurement accuracy within the running time of the timer, insufficient measurement accuracy after the context limit of the UE performance feedback is reached, partial out-of-context measurement, or insufficient computing resources for the measurement of the UE performance feedback.

[0127] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a target network device, the second apparatus is a source network device, and the third apparatus is a terminal device.

[0128] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises means for performing the method 700 or other operations of some example embodiments of the device 220-1. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to perform the operations.

[0129] In some example embodiments, a third device (eg, Figure 2 The device 220-2 in the method 800 may include a component for performing the corresponding operation of the method 800. The component may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the component may be implemented in a circuit or a software module. The third device may be implemented as Figure 2 The device 220-2 or included in Figure 2 In device 220-2.

[0130] In some example embodiments, the third apparatus comprises: means for performing a handover from the second apparatus to the first apparatus; and means for transmitting to the first apparatus at least one positioning signaling facilitating measurements for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for the third apparatus.

[0131] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a target network device, the second apparatus is a source network device, and the third apparatus is a terminal device.

[0132] In some example embodiments, the third apparatus further comprises means for performing the method 800 or other operations of some example embodiments of the device 220-2. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third apparatus to perform the operations.

[0133] Fig. 9 900 is a simplified block diagram of an apparatus 900 suitable for implementing an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus 900 may be configured to implement a communication apparatus, such as Figure 2 The device 210 or the device 220 - 1 shown. As shown, the device 900 includes one or more processors 910 , one or more memories 920 coupled to the processors 910 , and one or more communication modules 940 coupled to the processors 910 .

[0134] The communication module 940 is used for two-way communication. The communication module 940 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interface may represent any interface necessary to communicate with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 940 may include at least one antenna.

[0135] Processor 910 may be of any type suitable for the local technology network and may include one or more of the following: a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. Device 900 may have multiple processors, such as application specific integrated circuit chips that are time slaved to a clock that synchronizes a main processor.

[0136] The memory 920 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) 924, electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk, compact disk (CD), digital video disk (DVD), optical disk, laser disk, and other magnetic and / or optical memories. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) 922 and other volatile memories that will not last for the duration of a power outage.

[0137] The computer program 930 includes computer executable instructions executed by the associated processor 910. The instructions of the program 930 may include instructions for performing the operations / actions of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 930 may be stored in a memory such as ROM 924. The processor 910 may perform any suitable actions and processes by loading the program 930 into the RAM 922.

[0138] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by a program 930 so that the device 900 may execute the Figures 2 to 8 Any process of the present disclosure discussed. Example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or a combination of software and hardware.

[0139] In some exemplary embodiments, the program 930 may be tangibly contained in a computer-readable medium, which may be contained in the device 900 (e.g., in the memory 920) or in other storage devices accessible by the device 900. The device 900 may load the program 930 from the computer-readable medium to the RAM 922 for execution. In some exemplary embodiments, the computer-readable medium may include any type of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc. The term "non-transitory" as used herein is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal), as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistence (e.g., RAM vs. .ROM).

[0140] Fig.10 An example of a computer readable medium 1000 is shown, which may be in the form of a CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 1000 has a program 930 stored thereon.

[0141] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuits, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software, which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. Although various aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other graphical representations, it should be understood that, as non-limiting examples, the blocks, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuits or logic, general hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0142] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium (such as, non-volatile computer-readable medium). The computer program product includes computer executable instructions, such as those computer executable instructions executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor included in a program module to perform any method as described above. Typically, a program module includes routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The functionality of a program module can be combined or split between program modules as needed in different embodiments. Machine executable instructions for program modules can be executed in local or distributed devices. In distributed devices, program modules can be located in local and remote storage media.

[0143] The program code for performing the method of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device so that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, causes the implementation of the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram. The program code may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as an independent software package, partially on the machine, partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0144] In the context of the present disclosure, computer program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer readable media, etc.

[0145] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer readable storage media will include an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0146] In addition, although the operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be construed as requiring the execution of such operations in the particular order shown or in a sequential order, or the execution of all described operations, to achieve the desired result. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing can be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of this disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to a particular embodiment. Unless explicitly stated, certain features described in the context of a separate embodiment may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. On the contrary, unless explicitly stated, the different features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

[0147] Although the disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological actions, it is to be understood that the disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Instead, the specific features and actions described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A first device for communication, comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: receiving a request for performance feedback of a user equipment (UE) from a second device, wherein the request indicates a set of measurement requirements; performing measurement for the UE performance feedback on a third device, wherein the third device is switched from the second device to the first device; determining, based on determining that a termination condition for the measurement is met, whether the set of measurement requirements is met based on the measurement for the UE performance feedback; as well as Transmitting information related to the UE performance feedback based on the determination to the second device.

2. The first device according to claim 1, wherein the measurement requirement set indicates at least one of the following: the level of accuracy of the metrics used for said UE performance feedback, The maximum reporting time for the UE performance feedback, the distance between the third device and the second device, or Available resources for the UE performance feedback.

3. The first apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the accuracy level of the metric used for the UE performance feedback comprises at least one of the following: The level of accuracy of the measured UE data rate, The level of accuracy of the measured packet loss rate, or The level of accuracy with which packet delay is measured.

4. The first device according to claim 1, wherein the termination condition for the measurement comprises at least one of the following: a timer set by the second device expires, triggering of another handover event for the third device during the measurement for the UE performance feedback, The distance between the third device and the second device exceeds a threshold distance, The level of accuracy of the measurement is equal to or higher than the level of accuracy indicated in the measurement requirement set, The available resources at the first device are below a threshold, the third device being connected to a beam different from the beam used during the handover, the radio condition reported by the third device falls below a first threshold, the radio condition reported by the third device becomes higher than a second threshold, or Dual connectivity is enabled at the third device.

5. The first device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first device: Based on determining that the measurement requirement set is satisfied, transmitting the information indicating results of the measurements for the UE performance feedback to the second apparatus.

6. The first device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first device: Based on determining that the set of measurement requirements is not met, information indicating a reason for the measurement failure for the UE performance feedback is transmitted to the second device.

7. The first device according to claim 6, wherein the cause of the failure comprises at least one of the following: Insufficient measurement accuracy during the running time of the timer, After the context limit of the UE performance feedback is reached, the measurement accuracy is insufficient, Partially measured out of context, or Insufficient computational resources for the measurements for the UE performance feedback.

8. The first device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first device is a target network device, the second device is a source network device, and the third device is a terminal device.

9. A second device for communication, comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: transmitting a request for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for a third device to a first device, wherein the request indicates a set of measurement requirements, and wherein the third device switches from the second device to the first device; as well as Information related to the UE performance feedback based on the determination is received from the first device.

10. The second device according to claim 9, wherein the measurement requirement set indicates at least one of the following: the level of accuracy of the metrics used for said UE performance feedback, The maximum reporting time for the UE performance feedback, the distance between the third device and the second device, or Available resources for the UE performance feedback.

11. The second apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the accuracy level of the metric used for the UE performance feedback comprises at least one of the following: The level of accuracy of the measured UE data rate, The level of accuracy of the measured packet loss rate, or The level of accuracy with which packet delay is measured.

12. The second device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the second device: Information indicating results of the measurements for the UE performance feedback is received from the first device.

13. The second device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the second device: Information indicating a cause of the measurement failure for the UE performance feedback is received from the first device.

14. The second device according to claim 13, wherein the cause of the failure comprises at least one of the following: Insufficient measurement accuracy during the running time of the timer, After the context limit of the UE performance feedback is reached, the measurement accuracy is insufficient, Partially measured out of context, or Insufficient computational resources for the measurements for the UE performance feedback.

15. The second device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the first device is a target network device, the second device is a source network device, and the third device is a terminal device.

16. A third device for communication, comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the third device to: performing a handover from the second device to the first device; as well as At least one positioning signaling is transmitted to the first apparatus to facilitate measurement for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for a third apparatus. 17 . The third apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein the first apparatus is a target network device, the second apparatus is a source network device, and the third apparatus is a terminal device.

18. A method for communication, comprising: At the target network device, receiving a request for performance feedback of a user equipment (UE) from a source network device, wherein the request indicates a set of measurement requirements; Performing measurement for the UE performance feedback on a terminal device, wherein the terminal device is switched from the source network device to the target network device; determining, based on determining that a termination condition for the measurement is met, whether the set of measurement requirements is met based on the measurement for the UE performance feedback; as well as Transmitting information related to the UE performance feedback based on the determination to the source network device.

19. A method for communication, comprising: At a source network device, transmitting a request for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for a terminal device to a target network device, wherein the request indicates a set of measurement requirements, and wherein the terminal device is switched from the source network device to the target network device; as well as Information related to the UE performance feedback based on the determination is received from the target network device.

20. A method for a terminal device, comprising: performing a switch from a source network device to a target network device; as well as At least one positioning signaling facilitating measurement for user equipment (UE) performance feedback for the terminal device is transmitted to the target network device.

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