A laser damage threshold test method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser damage threshold test method, which relates to the field of damage testing. The method collects underwater propagation medium data in real time by installing an environmental sensor group, and performs real-time processing and analysis through a central processing system, so as to accurately evaluate the attenuation of the laser during underwater propagation. The laser intensity attenuation coefficient is calculated by a scattering and absorption algorithm model, and a preliminary test and evaluation is performed with the laser damage threshold to timely detect whether the laser intensity exceeds the tolerance upper limit of the equipment in the current underwater working environment. If the laser intensity is abnormal, the system will trigger a dynamic adjustment mechanism to adjust the output power, wavelength and pulse frequency of the underwater laser transmitter to reduce the laser intensity and avoid equipment damage. Therefore, it can effectively protect the underwater laser transmitter, ensure that it works safely and stably in a complex underwater environment, and greatly improve the tolerance and safety of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of damage testing, and in particular to a laser damage threshold testing method. Background Art

[0002] Laser technology is widely used in various fields, such as industrial processing, medical diagnosis, scientific research, and military equipment. Especially in underwater environments, laser technology is used for important tasks such as deep-sea exploration, submersible navigation, communication, and environmental monitoring. With the development of underwater technology, the application of lasers underwater faces unique challenges, especially the propagation characteristics of lasers in water bodies, such as scattering, absorption, and laser intensity attenuation caused by environmental factors such as water flow, temperature, and salinity. In order to ensure the long-term stable operation of underwater laser equipment, it is crucial to study the damage threshold of underwater lasers and its changes. Laser damage threshold test technology is to predict the tolerance of equipment and its damage risk by evaluating the attenuation of lasers during underwater propagation.

[0003] At present, traditional laser damage threshold test methods often ignore the time-varying characteristics of the underwater environment, which can easily lead to abnormal laser output of the equipment in actual operation. When various parameters in the underwater environment such as water depth, temperature, salinity, etc. change, the attenuation coefficient of the laser intensity will also change significantly, and the existing test methods are difficult to capture these changes in time. If the damage threshold of underwater laser intensity is not accurately estimated, it may cause damage and failure of laser equipment during actual application, and even trigger the protection mechanism of the equipment, affecting work efficiency and operational safety. Especially in deep-sea exploration and high-pressure environments, equipment damage is often accompanied by high-cost repairs and maintenance delays. Therefore, how to establish a dynamic laser damage threshold test method that can adapt to changes in the underwater environment has become a key issue in solving the reliability test of underwater laser equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a laser damage threshold testing method, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A laser damage threshold test method comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, by installing an environmental sensor group on the underwater laser transmitter, collecting the propagation medium data of the laser underwater in real time, building a central processing system, and then connecting the environmental sensor group to the central processing system to transmit the propagation medium data to the central processing system;

[0007] S2. In the central processing system, the propagation medium data is received in real time, and the propagation medium data is preprocessed to obtain a standard data set, and then a relational database is constructed, a transmission port is set, and the standard data set is stored in the relational database through the transmission port;

[0008] S3, constructing a scattering and absorption algorithm model, extracting a standard data set and inputting it into the scattering and absorption algorithm model, calculating the laser intensity attenuation coefficient, and then calculating the laser damage threshold based on the standard data set, and comparing the laser intensity attenuation coefficient with the laser damage threshold, performing preliminary test evaluation, and preliminarily analyzing the underwater tolerance of the laser transmitter;

[0009] S4. If the initial test evaluates that the laser intensity is abnormal, the output power, emission wavelength and pulse frequency of the laser transmitter are dynamically adjusted to optimize the underwater tolerance of the laser transmitter;

[0010] S5. After dynamic adjustment, calculate the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient, compare the laser intensity attenuation coefficient with the laser damage threshold, perform secondary test evaluation, analyze the laser intensity of the laser transmitter after dynamic adjustment, and if the secondary test evaluates that the laser intensity is abnormal, execute an iterative adjustment mechanism until the laser intensity is optimized to normal and the iteration is stopped.

[0011] Preferably, said S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0012] S11, by installing an environmental sensor group on the underwater laser transmitter, and setting the collection frequency of the environmental sensor group to once every 30 minutes, real-time collection of propagation medium data of the laser transmitter underwater;

[0013] The environmental sensor group includes an underwater temperature sensor, a conductivity sensor, an optical turbidity sensor, an underwater pressure sensor, a fluorescence dissolved oxygen sensor and a blade-type flow meter;

[0014] The propagation medium data include temperature, salinity, water turbidity, water pressure, dissolved oxygen concentration and water flow velocity;

[0015] S12. The central processing system is connected to the communication module of each sensor in the environmental sensor group through optical fiber communication, and the propagation medium data collected by the environmental sensor group is encapsulated into a JSON format package and sent to the central processing system.

[0016] Preferably, S2 includes S21 and S22;

[0017] S21, in the central processing system, receiving the JSON format encapsulation package in real time, and using a JSON parsing tool to decapsulate the JSON format encapsulation package to extract the propagation medium data;

[0018] After extracting the propagation medium data, preprocessing the propagation medium data is performed to unify data of different dimensions of the propagation medium data into the same dimension to obtain a standard data set;

[0019] The standard data set includes a standard value of temperature at time t, a standard value of salinity at time t, a standard value of water turbidity at time t, a standard value of water pressure at time t, a standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration at time t, and a standard value of water flow velocity at time t;

[0020] The preprocessing includes data cleaning, timestamp marking and data standardization;

[0021] The data cleaning includes missing value filling, outlier detection and noise smoothing; the propagation medium data is filled with missing data, outliers are removed and noise is removed;

[0022] The timestamp tagging is based on the environmental sensor acquisition time, marking the propagation medium data with a timestamp;

[0023] After data cleaning of the propagation medium data, Z-Score standardization is used to eliminate the influence of different dimensions between different parameters of the propagation medium data;

[0024] S22, constructing a relational database and setting a transmission port, wherein the transmission port includes a write port and a write port, and the standard data set is written into the relational database through the write port for data storage.

[0025] Preferably, said S3 includes S31, S32 and S33;

[0026] S31. Use a machine learning model to construct a scattering and absorption algorithm model, wherein the scattering and absorption algorithm model includes a scattering algorithm model, an absorption algorithm model and an attenuation algorithm model. The standard data set is extracted through a write port and input into the scattering and absorption algorithm model to calculate the output scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient. The correction factor is then input into the attenuation algorithm model to calculate the output laser intensity attenuation coefficient, and the laser intensity attenuation of the laser beam during the transmission of the underwater medium is quantified.

[0027] The absorption coefficient is obtained by extracting the standard value of temperature at time t, the standard value of salinity at time t, and the standard value of water turbidity at time t, and inputting them into the absorption algorithm model for calculation;

[0028] The scattering coefficient is constructed by extracting the standard value of temperature at time t, the standard value of salinity at time t, and the standard value of water turbidity at time t, respectively constructing the Rayleigh scattering coefficient and the Mie scattering coefficient, inputting them into the scattering algorithm model, and performing summary calculation to obtain;

[0029] The combined correction factor is obtained by fitting according to the standard value of water pressure at time t and the standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration at time t.

[0030] Preferably, S32, based on the standard data set, extract the standard value of temperature at time t, the standard value of salinity at time t, the standard value of water turbidity at time t, the standard value of water pressure at time t and the standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration at time t, and perform fitting calculations in combination with the correction factor, and analyze the real-time update of the laser damage threshold as the underwater environment changes.

[0031] Preferably, S33, based on the laser intensity attenuation coefficient and the laser damage threshold, a preliminary test evaluation analysis is performed to determine the damage to the underwater laser transmitter caused by the laser intensity of the current underwater laser transmitter in operation, and a dynamic adjustment mechanism is triggered based on the result of the preliminary test evaluation;

[0032] When the laser intensity attenuation coefficient is greater than the laser damage threshold, it indicates that the laser intensity is abnormal, triggering the dynamic adjustment mechanism;

[0033] When the laser intensity attenuation coefficient is ≤ the laser damage threshold, it indicates that the laser intensity is normal and monitoring should continue.

[0034] Preferably, S4 includes S41, S42 and S43;

[0035] S41. When the laser intensity is abnormal in the preliminary test, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is triggered to dynamically adjust the underwater laser transmitter, wherein the dynamic adjustment mechanism includes a laser power adjustment mechanism, a laser wavelength adjustment mechanism, and a laser pulse adjustment mechanism;

[0036] The laser power adjustment mechanism calculates the output laser output power adjustment value based on the output power of the underwater laser transmitter during the test, extracts the temperature standard value at time t, the salinity standard value at time t and the water turbidity standard value at the next time t after preliminary testing, and constructs a compensation factor, which is sent to the control system of the underwater laser transmitter through the central processing system to dynamically adjust the output power of the underwater laser transmitter.

[0037] Preferably, S42, the laser wavelength adjustment mechanism calculates the output emission wavelength adjustment value through the scattering coefficient and the absorption coefficient through a laser optimization algorithm formula to optimize the emission wavelength of the underwater laser transmitter;

[0038] S43, the laser pulse adjustment mechanism extracts the standard value of the water flow velocity at the next time t+1 after the preliminary test, combines the scattering coefficient and the absorption coefficient, calculates and outputs the pulse frequency adjustment value, and then sends the emission wavelength adjustment value and the pulse frequency adjustment value to the control system of the underwater laser transmitter through the central processing system to dynamically adjust the emission wavelength and pulse frequency of the underwater laser transmitter.

[0039] Preferably, said S5 includes S51 and S52;

[0040] S51. After the underwater laser transmitter is dynamically adjusted, the dynamically adjusted laser power is extracted and input into the attenuation algorithm model. A secondary calculation is performed to output the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient. The propagation attenuation of the laser transmitting device after the underwater laser transmitter is dynamically adjusted is analyzed. At the same time, S32 is executed for the second time after the dynamic adjustment to output the dynamically adjusted damage threshold.

[0041] Preferably, S52, based on the obtained adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient and the dynamically adjusted damage threshold, a secondary test evaluation is performed to analyze the damage of the dynamically adjusted laser transmitter during operation, and an iterative mechanism is generated based on the evaluation results. The specific evaluation content is as follows;

[0042] When the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient is greater than the dynamically adjusted damage threshold, it indicates that the dynamically adjusted laser intensity is abnormal, triggering the device protection mechanism, and iteratively executing S4 until the laser intensity is normal, then stopping the iteration and shutting down the protection mechanism;

[0043] When the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient is ≤ the dynamically adjusted damage threshold, it indicates that the laser intensity is normal after dynamic adjustment, and monitoring should be continued.

[0044] Beneficial Effects

[0045] The present invention provides a laser damage threshold test method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] (1) This method collects underwater propagation medium data in real time by installing an environmental sensor group, and processes and analyzes it in real time through a central processing system, which can accurately evaluate the attenuation of the laser during underwater propagation. The laser intensity attenuation coefficient is calculated through the scattering and absorption algorithm model, and a preliminary test and evaluation is performed with the laser damage threshold to timely detect whether the laser intensity exceeds the tolerance upper limit of the equipment in the current underwater working environment. If the laser intensity is abnormal, the system will trigger a dynamic adjustment mechanism to adjust the output power, wavelength and pulse frequency of the underwater laser transmitter to reduce the laser intensity and avoid equipment damage. Therefore, it can effectively protect the underwater laser transmitter and ensure its safe and stable operation in a complex underwater environment, greatly improving the tolerance and safety of the equipment.

[0047] (2) This method uses a dynamic adjustment mechanism based on environmental data to dynamically adjust the power, wavelength and pulse frequency of the laser transmitter by real-time monitoring and evaluation of underwater environmental parameters. In the preliminary testing stage, if the laser intensity attenuation coefficient exceeds the laser damage threshold, the system will calculate the compensation factor based on the real-time data provided by the environmental sensor and adjust the laser output power. Through this mechanism, the laser transmitter can be accurately adjusted in different waters and depth environments, improving the adaptability and stability of the equipment. In addition, the present invention also ensures that the laser intensity of the equipment is always within a safe range under any circumstances through multiple tests and evaluations combined with correction factors, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the underwater laser equipment.

[0048] (3) This method can accurately calculate the impact of the underwater environment on laser propagation and dynamically predict the laser damage threshold by constructing a scattering and absorption algorithm model and combining it with environmental sensor data. By real-time data collection and standardized processing of different environmental parameters, the real-time changes of the laser damage threshold can be accurately calculated and dynamically adjusted. When the laser intensity exceeds the damage threshold, the system will automatically trigger the protection mechanism and start the dynamic adjustment process to reduce the laser intensity and prevent damage to the equipment. Through repeated iterative optimization process, this method can ensure the long-term stable operation of the laser transmitter in a complex underwater environment, significantly improving the working safety and intelligence level of underwater laser equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the steps of a laser damage threshold testing method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The present invention provides a laser damage threshold test method, please refer to Figure 1 , including the following steps:

[0053] S1, by installing an environmental sensor group on the underwater laser transmitter, collecting the propagation medium data of the laser underwater in real time, building a central processing system, and then connecting the environmental sensor group with the central processing system to transmit the propagation medium data to the central processing system;

[0054] S2. In the central processing system, the propagation medium data is received in real time, and the propagation medium data is preprocessed to obtain a standard data set, and then a relational database is constructed, a transmission port is set, and the standard data set is stored in the relational database through the transmission port;

[0055] S3. Construct a scattering and absorption algorithm model, extract a standard data set and input it into the scattering and absorption algorithm model, calculate the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ, and then calculate the laser damage threshold Ith based on the standard data set, and compare the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ with the laser damage threshold Ith, conduct a preliminary test evaluation, and preliminarily analyze the tolerance of the laser transmitter under water;

[0056] S4. If the initial test evaluates that the laser intensity is abnormal, the output power, emission wavelength and pulse frequency of the laser transmitter are dynamically adjusted to optimize the underwater tolerance of the laser transmitter;

[0057] S5. After dynamic adjustment, calculate the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ', compare the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ' with the laser damage threshold Ith, perform secondary test evaluation, and analyze the laser intensity of the laser transmitter after dynamic adjustment. If the secondary test evaluates that the laser intensity is abnormal, execute the iterative adjustment mechanism until the laser intensity is optimized to normal and stop the iteration.

[0058] In this embodiment, the method collects the underwater propagation medium data of the laser in real time by installing an environmental sensor group on the underwater laser transmitter, and constructs a central processing system for data transmission and storage, thereby realizing accurate monitoring and analysis of the working state of the underwater laser transmitter. By preprocessing the collected propagation medium data, generating a standard data set and storing it in a relational database, effective management and efficient use of data are ensured. Subsequently, combined with the scattering and absorption algorithm model, the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ and the laser damage threshold Ith can be accurately calculated, and preliminary test evaluation is performed to analyze the tolerance of the laser transmitter. When the test results show that the laser intensity is abnormal, a dynamic adjustment mechanism will be triggered to adjust the power, wavelength and pulse frequency of the laser transmitter to optimize the working state of the laser transmitter. Through secondary test evaluation and iterative adjustment mechanism, it is ensured that the laser intensity is finally restored to a safe range, thereby avoiding equipment damage. The purpose of this implementation scheme is to ensure the stable operation and safety of the underwater laser transmitter in a complex underwater environment. By acquiring and analyzing the propagation medium data in real time, the present invention can finely adjust the working state of the laser transmitter and reduce the risk of damage to the equipment caused by environmental changes. At the same time, through the precise calculation of the scattering and absorption algorithm model, the laser intensity attenuation process is optimized, and the adaptability and reliability are improved. Finally, the present invention optimizes the working parameters of the laser transmitter through a dynamic adjustment mechanism, improves the stability, durability and performance of the equipment, and ensures the efficient operation of the laser transmitter in different underwater environments.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0061] S11, by installing an environmental sensor group on the underwater laser transmitter, and setting the collection frequency of the environmental sensor group to once every 30 minutes, real-time collection of propagation medium data of the laser transmitter underwater;

[0062] The environmental sensor group includes underwater temperature sensor, conductivity sensor, optical turbidity sensor, underwater pressure sensor, fluorescence dissolved oxygen sensor and vane flow meter;

[0063] The propagation medium data include temperature T, salinity S, water turbidity Iturb, water pressure P, dissolved oxygen concentration O2 and water flow velocity Vf low;

[0064] S12. The central processing system is connected to the communication module of each sensor in the environmental sensor group through optical fiber communication, and the propagation medium data collected by the environmental sensor group is encapsulated into a JSON format package and sent to the central processing system.

[0065] In this embodiment, the method monitors the propagation medium data of the underwater environment in real time by installing an environmental sensor on the underwater laser transmitter. Data is collected every 30 minutes to ensure its timeliness and reliability, providing a basis for the analysis of laser propagation characteristics. The sensor encapsulates the data in JSON format through optical fiber communication technology and transmits it to the central processing system to ensure high-speed and stable transmission and avoid data loss or misinterpretation. The impact of the underwater environment on the laser transmitter is mainly reflected in the propagation characteristics of the laser beam, such as physical phenomena such as scattering, absorption and refraction, which cause laser energy attenuation and affect laser intensity and damage threshold. The specific influencing factors are as follows: Water temperature T: The increase in temperature causes the refractive index to change, increases beam scattering and absorption, reduces laser efficiency and increases the risk of damage. Salinity S: Changes in salt concentration affect the conductivity and the refraction and scattering characteristics of light, increasing laser attenuation and damage risk. Water turbidity Iturb: Higher turbidity increases particle scattering, causing laser energy attenuation and increasing the risk of damage. Water pressure P: Water depth increases water pressure, changes the refractive index and absorption characteristics, and excessive water pressure may cause energy loss and overload. Dissolved oxygen concentration O2: Oxygen concentration affects the dissolved state of other substances in the water, indirectly affecting the laser propagation characteristics. Water flow velocity Vflow: Strong water flow causes uneven water body, increases beam scattering and laser attenuation, and increases the transmitter load.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] This embodiment is explained in Example 2. Please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: S2 includes S21 and S22;

[0068] S21 receives the JSON format package in real time in the central processing system, and uses the JSON parsing tool to decapsulate the JSON format package to extract the propagation medium data;

[0069] After the propagation medium data is extracted, the propagation medium data is preprocessed to unify the data of different dimensions of the propagation medium data into the same dimension to obtain a standard data set;

[0070] The standard data set includes the standard value of temperature at time t T'(t), the standard value of salinity at time t S'(t), the standard value of water turbidity at time t Iturb'(t), the standard value of water pressure at time t P'(t), the standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration at time t O2'(t) and the standard value of water flow velocity at time t Vflow'(t);

[0071] Preprocessing includes data cleaning, timestamp labeling, and data standardization;

[0072] Data cleaning includes missing value filling, outlier detection and noise smoothing; for propagation medium data, missing data is filled, outliers are removed and noise is removed;

[0073] The timestamp tagging is based on the environmental sensor acquisition time, and the propagation medium data is timestamped;

[0074] After data cleaning of the propagation medium data, the influence of different dimensions between different parameters of the propagation medium data is eliminated by using Z-Score standardization.

[0075] S22, construct a relational database and set a transmission port, the transmission port includes a write port and a write port, and the standard data set is written into the relational database through the write port for data storage.

[0076] In this embodiment, during the implementation of S2, the central processing system receives the JSON format package from the environmental sensor group in real time, and uses the JSON parsing tool to unpack the package to extract the propagation medium data. Then, the central processing system preprocesses these data to ensure the consistency and availability of the data. The preprocessing process includes three main steps: Data cleaning: In this step, the missing values ​​of the propagation medium data are first filled to ensure the integrity of all parameters. Subsequently, the abnormal values ​​in the data are detected and removed to avoid the adverse effects of extreme values ​​on subsequent analysis. Finally, noise smoothing is performed to remove possible measurement errors and random fluctuations in the environment to ensure the accuracy of the data. Timestamp marking: In order to ensure that each piece of data matches its acquisition time, the central processing system adds a timestamp to each piece of data according to the acquisition time of the environmental sensor, so that data at different time points can be traced and associated in subsequent analysis. Data standardization: Since the dimensions of data from different propagation media may be different, the central processing system uses the Z-Score standardization method to standardize all parameters, eliminate the impact of dimensional differences, and ensure that all data can be effectively compared and processed in the same dimension. The data processed through the above steps are integrated into a standard data set. These data are then transmitted through the write port and stored in the constructed relational database to ensure long-term preservation and efficient access to the data. Through this process, the quality and consistency of underwater laser propagation medium data can be guaranteed, providing a reliable data basis for the subsequent calculation of laser intensity attenuation and damage threshold, thereby supporting the performance evaluation and optimization of underwater laser transmitters and improving the stability and tolerance of laser transmitters in complex underwater environments.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] This embodiment is explained in Example 3, please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: S3 includes S31, S32 and S33;

[0079] S31. Use the machine learning model to construct a scattering and absorption algorithm model. The scattering and absorption algorithm model includes a scattering algorithm model, an absorption algorithm model and an attenuation algorithm model. The standard data set is extracted through the write port and input into the scattering and absorption algorithm model to calculate the output scattering coefficient Ss and absorption coefficient Xs. Combined with the correction factor Xz, it is input into the attenuation algorithm model to calculate the output laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ, and quantify the laser intensity attenuation of the laser beam during the transmission of the underwater medium.

[0080] The absorption coefficient Xs is obtained by extracting the standard value of temperature T'(t) at time t, the standard value of salinity S'(t) at time t, and the standard value of water turbidity Iturb'(t) at time t, and inputting them into the absorption algorithm model for calculation; the absorption coefficient Xs is calculated and output by the following scattering algorithm model:

[0081] Xs=αH2O(T'(t))+βs(S'(t))+γturb(Iturb'(t)), where αH2O(T'(t)) is the pure water temperature absorption coefficient, βs(S'(t)) is the salinity absorption coefficient, and γturb(Iturb'(t)) is the turbidity absorption coefficient;

[0082] The scattering coefficient Ss is constructed by extracting the standard value of temperature T'(t) at time t, the standard value of salinity S' at time t, and the standard value of water turbidity Iturb' at time t, respectively, and inputting them into the scattering algorithm model, and then performing summary calculation to obtain it;

[0083] The scattering coefficient Ss is calculated and output by the following scattering algorithm model formula:

[0084] Ss=σ Ray (T'(t), S'(t))+σ Mie (Iturb'(t)), where σ Ray (T'(t), S'(t)) represents the Rayleigh scattering coefficient. Rayleigh scattering is mainly caused by the molecular structure. Temperature changes change the molecular motion characteristics. Salinity affects the refraction behavior of dissolved ions to light. σ Mie (Iturb'(t)) represents the Mie scattering coefficient. Mie scattering is determined by the size and concentration of the particulate matter, and its influence on the scattering coefficient is usually a power law relationship;

[0085] Combined with the correction factor Xz, it is obtained by fitting according to the standard value of water pressure P'(t) at time t and the standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration O2'(t) at time t, and is used to control the pressure and dissolved oxygen conditions at different water depths. The specific algorithm formula is: Xz=1+hp(P)+h0(O2); where hp(P) represents the pressure influence function, and h0(O2) represents the dissolved oxygen influence function;

[0086] The laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula;

[0087]

[0088] Where I0 represents the initial intensity of the laser, e represents the exponential function, and z represents the water depth. The water pressure P is obtained by an underwater pressure sensor and calculated in real time.

[0089] S32, based on the standard data set, extract the standard value of temperature T'(t) at time t, the standard value of salinity S'(t) at time t, the standard value of water turbidity Iturb'(t) at time t, the standard value of water pressure P'(t) at time t, and the standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration O2'(t) at time t, and perform fitting calculations in combination with the correction factor Xz, and analyze the real-time update of the laser damage threshold Ith as the underwater environment changes;

[0090] The laser damage threshold Ith is calculated by the following algorithm formula;

[0091] Ith=I0·f(T'(t), S'(t), Iturb'(t))·Xz;

[0092] Where f represents the influence function.

[0093] S33, based on the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ and the laser damage threshold Ith, perform preliminary test evaluation and analysis to determine the damage to the underwater laser transmitter caused by the laser intensity of the current underwater laser transmitter in operation, and trigger a dynamic adjustment mechanism based on the results of the preliminary test evaluation;

[0094] When the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ> the laser damage threshold Ith, it means that the laser intensity is abnormal and the current test laser intensity exceeds the tolerance upper limit of the laser equipment. At this time, the test is stopped immediately and the dynamic adjustment mechanism is triggered;

[0095] When the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ ≤ the laser damage threshold Ith, it means that the laser intensity is normal and the current test laser intensity is lower than the tolerance upper limit of the laser equipment. At this time, stop the test immediately and carry out live operation. At this time, continue monitoring.

[0096] In this embodiment, a machine learning model is used to construct a complete scattering and absorption algorithm model, which includes a scattering algorithm model, an absorption algorithm model and an attenuation algorithm model to accurately calculate the intensity attenuation of an underwater laser beam and provide a scientific basis for the performance evaluation of the laser transmitter.

[0097] First, the method calculates the scattering coefficient Ss and the absorption coefficient Xs through the scattering algorithm model and the absorption algorithm model. And further adjust it in combination with the correction factor Xz, and finally obtain the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ, which is used to quantify the transmission loss of the laser underwater. Then, based on the real-time updated standard data set and combined with the changes in environmental variables, the laser damage threshold Ith is further adjusted and calculated. The calculation formula of the laser damage threshold Ith includes the impact of different underwater environments on the laser equipment, ensuring that the laser transmitter can operate stably in different underwater environments and avoid excessive laser intensity causing damage to the equipment. Finally, through preliminary test evaluation based on the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ and the laser damage threshold Ith, it is judged whether the laser intensity of the current underwater laser transmitter is within the safe range. If the laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ is greater than the laser damage threshold Ith, the dynamic adjustment mechanism is immediately triggered to adjust the working parameters of the laser transmitter to avoid equipment damage; if the laser intensity is within the safe range, monitoring and operation will continue to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the laser transmitter. In summary, by introducing the scattering and absorption algorithm model, combining real-time environmental data and adjustment of correction factors, accurately calculating the attenuation of underwater lasers, and combining the real-time update of the laser damage threshold Ith, an intelligent and dynamically adjusted laser transmitter control mechanism is provided. This implementation scheme effectively improves the stability, reliability and durability of underwater laser transmitters under different water environment conditions, avoids equipment damage caused by environmental changes, and ensures long-term and efficient operation of laser equipment in complex underwater environments.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] This embodiment is explained in Example 4. Please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: S4 includes S41, S42 and S43;

[0100] S41. When the laser intensity is abnormal in the preliminary test, the dynamic adjustment mechanism is triggered to dynamically adjust the underwater laser transmitter. The dynamic adjustment mechanism includes a laser power adjustment mechanism, a laser wavelength adjustment mechanism and a laser pulse adjustment mechanism.

[0101] The laser power adjustment mechanism is based on the output power of the underwater laser transmitter during the test. After preliminary testing, the temperature standard value T' at time t, the salinity standard value S'(t) at time t and the water turbidity standard value Iturb'(t) at the next time t are extracted. The compensation factor △f(T'(t), S'(t), Iturb'(t)) is constructed to calculate and output the laser output power adjustment value Padj(t), and it is sent to the control system of the underwater laser transmitter through the central processing system to dynamically adjust the output power of the underwater laser transmitter.

[0102] The laser output power adjustment value Padj(t) is calculated and outputted by the following algorithm formula;

[0103] Padj(t)=P0·(1-△f(T'(t), S'(t), Iturb'(t))));

[0104] Where P0 represents the initial laser output power, that is, the output power of the underwater laser transmitter during the test.

[0105] S42, the laser wavelength adjustment mechanism calculates the output emission wavelength adjustment value Yopt through the scattering coefficient Ss and the absorption coefficient Xs through the laser optimization algorithm formula, and optimizes the emission wavelength of the underwater laser transmitter;

[0106] The emission wavelength adjustment value Yopt is calculated and outputted by the following laser optimization algorithm formula;

[0107] Yopt = argmin[Ss+Xs];

[0108] In the formula, argmin represents the minimization function;

[0109] S43, the laser pulse adjustment mechanism extracts the standard value of the water flow velocity Vflow' at the next time t+1 after the preliminary test, combines the scattering coefficient Ss and the absorption coefficient Xs, calculates and outputs the pulse frequency adjustment value Fopt, and then sends the emission wavelength adjustment value Yopt and the pulse frequency adjustment value Fopt to the control system of the underwater laser transmitter through the central processing system to dynamically adjust the emission wavelength and pulse frequency of the underwater laser transmitter;

[0110] The pulse frequency adjustment value Fopt is calculated by the following algorithm formula;

[0111]

[0112] Where Nf represents the noise factor introduced by high-frequency pulses, Ep represents the energy of a single pulse, and

[0113] Show

[0114] The control system is directly obtained, and argmax represents the maximization function.

[0115] In this embodiment, the method adjusts the underwater laser transmitter in real time through a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the abnormal laser intensity found in the preliminary test and evaluation, so as to ensure its efficient and stable operation in a complex underwater environment. The dynamic adjustment mechanism includes three major mechanisms: laser power adjustment, wavelength adjustment, and pulse frequency adjustment. The laser emission parameters are optimized through multi-dimensional feedback and control to ensure the adaptability and tolerance of the laser transmitter under different environmental conditions. First, in S41, if the preliminary test and evaluation show that the laser intensity is abnormal, the laser power adjustment mechanism will be triggered. The mechanism calculates the compensation factor △f(T'(t), S'(t), Iturb'(t)) and adjusts the output power Padj of the laser according to the standard data set. Specifically, the compensation factor △f(T'(t), S'(t), Iturb'(t)) is dynamically calculated according to the impact of environmental changes on laser propagation, thereby adjusting the output power of the laser to restore it to a reasonable range. This adjustment is sent to the control system of the underwater laser transmitter in real time through the central processing system command, ensuring that the laser transmitter can dynamically respond to environmental changes and avoid equipment damage or low efficiency due to excessive or low intensity. Next, the laser wavelength adjustment mechanism is used for optimization, and the emission wavelength adjustment value Yopt is calculated. The purpose of this mechanism is to optimize the laser wavelength according to the different characteristics of the water body, so as to maximize the transmission efficiency of the laser in the underwater medium, reduce energy loss, and improve the laser penetration and detection effect. Finally, the laser pulse adjustment mechanism is used to optimize the pulse frequency Fopt of the laser emission, determine the optimal pulse frequency adjustment value, and send it to the control system through the central processing system for adjustment. The function of this mechanism is to reduce noise interference and errors in the laser propagation process and improve the accuracy and clarity of laser detection. In particular, by adjusting the pulse frequency, the interaction between the laser and the underwater medium can be effectively controlled, and the penetration and accuracy of the laser can be optimized.

[0116] Example 6

[0117] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: S5 includes S51 and S52;

[0118] S51, after the underwater laser transmitter is dynamically adjusted, extract the dynamically adjusted laser power I adj, input it into the attenuation algorithm model, perform secondary calculation to output the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ', analyze the propagation attenuation of the laser transmitting device after the underwater laser transmitter is dynamically adjusted, and perform S32 for the second time after the dynamic adjustment to output the dynamically adjusted damage threshold Ith';

[0119] The adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ' is calculated by the following algorithm formula;

[0120]

[0121] Wherein, △t represents the dynamic adjustment time compensation, t+△t represents the time point after dynamic adjustment; Iadj(t+△t) represents the laser power at the moment (t+△t) after dynamic adjustment, Ss(t+△t) represents the scattering coefficient at the moment (t+△t) after dynamic adjustment, Xs(t+△t) represents the absorption coefficient at the moment (t+△t) after dynamic adjustment, Z(t+△t) represents the water depth at the moment (t+△t) after dynamic adjustment, and Xz(t+△t) represents the correction factor at the moment (t+△t) after dynamic adjustment.

[0122] S52, based on the obtained adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ' and the dynamically adjusted damage threshold Ith', a secondary test evaluation is performed to analyze the damage of the dynamically adjusted laser transmitter during operation, and an iterative mechanism is generated based on the evaluation results. The specific evaluation contents are as follows;

[0123] When the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ'> the dynamically adjusted damage threshold Ith', it means that the laser intensity after dynamic adjustment is abnormal, and the current test laser intensity exceeds the tolerance upper limit of the laser equipment. At this time, the test is stopped immediately, the equipment protection mechanism is triggered, the laser output is reduced, and S4 is iteratively executed at the same time until the laser intensity is normal, and the iteration is stopped to turn off the protection mechanism;

[0124] When the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ' is less than or equal to the dynamically adjusted damage threshold Ith', it indicates that the laser intensity after dynamic adjustment is normal, and the current test laser intensity is lower than the tolerance upper limit of the laser equipment. At this time, the test can be stopped immediately and live operation can be performed, and monitoring can be continued.

[0125] In this embodiment, the method further evaluates and optimizes the underwater laser transmitter after dynamic adjustment to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment. The working state of the laser transmitter is deeply analyzed through the secondary calculation and secondary evaluation mechanism, and possible problems are discovered and adjusted in time, thereby further improving the adaptability and durability of the laser beam.

[0126] First, by extracting the dynamically adjusted laser power I adj, it is input into the attenuation algorithm model for secondary calculation to obtain the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ'. This process analyzes the propagation attenuation of the underwater laser transmitter after dynamic adjustment, and executes S32 after dynamic adjustment to calculate and output the adjusted laser damage threshold Ith' again. This process can dynamically track the attenuation of laser intensity during underwater propagation and adjust the laser damage threshold in real time to ensure that the laser always remains within a safe range under different environmental conditions. Through these precise calculations, it is possible to respond quickly to changes in the underwater environment and adjust the laser emission parameters to adapt to new conditions. Next, after obtaining the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ' and the dynamically adjusted damage threshold Ith', a secondary test evaluation is performed to analyze whether there is a risk of damage to the underwater laser transmitter under the adjusted working state. Specifically, if the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ' is greater than the dynamically adjusted damage threshold Ith', it indicates that the laser intensity exceeds the tolerance range of the equipment, and the test will be stopped immediately and the equipment protection mechanism will be triggered to reduce the laser output, start the iterative adjustment mechanism, and execute S4 until the laser intensity returns to the normal range. If the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient ISJ' is less than or equal to the dynamically adjusted damage threshold Ith', it indicates that the laser intensity is normal, the test can continue, enter the real-time operation state, and continue to monitor the equipment status. In summary, the underwater laser transmitter is comprehensively optimized and protected through the secondary calculation and evaluation mechanism. By continuously updating the dynamically adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient and damage threshold, the laser intensity can be detected and adjusted in real time to ensure that it is always within the tolerance range of the equipment, thereby preventing equipment damage and improving the safety and reliability of the laser transmitter.

[0127] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser damage threshold test method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, by installing an environmental sensor group on the underwater laser transmitter, collecting the propagation medium data of the laser underwater in real time, building a central processing system, and then connecting the environmental sensor group to the central processing system to transmit the propagation medium data to the central processing system; S2. In the central processing system, the propagation medium data is received in real time, and the propagation medium data is preprocessed to obtain a standard data set, and then a relational database is constructed, a transmission port is set, and the standard data set is stored in the relational database through the transmission port; S3, constructing a scattering and absorption algorithm model, extracting a standard data set and inputting it into the scattering and absorption algorithm model, calculating the laser intensity attenuation coefficient, and then calculating the laser damage threshold based on the standard data set, and comparing the laser intensity attenuation coefficient with the laser damage threshold, performing preliminary test evaluation, and preliminarily analyzing the underwater tolerance of the laser transmitter; S4. If the initial test evaluates that the laser intensity is abnormal, the output power, emission wavelength and pulse frequency of the laser transmitter are dynamically adjusted to optimize the underwater tolerance of the laser transmitter; S5. After dynamic adjustment, calculate the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient, compare the laser intensity attenuation coefficient with the laser damage threshold, perform secondary test evaluation, analyze the laser intensity of the laser transmitter after dynamic adjustment, and if the secondary test evaluates that the laser intensity is abnormal, execute an iterative adjustment mechanism until the laser intensity is optimized to normal and the iteration is stopped.

2. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Said S1 includes S11 and S12; S11, by installing an environmental sensor group on the underwater laser transmitter, and setting the collection frequency of the environmental sensor group to once every 30 minutes, real-time collection of propagation medium data of the laser transmitter underwater; The environmental sensor group includes an underwater temperature sensor, a conductivity sensor, an optical turbidity sensor, an underwater pressure sensor, a fluorescence dissolved oxygen sensor and a blade-type flow meter; The propagation medium data include temperature, salinity, water turbidity, water pressure, dissolved oxygen concentration and water flow velocity; S12. The central processing system is connected to the communication module of each sensor in the environmental sensor group through optical fiber communication, and the propagation medium data collected by the environmental sensor group is encapsulated into a JSON format package and sent to the central processing system.

3. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S2 includes S21 and S22; S21, in the central processing system, receiving the JSON format encapsulation package in real time, and using a JSON parsing tool to decapsulate the JSON format encapsulation package to extract the propagation medium data; After extracting the propagation medium data, preprocessing the propagation medium data is performed to unify data of different dimensions of the propagation medium data into the same dimension to obtain a standard data set; The standard data set includes a standard value of temperature at time t, a standard value of salinity at time t, a standard value of water turbidity at time t, a standard value of water pressure at time t, a standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration at time t, and a standard value of water flow velocity at time t; The preprocessing includes data cleaning, timestamp marking and data standardization; The data cleaning includes missing value filling, outlier detection and noise smoothing; Filling missing data, removing outliers and removing noise from the propagation medium data; The timestamp tagging is based on the environmental sensor acquisition time, marking the propagation medium data with a timestamp; After data cleaning of the propagation medium data, Z-Score standardization is used to eliminate the influence of different dimensions between different parameters of the propagation medium data; S22, constructing a relational database and setting a transmission port, wherein the transmission port includes a write port and a write port, and the standard data set is written into the relational database through the write port for data storage.

4. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S3 includes S31, S32 and S33; S31. Use a machine learning model to construct a scattering and absorption algorithm model, wherein the scattering and absorption algorithm model includes a scattering algorithm model, an absorption algorithm model and an attenuation algorithm model. The standard data set is extracted through a write port and input into the scattering and absorption algorithm model to calculate the output scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient. The correction factor is then input into the attenuation algorithm model to calculate the output laser intensity attenuation coefficient, and the laser intensity attenuation of the laser beam during the transmission of the underwater medium is quantified. The absorption coefficient is obtained by extracting the standard value of temperature at time t, the standard value of salinity at time t, and the standard value of water turbidity at time t, and inputting them into the absorption algorithm model for calculation; The scattering coefficient is constructed by extracting the standard value of temperature at time t, the standard value of salinity at time t, and the standard value of water turbidity at time t, respectively constructing the Rayleigh scattering coefficient and the Mie scattering coefficient, inputting them into the scattering algorithm model, and performing summary calculation to obtain; The correction factor is obtained by fitting according to the standard value of water pressure at time t and the standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration at time t.

5. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 4, characterized in that: S32. Based on the standard data set, extract the standard value of temperature at time t, the standard value of salinity at time t, the standard value of water turbidity at time t, the standard value of water pressure at time t, and the standard value of dissolved oxygen concentration at time t, and perform fitting calculations in combination with correction factors to analyze and update the laser damage threshold in real time as the underwater environment changes.

6. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 4, characterized in that: S33, based on the laser intensity attenuation coefficient and the laser damage threshold, perform a preliminary test evaluation and analysis to determine the damage to the underwater laser transmitter caused by the laser intensity of the current underwater laser transmitter in operation, and trigger a dynamic adjustment mechanism based on the results of the preliminary test evaluation; When the laser intensity attenuation coefficient is greater than the laser damage threshold, it indicates that the laser intensity is abnormal, triggering the dynamic adjustment mechanism; When the laser intensity attenuation coefficient is ≤ the laser damage threshold, it indicates that the laser intensity is normal and monitoring should continue.

7. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S4 includes S41, S42 and S43; S41. When the laser intensity is abnormal in the preliminary test, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is triggered to dynamically adjust the underwater laser transmitter, wherein the dynamic adjustment mechanism includes a laser power adjustment mechanism, a laser wavelength adjustment mechanism, and a laser pulse adjustment mechanism; The laser power adjustment mechanism calculates the output laser output power adjustment value based on the output power of the underwater laser transmitter during the test, extracts the temperature standard value at time t, the salinity standard value at time t and the water turbidity standard value at the next time t after preliminary testing, and constructs a compensation factor, which is sent to the control system of the underwater laser transmitter through the central processing system to dynamically adjust the output power of the underwater laser transmitter.

8. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: S42, the laser wavelength adjustment mechanism calculates the output emission wavelength adjustment value through the scattering coefficient and the absorption coefficient through the laser optimization algorithm formula, and optimizes the emission wavelength of the underwater laser transmitter; S43, the laser pulse adjustment mechanism extracts the standard value of the water flow velocity at the next time t+1 after the preliminary test, combines the scattering coefficient and the absorption coefficient, calculates and outputs the pulse frequency adjustment value, and then sends the emission wavelength adjustment value and the pulse frequency adjustment value to the control system of the underwater laser transmitter through the central processing system to dynamically adjust the emission wavelength and pulse frequency of the underwater laser transmitter.

9. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S5 includes S51 and S52; S51. After the underwater laser transmitter is dynamically adjusted, the dynamically adjusted laser power is extracted and input into the attenuation algorithm model. A secondary calculation is performed to output the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient. The propagation attenuation of the laser transmitting device after the underwater laser transmitter is dynamically adjusted is analyzed. At the same time, S32 is executed for the second time after the dynamic adjustment to output the dynamically adjusted damage threshold.

10. A laser damage threshold test method according to claim 9, characterized in that: S52. Based on the obtained adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient and the dynamically adjusted damage threshold, a secondary test evaluation is performed to analyze the damage of the dynamically adjusted laser transmitter during operation, and an iterative mechanism is generated based on the evaluation results. The specific evaluation contents are as follows; When the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient is greater than the dynamically adjusted damage threshold, it indicates that the dynamically adjusted laser intensity is abnormal, triggering the device protection mechanism, and iteratively executing S4 until the laser intensity is normal, then stopping the iteration and shutting down the protection mechanism; When the adjusted laser intensity attenuation coefficient is ≤ the dynamically adjusted damage threshold, it indicates that the laser intensity is normal after dynamic adjustment, and monitoring should be continued.

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