Multiband microwave radiometer system for 10km ocean buoy platform

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiband microwave radiometer system for a 10km ocean buoy platform, which belongs to the field of ocean microwave radiation detection and comprises a radiometer main body, radiometer peripheral equipment and a data transmission display module, a ground weather station of the radiometer peripheral equipment is in communication connection with a data processing and control system in a radiometer main body, and the radiometer main body comprises a parabolic antenna, a grating wave separator, a K-band receiver and a V-band receiver. The parabolic antenna transmits a microwave signal to the data processing and control system through the K-band receiver and the V-band receiver by virtue of the grating wave separator; the data transmission display module comprises an industrial personal computer, a buoy collector, a satellite transmission system, a shore station cloud host and a data display drawing device. According to the invention, continuous comprehensive observation of the vertical height of 0-10km on the sea surface is realized, a buoy platform stereo observation system is perfected, and important significance and application value are provided for key sea area detection, forecasting and early warning and marine meteorological disaster prevention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ocean microwave radiation detection, in particular to a multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform. Background Art

[0002] Ocean buoys are important equipment for ocean monitoring and navigation. They are characterized by stability, energy self-sufficiency, low maintenance, and flexibility. Their extensive monitoring capabilities play an important role in many fields such as marine economy, scientific research, and maritime safety. They are indispensable technical equipment in marine activities. The detection instruments carried by ocean buoys can observe the temperature, humidity, pressure, wind speed of the ocean surface, and the water temperature and chlorophyll content of the ocean. Above the ocean surface, especially the air-sea boundary layer, which is the interface between the atmosphere and the ocean, the large-scale rapid and accurate measurement of various air-sea boundary layer parameters, including temperature, humidity, and wind, is of great significance to the protection of maritime activities and the development of marine-related energy. However, there is currently a lack of profile observation equipment loaded on buoys that can continuously and comprehensively observe various atmospheric parameters. The multi-band microwave radiometer adopts a multi-channel parallel receiving system. By measuring the microwave radiation brightness temperature of the multi-channel atmospheric water vapor (22-32GHz) and oxygen (51-59GHz) absorption spectrum, the neural network algorithm is used to invert and output important parameters such as the atmospheric temperature profile and relative humidity profile within the range of 0km-10km.

[0003] At present, multi-band microwave radiometers have been maturely applied on land and are widely used in the fields of artificial weather modification, civil aviation meteorological support, environmental protection testing, etc. In summary, the vertical profile observation capability of multi-band microwave radiometers in temperature and relative humidity, especially the observation capability of the boundary layer, meets the needs of continuous and comprehensive profile observation of various atmospheric parameters in the sea-air boundary layer, which is of great significance to the study of marine climate models, key sea area detection, forecasting and early warning, and marine meteorological disaster prevention. In the existing technology, multi-band microwave radiometers cannot achieve continuous and effective detection on buoys, so it is necessary to provide a multi-band microwave radiometer system for 10 km ocean buoy platforms. Summary of the invention

[0004] With regard to the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform, comprising a radiometer body, a radiometer peripheral device and a data transmission display module, wherein the radiometer peripheral device comprises a ground meteorological station, a data processing and control system is arranged inside the radiometer body, the ground meteorological station of the radiometer peripheral device is communicatively connected with the data processing and control system in the radiometer body, and the ground meteorological station is used to transmit the meteorological data of the sea surface to the radiometer body in real time;

[0007] The main body of the radiometer includes a parabolic antenna, a grating splitter, a K-band receiver, a V-band receiver and a data processing and control system. The parabolic antenna sends microwave signals to the input end of the K-band receiver and the input end of the V-band receiver respectively through the grating splitter. The output end of the K-band receiver and the output end of the V-band receiver are both connected to the data processing and control system for communication. The parabolic antenna is used to receive radiation information, and the grating splitter is used to separate optical signals of different wavelengths.

[0008] The data transmission and display module includes an industrial computer, a buoy collector, a satellite transmission system, a shore station cloud host and a data display and drawing device; the data processing and control system in the radiometer body is communicated with the industrial computer, and the output end of the industrial computer is connected to the buoy collector through the RJ45 interface of FTP; the buoy collector is communicated with the shore station cloud host through the satellite link of the satellite transmission system, and the shore station cloud host and the data display and drawing device are connected through FTP.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the radiometer body also includes a calibration unit, which is communicatively connected to the parabolic antenna, and the calibration unit includes a built-in blackbody calibration component, a noise source calibration component, and an absolute liquid nitrogen calibration component.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the built-in blackbody calibration component includes a built-in monitoring self-test module, a timely detection constant temperature control module, a collection system and a servo system.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the radiometer body also includes an inclinometer, and the inclinometer is communicatively connected with the data processing and control system.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the shore station cloud host includes a cloud database.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the radiometer bodies are placed on a bearing platform, which is a detachable frame structure, and the bearing platform is composed of left and right side panels, a bottom plate, front and rear support frames, and a middle vertical plate.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the radiometer body is connected to a power source.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the entire body of the radiometer is made of 316L steel, and the surface of the radiometer body is coated with fluorocarbon paint and nano-oxidation coating.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention takes into consideration the adaptability design of the buoy environment observation, miniaturization, light weight, low power consumption design, data transmission design for ocean satellite communication, sealing and corrosion protection design for the high humidity environment of ocean salt spray, and the structural modification design of the equipment itself, so as to realize the continuous comprehensive observation of the profile parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, water vapor density, etc. at the vertical height of 0 to 10 kilometers above the sea surface, improve the three-dimensional observation system of the buoy platform, and have important significance and application value in the research of ocean climate patterns, key sea area detection, forecasting and early warning, and defense against ocean meteorological disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the composition of a multi-band microwave radiometer of a multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform disclosed in an embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic block diagram of the operation of a multi-band microwave radiometer of a multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform on a buoy body disclosed in an embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 The multi-band microwave radiometer power and power consumption test curve of a multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform disclosed in an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 The invention is a control principle block diagram of a multi-band microwave radiometer monitoring system for a multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform disclosed in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense; for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] At present, the observation of ocean surface temperature, humidity, pressure, wind speed, ocean water temperature, chlorophyll content and other information based on ocean buoy platforms can be carried out for business observation. Above the sea surface, especially the sea-air boundary layer is the interface between the atmosphere and the ocean, and continuous and comprehensive profile observation is not yet mature. The multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform proposed by the present invention can realize continuous and comprehensive observation of profile parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, water vapor density, etc. at a vertical height of 0 to 10 kilometers above the sea surface, improve the three-dimensional observation system of the buoy platform, and has important significance and application value in the study of ocean climate patterns, key sea area detection, forecasting and early warning, and marine meteorological disaster prevention.

[0025] See also Figure 1 A multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10-kilometer ocean buoy platform includes a radiometer body, a radiometer peripheral device and a data transmission and display module. The radiometer peripheral device includes a ground meteorological station. A data processing and control system is arranged inside the radiometer body. The ground meteorological station of the radiometer peripheral device is communicatively connected with the data processing and control system in the radiometer body. The ground meteorological station is used to transmit the meteorological data of the sea surface to the radiometer body in real time, so as to facilitate the processing of the meteorological data by the data processing and control system, facilitate the subsequent control of the radiometer, facilitate the use of the device, and ensure safety.

[0026] The main body of the radiometer includes a parabolic antenna, a grating splitter, a K-band receiver and a V-band receiver. The parabolic antenna sends the microwave signal to the input end of the K-band receiver and the input end of the V-band receiver respectively through the grating splitter. The output end of the K-band receiver and the output end of the V-band receiver are both connected to the data processing and control system for communication. When working, the radiation information of the radiometer is received through the parabolic antenna, and the optical signals of different wavelengths are separated through the grating splitter to realize the function of wavelength division multiplexing, and are transmitted to the K-band receiver and the V-band receiver respectively, and then transmitted to the data processing and control system for data processing, which is conducive to the subsequent analysis of the radiation signal and ensures reliability.

[0027] The radiometer body also includes a calibration unit, which is communicatively connected to the parabolic antenna. The calibration unit includes a built-in blackbody calibration component, a noise source calibration component, an absolute liquid nitrogen calibration component and other calibration measures to facilitate the use of the device.

[0028] The built-in blackbody calibration component includes a built-in monitoring self-test module, a constant temperature control module, an acquisition system and a servo system, the operating status of each module, and generates a status file for feedback.

[0029] The radiometer body also includes an inclinometer, which is connected to the data processing and control system for communication. The inclinometer is used to measure the inclination angle of the radiometer body on the sea surface and is used in brightness temperature correction.

[0030] The data transmission and display module includes an industrial computer, a buoy collector, a satellite transmission system, a shore station cloud host, and a data display and drawing device;

[0031] The data processing and control system in the radiometer body is connected to the industrial computer, and the output end of the industrial computer is connected to the buoy collector through the RJ45 interface of FTP; the buoy collector is connected to the shore station cloud host through the satellite link of the satellite transmission system, and the shore station cloud host is connected to the data display and drawing device through FTP;

[0032] The cloud host of the shore station includes a cloud database. The observation data of the equipment on the buoy is regularly pushed to the buoy collection platform via FTP, and the platform transmits the acquired data to the cloud host of the shore station via the satellite transmission system. Finally, the cloud host of the shore station pushes the data to the data display platform via FTP for drawing display.

[0033] The main body of the radiometer is placed on a carrying platform. Its overall design is a detachable frame structure, which is composed of left and right side panels, a bottom plate, front and rear support frames, and a middle vertical plate, reducing the difficulty of overall processing.

[0034] The radiometer body is connected to the power supply, which is convenient for powering the radiometer body, facilitating the use of the device and ensuring safety. In order to lower the overall center of gravity, the radiometer body is located outside the deck of the buoy platform. The buoy platform adopts a comprehensive power supply method with solar power as the main power supply, wind energy, wave energy and temperature difference energy as the auxiliary power supply, and outputs direct current. In order to adapt to the power supply mode of the buoy body, the multi-band microwave radiometer adopts a DC 48V power supply.

[0035] A method for operating a multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform,

[0036] First, the multi-band microwave radiometer works on a 10-meter ocean buoy platform, located at the edge of the deck, and is powered by DC.

[0037] Second, the multi-band microwave radiometer adopts an intermittent observation mode to take into account the power supply characteristics of the buoy body, and observes twice a day. In view of the marine communication environment, a satellite transmission system is used to transmit the observation data to the land cloud platform, and the cloud platform transmits the data to the local server via FTP.

[0038] Third, the multi-band microwave radiometer is adapted to the working environment of the buoy and has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight and low power consumption.

[0039] Fourth, the multi-band microwave radiometer is a passive detection device. It observes the brightness temperature of water vapor radiation in the band of 22-32 GHz and inverts the vertical profile of relative humidity from 0 to 10 km above the altitude. It observes the brightness temperature of oxygen radiation in the band of 51-59 GHz and inverts the vertical profile of temperature from 0 to 10 km above the altitude.

[0040] Fifth, the multi-band microwave radiometer has a built-in angle sensor to address the irregular shaking of the buoy. It obtains the multi-band microwave radiometer attitude data in real time and uses a built-in algorithm to correct the brightness temperature data observed by the multi-band microwave radiometer when the buoy is shaking.

[0041] Sixth, the multi-band microwave radiometer takes into account the unmanned characteristics of the buoy and has built-in automatic online blackbody calibration, noise source calibration and other calibration measures to ensure system stability; it also has a built-in incoming call self-test module to provide timely feedback on the working status of the equipment.

[0042] Seventh, the multi-band microwave radiometer adopts a variety of measures such as steel frame, fluorine-coated fasteners on bolts, wave-breaking plates, and new antenna cover materials to improve the equipment's corrosion resistance, airtightness, and impact resistance in response to severe weather environments such as high temperature and humidity at sea and typhoons.

[0043] In order to work on the buoy for a long time, an intermittent working mode is adopted. With reference to the standard time of global meteorological observation and data collection requirements, observations are carried out at 8:00 and 20:00 Beijing time every day. In view of the marine communication environment, a text data format with the advantages of universal compatibility, simplicity and lightness, easy sharing and transmission, small system resource occupation and easy backup and recovery is adopted. The amount of data compressed by the multi-band microwave radiometer at a time must be less than the satellite transmission bandwidth (satellite transmission bandwidth: 2MB). The multi-band microwave radiometer pushes the data to the buoy transponder, and the buoy transponder transmits the data to the land cloud platform via satellite communication. The cloud platform transmits the data to the local server via FTP.

[0044] It is convenient for buoy personnel to carry and maintain, and has the characteristics of miniaturization and lightness. The volume of the multi-band microwave radiometer is 958*367*548mm (length*width*height) and the weight is 95kg. The multi-band microwave radiometer reduces the power consumption of the whole machine by selecting low-power devices and optimizing the constant temperature structure. The power consumption of the multi-band microwave radiometer is as low as 0.5kWH per day. Under ideal conditions, the buoy body generates about 35kWH of electricity per day, which has enough redundancy to meet the power consumption requirements of the radiometer.

[0045] A multi-channel parallel receiving system is adopted to measure the microwave radiation brightness temperature of the multi-channel atmospheric water vapor (22-32GHz) and oxygen (51-59GHz) absorption spectrum, and then the important parameters such as the atmospheric temperature profile and relative humidity profile within the range of 0km-10km are inverted and output through the neural network algorithm.

[0046] Acquire the attitude data of the multi-band microwave radiometer in real time. The shaking frequency of the buoy in the sea is mainly concentrated in the range of 0.01Hz to 100Hz. According to the Nyquist law, the sampling rate of the angle sensor shall not be less than 200Hz, and the working environment shall meet the requirements of 0-45℃. The attitude data of the multi-band microwave radiometer is acquired in real time through the angle sensor, and the brightness temperature data observed by the multi-band microwave radiometer when the buoy is shaking is corrected through the built-in algorithm.

[0047] The exterior of the radiometer is made of 316L steel, and the surface is coated with fluorocarbon paint and nano-oxidation to improve its corrosion resistance. Sealing rubber rings are installed at the connection between the outer shell and the fuselage, and screws coated with 703 sealant are used to fasten the equipment to improve the equipment's sealing ability. New antenna cover materials, additional wave boards, special marine metal connection equipment, and cable vulcanization treatment are used to improve environmental adaptability.

[0048] In order to ensure the overall stability of the buoy, the radiometer has two locations on the buoy platform, one is located at the edge of the buoy deck, and the other is located on the photovoltaic panel platform about 4 meters above the deck. If it is placed on the photovoltaic panel platform about 4 meters above the deck, although the observation field is wide, the center of gravity of the buoy will be raised, which may cause the buoy to capsize in extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and high waves. For safety and stability of the buoy platform, the equipment is placed on the edge of the buoy deck.

[0049] Ensure the power supply safety of the buoy platform. If the radiometer is placed on a solar photovoltaic platform about 4 meters above the deck, it will occupy a space window of about 2 square meters. Under normal circumstances, at least 1.6kWh of electricity will be lost in a day. There are many measuring devices on the offshore buoy platform. In addition, it is necessary to cope with power supply and energy storage under adverse weather conditions such as cloudy and rainy weather. Placing it on the edge of the buoy deck will not cause the power supply capacity of the buoy to decrease, and enhance the survival ability of the buoy observation equipment at sea.

[0050] Improve the stability of radiometer observation. The buoy will shake irregularly with the waves, and the shaking arc increases linearly with the increase in altitude, which seriously affects the reception and observation of atmospheric target signals. Placing it on the deck platform has a small shaking amplitude, which is conducive to the observation of target brightness temperature.

[0051] Taking the above three points into consideration, the radiometer was finally placed on the edge of the deck of the buoy platform.

[0052] In view of the fact that the equipment is subject to greater impact from waves at the edge of the deck, a wave-breaking plate is designed at the front end of the equipment for protection to reduce the impact of waves on the equipment.

[0053] The buoy platform adopts a comprehensive power supply method with solar energy as the main power supply and wind energy, wave energy and temperature difference energy as the auxiliary power supply, and outputs direct current. In order to adapt to the power supply mode of the buoy body, the radiometer adopts DC 48V power supply.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the radiometer working on the buoy. Every day, the buoy master control platform will regularly power on the radiometer system. After the radiometer system detects the voltage, it will start to preheat. The internal status of the equipment is detected and observed. The terminal system pushes the data observed that day to the buoy collection platform every 15 minutes. The buoy collection platform compresses and packages the data and transmits it to the shore station cloud host via a satellite link. The shore station cloud host transmits the data to the designated Web server via FTP.

[0055] When the main beam of the radiometer antenna points to the target, the antenna receives the target radiation energy, causing the change of the antenna's apparent temperature. After the signal is received by the antenna, the signal enters the receiving system through the grating splitter. The received signal is amplified, filtered, detected and re-amplified, and then given in the form of voltage. The output voltage of the radiometer is absolutely calibrated with brightness temperature, that is, the relationship between the output voltage and the antenna's apparent temperature is established, the antenna's apparent temperature can be determined, and the brightness temperature of the observed target can be determined. The brightness temperature value contains some physical information about the radiator and the propagation medium. By outputting digital signals through the digital signal processing system, some physical characteristics of the detected target can be understood.

[0056] Comparing the dimensions of the radiometer before and after, the dimensions were optimized from the original (length × width × height mm) 1270mm × 367mm × 683mm to 958mm × 367mm × 548mm, reducing the volume by 40%. At the same time, the structure and materials of each subsystem were reselected, reducing the weight of the radiometer system by 33.73 kg, and the overall structure is more compact. The weight reduction is shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1 Weight changes before and after equipment improvement

[0058] project Rescheduled weight / kg Weight after modification / kg Reduction / kg Receiving system 30.25 15.71 14.55 Loading platform 32.96 23.39 9.57 Antenna system 13.76 10.88 2.88 Power System 16.73 10 6.73 total 33.73

[0059] The radiometer thermostatic receiver adopts a "sandwich" structural design. Under the premise of ensuring that the relative positions of the K, V feeds and the splitter remain unchanged, the two receivers are designed as an integrated unit, with heat dissipation teeth in the middle. After optimization, the number of heating devices was reduced from 6 to 5, and the volume of the receiver thermostatic was reduced by 27% compared with the original. By reducing the volume of the receiver thermostatic, reducing the use of heating devices, and selecting noise sources with lower power consumption and low noise amplifiers, the power consumption was reduced to 125 watts. Figure 3 It is the power consumption test result.

[0060] When the radiometer detects on land, the antenna attitude is stable and the direction is clear. However, when observing on the buoy, its irregular shaking makes the antenna attitude unstable and the antenna direction cannot be clearly controlled, which reduces the accuracy of the detection data. In response to the irregular shaking of the buoy, the radiometer has a built-in dynamic tilt sensor to obtain the attitude angle data of the radiometer in real time. The shaking frequency of the buoy in the sea is mainly concentrated in the range of 0.01Hz to 100Hz. According to the Nyquist law, the sampling rate of the angle sensor shall not be less than 200Hz, and the working environment shall meet the requirements of -15-60℃. Considering the above factors, the parameters of the dynamic tilt sensor are shown in Table 2.

[0061] Table 2 Dynamic tilt sensor parameters

[0062] project parameter Remark Accuracy Static: SMA: 0.1°RMS; Dynamic: 0.5°RMS Resolution 0.01° Angle range ±90° Sampling rate 500Hz bandwidth 20Hz Operating temperature -40～70℃ Power consumption 0.3W

[0063] The dynamic tilt sensor has a wide operating temperature range, high sampling rate, and outputs second-level angle data to achieve real-time attitude measurement. At the same time, the brightness temperature data is also output in seconds to ensure that the brightness temperature data and angle data are output synchronously during measurement.

[0064] Figure 4 This is the principle block diagram of the radiometer monitoring system. In view of the unmanned characteristics of the buoy and to ensure the long-term stability of the observation system, the monitoring system processes the 14-channel video signal output by the receiver to achieve high-precision AD conversion, and the accumulated average value of the digital quantity after a certain period of time is output to the data processing and control system through the network; at the same time, the monitoring system receives data processing and control instructions through the network, realizes communication and control of system units such as the servo system and constant temperature control unit, and sends the working status, parameters and BITE information of each system to the data processing and control.

[0065] In view of the high humidity environment of marine salt spray, in order to enhance the corrosion resistance of the radiometer, the entire exterior of the equipment is made of 316L steel, and the surface is coated with fluorocarbon paint. At the same time, the main components in the equipment are subjected to mildew salt spray test. The equipment body is sealed and treated with nano-oxidation anti-corrosion. The sealing rubber ring is laid at the connection between the body shell and the body, and the equipment is fastened with screws coated with sealant. The antenna cover is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene material. The connector uses special marine metal connection equipment, and the cable is vulcanized to improve the physical properties and environmental adaptability of the cable in the marine environment.

[0066] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference numerals in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

[0067] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform, characterized in that: It includes a radiometer body, a radiometer peripheral device and a data transmission and display module, wherein the radiometer peripheral device includes a ground meteorological station, a data processing and control system is arranged inside the radiometer body, the ground meteorological station of the radiometer peripheral device is communicatively connected with the data processing and control system in the radiometer body, and the ground meteorological station is used to transmit the meteorological data of the sea surface to the radiometer body in real time; The main body of the radiometer includes a parabolic antenna, a grating splitter, a K-band receiver, a V-band receiver and a data processing and control system. The parabolic antenna sends microwave signals to the input end of the K-band receiver and the input end of the V-band receiver respectively through the grating splitter. The output end of the K-band receiver and the output end of the V-band receiver are both connected to the data processing and control system for communication. The parabolic antenna is used to receive radiation information, and the grating splitter is used to separate optical signals of different wavelengths. The data transmission and display module includes an industrial computer, a buoy collector, a satellite transmission system, a shore station cloud host and a data display and drawing device; the data processing and control system in the radiometer body is communicated with the industrial computer, and the output end of the industrial computer is connected to the buoy collector through the RJ45 interface of FTP; the buoy collector is communicated with the shore station cloud host through the satellite link of the satellite transmission system, and the shore station cloud host and the data display and drawing device are connected through FTP.

2. A multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiometer body also includes a calibration unit, which is communicatively connected with the data processing and control system. The calibration unit includes a built-in black body calibration component, a noise source calibration component, and an absolute liquid nitrogen calibration component.

3. A multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The built-in blackbody calibration component includes a built-in monitoring self-checking module, a timely detection constant temperature control module, a collection system and a servo system.

4. A multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiometer body also includes an inclinometer, which is communicatively connected with the data processing and control system.

5. The multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shore station cloud host includes a cloud database.

6. A multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radiometer bodies are all placed on a bearing platform, which is a detachable frame structure, and the bearing platform is composed of left and right side panels, a bottom plate, front and rear support frames, and a middle vertical plate.

7. The multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radiometer body is connected to a power source.

8. The multi-band microwave radiometer system for a 10 km ocean buoy platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radiometer body is made of 316L steel, and the surface of the radiometer body is coated with fluorocarbon paint and nano-oxidation coating.

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