Urban-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy cooperative regulation and control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive energy, in particular to a city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy cooperative regulation and control method and a city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy cooperative regulation and control system. The regulation and control method comprises the steps of obtaining operation data and parameters of the integrated energy system; based on an energy conversion and storage device, a comprehensive energy system structure of electricity-gas-heat storage combined power supply is constructed; introducing a stepped carbon transaction mechanism, and establishing a hierarchical calculation model; a comprehensive energy system low-carbon scheduling model based on hierarchical carbon transaction is established, and power balance constraint, P2G constraint, gas storage tank constraint and gas turbine constraint are constructed. The hierarchical carbon transaction mechanism is considered, the energy system integrating electric power, natural gas, heat energy and energy storage is created, coordinated optimization of various energy storage devices in the comprehensive energy system is achieved, the energy supply potential and the energy storage adjustment potential of the comprehensive energy system are fully played, and the optimized operation capacity of the comprehensive energy system is improved; and a low-carbon scheduling model is established, so that networking of the cleaning unit is facilitated, and the carbon dioxide emission is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of integrated energy technology, and in particular to a city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method and system. Background Art

[0002] Energy and environment are important material foundations for the survival and development of human society. At present, the main energy source that humans rely on is fossil fuels. However, fossil fuels are not only facing the danger of increasing depletion, but also the environmental problems caused by the large-scale use of fossil fuels are seriously restricting the coordinated development of economy, energy and environment. The traditional way of growth by grabbing and relying on non-renewable resources can no longer maintain economic and social development. The era of fossil energy with oil and coal as the core is about to end. What we are facing is the "mixed energy era" where new energy and fossil energy complement each other. The rapid development of human society and the uncontrolled use of fossil fuels have led to a series of thorny problems such as global warming. Therefore, reducing carbon dioxide emissions has become a global goal, and the power industry accounts for a huge proportion, so it has great potential.

[0003] In the construction of energy internet and national environmental protection, my country has proposed to establish policy mechanisms such as carbon trading market, and energy conservation and emission reduction have become the hottest topics. Integrated Energy System (IES) is a technology to increase the share of clean energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Existing research on power system optimization and dispatch is mainly reflected in two aspects: system planning and system operation. For energy systems, carbon trading is regarded as the main measure to maintain a dynamic balance between many measures to reduce carbon emissions. Although existing methods have certain effects in reducing carbon emissions, they cannot keep the system cost unchanged at the same time. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a more reasonable carbon trading mechanism. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and propose a city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method and system, which can effectively reduce carbon emissions and facilitate the access of clean units to the grid.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following specific technical solutions:

[0006] The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Obtaining operation data and parameters of an integrated energy system; the integrated energy system includes a gas turbine, a gas boiler, a wind turbine, a coal-fired unit, an energy storage device, an electric vehicle, and a load;

[0008] S2. Based on energy conversion and storage devices, a comprehensive energy system structure of electricity-gas-heat storage combined power supply is constructed;

[0009] S3. Introduce a tiered carbon trading mechanism and establish a hierarchical calculation model;

[0010] S4. Establish a low-carbon dispatch model for the integrated energy system based on hierarchical carbon trading, and construct power balance constraints, P2G constraints, gas storage tank constraints, and gas turbine constraints.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the structure of the integrated energy system is as follows:

[0012] During the energy conversion process, heat is provided by gas turbines and gas boilers; electricity is provided by gas turbines, wind turbines and coal-fired units; electricity is converted into hydrogen and natural gas through power-to-gas equipment; part of the hydrogen is sold, and the rest is stored in gas storage facilities and sent to the natural gas system.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, a hierarchical calculation model is established as follows:

[0014] Carbon trading quotas are:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, F z 、F c 、F f and F chp They are the carbon emission free quotas for integrated energy systems, conventional thermal power units, gas boilers and cogeneration systems; C , F and CHP are the unit sets of conventional thermal power units, gas boilers and cogeneration systems; φ e and φ h are the carbon emissions per unit of electricity generation and heating, respectively; η is the conversion coefficient from electricity generation to heating, Z ci and Z bi are the power generation of the traditional unit and the combined heat and power unit; Z fi and Z ei They are the heat supply of a boiler and a combined heat and power unit;

[0017] The hierarchical calculation model is:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, is the cost of carbon trading in the required system; a is the length of the segment interval; α and β are the price and growth span of carbon trading in the trading market respectively; F n 、F p 、F z and F p2gThey are CO2 emissions from power generation companies, conventional power plants, combined heat and power plants, gas boilers, and P2G equipment; and b are the actual power consumed by the P2G device and the carbon emissions captured at this time, respectively, P2G is the unit set corresponding to the P2G equipment; μ and v are the number of gas boilers and gas turbines respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S4, the objective function of the low-carbon dispatch model of the integrated energy system based on hierarchical carbon trading is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Where M is the total system operating cost; carbon trading cost Coal-fired unit cost M h 、Cost of purchasing natural gas M r Revenue of electricity-to-gas equipment ρ2g ; η g and h g are natural gas price and calorific value respectively; Z GH is the heat energy converted from unit electrical energy, is the output power per unit time of conventional thermal power generating units, x i ,y i , z i is the coefficient corresponding to the cost; in the gas system at time t, and are the thermal and electrical outputs of a single boiler and turbine, respectively; the corresponding efficiency, γ u Take 0.8, γ v Take 0.35; k h , k u and k v are the total number of coal-fired units, gas boilers and gas turbines, respectively, h +k u +k v =k z ; is the price of hydrogen; is the amount of hydrogen produced; is the production of natural gas.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, the power balance constraint is:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, and They are the powers of the electric load, heat load and gas load in the integrated energy system; and respectively for electricity and natural gas purchased; and is the input power of gas turbines, gas boilers and P2G equipment; is the power allocated by wind energy; and as well as Corresponding to the generation and storage power of electrical energy and thermal energy respectively; γ p2g is the artifact ratio of P2G; and They are the release power and storage power of the gas storage system;

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, and are the wind power emitted and wasted in the unit interval, respectively.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S4, the P2G constraint is that the P2G device satisfies its rated power constraint:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, is the rated power of the P2G device.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S4, the gas tank constraint is:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, and They are respectively the gas storage, air intake and exhaust of the gas tank during period t; and represent the gas storage at the beginning and end of the cycle, respectively; and are the upper bounds of gas inlet and gas release per unit time, respectively; is the upper limit of the gas storage capacity; λ is a binary variable, indicating that only intake or exhaust can be performed per unit time.

[0034] Furthermore, in step S4, the gas turbine constraints are:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, represents the electrical power output of the i-th gas turbine in time period t; and are the power generation efficiency of gas turbine and the heat recovery efficiency of waste heat boiler respectively; gas Indicates the calorific value of natural gas; represents the gas consumption rate of the i-th gas turbine at time period t; Indicates the thermal power output by the waste heat boiler; Indicates the minimum power generation capacity of the gas turbine; Indicates the maximum power generation capacity of the gas turbine.

[0037] The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control system provided by the present invention applies the above-mentioned city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method, including:

[0038] A data acquisition module is used to obtain the operating data and parameters of the integrated energy system;

[0039] Model module, used to establish a low-carbon dispatch model for the integrated energy system with the goal of minimizing the sum of power generation cost and carbon dioxide emission transaction cost;

[0040] Constraint module, used to construct constraints for optimizing the low-carbon dispatch model of the integrated energy system;

[0041] The solution module is used to solve the optimal solution of the low-carbon optimization scheduling model of the integrated energy system under constraints;

[0042] The scheduling module is used to schedule multi-energy coordination in the integrated energy system with the optimal solution as the scheduling plan.

[0043] The present invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0044] The present invention takes into account a hierarchical carbon trading mechanism, and on this basis creates an energy system that integrates electricity, natural gas, thermal energy and energy storage, realizes the coordinated optimization of various energy storage equipment in the integrated energy system, gives full play to the energy supply potential and energy storage regulation potential of the integrated energy system, and improves the optimized operation capacity of the integrated energy system; takes into account a hierarchical carbon trading mechanism, establishes a low-carbon scheduling model, and adopts a stepped carbon trading method that is more conducive to the access of clean units to the grid and effectively reduces carbon dioxide emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-energy coordinated regulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a comprehensive energy system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of the composition of a multi-energy collaborative control system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same modules are represented by the same reference numerals. In the case of the same reference numerals, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, the detailed description thereof will not be repeated.

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0050] The embodiment of the present invention provides a city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method, the process of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0051] S1. Obtain the operating data and parameters of the integrated energy system.

[0052] The integrated energy system mainly includes gas turbines, gas boilers, wind turbines, coal-fired units, energy storage equipment, electric vehicles and loads.

[0053] S2. Based on energy conversion and storage devices, a comprehensive energy system structure of electricity-gas-heat storage combined power supply is constructed, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0054] During the energy conversion process, heat is provided by gas turbines and gas boilers; electricity is provided by gas turbines, wind turbines and coal-fired units; electricity is converted into hydrogen and natural gas through power-to-gas equipment. Part of the hydrogen is sold, and the rest is stored in gas storage facilities and sent to the natural gas system when needed.

[0055] S3. Introduce a tiered carbon trading mechanism and establish a hierarchical calculation model.

[0056] The carbon trading quota in the carbon trading cost model is:

[0057] In the integrated energy system, carbon dioxide emissions are mainly caused by three parts, namely conventional thermal power generating units, gas boilers in three energy grid centers, and cogeneration units:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, F z 、F c 、F f and F chp They are the carbon emission free quotas for the integrated energy system, conventional thermal power units, gas boilers in three energy network centers, and cogeneration systems; C , F and CHPare their one-to-one corresponding unit sets; φ e and φ h are the carbon emissions per unit of electricity generation and heating, respectively; η is the conversion coefficient from electricity generation to heating, Z ci and Z bi are the power generation of the traditional unit and the combined heat and power unit; Z fi and Z ei They are the heat supply of a boiler and a cogeneration unit respectively.

[0060] The piecewise linear calculation model of step-by-step carbon trading costs is constructed, and multiple emission intervals are specified. When it is negative, it means that the carbon emitted by the system is less than the standard amount, and then it can be sold at the specified price in the corresponding trading center. The excess share can obtain certain technical subsidies. If the carbon emission interval is smaller, the corresponding carbon trading price will be higher; vice versa:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, is the cost of carbon trading in the required system; a is the length of the segment interval; α and β are the price and growth span of carbon trading in the trading market respectively; F n 、F p 、F z and F p2g They are CO2 emissions from power generation companies, conventional power plants, combined heat and power plants, gas boilers, and P2G equipment; and b are the actual power consumed by the p2g device and the carbon emissions captured at this time, respectively, P2G is the unit set corresponding to the p2g equipment; μ and v are the number of gas boilers and gas turbines respectively.

[0063] S4. Establish a low-carbon dispatch model for the integrated energy system based on hierarchical carbon trading, and construct power balance constraints, P2G constraints, gas storage tank constraints, and gas turbine constraints.

[0064] The IES low-carbon dispatch model based on hierarchical carbon trading considers the dispatch problem of 24 hours a day, with the carbon trading cost Coal-fired unit cost M h 、Cost of purchasing natural gas M r Revenue of electricity-to-gas equipment ρ2g The minimum difference between them is the objective function.

[0065]

[0066] Where M is the total system operating cost; carbon trading cost Coal-fired unit cost M h 、Cost of purchasing natural gas Mr Revenue of electricity-to-gas equipment ρ2g ; η g and h g are natural gas price and calorific value respectively; Z GH is the heat energy converted from unit electrical energy, is the output power per unit time of conventional thermal power generating units, x i ,y i , z i is the coefficient corresponding to the cost; in the gas system at time t, and are the thermal and electrical outputs of a single boiler and turbine, respectively; the corresponding efficiency, γ u Take 0.8, γ v Take 0.35; k h , k u and k v are the total number of coal-fired units, gas boilers and gas turbines, respectively, h +k u +k v =k z ; is the price of hydrogen; is the amount of hydrogen produced; is the production of natural gas.

[0067] The constraints of the IES low-carbon dispatch model based on tiered carbon trading include power balance constraints, P2G constraints, gas storage tank constraints, and gas turbine constraints.

[0068] The power balance constraint condition is:

[0069] For electricity, heat and gas within a unit interval time t, the following power balance constraints are satisfied:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, and are the powers of the electric load, heat load, and gas load in IES respectively; and respectively for electricity and natural gas purchased; and is the input power of gas turbines, gas boilers and P2G equipment; is the power allocated by wind energy; and as well as Corresponding to the generation and storage power of electrical energy and thermal energy respectively; γ p2g is the artifact ratio of P2G; and They are the release power and storage power of the gas storage system respectively.

[0072] The dispatching model allows a certain amount of wind abandonment when the system operating cost is minimized. The following formula needs to be satisfied:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, and are the wind power emitted and wasted in the unit interval, respectively.

[0075] P2G equipment mainly meets the constraints of its rated power:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, is the rated power of the P2G device.

[0078] Gas tank constraints include upper and lower limits on the gas tank volume, equal constraints at the beginning and end of the gas tank cycle, inflation and exhaust constraints, and gas storage balance constraints:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, and They are respectively the gas storage, air intake and exhaust of the gas tank during period t; and represent the gas storage at the beginning and end of the cycle, respectively; and are the upper bounds of gas inlet and gas release per unit time, respectively; is the upper limit of the gas storage capacity; λ is a binary variable, indicating that only intake or exhaust can be performed per unit time.

[0081] The gas turbine constraints are:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, represents the electrical power output of the i-th gas turbine in time period t; and are the power generation efficiency of gas turbine and the heat recovery efficiency of waste heat boiler respectively; gas Indicates the calorific value of natural gas; represents the gas consumption rate of the i-th gas turbine at time period t; Indicates the thermal power output by the waste heat boiler; Indicates the minimum power generation capacity of the gas turbine; Indicates the maximum power generation capacity of the gas turbine.

[0084] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control system, which uses the above control method. The system components are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0085] A data acquisition module is used to obtain the operating data and parameters of the integrated energy system;

[0086] Model module, used to establish a low-carbon dispatch model for the integrated energy system with the goal of minimizing the sum of power generation cost and carbon dioxide emission transaction cost;

[0087] Constraint module, used to construct constraints for optimizing the low-carbon dispatch model of the integrated energy system;

[0088] The solution module is used to solve the optimal solution of the low-carbon optimization scheduling model of the integrated energy system under constraints;

[0089] The scheduling module is used to schedule multi-energy coordination in the integrated energy system with the optimal solution as the scheduling plan.

[0090] The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention fully connects electricity, natural gas, thermal energy and energy storage together, and through the coordinated operation between them, realizes the coordinated optimization of various energy storage equipment in the comprehensive energy system, fully exerts the energy supply potential and energy storage regulation potential of the comprehensive energy system, and improves the optimized operation capacity of the comprehensive energy system. The embodiment of the present invention establishes a low-carbon scheduling model, takes into account both the power generation cost and the carbon dioxide emission trading cost, strives to minimize their sum, and achieves the goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. At the same time, the use of tiered carbon trading is more conducive to the access of clean units to the grid.

[0091] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0093] The above specific implementations of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Obtaining operation data and parameters of an integrated energy system; the integrated energy system includes a gas turbine, a gas boiler, a wind turbine, a coal-fired unit, an energy storage device, an electric vehicle, and a load; S2. Based on energy conversion and storage devices, a comprehensive energy system structure of electricity-gas-heat storage combined power supply is constructed; S3. Introduce a tiered carbon trading mechanism and establish a hierarchical calculation model; S4. Establish a low-carbon dispatch model for the integrated energy system based on hierarchical carbon trading, and construct power balance constraints, P2G constraints, gas storage tank constraints, and gas turbine constraints.

2. The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the structure of the integrated energy system is as follows: During the energy conversion process, heat is provided by gas turbines and gas boilers; electricity is provided by gas turbines, wind turbines and coal-fired units; electricity is converted into hydrogen and natural gas through power-to-gas equipment; part of the hydrogen is sold, and the rest is stored in gas storage facilities and sent to the natural gas system.

3. The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the hierarchical calculation model is established as follows: Carbon trading quotas are: In the formula, F z 、F c 、F f and F chp They are the carbon emission free quotas for integrated energy systems, conventional thermal power units, gas boilers and cogeneration systems; C , F and CHP are the unit sets of conventional thermal power units, gas boilers and cogeneration systems; φ e and φ h They are the carbon emissions per unit of electricity and heat supply; η is the conversion factor from electricity generation to heating, Z ci and Z bi are the power generation of the traditional unit and the combined heat and power unit; Z fi and Z ei They are the heat supply of a boiler and a combined heat and power unit; The hierarchical calculation model is: In the formula, is the cost of carbon trading in the required system; a is the length of the segment interval; α and β are the price and growth span of carbon trading in the trading market respectively; F n 、F p 、F z and F p2g They are CO2 emissions from power generation companies, conventional power plants, combined heat and power plants, gas boilers, and P2G equipment; and b are the actual power consumed by the P2G device and the carbon emissions captured at this time, respectively, P2G is the unit set corresponding to the P2G equipment; μ and v are the number of gas boilers and gas turbines respectively.

4. The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the objective function of the low-carbon dispatch model of the integrated energy system based on hierarchical carbon trading is as follows: Where M is the total system operating cost; carbon trading cost Coal-fired unit cost M h 、Cost of purchasing natural gas M r Revenue of electricity-to-gas equipment ρ2g ; η g and h g are natural gas price and calorific value respectively; Z GH is the heat energy converted from unit electrical energy, is the output power per unit time of conventional thermal power generating units, x i ,y i , z i is the coefficient corresponding to the cost; in the gas system at time t, and are the thermal and electrical outputs of a single boiler and turbine, respectively; the corresponding efficiency, γ u Take 0.8, γ v Take 0.35; k h , k u and k v are the total number of coal-fired units, gas boilers and gas turbines, respectively, h +k u +k v =k z ; is the price of hydrogen; is the amount of hydrogen produced; is the production of natural gas.

5. The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the power balance constraint is: In the formula, and They are the powers of the electric load, heat load and gas load in the integrated energy system; and respectively for electricity and natural gas purchased; and is the input power of gas turbine, gas boiler and P2G equipment; P j w,t is the power allocated by wind energy; and as well as Corresponding to the generation and storage power of electrical energy and thermal energy respectively; γ p2g is the artifact ratio of P2G; and They are the release power and storage power of the gas storage system; In the formula, and are the wind power emitted and wasted in the unit interval, respectively.

6. The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the P2G constraint is that the P2G device meets its rated power constraint: In the formula, is the rated power of the P2G device.

7. The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the gas tank constraint is: In the formula, and They are respectively the gas storage, air intake and exhaust of the gas tank during period t; and represent the gas storage at the beginning and end of the cycle, respectively; and are the upper bounds of gas inlet and gas release per unit time, respectively; is the upper limit of gas storage capacity; λ is a binary variable, indicating that only intake or exhaust can be performed per unit time.

8. The city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the gas turbine constraints are: In the formula, represents the electrical power output of the i-th gas turbine in time period t; and are the power generation efficiency of gas turbine and the heat recovery efficiency of waste heat boiler respectively; gas Indicates the calorific value of natural gas; represents the gas consumption rate of the i-th gas turbine at time period t; Indicates the thermal power output by the waste heat boiler; Indicates the minimum power generation capacity of the gas turbine; Indicates the maximum power generation capacity of the gas turbine.

9. A city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control system, using the city-level electricity-gas-heat-storage multi-energy coordinated control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the operating data and parameters of the integrated energy system; Model module, used to establish a low-carbon dispatch model for the integrated energy system with the goal of minimizing the sum of power generation cost and carbon dioxide emission transaction cost; Constraint module, used to construct constraints for optimizing the low-carbon dispatch model of the integrated energy system; The solution module is used to solve the optimal solution of the low-carbon optimization scheduling model of the integrated energy system under constraints; The scheduling module is used to schedule multi-energy coordination in the integrated energy system with the optimal solution as the scheduling plan.

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