User terminal location information transmission method based on improved PFCP protocol

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for transmitting user terminal location information based on an improved PFCP protocol. The method comprises: a user subscribing to a user terminal location information transmission service; when the user terminal issues a PDU session request, the user terminal synchronously sends the location information to the SMF; the SMF checks whether the user has subscribed to the user terminal location information transmission service; when the user terminal issues a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request message, the SMF selects an appropriate UPF based on the user terminal location information and adds an information element containing the user terminal location information to the PFCP session message; and the UPF optimizes network resource allocation and selects a data forwarding path based on the received user terminal location information. This method simplifies the process of acquiring UE location information in distributed UPFs and edge computing, reduces latency, improves real-time performance, and enhances network performance and user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a method for transmitting UE location information for a distributed user plane function. Background Art

[0002] In the 3GPP 5G core network, network elements such as the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), SMF (Session Management Function), NEF (Network Exposure Function), and AF (Application Function) all require UE (User Equipment) location information. For example, the AMF provides a channel for session management message transmission between the UE and SMF. The AMF obtains UE location information (ULI) from the UE and (R)AN (Radio) Access Network and transmits it to the SMF. The SMF primarily performs session management, selects and controls the UPF, and verifies subscription data. It uses UE location information to select the UPF for establishing the PFCP (Message Forwarding Control Protocol) connection and issues data forwarding rules. The NEF can subscribe to UE location information stored in the AMF / SMF. Once the NEF obtains the UE location information, the AF can obtain the required UE location information by subscribing to the NEF. The UPF (User Plane Function) network element is an important part of the 3GPP 5G core network system architecture. It is the user plane network element of the 5G core network. It can receive the forwarding rules issued by the SMF and forward the data sent by the base station. It mainly supports the routing and forwarding of UE service data, data and service identification, action and policy execution, etc.

[0003] However, for the current 5G core network and many application scenarios, there are still problems and needs in obtaining UE location information. For example, there is a new distributed UPF architecture currently on the market. This architecture divides the UPF into two parts: the UPF controller (UPF-C) and the UPF executor (UPF-U). However, there is a problem with the positioning selection of the UPF-U by the UPF-C. In the normal process, the SMF selects the appropriate UPF based on the UE location information. However, for distributed UPF, the SMF can only select the appropriate UPF-C based on the UE location information, but the SMF will not send the UE location information to the UPF-C. Therefore, the UPF-C cannot select the appropriate UPF-U based on the UE location information, resulting in the UPF-C being unable to send the corresponding forwarding rules.

[0004] To this end, the 5G core network architecture incorporates a method for obtaining UE location information: subscribing to the NEF network element. While theoretically feasible, adding an NEF interface to the UPF-C and enabling it to subscribe to the NEF to obtain UE location information would increase the complexity of the UPF workflow and the signaling overhead in the core network, leading to excessive resource consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0006] One purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for transmitting user terminal location information based on an improved PFCP protocol. By introducing a new information element - UE location information, the SMF can transmit the UE location information to the UPF during the PFCP session establishment and modification process.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides, on one hand, a method for transmitting user terminal location information based on an improved PFCP protocol, comprising:

[0008] The user signs up for the user terminal location information transmission service and stores the signed information in the data management network element;

[0009] When the user terminal issues a PDU session request, the user terminal synchronously sends the location information to the SMF; the SMF checks whether the user has signed up for the user terminal location information transmission service;

[0010] If a contract has been signed, when the user terminal sends a PFCP session establishment request or PFCP session modification request message, it selects an appropriate UPF based on the user terminal location information and adds an information element containing the user terminal location information to the PFCP session establishment request or PFCP session modification request message;

[0011] The UPF optimizes network resource allocation and selects data forwarding paths based on the received user terminal location information.

[0012] A further preferred technical solution of the present invention is that user contract information is stored in the UDR and managed by the UDM. The specific method is as follows:

[0013] The user's contract information is configured and managed in the UDM and stored in the UDR by the UDM. When a network element needs to obtain the contract information, it applies to the UDM for the contract information. The UDM reads the contract information from the UDR and returns it to the corresponding network element. When the user's contract information changes, the UDM and UDR modify or delete the contract information.

[0014] Preferably, when the user terminal issues a PDU session request, the user terminal synchronously sends the location information to the SMF; the SMF checks whether the user has signed up for the user terminal location information transmission service, specifically in the following method:

[0015] The user terminal sends a PDU session establishment request message to the AMF via a NAS message. The request includes at least the required PDU type, S-NSSAI, DNN and user terminal location information;

[0016] AMF sends a request to SMF to create an SM context, which carries the user terminal location information, and SMF obtains the user terminal location information;

[0017] SMF requests the contract information stored in the data management network element.

[0018] Preferably, the SMF obtains the contract information stored in the data management network element, specifically in the following manner:

[0019] The SMF retrieves the contract information from the data management network element through the N10 interface. The data management network element reads the stored user contract information and returns it to the SMF. The SMF checks the content of the contract information and checks whether the user terminal location information transmission service exists.

[0020] The subscription information includes at least the allowed PDU session type and the user terminal location information delivery service.

[0021] Preferably, the user terminal location information includes at least: E-UTRACGI, NR CGI, TAI, and location age data.

[0022] Preferably, when the user terminal sends a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request message, an appropriate UPF is selected according to the user terminal location information, and an information element containing the user terminal location information is added to the PFCP session establishment request or the PFCP session modification request message; the specific method is:

[0023] When the user terminal sends a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request message, the SMF selects a UPF for the PFCP session at a suitable location based on the UE location information obtained from the AMF;

[0024] The SMF sends a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request to the UPF, and adds the UE location information element UE Location Information to the PFCP session establishment request or the PFCP session modification request;

[0025] After receiving the PFCP session request message, the UPF parses the UE Location Information IE and stores the user terminal location information.

[0026] Preferably, when the SMF checks that the user has not subscribed to the user terminal location information transmission service, the SMF initiates a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request of the PFCP protocol that does not carry the user terminal location information.

[0027] Preferably, when applied to a distributed UPF architecture, after receiving a PFCP session request containing user terminal location information, UPF-C selects an appropriate UPF-U to perform data forwarding based on the UE location information.

[0028] Preferably, when the user terminal location information is updated, the AMF sends an update context request to the SMF. The SMF determines whether the user terminal location information in the PFCP session needs to be updated based on the contract information, and sends a PFCP session modification request carrying the updated user terminal location information to the UPF.

[0029] After receiving the updated user terminal location information, the UPF optimizes network resource allocation and selects a data forwarding path.

[0030] Beneficial effects: The core of the present invention lies in the process of acquiring and transmitting UE location information in a PDU session, including signing up for location information transmission services, checking location information transmission services, triggering location information transmission services, and the UE location information update process.

[0031] Specifically, the present invention adds a new service for transmitting UE location information. When a user activates this service, the user's contract information is configured in the UDM Unified Data Management and stored in the UDR Unified Data Repository by the UDM. When a network element needs to obtain contract information, it applies to the UDM for contract data. The UDM reads the contract data from the UDR and returns it to the corresponding network element. The contract information of users in the UDM and UDR may change due to service upgrades, package changes, etc., and the UDM and UDR will change or delete the contract data of the service in the contract information.

[0032] This invention adds a new SMF inspection process for the location information delivery service. When the UE creates a PDU session request, the SMF receives a Create SM Context request from the AMF. The SMF then needs to obtain the user's subscription information. The SMF sends a query request to the UDM via the N10 interface. The UDM reads the stored user subscription data from the UDR and returns it to the SMF. The SMF checks the content of the subscription data to determine whether the UE location information delivery service exists.

[0033] The present invention adds a new SMF triggering process for the location information transmission service. If the SMF detects the UE location information transmission service in the user contract information, it initiates a PFCP session request carrying the UE location information, adds the UE location information element UE Location Information in the PFCP session establishment request (PFCP Session Establishment Request) or the PFCP session modification request (PFCP Session Modification Request), and passes it to the UPF through the N4 interface; if the SMF does not detect the UE location information transmission service in the user contract information, it initiates a PFCP session establishment request or PFCP session modification request of the PFCP protocol that does not carry the UE location information.

[0034] This invention adds a new information element, the UE Location Information IE, to the PFCP protocol. This element is used to convey UE location information in PFCP Session Establishment Request or PFCP Session Modification Request messages. The PFCP protocol message structure reserves a "For future use" field for adding new fields as needed. This invention leverages this field to expand the protocol and embed the UE Location Information IE into PFCP messages. This UE location information, including CGI, TAI, and Age of Location, is used by the UPF to optimize network resource allocation and data forwarding. Upon receiving a message containing the UE Location Information IE in a PFCP Session Establishment or Modification Request, the UPF parses the information and performs appropriate network operations based on the UE's specific location, such as selecting the optimal path and allocating resources. Upon completion, the UPF sends a PFCP Session Establishment Response or PFCP Session Modification Response message to the SMF, completing the PFCP session.

[0035] In the present invention, if the UE location is updated, AMF will send an update context request message Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request to SMF to update the UE location information. After that, SMF will still make a judgment based on the service in the original contract information, that is, if the service transmitted by the UE location information is detected in the user contract information, SMF will initiate a PFCP session request of the PFCP protocol carrying the UE location information, add the updated UE location information element UE Location Information in the PFCP session modification request (PFCP Session ModificationRequest), and pass it to the UPF through the N4 interface; if the service information transmitted by the UE location information is not detected in the user contract information, SMF will initiate a PFCP session modification request of the PFCP protocol that does not carry the UE location information.

[0036] Based on the improved UE location information transmission method under the PFCP protocol proposed in this invention, for distributed UPFs, the SMF includes the UE location information IE in the PFCP session establishment or modification request. After receiving the request, the UPF-C parses the information element and obtains the UE location information. Therefore, based on the UE location information, the UPF-C can select the UPF-U with the best geographical location for data forwarding, which can significantly reduce data transmission delay and improve network performance.

[0037] The present invention is still applicable to other scenarios where UE location information needs to be obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is the improved PFCP session message structure including the UE Location Information IE in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 The flowchart is a method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is an architectural diagram of the distributed UPF mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms used are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention describes a method for transmitting user terminal location information based on an improved PFCP protocol.

[0043] Before describing the technical solution of the present invention in detail, a unified description of the technical terms involved in this application is given.

[0044] UE: User Equipment

[0045] PFCP: Packet Forwarding Control Protocol

[0046] SMF: Session Management Function

[0047] UPF: User Plane Function

[0048] N4 interface: interface between SMF and UPF (SMF-to-UPF Interface)

[0049] N10 interface: SMF-to-UDM interface

[0050] AMF: Access and Mobility Management Function

[0051] NEF: Network Exposure Function

[0052] AF: Application Function

[0053] ULI: User Location Information

[0054] E-UTRACGI: Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network Cell Global Identity

[0055] NR CGI: New Radio Cell Global Identity

[0056] TAI: Tracking Area Identity

[0057] UDR: Unified Data Repository

[0058] UDM: Unified Data Management

[0059] PDU Session: Protocol Data Unit Session

[0060] NAS: Non-Access Stratum

[0061] S-NSSAI: Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information

[0062] DNN: Data Network Name

[0063] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a method for transmitting user terminal location information based on an improved PFCP protocol.

[0064] The user signs up for the user terminal location information transmission service and stores the signed information in the data management network element;

[0065] When the user terminal issues a PDU session request, the user terminal synchronously sends the location information to the SMF; the SMF checks whether the user has signed up for the user terminal location information transmission service;

[0066] If a contract has been signed, when the user terminal sends a PFCP session establishment request or PFCP session modification request message, it selects an appropriate UPF based on the user terminal location information and adds an information element containing the user terminal location information to the PFCP session establishment request or PFCP session modification request message;

[0067] The UPF optimizes network resource allocation and selects data forwarding paths based on the received user terminal location information.

[0068] Specifically, the steps are as follows: Figure 1 、 Figure 2 Shown, including:

[0069] Step 1: UE to AMF data transmission

[0070] During the PDU session, the UE sends a PDU Session Establishment Request message to the AMF via a NAS (Non-Access Stratum) message. The request includes the required PDU type (such as IPv4, IPv6 or IPv4v6), S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information), DNN (Data Network Name), UE location information, and other information.

[0071] Step 2: AMF to SMF context creation request

[0072] The AMF sends Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request to the SMF to create an SM context, which carries the User Location Information. The SMF obtains the UE's location information from the AMF.

[0073] Step 3: SMF inspection and contract signing

[0074] When the UE initiates a PDU session, the SMF needs to obtain the UE's subscription information, including the service subscription information transmitted by the UE's location information. This information is managed by the UDM and stored in the UDR.

[0075] After the UE sends a PDU session establishment request to the SMF, the SMF receives the create context request message Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request sent by the AMF and checks the subscription status of the UE.

[0076] The SMF retrieves session management subscription data from the UDM via the N10 interface using Nudm_SDM_Get. The UDM can subscribe to stored subscription data from the UDR using Nudr_DM_Query or Nudr_DM_subscribe. This subscription data includes the allowed PDU session types and subscription information for services conveying UE location information.

[0077] Step 4: AMF to SMF context creation response

[0078] SMF sends a response message Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Response to the context establishment request message Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContextRequest initiated by AMF.

[0079] Step 5: UPF Selection

[0080] The SMF selects a UPF at a suitable location for the PFCP session based on the UE location information obtained from the AMF.

[0081] Step 6: PFCP Session Request

[0082] When establishing or modifying a PFCP session, the SMF sends a PFCP session establishment request (PFCP Session Establishment Request) or a PFCP session modification request (PFCP Session Modification Request) to the UPF.

[0083] If the service of transmitting UE location information is detected in the user subscription information, the SMF initiates a PFCP session request of the PFCP protocol carrying the UE location information, adds the UE location information element UE Location Information, such as E-UTRACGI, NR CGI, TAI, location age, etc., in the PFCP session establishment request or PFCP session modification request, and passes it to the UPF through the N4 interface and then proceeds to step 7.

[0084] If the service for transmitting UE location information is not detected in the user contract information, the SMF initiates a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request of the PFCP protocol that does not carry the UE location information, and does not proceed to step 7.

[0085] Step 7: UPF processes the request

[0086] After receiving the PFCP session request message, the UPF parses the UE Location Information IE and stores the UE location information.

[0087] For the architecture of distributed UPF, such as Figure 3 In the distributed UPF, the UPF-C selects the UPF-U with the appropriate location based on the specific UE LocationInformation, and issues rules and related content through the internal interface between the UPF-C and the UPF-U.

[0088] Step 8: PFCP Session Response

[0089] After processing the request, UPF / UPF-C sends a PFCP session establishment response (PFCP Session Establishment Response) or a PFCP session modification response (PFCP Session Modification Response) to SMF.

[0090] Step 9: SMF vs AMF

[0091] SMF and AMF send Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer message to transfer N1N2 messages.

[0092] Step 10: AMF to (R)AN

[0093] The AMF sends an N2 PDU Session Request message to the (R)AN.

[0094] Step 11: (R)AN and UE

[0095] (R)AN and UE send a PDU Session Establishment Accept message.

[0096] Step 12: (R)AN to AMF

[0097] (R)AN sends an N2 PDU Session Response message to the AMF to complete the response.

[0098] Step 13: AMF to SMF context update request

[0099] After the UE location is updated, the UE will notify the AMF of the location information. The AMF will update the SM context of the SMF, and the SMF will obtain the updated UE location information from the AMF.

[0100] The context update request message Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContextRequest sent by AMF to SMF will carry User location information.

[0101] Step 14: PFCP Session Modification Request

[0102] The SMF obtains the updated UE location information and initiates a PFCP Session Modification Request request to the UPF to modify the PFCP session.

[0103] If the service of UE location information transmission is detected in the user subscription information, the SMF initiates a PFCP session of the PFCP protocol carrying the UE location information, adds the UE location information element UE LocationInformation in the PFCP session modification request, such as E-UTRA CGI, NR CGI, TAI, location age, etc., and passes it to the UPF through the N4 interface.

[0104] If the service for transmitting UE location information is not detected in the user subscription information, the SMF initiates a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request of the PFCP protocol that does not carry the UE location information.

[0105] Step 15: PFCP Session Modification Response

[0106] After processing the modification request, the UPF sends a PFCP Session Modification Response to the SMF.

[0107] Step 16: AMF to SMF context update response

[0108] SMF sends a response message Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response to the context update request message Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContextRequest initiated by AMF.

[0109] This embodiment simplifies the process of obtaining UE location information in distributed UPF and edge computing, reduces latency, improves real-time performance, and improves network performance and user experience.

[0110] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, which enable a computer to execute the method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol of embodiment 1.

[0111] Embodiment 3: This embodiment provides an electronic device, which may include: a processor, a communications interface, a memory, and a communications bus, wherein the processor, the communications interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communications bus. The processor may invoke logic instructions in the memory to execute the improved PFCP protocol-based method for transmitting user terminal location information of embodiment 1.

[0112] In addition, the logical instructions in the above-mentioned memory can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0113] Example 4: This example provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the user terminal location information transmission method based on the improved PFCP protocol in Example 1.

[0114] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0115] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting user terminal location information based on an improved PFCP protocol, characterized in that: include: The user signs up for the user terminal location information transmission service and stores the signed information in the data management network element; When the user terminal issues a PDU session request, the user terminal synchronously sends the location information to the SMF; the SMF checks whether the user has signed up for the user terminal location information transmission service; If a contract has been signed, when the user terminal sends a PFCP session establishment request or PFCP session modification request message, it selects an appropriate UPF based on the user terminal location information and adds an information element containing the user terminal location information to the PFCP session establishment request or PFCP session modification request message; UPF optimizes network resource allocation and selects data forwarding paths based on the received user terminal location information.

2. The method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol according to claim 1, characterized in that: User contract information is stored in the UDR and managed through the UDM. The specific methods are as follows: The user's contract information is configured and managed in the UDM and stored in the UDR by the UDM. When a network element needs to obtain the contract information, it applies to the UDM for the contract information. The UDM reads the contract information from the UDR and returns it to the corresponding network element. When the user's contract information changes, the UDM and UDR modify or delete the contract information.

3. The method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the user terminal issues a PDU session request, the user terminal synchronously sends the location information to the SMF; the SMF checks whether the user has signed up for the user terminal location information transmission service, specifically in the following way: The user terminal sends a PDU session establishment request message to the AMF via a NAS message. The request includes at least the required PDU type, S-NSSAI, DNN and user terminal location information; AMF sends a request to SMF to create an SM context, which carries the user terminal location information, and SMF obtains the user terminal location information; SMF requests the contract information stored in the data management network element.

4. The method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol according to claim 3, characterized in that: The SMF obtains the contract information stored in the data management network element in the following way: SMF retrieves contract information from the data management network element through the N10 interface; The data management network element reads the stored user contract information and returns it to the SMF. The SMF checks the content of the contract information and checks whether the user terminal location information transmission service exists. The subscription information at least includes the allowed PDU session type and the user terminal location information delivery service.

5. The method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol according to claim 3, characterized in that: The user terminal location information includes at least: E-UTRA CGI, NR CGI, TAI, and location age data.

6. The method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the user terminal sends a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request message, the user terminal selects an appropriate UPF according to the user terminal location information, and adds an information element containing the user terminal location information to the PFCP session establishment request or the PFCP session modification request message; the specific method is: When the user terminal sends a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request message, the SMF selects a UPF for the PFCP session at a suitable location based on the UE location information obtained from the AMF; The SMF sends a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request to the UPF, and adds the UE location information element UE Location Information to the PFCP session establishment request or the PFCP session modification request; After receiving the PFCP session request message, the UPF parses the UE Location Information IE and stores the user terminal location information.

7. The method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol according to claim 3, characterized in that: When SMF checks that the user has not subscribed to the user terminal location information transmission service, SMF initiates a PFCP session establishment request or a PFCP session modification request of the PFCP protocol that does not carry the user terminal location information.

8. The method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol according to claim 6, characterized in that: When applied to a distributed UPF architecture, after receiving a PFCP session request containing user terminal location information, the UPF-C selects an appropriate UPF-U to perform data forwarding based on the UE location information.

9. The method for transmitting user terminal location information based on the improved PFCP protocol according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the user terminal location information is updated, AMF sends an update context request to SMF. SMF determines whether the user terminal location information in the PFCP session needs to be updated based on the contract information, and sends a PFCP session modification request carrying the updated user terminal location information to UPF. After receiving the updated user terminal location information, the UPF optimizes network resource allocation and selects a data forwarding path.

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