Large pressure vessel horizontal assembly gap control device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a large pressure container horizontal assembly gap control device and method. The device comprises locking screws, a tensioning plate, a gap pad, bolts, locking bolts, limiting bolts, pressing bolts, guiding positioning pins, elastic locking clamps, a rear cover assembly and a shell. The tensioning plate and the gap pad are matched to control the assembly gap. The gap pad and the shell are completely tightly attached. The tensioning plate is arranged in a clamping groove of the gap pad. The pressing bolts are tightened to limit the advancing distance of the tensioning plate and control the gap between the rear cover assembly and the shell. The locking screws and the locking bolts are respectively inserted into corresponding positions of the gap pad through the bolts to be firmly connected. The limiting bolts are inserted into limiting holes of the tensioning plate, the shell and the rear cover assembly to ensure coaxiality of the tensioning plate, the shell and the rear cover assembly during assembly and prevent displacement of the tensioning plate. The tooling of the application has the advantages of simple structure, reliability, high bearing capacity, low price, convenient operation and good use effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, specifically to a device and method for controlling the clearance during horizontal assembly of large pressure vessels. Background Technology

[0002] In the aerospace field, many structures are composed of various nested or assembled parts, such as large pressure vessels, requiring the clearances between these parts to meet specific precision requirements after assembly. However, due to machining errors or localized deformation caused by external forces, parts may come into contact or collide during assembly, leading to insufficient assembly precision or even preventing assembly from being completed. In the manufacturing of large, wide-opening pressure vessels, the shell and rear cover assemblies need to be assembled. During assembly, it is essential to ensure that the two components are coaxial and their end faces are parallel. Furthermore, to ensure a good sealing effect, a sealing ring is typically installed on the end face of the rear cover assembly. Uneven or insufficient assembly clearance can compress the sealing ring, causing it to be damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to design an assembly clearance control device to assist in the assembly of the shell and rear cover assemblies of large pressure vessels, ensuring that the assembly clearance meets precision requirements.

[0003] Currently, there is no publicly available information on horizontal assembly clearance control devices specifically designed for the assembly of shell and rear cover assemblies for large, wide-opening pressure vessels. During the manufacturing of large, wide-opening pressure vessels, the shell and rear cover assemblies need to be assembled. Because these assemblies are quite heavy, typically weighing several hundred kilograms or more, the traditional method is a vertical assembly method. This involves placing the pressure vessel shell vertically in a pit, then hoisting the rear cover assembly to a suitable position and assembling it with the pressure vessel shell through continuous adjustments.

[0004] The vertical assembly method does not use any auxiliary assembly tooling. During the assembly process, parts are prone to contact and collision, insufficient assembly accuracy, etc. It is also impossible to quickly level the end face and align the axis, or even complete the assembly. In addition, the sealing ring is easily squeezed during the assembly process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a horizontal assembly gap control device for large pressure vessels. This device solves the problems that may arise during the assembly of the shell and rear cover assembly of large, open-mouth pressure vessels, where local deformation caused by machining errors or other external forces may lead to contact or collision between parts during assembly, insufficient assembly precision, or even failure to complete the assembly. The device ensures that the assembly gap meets the precision requirements without damaging the sealing structure between parts.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, one objective of this invention is to provide a method for controlling the assembly clearance of a large pressure vessel horizontal assembly. The assembly clearance control device includes a dial indicator, a locking screw a, an "L"-shaped tensioning plate, a clearance pad, an M6×20 bolt, a locking bolt b, a limit bolt, a clamping bolt, a guide positioning pin, an elastic locking clip, a rear cover assembly, and a housing. The specific steps are as follows:

[0007] S1: Move the shell and rear cover assembly of the large pressure vessel to the assembly table for rough docking assembly. After it is in place, insert the guide positioning pin into the positioning hole opened in the shell and rear cover assembly for positioning. At this time, there is still a distance between the shell and the rear cover assembly. This distance is the width difference between the tension plate and the gap pad.

[0008] S2: Assemble the “L”-shaped tension plate with the back cover assembly to ensure that the side and opening end face of the back cover assembly are tightly fitted with the inner surface of the tension plate.

[0009] S3: Insert the limit bolts through the limit holes of the tension plate, housing and rear cover assembly to ensure that they are coaxial during assembly and prevent the tension plate from shifting.

[0010] S4: Insert the clamping bolts through the corresponding holes in the tensioning plate, housing, and rear cover assembly for subsequent adjustment of the gap between the housing and rear cover assembly. They do not need to be fully tightened before assembly.

[0011] S5: Assemble the gap pad and tension plate. Place the tension plate completely into the slot of the gap pad. Insert the M6×20 bolt, locking screw a, and locking bolt b into the corresponding positions of the gap pad to securely connect the two. After assembly, the left end face of the gap pad must be parallel and tightly fitted to the slot face of the opening end face of the housing. This ensures that the housing and the rear cover assembly remain parallel and coaxially aligned during assembly, while controlling the gap between them.

[0012] S6: After all the components of the assembly gap control device are assembled, fix the dial indicator to the tension plate with elastic locking clips and locking screws a to ensure that the measuring rod of the dial indicator can move up and down flexibly.

[0013] S7: Repeat S2-S6 three times. Three assembly gap control devices are evenly distributed around the circumference of the housing and the rear cover assembly. During fine assembly, three people need to simultaneously and slowly tighten the clamping bolts so that the left end face of the tensioning plate is completely in contact with the left end face of the gap pad and no further displacement occurs. At this time, the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing is controlled by the cooperation of the tensioning plate and the gap pad. During the tightening process, the value pointed to by the dial indicator must be paid attention to at all times. The value is checked by the dial indicator to determine whether the gap size meets the accuracy requirements.

[0014] S8: After assembly is complete, stop the operation and remove the components of the assembly gap control device in reverse order of assembly to complete the assembly work.

[0015] Furthermore, the locking screw a, tensioning plate, gap pad, M6×20 bolt, locking bolt b, limit bolt, clamping bolt, guide positioning pin, and elastic locking clip are all made of 30CrMnSiA material.

[0016] Furthermore, before detecting the gap size, S6 must first zero the dial indicator so that its pointer points to the "0" mark.

[0017] The above-described one or more technical solutions of the present invention have at least one or more of the following technical effects:

[0018] The device of this invention can effectively solve the problems that may occur when assembling the shell and back cover of large open pressure vessels, such as local deformation caused by processing errors or other external forces, which may lead to mutual contact and collision of parts during the assembly process, insufficient assembly accuracy, or even failure to complete the assembly. It ensures that the assembly gap meets the accuracy requirements and does not damage the sealing structure between parts.

[0019] The device of this invention can quickly level the end face of a part and align its axis. Its use transforms vertical assembly into horizontal assembly, avoiding the risks that may exist during the hoisting process of parts that are too heavy.

[0020] The tooling of this invention has a simple and reliable structure, strong load-bearing capacity, low price, convenient operation, and good performance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 : Front view of the assembly gap control device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the assembly gap control device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation Plan

[0023] A horizontal assembly clearance control device for large pressure vessels mainly consists of a dial indicator 1, locking screw a 2, tension plate 3, clearance pad 4, M6×20 bolt 5, locking bolt b 6, limit bolt 7, clamping bolt 8, guide positioning pin 9, and elastic locking clip 10. Except for the dial indicator, all other components are made of 30CrMnSiA material.

[0024] During assembly, the shell 12 of the large pressure vessel is placed flat on the assembly table. The rear cover assembly 11 is moved to the assembly table using a trolley and roughly joined with the shell 12. After positioning, the guide positioning pin 9 is inserted into the positioning holes opened in the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 for positioning. At this time, the gap between the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 is about 10mm. The "L"-shaped tensioning plate 3 is placed into the slot of the gap pad 4. The M6×20 bolt 5, the locking screw a 2, and the locking bolt b 6 are inserted into the corresponding positions of the gap pad 4 to firmly connect the two. After assembly, it is fitted with the back cover assembly 11 to ensure that the side and open end face of the back cover assembly 11 are tightly fitted with the inner surface of the tension plate 3. The side of the "L"-shaped tension plate 3 is consistent with the shape of the open end face of the back cover assembly 11, and its width is greater than that of the open end face of the back cover assembly 11 to ensure that the mating surfaces are completely fitted. The left end face of the gap pad 4 must be parallel to the snap-fit ​​surface of the open end face of the housing 12 to ensure that the housing 12 and the back cover assembly 11 remain parallel and aligned during assembly. The limiting bolt 7 is inserted through the limiting holes of the tension plate 3, the housing 12, and the back cover assembly 11. This not only ensures that the two are coaxial during assembly but also prevents the tension plate 3 from shifting. The clamping bolt 8 is inserted through the corresponding holes of the tension plate 3, the housing 12, and the back cover assembly 11 for subsequent adjustment of the gap between the housing 12 and the back cover assembly 11. It does not need to be fully tightened before assembly.

[0025] After all the above components are assembled, fix dial indicator 1 to tension plate 3 using elastic locking clip 10 and locking screw a 2, ensuring that the measuring rod of dial indicator 1 can move up and down flexibly. Before checking the gap size, the dial indicator must be zeroed so that its pointer points to the "0" mark. Repeat the above operation three times to evenly distribute three assembly gap control devices around the circumference of housing 12 and rear cover assembly 11. When starting assembly, three people need to simultaneously and slowly tighten the clamping bolt 8. During the tightening process, they must pay attention to the value pointed to by the pointer of dial indicator 1. By checking the value of dial indicator 1, they can determine whether the gap size meets the accuracy requirements. After assembly is in place, stop the operation and remove the components of the assembly gap control device in reverse order of assembly to complete the assembly work.

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments obtained. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] A horizontal assembly clearance control device for large pressure vessels mainly consists of a dial indicator 1, locking screw a 2, tension plate 3, clearance pad 4, M6×20 bolt 5, locking bolt b 6, limit bolt 7, clamping bolt 8, guide positioning pin 9, and elastic locking clip 10. Except for the dial indicator, all other components are made of 30CrMnSiA material.

[0028] The front view of the assembly gap control device of the present invention is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown. A cross-sectional view of the assembly clearance control device of the present invention is shown below. Figure 2 As shown in (a)~(d), during assembly, the shell 12 of the large pressure vessel is placed flat on the assembly table, and the rear cover assembly 11 is moved to the assembly table by a trolley and roughly assembled with the shell 12. After it is in place, the guide positioning pin 9 is inserted into the positioning hole opened in the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 for positioning. At this time, there is still a distance between the shell 12 and the rear cover assembly 11. This distance is the width difference between the tension plate 3 and the gap pad 4.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown in the BB cross-sectional view in (b), the "L"-shaped tensioning plate 3 is assembled with the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the side surface and the open end face of the rear cover assembly 11 are tightly fitted with the inner surface of the tensioning plate 3; the side surface of the "L"-shaped tensioning plate 3 and the open end face of the rear cover assembly 11 have the same shape, and the width is greater than the open end face of the rear cover assembly 11 to ensure that the mating surfaces are completely fitted.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown in the CC section in (c), the limiting bolt 7 is inserted through the limiting hole of the tension plate 3, the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11. This not only ensures that the two are coaxial during the assembly process, but also prevents the tension plate 3 from shifting.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown in the DD cross section in (d), the clamping bolt 8 is inserted through the corresponding holes of the tensioning plate 3, the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 for subsequent adjustment of the gap between the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11. It does not need to be fully tightened before assembly.

[0032] Then, assemble the gap spacer 4 and the tension plate 3. The tension plate 3 is fully inserted into the slot of the gap spacer 4. Use M6×20 bolts 5, and insert locking screws a 2 and b 6 into the corresponding positions of the gap spacer 4 to securely connect them. After assembly, the left end face of the gap spacer 4 must be parallel and tightly fitted to the snap-fit ​​surface of the opening end face of the housing 12. This ensures that the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11 remain parallel and coaxially aligned during assembly, while controlling the gap between them.

[0033] After all the above components are assembled, fix dial indicator 1 to tension plate 3 using elastic locking clip 10 and locking screw a 2, ensuring that the measuring rod of dial indicator 1 can move up and down flexibly. Before measuring the gap size, the dial indicator should be zeroed so that its pointer points to the "0" mark.

[0034] Repeat the above operation three times, evenly distributing three assembly gap control devices around the circumference of the housing 12 and the rear cover assembly 11. During fine assembly, three people simultaneously and slowly tighten the clamping bolt 8 until the left end face of the tension plate 3 is completely flush with the left end face of the gap pad 4, preventing further displacement. At this point, the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing is controlled by the cooperation of the tension plate 3 and the gap pad 4, preventing them from colliding or squeezing. During tightening, constantly monitor the value indicated by the dial indicator 1, using the dial indicator 1 to determine if the gap size meets the accuracy requirements. After assembly is complete, stop the operation and disassemble the components of the assembly gap control device in the reverse order of assembly to complete the assembly work.

[0035] This device primarily controls the assembly gap through the cooperation of the tension plate 3 and the gap shim 4. The gap shim 4 and the housing 12 are completely and tightly fitted. Since the tension plate 3 is placed in the slot of the gap shim 4, tightening the clamping bolt 8 restricts the forward distance of the tension plate 3, thus controlling the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing. When the clamping bolt 8 cannot be tightened at all, that is, when the left end face of the tension plate 3 is completely fitted with the left end face of the gap shim 4, it indicates that the rear cover assembly 11 and the housing 12 have been assembled in place. At the same time, the measurement value of the dial indicator 1 is used to further determine whether the size of the gap between the two meets the accuracy requirements.

[0036] The horizontal assembly clearance control device for large, open-mouth pressure vessels of this invention has been applied and verified in the assembly of shell and rear cover assemblies of several large, open-mouth pressure vessels. The clearances after assembly all meet the accuracy requirements. During assembly, there were no impacts or other quality problems, and the sealing structure between parts remained intact.

[0037] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the assembly clearance of a large pressure vessel in a horizontal assembly, the assembly clearance control device comprising a dial indicator (1), a locking screw a (2), an "L"-shaped tensioning plate (3), a clearance pad (4), an M6×20 bolt (5), a locking bolt b (6), a limit bolt (7), a clamping bolt (8), a guide positioning pin (9), an elastic locking clip (10), a rear cover assembly (11), and a housing (12), characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1: Move the shell (12) of the large pressure vessel and the rear cover assembly (11) to the assembly table for rough docking assembly. After they are in place, insert the guide positioning pin (9) into the positioning hole opened in the shell (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) for positioning. At this time, there is still a distance between the shell (12) and the rear cover assembly (11). This distance is the width difference between the tension plate (3) and the gap pad (4). S2: Assemble the "L"-shaped tension plate (3) with the back cover assembly (11) to ensure that the side and opening end face of the back cover assembly (11) are tightly fitted with the inner surface of the tension plate (3); S3: Insert the limiting bolt (7) through the limiting hole of the tension plate (3), the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) to ensure that the two are coaxial during the assembly process and prevent the tension plate (3) from shifting. S4: Insert the clamping bolt (8) through the corresponding holes in the tensioning plate (3), the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) for subsequent adjustment of the gap between the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11). It does not need to be fully tightened before assembly. S5: Assemble the gap pad (4) and the tension plate (3). Place the tension plate (3) completely into the slot of the gap pad (4). Insert the bolt M6×20 (5), the locking screw a (2) and the locking bolt b (6) into the corresponding positions of the gap pad (4) respectively to firmly connect the two. After assembly, the left end face of the gap pad (4) must be parallel and tightly fitted with the slot face of the opening end face of the housing (12) to ensure that the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11) remain parallel and coaxially connected during the assembly process, while controlling the gap between the two. S6: After all the components of the assembly gap control device are assembled, fix the dial indicator (1) on the tension plate (3) with the elastic locking clip (10) and the locking screw a (2) to ensure that the measuring rod of the dial indicator (1) can move up and down flexibly. S7: Repeat S2-S6 three times. Three assembly gap control devices are evenly distributed around the circumference of the housing (12) and the rear cover assembly (11). When performing fine assembly, three people need to simultaneously and slowly tighten the clamping bolt (8) so that the left end face of the tension plate (3) is completely in contact with the left end face of the gap pad (4) and no further displacement occurs. At this time, the gap between the rear cover assembly and the housing is controlled by the cooperation of the tension plate (3) and the gap pad (4). During the tightening process, the value pointed to by the dial indicator (1) must be paid attention to at all times. The value is detected by the dial indicator (1) to determine whether the gap size meets the accuracy requirements. S8: After assembly is complete, stop the operation and remove the components of the assembly gap control device in reverse order of assembly to complete the assembly work.

2. The method for controlling the clearance of horizontal assembly of large pressure vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking screw a (2), tensioning plate (3), gap pad (4), bolt M6×20 (5), locking bolt b (6), limit bolt (7), clamping bolt (8), guide positioning pin (9) and elastic locking clip (10) are all made of 30CrMnSiA material.

3. The method for controlling the clearance of horizontal assembly of large pressure vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before detecting the gap size, S6 must first zero the dial indicator so that its pointer points to the "0" mark.

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