Flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC (polyvinyl chloride) floor and manufacturing method thereof
By introducing a PVC composite aluminum layer into the PVC floor, the high thermal conductivity of aluminum is used to conduct heat, reduce the probability of local heat-induced ignition, and prevent the spread of fire sources, solving the problem of high smoke density and toxic gas release during combustion of PVC floor, achieving higher flame retardant capacity and lower combustion probability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411510632.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing PVC floors have high smoke density when burning, release toxic gases, and pose a greater threat to the environment and personal safety. Especially when used on transport tools such as ships and vehicles, how to better retard flame retardant and smoke suppression and reduce the probability of combustion has become an important issue.
The structure is adopted that is stacked up and down in order to combine a fixed PVC fabric layer, a PVC composite aluminum layer and a PVC base layer. The PVC composite aluminum layer includes an aluminum foil layer and a PVC film that combines upper and lower. It conducts heat through the high thermal conductivity of aluminum, reduces the probability of local heat ignition, and prevents the spread of fire sources.
It effectively improves the flame retardant capacity of PVC floors, reduces the combustion probability, reduces the release of smoke toxicity, enhances moisture resistance and deformation resistance, and is suitable for the application of transport tools such as ships and vehicles.
Smart Images
Figure CN119507641A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of PVC flooring, and in particular to a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC flooring and a manufacturing method thereof, which is mainly but not limited to use in transportation vehicles such as ships and vehicles. Background Art
[0002] PVC floor is a floor made of polyvinyl chloride material. Specifically, it is made of polyvinyl chloride and its copolymer resin as the main raw materials, with fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, colorants and other auxiliary materials added. It is produced on a sheet-like continuous substrate through calendering, extrusion or extrusion process. It has the advantages of being light, waterproof, non-slip, antibacterial and mildew-proof, wear-resistant, easy to clean, long service life, good elasticity and convenient construction. It is widely used in indoor floor decoration. PVC floor can be divided into many types, such as coils, sheets, anti-static floors, etc. You can choose the style that suits you according to different needs. In addition, PVC floor is environmentally friendly and usually does not release harmful substances. It is a more environmentally friendly decoration material.
[0003] In actual use, PVC floor is not easy to burn, because the flame retardancy of PVC material itself is relatively high, and it has a certain degree of self-extinguishing property. However, PVC also has disadvantages such as poor thermal stability, high smoke density when burning, and release of hydrogen chloride and other toxic gases, such as dioxin, when burning. The smoke toxicity is very harmful to the environment and personal safety. Among the common general plastics and engineering plastics, PVC is one of the plastics with the largest amount of smoke when burned. If the PVC floor used in ships, vehicles and other means of transportation burns, it will pose a great threat to personnel. Therefore, for PVC floor products used in ships, vehicles and other means of transportation, how to better flame retardant and smoke suppression and further reduce the probability of PVC floor burning is particularly important. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to address the deficiencies in the prior art, and its main purpose is to provide a flame retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor and a method for producing the same. In addition to the flame retardant and smoke-suppressing properties of the original PVC surface layer and PVC base material layer, if a certain local point is heated, the aluminum will quickly conduct the heat over a large area to cool it down, thereby avoiding local combustion due to heat and further reducing the probability of combustion of the PVC floor.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor, comprising a PVC fabric layer, a PVC composite aluminum layer and a PVC base material layer which are stacked and fixed in sequence. The PVC fabric layer is a smoke-suppressing and wear-resistant layer, and the formula of the PVC fabric layer includes PVC, ESBO, calcium zinc stabilizer, and diphenyl isodecyl phosphate; The PVC composite aluminum layer includes an aluminum foil layer and an upper PVC film and a lower PVC film respectively bonded to the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum foil layer; The PVC base material layer is a smoke suppression layer, and the formula of the PVC base material layer includes PVC, ESBO, calcium zinc stabilizer, DOTP, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate or zinc hydroxide stannate; When the PVC fabric layer, the PVC composite aluminum layer and the PVC base material layer are combined and fixed, the upper PVC film is combined and fixed with the PVC fabric layer, and the lower PVC film is combined and fixed with the PVC base material layer.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the upper PVC film is covered with a printing layer, or the bottom surface of the PVC fabric layer is covered with a printing layer, or a printing layer is pressed between the PVC fabric layer and the PVC composite aluminum layer, and the graphics of the printing layer are presented upward through the PVC fabric layer.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the PVC fabric layer is 0.20 to 0.70 mm, the thickness of the PVC base material layer is 1.0 to 2.7 mm, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer, the upper PVC film, and the lower PVC film are all 0.04 to 0.07 mm, and the thickness of the printed layer is 0.05 to 0.08 mm.
[0008] As a preferred solution, the formula of the PVC fabric layer is as follows, by mass percentage: PVC accounts for 74%, ESBO accounts for 2%, calcium zinc stabilizer accounts for 2%, and diphenyl isodecyl phosphate accounts for 22%.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the formula of the PVC base material layer is as follows, by mass percentage: PVC accounts for 23%, ESBO accounts for 0.5%, calcium zinc stabilizer accounts for 0.5%, DOTP accounts for 6.4%, calcium carbonate accounts for 45%, aluminum hydroxide accounts for 23%, and zinc borate or zinc hydroxide stannate accounts for 1.6%.
[0010] As a preferred solution, a UV layer is further provided on the upper surface of the PVC fabric layer.
[0011] As a preferred solution, 600 mesh aluminum hydroxide powder is also added to the coating material of the UV layer, which absorbs heat in two stages when heated above 200°C: the first stage absorbs heat and decomposes to release water molecules, and the second stage absorbs heat and evaporates the water molecules.
[0012] A method for making a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor as described in any of the above items, comprising: step 1, respectively preparing a PVC surface layer, a PVC composite aluminum layer, and a PVC base material layer; wherein the PVC surface layer and the PVC base material layer are respectively obtained by calendering, and the PVC composite aluminum layer is an upper PVC film, an aluminum foil layer, and a lower PVC film stacked up and down in sequence and bonded together by adhesive; Step 2: stack the PVC fabric layer, the PVC composite aluminum layer, and the PVC base material layer in sequence and hot-press and bond them together.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. Specifically, it can be seen from the above technical scheme that it is mainly based on the original PVC surface layer and PVC base material layer being flame retardant and smoke suppressing. Through the setting of the PVC composite aluminum layer, if a local point is heated, the aluminum will quickly conduct the heat over a large area to cool it down, avoiding local heat and ignition, and also blocking the fire source from spreading to the lower structure, thereby improving the flame retardant ability of the PVC floor and further reducing the probability of combustion of the PVC floor. At the same time, the participation of aluminum as a part of the floor interlayer is also conducive to limiting the expansion and contraction rate of the entire floor product, reducing the tendency of shrinkage and thermal expansion with the ambient temperature, and the deformation is smaller. The addition of the PVC composite aluminum layer has better moisture-proof ability, can isolate water vapor, oxygen and ultraviolet rays, and is easy to produce and manufacture, suitable for promotion and application.
[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor after lamination according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor in a decomposed state according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor in a disassembled state according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor in a decomposed state according to the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor after lamination according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor after lamination according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7This is a cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor after pressing according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
[0016] Description of the symbols in the accompanying drawings: PVC fabric layer 10, PVC composite aluminum layer 20, PVC base material layer 30, aluminum foil layer 21, upper PVC film 22, lower PVC film 23, printing layer 40, UV layer 50, PVC printed color film 60. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it shows the specific structure of various embodiments of the present invention, which is mainly but not limited to use on transportation vehicles such as ships and vehicles.
[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0019] A flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor, comprising a PVC fabric layer, a PVC composite aluminum layer and a PVC base material layer which are stacked and fixed in sequence. The PVC fabric layer is a smoke suppression and wear-resistant layer, and the formula of the PVC fabric layer includes PVC (such as PVC S-60), ESBO, calcium zinc stabilizer, and diphenyl isodecyl phosphate (IDDP); preferably, by mass percentage, the formula of the PVC fabric layer is: PVC accounts for 74%, ESBO accounts for 2%, calcium zinc stabilizer accounts for 2%, and diphenyl isodecyl phosphate accounts for 22%. In actual design, the mass percentage can be slightly adjusted, for example: PVC accounts for 70-76%, ESBO accounts for 2%, calcium zinc stabilizer accounts for 2%, and diphenyl isodecyl phosphate accounts for 20-26%. Among them, ESO (ESBO) stands for epoxidized soybean oil, which is a light yellow viscous oily liquid at room temperature. It is a widely used non-toxic plasticizer and stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride. It has good compatibility with PVC resin, low volatility, low migration, excellent thermal stability and light stability, good water resistance and oil resistance, and can give the products good mechanical strength, weather resistance and electrical properties. It is non-toxic and is an internationally recognized chemical process additive for food packaging materials. Calcium zinc stabilizers are usually divided into solid calcium zinc stabilizers and liquid calcium zinc stabilizers. Calcium zinc stabilizers are synthesized from calcium salts, zinc salts, lubricants, antioxidants, etc. as main components. They can not only replace heavy metal stabilizers such as lead cadmium salts and organic tin, but also have quite good thermal stability, light stability, transparency and tinting strength. In PVC resin products, they have good processing performance, and their thermal stability is equivalent to that of lead salt stabilizers. They are a good non-toxic stabilizer. They have good dispersibility, compatibility, processing fluidity, wide adaptability, excellent surface finish, excellent thermal stability, small initial hue, no precipitation, no heavy metals and other toxic components, no sulfide phenomenon, excellent electrical insulation, no impurities, high efficiency weather resistance, strong practicality, and small dosage. Isodecyl diphenyl phosphate is a highly efficient phosphate plasticizer, CAS No.: 29761-21-5, alias: isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, isodecyl diphenyl phosphite, isodecyl diphenyl phosphate. It has self-extinguishing flame retardant properties and is economical and affordable. It is suitable for products that pay special attention to safety, such as decorative furniture, objects in public transportation systems, etc. It has the advantage of low volatility when used as a flame retardant plasticizer in PVC.
[0020] The PVC composite aluminum layer comprises an aluminum foil layer and an upper PVC film and a lower PVC film respectively combined with the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum foil layer.
[0021] The PVC base material layer is a smoke suppression layer. The formula of the PVC base material layer includes PVC (such as model SG-5), ESBO, calcium zinc stabilizer, DOTP, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate (or zinc hydroxide stannate); by mass percentage, the formula of the PVC base material layer is: PVC accounts for 23%, ESBO accounts for 0.5%, calcium zinc stabilizer accounts for 0.5%, DOTP accounts for 6.4%, calcium carbonate accounts for 45%, aluminum hydroxide accounts for 23%, zinc borate or zinc hydroxide stannate accounts for 1.6%. In actual design, the mass percentage can be slightly adjusted, for example: PVC accounts for 22 to 25%, ESBO accounts for 0.5%, calcium zinc stabilizer accounts for 0.5%, DOTP accounts for 6.4%, calcium carbonate accounts for 43 to 45%, aluminum hydroxide accounts for 22 to 24%, zinc borate or zinc hydroxide stannate accounts for 1.6%. The proportion of PVC in the PVC base material layer is relatively small, and a large amount of calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide are added, which is conducive to improving the mechanical properties of the PVC base material layer, achieving good dimensional stability and filling and reinforcement effects, and at the same time, the flame retardant and smoke suppression effect is better. Among them, the DOTP (full name dioctyl terephthalate) refers to dioctyl terephthalate, alias: n-octyl terephthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, CAS number: 4654-26-6, which is a colorless transparent liquid with low volatility and low solubility. It is a high-temperature stable lubricant that can be dissolved in organic solvents. As a plastic additive, in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), it can improve the plasticity and flexibility of PVC, making it easy to process into products of various shapes. DOTP is relatively safe under normal use, but when exposed to high temperature and open flames, DOTP is a combustion-supporting substance. The zinc borate, with the English name of zinc borate and CAS number: 1332-07-6, is a white triclinic crystal or amorphous powder, slightly soluble in water, insoluble in hydrochloric acid, and soluble in hydrochloric acid. Zinc borate is mainly used as an inorganic additive and a non-toxic flame retardant. It can be used as a multifunctional synergistic additive for antimony oxide or other halogen flame retardants, which can effectively improve the flame retardant performance, especially reduce the generation of smoke during combustion, and can adjust the chemical, mechanical, electrical and other properties of rubber and plastic products. The zinc hydroxide stannate, CAS number: 12027-96-2, alias: hydroxy zinc stannate; zinc hydroxide stannate, is a white powder, used as a flame retardant additive and smoke suppressant. The flame retardant antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) widely used in polymers in the prior art has a good flame retardant effect, but it also has the disadvantages of generating a large amount of smoke and being toxic (a Class III carcinogen). Therefore, zinc stannate hydroxide is used to replace the antimony trioxide additive; in addition, zinc stannate CAS No.: 12036-37-2 can also be used, which is used as a flame retardant and smoke suppressant to replace antimony trioxide. It is also an environmentally friendly product with the advantages of being non-toxic, safe and easy to use. Zinc stannate and zinc stannate hydroxide have the same flame retardant properties.
[0022] A method for manufacturing a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor comprises the following steps: Step 1, respectively preparing a PVC surface layer, a PVC composite aluminum layer, and a PVC base material layer; wherein the PVC surface layer and the PVC base material layer are respectively obtained by calendering, and the PVC composite aluminum layer is formed by stacking an upper PVC film, an aluminum foil layer, and a lower PVC film in sequence and gluing them together; Step 2: stack the PVC fabric layer, the PVC composite aluminum layer, and the PVC base material layer in sequence and hot-press and bond them together.
[0023] When the PVC fabric layer, the PVC composite aluminum layer and the PVC base material layer are combined and fixed, the upper PVC film and the PVC fabric layer can be hot-pressed together, and the lower PVC film and the PVC base material layer can also be hot-pressed together, so that all the layers are combined into one.
[0024] Furthermore, the upper surface of the upper PVC film is covered with a printing layer, or the bottom surface of the PVC fabric layer is covered with a printing layer, or a printing layer is pressed between the PVC fabric layer and the PVC composite aluminum layer, and the graphics of the printing layer are presented upward through the PVC fabric layer. The thickness of the PVC fabric layer is 0.2 to 0.7 mm, the thickness of the PVC base material layer is 1.0 to 2.7 mm, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer, the upper PVC film, and the lower PVC film are all 0.04 to .07 mm, and the thickness of the printing layer is 0.05 to 0.08 mm.
[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it shows the specific structure of embodiment 1.
[0026] A flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing PVC floor, comprising a PVC fabric layer 10, a PVC composite aluminum layer 20 and a PVC base material layer 30 which are stacked and fixed in sequence; the PVC composite aluminum layer 20 comprises an aluminum foil layer 21 and an upper PVC film 22 and a lower PVC film 23 respectively bonded to the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum foil layer 21; the PVC composite aluminum layer 20, its aluminum foil layer 21 and the upper PVC film 22 and the lower PVC film 23 located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum foil layer 21 are bonded together by adhesive, which can adopt epoxy adhesive, UV adhesive or quick-drying adhesive (α-cyanoacrylate) and the like.
[0027] When the PVC fabric layer 10, the PVC composite aluminum layer 20 and the PVC base material layer 30 are combined and fixed, the upper PVC film 22 and the PVC fabric layer 10 can be hot-pressed together, and the lower PVC film 23 and the PVC base material layer 30 can also be hot-pressed together. The bottom surface of the PVC fabric layer 10 is covered with a printing layer 40; the graphics of the printing layer 40 are presented upward through the PVC fabric layer 10. Preferably, the PVC fabric layer 10 is a smoke-suppressing and wear-resistant PVC layer, and the PVC base material layer 30 is a smoke-suppressing PVC layer. In actual design, PVC accounts for a certain proportion and other ingredients can be added as needed. PVC flooring is made of polyvinyl chloride and its copolymer resin as the main raw materials, and fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, colorants and other auxiliary materials are added. The respective formulas in the industry are different. The thickness of the PVC fabric layer 10 is 0.5 to 0.7 mm, the thickness of the PVC base material layer 30 is 1.0 to 2.7 mm, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer 21, the upper PVC film 22, and the lower PVC film 23 are all 0.04 to 0.07 mm, preferably, all of which are 0.05 mm thick, and the thickness of the printing layer 40 is 0.05 to 0.08 mm. During production, the bottom surface of the PVC fabric layer 10 is covered with the printing layer 40, and then the PVC fabric layer 10, the PVC composite aluminum layer 20 and the PVC base material layer 30 are hot-pressed and fixed into one body.
[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, it shows the specific structure of the second embodiment.
[0029] The basic structure of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the main difference is that the upper surface of the upper PVC film 22 of the second embodiment is covered with a printing layer 40, and the graphics of the printing layer 40 are presented upward through the PVC fabric layer 10. During production, the upper surface of the PVC composite aluminum layer 20 is covered with a printing layer 40, and then the PVC fabric layer 10, the PVC composite aluminum layer 20 and the PVC base material layer 30 are hot-pressed and fixed into one body.
[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, it shows the specific structure of embodiment three.
[0031] The basic structure of the third embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the main difference is that the third embodiment is provided with a color film separately, that is, it also includes a PVC printed color film 60; the PVC printed color film 60 is provided between the PVC fabric layer 10 and the PVC composite aluminum layer 20. During production, the PVC fabric layer 10, the PVC printed color film, the PVC composite aluminum layer 20 and the PVC base material layer 30 are hot-pressed and fixed into one body.
[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, it shows the specific structure of the fourth embodiment.
[0033] The basic structure of the fourth embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the main difference is that there is no printing layer 40 or PVC printed color film 60 between the PVC fabric layer 10 and the PVC composite aluminum layer 20 of the PVC floor in the fourth embodiment.
[0034] In other embodiments, during actual design, the printed layer 40 or the PVC printed color film 60 may also be disposed on the upper surface of the PVC fabric layer 10 .
[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, it shows the specific structure of the fifth embodiment.
[0036] Compared with the fourth embodiment, the upper surface of the PVC fabric layer 10 of the fifth embodiment is further provided with a UV layer 50. The provision of the UV layer 50 can improve the floor's anti-fouling, antibacterial, wear-resistant and scratch-resistant properties, and can deglaze to a specific gloss range, while delaying the problem of ultraviolet rays under sunlight causing the printed layer 40 to fade or change color, so that the floor can last longer and be as bright as new, and can also improve the performance of the wear-resistant layer and increase the service life of the PVC floor.
[0037] like Figure 7 As shown, it shows the specific structure of Example 6.
[0038] Compared with the first embodiment, the upper surface of the PVC fabric layer 10 of the sixth embodiment is further provided with a UV layer 50. In addition to the anti-fouling, antibacterial, wear-resistant and scratch-resistant functions, 600 mesh aluminum hydroxide powder can be added to the coating, which absorbs heat in two stages when heated to over 200°C: the first stage absorbs heat and decomposes to release water molecules, and the second stage absorbs heat and evaporates water molecules. The absorption of heat can reduce the temperature and improve the surface flame retardancy.
[0039] The design focus of the present invention is that, based on the flame retardant and smoke suppressing properties of the original PVC surface layer and the PVC base material layer, the PVC composite aluminum layer 20 is provided. If a local point is heated, the aluminum will quickly conduct the heat over a large area to cool it down, thereby avoiding local combustion caused by heat and blocking the spread of the fire source to the lower structure, thereby improving the flame retardant ability of the PVC floor and further reducing the probability of combustion of the PVC floor. At the same time, with the addition of the PVC composite aluminum layer 20, the aluminum material is used as a part of the floor interlayer, and its expansion and contraction rate after the finished product is relatively small, which is beneficial to limiting the tendency of the entire floor product to shrink and expand with the ambient temperature, with a smaller deformation, a certain shielding effect, and better moisture-proof ability, which can isolate water vapor, oxygen and ultraviolet rays, and is easy to produce and manufacture, suitable for promotion and application.
[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any slight modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. A flame retardant and smoke suppressing PVC floor, characterized in that: It includes a PVC fabric layer, a PVC composite aluminum layer and a PVC base material layer which are stacked and fixed in sequence. The PVC fabric layer is a smoke-suppressing and wear-resistant layer, and the formula of the PVC fabric layer includes PVC, ESBO, calcium zinc stabilizer, and diphenyl isodecyl phosphate; The PVC composite aluminum layer includes an aluminum foil layer and an upper PVC film and a lower PVC film respectively bonded to the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum foil layer; The PVC base material layer is a smoke suppression layer, and the formula of the PVC base material layer includes PVC, ESBO, calcium zinc stabilizer, DOTP, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate or zinc hydroxide stannate; When the PVC fabric layer, the PVC composite aluminum layer and the PVC base material layer are combined and fixed, the upper PVC film is combined and fixed with the PVC fabric layer, and the lower PVC film is combined and fixed with the PVC base material layer.
2. The flame retardant and smoke suppressing PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the upper PVC film is covered with a printing layer, or the bottom surface of the PVC fabric layer is covered with a printing layer, or a printing layer is pressed between the PVC fabric layer and the PVC composite aluminum layer, and the graphics of the printing layer are presented upward through the PVC fabric layer.
3. The flame retardant and smoke suppressing PVC floor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the PVC fabric layer is 0.20 to 0.70 mm, the thickness of the PVC base material layer is 1.0 to 2.7 mm, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer, the upper PVC film, and the lower PVC film are all 0.04 to 0.07 mm, and the thickness of the printing layer is 0.05 to 0.08 mm.
4. The flame retardant and smoke suppressing PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the mass percentage, the formula of the PVC fabric layer is as follows: PVC accounts for 74%, ESBO accounts for 2%, calcium zinc stabilizer accounts for 2%, and diphenyl isodecyl phosphate accounts for 22%.
5. The flame retardant and smoke suppressing PVC floor according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: According to the mass percentage, the formula of the PVC base material layer is as follows: PVC accounts for 23%, ESBO accounts for 0.5%, calcium zinc stabilizer accounts for 0.5%, DOTP accounts for 6.4%, calcium carbonate accounts for 45%, aluminum hydroxide accounts for 23%, and zinc borate or zinc hydroxide stannate accounts for 1.6%.
6. The flame retardant and smoke suppressing PVC floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the PVC fabric layer is also provided with a UV layer.
7. The flame retardant and smoke suppressing PVC floor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coating material of the UV layer is also added with 600 mesh aluminum hydroxide powder, which absorbs heat in two stages when heated to over 200°C: the first stage absorbs heat and decomposes to release water molecules, and the second stage absorbs heat and evaporates the water molecules.
8. A method for manufacturing a flame retardant and smoke suppressing PVC floor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Included are: Step 1, respectively preparing a PVC surface layer, a PVC composite aluminum layer, and a PVC base material layer; wherein the PVC surface layer and the PVC base material layer are respectively obtained by calendering, and the PVC composite aluminum layer is formed by stacking an upper PVC film, an aluminum foil layer, and a lower PVC film in sequence and bonding them together; Step 2: stack the PVC fabric layer, the PVC composite aluminum layer, and the PVC base material layer in sequence and hot-press and bond them together.