A method and device for evaluating the damage of acid rain to lime-improved loess

Abstract

A method and device for assessing the damage caused by acid rain to lime-improved loess soil. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining in-situ improved soil and in-situ loess, performing layered processing, and conducting testing; comparing various test data of the in-situ improved soil and in-situ loess with various test data of the initial improved soil and initial loess to determine the degree of deterioration of the in-situ improved soil; constructing a model test box based on actual slope conditions, sequentially filling the model test box with an in-situ loess slope and an in-situ improved soil slope to simulate slope failure under acidic conditions; obtaining the in-situ improved soil slope and in-situ loess slope, performing layered processing, and conducting testing; comparing various test data of the in-situ improved soil slope and in-situ loess slope with various test data of the initial improved soil and initial loess to determine the degree of deterioration of the in-situ improved soil slope. This design not only provides highly reliable and accurate assessment results, but also is easy to operate and has low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of acid deterioration of lime-improved loess, and in particular to a method and device for evaluating the damage of acid rain to lime-improved loess. Background Art

[0002] Loess is primarily a sediment formed by wind and water transport and accumulation. It typically appears grayish-yellow to reddish-yellow and is characterized by high porosity, strong structure, well-developed vertical joints, and collapsibility. The Loess Plateau has a complex geological environment, significantly influenced by the geographical environment and climate, and is prone to geological disasters such as landslides, earthquakes, and debris flows. With the increasing number of engineering construction projects, loess in most areas needs to be improved and solidified to meet the needs of engineering construction. Lime improvement technology has been widely used to address the problem of loess collapsibility, bringing significant improvements and advantages to engineering construction in loess areas. Loess often poses challenges in engineering due to its unique collapsibility, but the introduction of lime improvement technology has effectively solved this problem and achieved significant improvements in many aspects to better meet the actual needs of engineering projects.

[0003] However, rapid industrial development has also damaged the natural environment to a certain extent, leading to frequent acid rain disasters. Acid rain is acidic, while lime-amended loess is alkaline, and the two easily neutralize each other. Since acid rain is primarily sulfuric acid, it easily reacts with lime-amended soil to form calcium sulfate. Therefore, the interaction between the two is complex, making it difficult to accurately assess the extent to which lime-amended loess contributes to acid degradation in acid rain. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects and problems of the prior art in that lime-improved loess has a poor evaluation effect on acid rain degradation, and to provide a method and device for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-improved loess with good evaluation effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-improved loess, the evaluation method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain in-situ improved soil used for fill reinforcement that has been damaged by acid rain and in-situ loess that has been degraded by acidity, perform layered processing, and make reshaped samples of the in-situ improved soil and in-situ loess between each layer and conduct testing;

[0007] Compare the test data of in-situ improved soil used for fill reinforcement that has been damaged by acid rain and in-situ loess that has been degraded by acidity with the test data of initial improved soil and initial loess that have not been affected by acid rain to determine the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain;

[0008] A model test box was constructed based on the actual working conditions of the slope. The in-situ loess slope and the in-situ improved soil slope were sequentially filled into the model test box to simulate the slope damage caused by acid rain. The in-situ improved soil slope and the in-situ loess slope that had been damaged by acid rain were obtained and layered according to the sliding zone. The in-situ improved soil slope and the in-situ loess slope between each layer were made into reshaped samples and tested;

[0009] Compare the test data of the in-situ improved soil slope that has been damaged by acid rain and the in-situ loess slope that has been deteriorated by acidity with the test data of the initial improved soil and initial loess that have not been affected by acid rain to determine the degree of deterioration of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain.

[0010] The specific steps of determining the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain are as follows:

[0011] Quantitatively change the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of in-situ improved soil , quantitatively change the physical properties of the in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of the in-situ improved soil , quantitatively change the chemical properties of the in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of the in-situ improved soil , and determine the in-situ improved soil mechanical properties test influence coefficient based on the final settlement , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient , and calculate the evaluation coefficient of the degradation degree of in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain ;

[0012] Influence coefficient of mechanical property test of in-situ improved soil , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0013] ;

[0014] ;

[0015] ;

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] ;

[0019] in, To evaluate the parameters for the mechanical properties testing of in-situ improved soil, To test and evaluate parameters for in-situ soil physical properties, To test and evaluate parameters for in situ soil chemical modification;

[0020] Evaluation coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0021] ;

[0022] when >1, it means that the improvement effect of the in-situ improved soil is enhanced by acid rain disturbance;

[0023] When 2 / 3< <1, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been slightly deteriorated by acidity;

[0024] When 1 / 3< <2 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been moderately acidic deteriorated;

[0025] When 0< <1 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been severely acidic deteriorated;

[0026] when <0, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been deteriorated by acidity and its comprehensive properties are lower than those of the in-situ loess.

[0027] Mechanical properties test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil The specific formula is:

[0028] ;

[0029] ;

[0030] ;

[0031] ;

[0032] ;

[0033] in, 、 、 Represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 represent the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 are the collapsibility coefficients of the in-situ loess layers, represents the cohesion of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the cohesion measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured in the initial loess experiment, 、 、 Respectively represent the cohesion influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 Respectively represent the influencing factors of the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of shear strength of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the compression properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the compression property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the mechanical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

[0034] Physical property test evaluation parameters of the in situ improved soil The specific formula is:

[0035] ;

[0036] ;

[0037] ;

[0038] ;

[0039] ;

[0040] in, 、 、 are the dry densities of the in-situ loess layers, 、 、 represent the void ratio of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 Represent the plasticity index of each layer of in-situ loess, represents the dry density of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the plasticity index obtained from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the dry density measured by the initial loess experiment, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the plasticity index measured from the initial loess experiment, 、 、 Respectively represent the dry density influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the porosity influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Indicates the plasticity index influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the physical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

[0041] Chemical property test evaluation parameters of the in situ improved soil The specific formula is:

[0042] ;

[0043] ;

[0044] ;

[0045] ;

[0046] ;

[0047] in, 、 、 Represents the pH value of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial improved soil experiment, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial loess experiment, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates that each layer of in-situ improved soil has good chemical properties in the test The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the main ion concentration of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the chemical property test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil in chemical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

[0048] The specific steps for determining the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain are as follows:

[0049] Quantitatively change the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil slopes and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of in-situ improved soil slopes , quantitatively change the physical properties of the in-situ improved soil slope and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope , quantitatively change the chemical properties of the in-situ improved soil slope and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope , and determine the mechanical property test influence coefficient of in-situ improved soil slope based on the ultimate bearing capacity , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient , and calculate the evaluation coefficient of the deterioration degree of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain ;

[0050] Influence coefficient of mechanical property test of in-situ improved soil slope , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0051] ;

[0052] ;

[0053] ;

[0054] ;

[0055] ;

[0056] ;

[0057] in, To evaluate the parameters for testing the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil slopes, To evaluate parameters for in-situ soil slope physical property testing, Evaluate parameters for in-situ soil slope chemical testing;

[0058] Evaluation coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0059] ;

[0060] when >1, it means that the improvement effect of the in-situ improved soil slope has been enhanced due to acid rain disturbance;

[0061] When 2 / 3< <1, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been slightly deteriorated by acidity;

[0062] When 1 / 3< <2 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been moderately deteriorated by acidity;

[0063] When 0< <1 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been severely acidic deteriorated;

[0064] when <0, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been deteriorated by acidity and its comprehensive properties are lower than those of the in-situ loess slope.

[0065] Mechanical properties test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is:

[0066] ;

[0067] ;

[0068] ;

[0069] ;

[0070] ;

[0071] in, 、 、 Respectively represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ loess slope, 、 、 represent the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ loess slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the collapsibility coefficient of each layer of in-situ loess slope, represents the cohesion of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured from the initial improved soil experiment, 、 、 They represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 They represent the internal friction angles of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 They represent the collapsibility coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 It represents the cohesion influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of shear strength of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the shear strength test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the compression properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the compression property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the mechanical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

[0072] Physical property test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is:

[0073] ;

[0074] ;

[0075] ;

[0076] ;

[0077] ;

[0078] in, 、 、 Represents the dry density of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 are the void ratios of the in-situ improved soil slope layers, 、 、 Represents the plasticity index of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, represents the dry density of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the plasticity index obtained from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the dry density measured by the initial loess experiment, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the plasticity index measured from the initial loess experiment, 、 、 They represent the dry density influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 They represent the void ratio influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 Indicates the plasticity index influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the physical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

[0079] Chemical property test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is:

[0080] ;

[0081] ;

[0082] ;

[0083] ;

[0084] ;

[0085] in, 、 、 Respectively represent the pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial improved soil experiment, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial loess experiment, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates that the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope are tested The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the main ion concentration of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the chemical property test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the chemical property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

[0086] A device for assessing the effects of acid rain on lime-modified loess soil, the device being applied to a method for assessing the effects of acid rain on lime-modified loess soil. The device comprises a model test box, the model test box being filled with an in-situ loess slope and an improved loess slope in sequence from bottom to top, a cavity being provided between the improved loess slope and the model test box, a rainwater outlet being provided on one side of the model test box and communicating with the cavity, a plurality of measuring points being arranged on the upper side of the improved loess slope, a laser displacement sensor being provided on the top of the model test box corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of measuring points, a rainfall simulator being installed on the top of the model test box, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe being provided on the bottom of the model test box, a groundwater level detector being provided on the inner side of the model test box, and a temperature controller being provided on the outer side of the model test box;

[0087] The rainfall simulator is used to simulate acid rain precipitation under different conditions;

[0088] The measuring points are used to detect various data of the improved loess slope;

[0089] The laser displacement sensor is used to detect the height of the improved loess slope at the measuring point before and after rainfall.

[0090] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0091] 1. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for assessing the effects of acid rain on lime-modified loess. By comprehensively considering the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the modified loess, the assessment results are more reliable. Furthermore, two assessment schemes are provided for different working conditions: modified loess used for fill reinforcement and modified loess slopes used to improve slope stability. This increases the accuracy of the assessment results. Consequently, the present invention provides highly reliable and accurate assessment results.

[0092] 2. In the present invention's method and apparatus for assessing the effects of acid rain on lime-modified loess, the reliability of the data further increases by using a simulated experimental chamber for testing. Furthermore, each test is easy to perform and relatively inexpensive. Furthermore, the specific correlation coefficients of each layer of remolded samples in the mechanical, physical, and chemical property tests are all relevant to actual engineering practice, further enhancing the reliability of the assessment results. Therefore, the assessment results of the present invention are highly reliable and accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0093] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-improved loess.

[0094] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a device for evaluating the damage of acid rain to lime-improved loess.

[0095] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature controller in the present invention.

[0096] In the figure: model experiment box 1, in-situ loess slope 2, improved loess slope 3, cavity 4, rainwater outlet 5, measuring point 6, laser displacement sensor 7, rainfall simulator 8, water inlet pipe 9, water outlet pipe 10, groundwater level detector 11, temperature controller 12, temperature detector 13, control switch 14, flow rate controller 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0097] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Example

[0098] See also Figure 1 A method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-modified loess soil comprises the following steps:

[0099] Obtain in-situ improved soil used for fill reinforcement that has been damaged by acid rain and in-situ loess that has been degraded by acidity, perform layered processing, and make reshaped samples of the in-situ improved soil and in-situ loess between each layer and conduct testing;

[0100] Compare the test data of in-situ improved soil used for fill reinforcement that has been damaged by acid rain and in-situ loess that has been degraded by acidity with the test data of initial improved soil and initial loess that have not been affected by acid rain to determine the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain;

[0101] A model test box was constructed based on the actual working conditions of the slope. The in-situ loess slope and the in-situ improved soil slope were sequentially filled into the model test box to simulate the slope damage caused by acid rain. The in-situ improved soil slope and the in-situ loess slope that had been damaged by acid rain were obtained and layered according to the sliding zone. The in-situ improved soil slope and the in-situ loess slope between each layer were made into reshaped samples and tested;

[0102] Compare the test data of the in-situ improved soil slope that has been damaged by acid rain and the in-situ loess slope that has been deteriorated by acidity with the test data of the initial improved soil and initial loess that have not been affected by acid rain to determine the degree of deterioration of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain.

[0103] The specific steps of determining the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain are as follows:

[0104] Quantitatively change the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of in-situ improved soil , quantitatively change the physical properties of the in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of the in-situ improved soil , quantitatively change the chemical properties of the in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of the in-situ improved soil , and determine the in-situ improved soil mechanical properties test influence coefficient based on the final settlement , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient , and calculate the evaluation coefficient of the degradation degree of in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain ;

[0105] Influence coefficient of mechanical property test of in-situ improved soil , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0106] ;

[0107] ;

[0108] ;

[0109] ;

[0110] ;

[0111] ;

[0112] in, To evaluate the parameters for the mechanical properties testing of in-situ improved soil, To test and evaluate parameters for in-situ soil physical properties, To test and evaluate parameters for in situ soil chemical modification;

[0113] Evaluation coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0114] ;

[0115] when >1, it means that the improvement effect of the in-situ improved soil is enhanced by acid rain disturbance;

[0116] When 2 / 3< <1, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been slightly deteriorated by acidity;

[0117] When 1 / 3< <2 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been moderately acidic deteriorated;

[0118] When 0< <1 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been severely acidic deteriorated;

[0119] when <0, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been deteriorated by acidity and its comprehensive properties are lower than those of the in-situ loess;

[0120] The specific steps for determining the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain are as follows:

[0121] Quantitatively change the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil slopes and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of in-situ improved soil slopes , quantitatively change the physical properties of the in-situ improved soil slope and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope , quantitatively change the chemical properties of the in-situ improved soil slope and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope , and determine the mechanical property test influence coefficient of in-situ improved soil slope based on the ultimate bearing capacity , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient , and calculate the evaluation coefficient of the deterioration degree of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain ;

[0122] Influence coefficient of mechanical property test of in-situ improved soil slope , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0123] ;

[0124] ;

[0125] ;

[0126] ;

[0127] ;

[0128] ;

[0129] in, To evaluate the parameters for testing the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil slopes, To evaluate parameters for in-situ soil slope physical property testing, Evaluate parameters for in-situ soil slope chemical testing;

[0130] Evaluation coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0131] ;

[0132] when >1, it means that the improvement effect of the in-situ improved soil slope has been enhanced due to acid rain disturbance;

[0133] When 2 / 3< <1, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been slightly deteriorated by acidity;

[0134] When 1 / 3< <2 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been moderately deteriorated by acidity;

[0135] When 0< <1 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been severely acidic deteriorated;

[0136] when <0, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been deteriorated by acidity and its comprehensive properties are lower than those of the in-situ loess slope.

[0137] In this embodiment, for the improved soil used for fill reinforcement that has been damaged by acid rain, the soil drilling method is used to obtain core soil, which is processed in multiple layers according to needs and it is assumed that the changes in various related properties in each layer are proportional to the changes in final settlement. This article takes three layers as an example for analysis and marks them as shallow, middle and deep layers respectively; for the improved soil used to improve slope stability that has been damaged by acid rain, the soil layers above the sliding zone, the sliding zone and below the sliding zone are respectively taken to make reshaped samples to study the properties of each item (it can be processed in multiple layers according to needs and it is assumed that the changes in related properties in each layer are proportional to the changes in the ultimate bearing capacity of the slope. This article treats it as three layers), and then the in-situ loess slope after acid deterioration is taken and the soil drilling method is used to obtain core soil, which is proportionally enlarged according to the model test results and divided into three layers, marked as the upper sliding zone layer, the sliding zone layer and the lower sliding zone layer.

[0138] Example 2:

[0139] The basic content is the same as Example 1, except that:

[0140] Mechanical properties test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil The specific formula is:

[0141] ;

[0142] ;

[0143] ;

[0144] ;

[0145] ;

[0146] in, 、 、 Represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 represent the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 are the collapsibility coefficients of the in-situ loess layers, represents the cohesion of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the cohesion measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured in the initial loess experiment, 、 、 Respectively represent the cohesion influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 Respectively represent the influencing factors of the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of shear strength of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the compression properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the compression property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the mechanical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

[0147] In this embodiment, since the backfill reinforcement is to solve the settlement problem, the settlement of each layer of soil can be calculated and superimposed according to the basic assumption of the layered summation method, so the influence coefficient of each layer of soil is equal, that is, , shear strength test and compression property test were carried out on the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil, including , , , , , , 、 、 and 、 、 The method to determine is:

[0148] Quantitatively change the cohesion of in-situ improved soil in shallow soil Then observe the final settlement , quantitatively changing the internal friction angle of in-situ improved soil Then observe the final settlement , the cohesion influence coefficient in shear strength and the internal friction angle influence coefficient on shear strength They are:

[0149] ;

[0150] ;

[0151] ;

[0152] ;

[0153] 、 and 、 The method of determining is the same as above;

[0154] in, 、 、 and 、 、 The method to determine is:

[0155] Quantitatively change the shear strength of in-situ improved soil in shallow soil (i.e., changing the cohesion at the same time according to the above ratio and internal friction angle Then observe the final settlement , quantitatively change the collapsibility coefficient Then observe the final settlement , the influence coefficient of shear strength in mechanical property test and the influence coefficient of compression properties in mechanical property tests for:

[0156] ;

[0157] ;

[0158] ;

[0159] ;

[0160] 、 and 、 The method of determining is the same as above.

[0161] Example 3:

[0162] The basic content is the same as Example 1, except that:

[0163] Physical property test evaluation parameters of the in situ improved soil The specific formula is:

[0164] ;

[0165] ;

[0166] ;

[0167] ;

[0168] ;

[0169] in, 、 、 are the dry densities of the in-situ loess layers, 、 、 represent the void ratio of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 Represent the plasticity index of each layer of in-situ loess, represents the dry density of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the plasticity index obtained from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the dry density measured by the initial loess experiment, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the plasticity index measured from the initial loess experiment, 、 、 Respectively represent the dry density influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the porosity influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Indicates the plasticity index influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the physical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

[0170] In this embodiment, the physical properties of the in-situ improved soil were tested for dry density, void ratio and plasticity index. 、 、 , 、 、 、 、 、 and 、 、 The method for determining is:

[0171] Quantitatively change the dry density of soil samples in shallow soil Then observe the final settlement , quantitatively change the porosity of the soil sample Then observe the final settlement , quantitatively change the plasticity index of the soil sample Then observe the final settlement , dry density influence coefficient in physical property test , porosity ratio influence coefficient , Plasticity index influence coefficient They are:

[0172] ;

[0173] ;

[0174] ;

[0175] ;

[0176] ;

[0177] ;

[0178] 、 、 、 、 、 The method of determining is the same as above.

[0179] Example 4:

[0180] The basic content is the same as Example 1, except that:

[0181] Chemical property test evaluation parameters of the in situ improved soil The specific formula is:

[0182] ;

[0183] ;

[0184] ;

[0185] ;

[0186] ;

[0187] in, 、 、 Represents the pH value of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial improved soil experiment, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial loess experiment, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates that each layer of in-situ improved soil has good chemical properties in the test The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the main ion concentration of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the chemical property test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil in chemical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

[0188] In this embodiment, pH test and main ion concentration test were carried out for the chemical properties of the in-situ improved soil. 、 、 ,in , , , , , , 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 The method to determine is:

[0189] Quantitatively change the soil sample Ion concentration Then observe the final settlement , quantitatively change the soil sample Ion concentration Then observe the final settlement , quantitatively change the soil sample Ion concentration Then observe the final settlement , in the main ion concentration test 、 、 The influence coefficients are:

[0190] ;

[0191] ;

[0192] ;

[0193] ;

[0194] ;

[0195] ;

[0196] 、 、 、 、 、 The method of determining is the same as above;

[0197] in, 、 、 and 、 、 The method for determining is:

[0198] Quantitatively change the pH value of in-situ improved soil Then observe the final settlement , quantitatively changing the main ion concentration of soil samples (i.e., change the above ratios simultaneously 、 、 ion concentration) and then observe the final sedimentation , the influence coefficient of pH value in chemical property test and the influence coefficients of the main ion concentrations They are:

[0199] ;

[0200] ;

[0201] ;

[0202] ;

[0203] 、 and 、 The method of determining is the same as above.

[0204] Example 5:

[0205] The basic content is the same as Example 1, except that:

[0206] Mechanical properties test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is:

[0207] ;

[0208] ;

[0209] ;

[0210] ;

[0211] ;

[0212] in, 、 、 Respectively represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ loess slope, 、 、 represent the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ loess slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the collapsibility coefficient of each layer of in-situ loess slope, represents the cohesion of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured from the initial improved soil experiment, 、 、 They represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 They represent the internal friction angles of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 They represent the collapsibility coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 It represents the cohesion influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of shear strength of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the shear strength test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the compression properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the compression property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the mechanical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

[0213] In this embodiment, 、 、 The method for determining is:

[0214] Quantitatively change all relevant properties of the reshaped soil sample above the sliding zone (i.e., changing the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties simultaneously according to the ratios described below) and then observing the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope , quantitatively change all relevant properties of the sliding zone soil sample (i.e., changing the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties simultaneously according to the ratios described below) and then observing the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope , quantitatively changing all relevant properties of the soil samples under the sliding zone (i.e., changing the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties simultaneously according to the ratios described below) and then observing the ultimate bearing capacity of the slope of the in-situ improved image , then the influence coefficient of the upper soil in the sliding zone is , influence coefficient of upper soil in sliding zone , influence coefficient of lower soil in sliding zone They are:

[0215] ;

[0216] ;

[0217] ;

[0218] ;

[0219] ;

[0220] ;

[0221] Shear strength test and compression property test were carried out on the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil slope, among which, , , , , , , quantitatively changing the cohesion in the upper soil of the sliding zone Afterwards, the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope was observed , quantitatively change the internal friction angle Then observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the slope , quantitatively changing the shear strength (i.e., changing the cohesion at the same time according to the above ratio and internal friction angle Then observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the slope , quantitatively change the collapsibility coefficient Then observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the slope , 、 、 、 The method for determining is:

[0222] ;

[0223] ;

[0224] ;

[0225] ;

[0226] ;

[0227] ;

[0228] ;

[0229] ;

[0230] 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 The method of determining is the same as above.

[0231] Example 6:

[0232] The basic content is the same as Example 1, except that:

[0233] Physical property test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is:

[0234] ;

[0235] ;

[0236] ;

[0237] ;

[0238] ;

[0239] in, 、 、 Represents the dry density of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 are the void ratios of the in-situ improved soil slope layers, 、 、 Represents the plasticity index of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, represents the dry density of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the plasticity index obtained from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the dry density measured by the initial loess experiment, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the plasticity index measured from the initial loess experiment, 、 、 They represent the dry density influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 They represent the void ratio influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 Indicates the plasticity index influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the physical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

[0240] In this embodiment, the physical properties of the in-situ improved soil slope are tested for dry density, void ratio and plasticity index, among which: , , , quantitatively change the dry density of the soil sample Afterwards, the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope was observed , quantitatively change the porosity of the soil sample Then observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the slope , quantitatively change the plasticity index of the soil sample Then observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the slope , 、 、 The methods for determining are:

[0241] ;

[0242] ;

[0243] ;

[0244] ;

[0245] ;

[0246] ;

[0247] 、 、 、 、 、 The method of determining is the same as above.

[0248] Example 7:

[0249] The basic content is the same as Example 1, except that:

[0250] Chemical property test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is:

[0251] ;

[0252] ;

[0253] ;

[0254] ;

[0255] ;

[0256] in, 、 、 Respectively represent the pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial improved soil experiment, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial loess experiment, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates that the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope are tested The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the main ion concentration of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the chemical property test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the chemical property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

[0257] In this embodiment, pH test and main ion concentration test were carried out for the chemical properties of the in-situ improved soil slope. 、 、 ,in , , , , , , quantitatively change the soil sample Ion concentration Afterwards, observe the ultimate bearing capacity , quantitatively change the soil sample Ion concentration Afterwards, observe the ultimate bearing capacity , quantitatively changing the soil sample Ion concentration Afterwards, observe the ultimate bearing capacity , in the main ion concentration test 、 、 They are:

[0258] ;

[0259] ;

[0260] ;

[0261] ;

[0262] ;

[0263] ;

[0264] 、 、 、 、 、 The method of determining is the same as above;

[0265] Quantitatively change the pH value of in-situ improved soil Afterwards, observe the ultimate bearing capacity , quantitatively changing the main ion concentration of soil samples (i.e., change the above ratios simultaneously 、 、 The ultimate bearing capacity was observed after the ion concentration , the influence coefficient of pH value in chemical property test and major ion concentrations The influence coefficients are:

[0266]

[0267] ;

[0268] ;

[0269] ;

[0270] 、 and 、 The method of determining is the same as above.

[0271] Example 8:

[0272] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a device for evaluating the damage of acid rain to lime-improved loess, the device is applied to the method for evaluating the damage of acid rain to lime-improved loess in Example 1, the device comprising a model test box 1, the model test box 1 being filled with an in-situ loess slope 2 and an improved loess slope 3 from bottom to top, a cavity 4 being provided between the improved loess slope 3 and the model test box 1, a rainwater outlet 5 communicating with the cavity 4 being provided on one side of the model test box 1, a plurality of measuring points 6 being arranged on the upper side of the improved loess slope 3, a laser displacement sensor 7 corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of measuring points 6 being provided on the top of the model test box 1, a rainfall simulator 8 being installed on the top of the model test box 1, an inlet pipe 9 and an outlet pipe 10 being provided at the bottom of the model test box 1, a groundwater level detector 11 being provided on the inner side of the model test box 1, and a temperature controller 12 being provided on the outer side of the model test box 1;

[0273] The rainfall simulator 8 is used to simulate acid rain precipitation under different conditions;

[0274] The measuring point 6 is used to detect various data of the improved loess slope 3;

[0275] The laser displacement sensor 7 is used to detect the height of the improved loess slope 3 at the measuring point 6 before and after rainfall.

[0276] In this embodiment, a temperature detector 13 is provided on the inner side of the model test box 1 for detecting the temperature inside the model test box 1. The temperature controller 12 is set as a pipe running through the outer wall of the model test box 1. The temperature inside the model test box 1 is controlled by injecting water of different temperatures into the pipe. The water inlet pipe 9 and the water outlet pipe 10 simulate different groundwater levels through the control switch 14 in combination with the groundwater level detector 11. The rainfall simulator 8 controls the water flow rate through the flow rate controller 15 to simulate precipitation under different conditions. The above design can simulate soil layers in special areas.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the damage caused by acid rain to lime-amended loess, characterized by: The evaluation method comprises the following steps: Obtain in-situ improved soil used for fill reinforcement that has been damaged by acid rain and in-situ loess that has been degraded by acidity, perform layered processing, and make reshaped samples of the in-situ improved soil and in-situ loess between each layer and conduct testing; Compare the test data of in-situ improved soil used for fill reinforcement that has been damaged by acid rain and in-situ loess that has been degraded by acidity with the test data of initial improved soil and initial loess that have not been affected by acid rain to determine the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain; A model test box was constructed based on the actual working conditions of the slope. The in-situ loess slope and the in-situ improved soil slope were sequentially filled into the model test box to simulate the slope damage caused by acid rain. The in-situ improved soil slope and the in-situ loess slope that had been damaged by acid rain were obtained and layered according to the sliding zone. The in-situ improved soil slope and the in-situ loess slope between each layer were made into reshaped samples and tested; Compare the test data of the in-situ improved soil slope that has been damaged by acid rain and the in-situ loess slope that has been deteriorated by acidity with the test data of the initial improved soil and initial loess that have not been affected by acid rain to determine the degree of deterioration of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain. The specific steps of determining the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain are as follows: Quantitatively change the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of in-situ improved soil , quantitatively change the physical properties of the in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of the in-situ improved soil , quantitatively change the chemical properties of the in-situ improved soil and observe the final settlement of the in-situ improved soil , and determine the in-situ improved soil mechanical properties test influence coefficient based on the final settlement , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient , and calculate the evaluation coefficient of the degradation degree of in-situ improved soil under the action of acid rain ; Influence coefficient of mechanical property test of in-situ improved soil , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient The calculation formula is as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； in, To evaluate the parameters for the mechanical properties testing of in-situ improved soil, To test and evaluate parameters for in-situ soil physical properties, To test and evaluate parameters for in situ soil chemical modification; Evaluation coefficient The calculation formula is as follows: ； when >1, it means that the improvement effect of the in-situ improved soil is enhanced by acid rain disturbance; When 2 / 3< <1, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been slightly deteriorated by acidity; When 1 / 3< <2 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been moderately acidic deteriorated; When 0< <1 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been severely acidic deteriorated; when <0, it means that the in-situ improved soil has been deteriorated by acidity and its comprehensive properties are lower than those of the in-situ loess.

2. The method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-amended loess according to claim 1, wherein: Mechanical properties test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil The specific formula is: ； ； ； ； ； in, 、 、 Represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 represent the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 are the collapsibility coefficients of the in-situ loess layers, represents the cohesion of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the cohesion measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured in the initial loess experiment, 、 、 Respectively represent the cohesion influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 Respectively represent the influencing factors of the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of shear strength of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the shear strength test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the compression properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the compression property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the mechanical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

3. The method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-amended loess according to claim 1, wherein: Physical property test evaluation parameters of the in situ improved soil The specific formula is: ； ； ； ； ； in, 、 、 are the dry densities of the in-situ loess layers, 、 、 represent the void ratio of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 Represent the plasticity index of each layer of in-situ loess, represents the dry density of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the plasticity index obtained from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the dry density measured by the initial loess experiment, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the plasticity index measured from the initial loess experiment, 、 、 Respectively represent the dry density influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the porosity influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Indicates the plasticity index influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the physical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the physical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

4. The method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-amended loess according to claim 1, wherein: Chemical property test evaluation parameters of the in situ improved soil The specific formula is: ； ； ； ； ； in, 、 、 Represents the pH value of each layer of in-situ loess, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ loess of each layer concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial improved soil experiment, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial loess experiment, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates that each layer of in-situ improved soil has good chemical properties in the test The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the main ion concentration of each layer of in-situ improved soil in the chemical property test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil in chemical property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil, 、 、 Represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil.

5. The method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-amended loess according to claim 1, wherein: The specific steps for determining the degree of degradation of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain are as follows: Quantitatively change the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil slopes and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of in-situ improved soil slopes , quantitatively change the physical properties of the in-situ improved soil slope and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope , quantitatively change the chemical properties of the in-situ improved soil slope and observe the ultimate bearing capacity of the in-situ improved soil slope , and determine the mechanical property test influence coefficient of in-situ improved soil slope based on the ultimate bearing capacity , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient , and calculate the evaluation coefficient of the deterioration degree of the in-situ improved soil slope under the action of acid rain ; Influence coefficient of mechanical property test of in-situ improved soil slope , Physical property test influence coefficient , Chemical property test influence coefficient The calculation formula is as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； in, To evaluate the parameters for testing the mechanical properties of in-situ improved soil slopes, To evaluate parameters for in-situ soil slope physical property testing, Evaluate parameters for in-situ soil slope chemical testing; Evaluation coefficient The calculation formula is as follows: ； when >1, it means that the improvement effect of the in-situ improved soil slope has been enhanced due to acid rain disturbance; When 2 / 3< <1, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been slightly deteriorated by acidity; When 1 / 3< <2 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been moderately deteriorated by acidity; When 0< <1 / 3, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been severely acidic deteriorated; when <0, it means that the in-situ improved soil slope has been deteriorated by acidity and its comprehensive properties are lower than those of the in-situ loess slope.

6. The method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-amended loess according to claim 5, wherein: Mechanical properties test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is: ； ； ； ； ； in, 、 、 Respectively represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ loess slope, 、 、 represent the internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ loess slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the collapsibility coefficient of each layer of in-situ loess slope, represents the cohesion of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the internal friction angle measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the collapsibility coefficient measured from the initial improved soil experiment, 、 、 They represent the cohesion of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 They represent the internal friction angles of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 They represent the collapsibility coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope under slope failure, 、 、 It represents the cohesion influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of internal friction angle of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in shear strength test, 、 、 It represents the influence coefficient of shear strength of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the shear strength test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the compression properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the compression property test, 、 、 Respectively represent the evaluation of the mechanical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

7. The method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-amended loess according to claim 5, wherein: Physical property test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is: ； ； ； ； ； in, 、 、 Represents the dry density of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 are the void ratios of the in-situ improved soil slope layers, 、 、 Represents the plasticity index of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, represents the dry density of the initial improved soil experimentally measured, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the plasticity index obtained from the initial improved soil experiment, represents the dry density measured by the initial loess experiment, represents the porosity ratio measured from the initial loess experiment, represents the plasticity index measured from the initial loess experiment, 、 、 They represent the dry density influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 They represent the void ratio influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 Indicates the plasticity index influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the physical property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the physical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

8. The method for evaluating the damage caused by acid rain to lime-amended loess according to claim 5, wherein: Chemical property test evaluation parameters of the in-situ improved soil slope The specific formula is: ； ； ； ； ； in, 、 、 Respectively represent the pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, 、 、 Represents the in-situ improved soil slope of each layer concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial improved soil experiment, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, The initial improved soil test results concentration, represents the pH value measured in the initial loess experiment, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, The initial loess test results concentration, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Respectively represent the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates that the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope are tested The ion concentration influence coefficient, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of the main ion concentration of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the chemical property test, 、 、 Indicates the influence coefficient of pH value of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope in the chemical property test, 、 、 Represents the evaluation of the chemical properties of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope, 、 、 Respectively represent the influence coefficient of each layer of in-situ improved soil slope.

9. A device for assessing the damage caused by acid rain to lime-modified loess, characterized by: The device is applied to a method for evaluating the damage of acid rain to lime-modified loess as claimed in claim 1, and the device comprises a model test box (1), wherein the model test box (1) is filled with an in-situ loess slope (2) and an improved loess slope (3) in sequence from bottom to top, a cavity (4) is provided between the improved loess slope (3) and the model test box (1), a rainwater outlet (5) communicating with the cavity (4) is provided on one side of the model test box (1), a plurality of measuring points (6) are arranged on the upper side of the improved loess slope (3), a laser displacement sensor (7) corresponding to the plurality of measuring points (6) is provided on the top of the model test box (1), a rainfall simulator (8) is installed on the top of the model test box (1), a water inlet pipe (9) and a water outlet pipe (10) are provided at the bottom of the model test box (1), a groundwater level detector (11) is arranged on the inner side of the model test box (1), and a temperature controller (12) is arranged on the outer side of the model test box (1); The rainfall simulator (8) is used to simulate acid rain precipitation under different conditions; The measuring point (6) is used to detect various data of the improved loess slope (3); The laser displacement sensor (7) is used to detect the height of the improved loess slope (3) at the measuring point (6) before and after rainfall.

Images