A laser amplifier based on wavefront aberration correction

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser amplifier based on wavefront aberration correction, which relates to the technical field of lasers. It includes a laser source, a gain medium, a wavefront sensor, an adaptive optical wavefront correction module, and a feedback control system. The laser source is connected to the gain medium through a first optical coupler. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output through a second optical coupler. The wavefront sensor is connected to the output end of the gain medium. The feedback control system is connected to the wavefront sensor and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a data bus, and automatically generates a correction signal according to the wavefront aberration data. By installing the feedback control system, the present invention realizes the function of real-time adjusting correction parameters based on wavefront aberration, solves the problem that traditional laser amplifiers are difficult to monitor and correct wavefront aberration caused by optical system errors or environmental disturbances in real time, improves the focusing performance and transmission efficiency of the laser beam, and maintains stable and high-quality beam output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lasers, and specifically to a laser amplifier based on wavefront aberration correction. Background Art

[0002] With the development of laser technology, high-power, high-stability, and high-quality laser amplifiers have been widely used in fields such as scientific research, industrial processing, laser communication, medical equipment, and national defense applications. However, laser amplifiers face many technical challenges in actual use, such as wavefront aberration problems caused by the thermal effect of the gain medium, environmental vibration, and optical system errors. These aberrations will lead to a decrease in the beam quality of the laser output, affecting its focusing ability and energy transmission efficiency, especially in long-distance transmission or precision machining.

[0003] In the prior art, although some wavefront correction methods have been adopted, most are based on the adjustment method of a single optical element, with slow correction speed, insufficient accuracy, and limited adaptability to multi-wavelength lasers. In addition, the operating environment of the laser amplifier is complex, such as high temperature, vibration, or harsh unattended scenarios, and traditional systems are difficult to meet the actual requirements in terms of real-time performance, stability, and remote management capabilities. Therefore, this application proposes a laser amplifier based on wavefront aberration correction, comprehensively improving the performance and reliability of the laser amplifier, and providing an innovative solution for high-quality laser applications.

[0004] Patent document CN117977356B discloses a device and method for improving the beam quality of a large-aperture laser. The above patent realizes the identification and classification of wavefront aberration modes, so as to improve the correction efficiency and quality of the device for different types of aberrations according to different wavefront aberration modes. However, the above patent cannot realize the function of adjusting correction parameters in real time based on wavefront aberration.

[0005] Patent document CN111427147B discloses a method for selecting a wavefront corrector according to wavefront Zernike modes. The above patent realizes that while the yaw mirror and the deformable mirror complement each other's correction capabilities, the power of the deformable mirror driver is effectively alleviated compared with the case of a separate closed loop, weakening the wavefront aberration, avoiding the wavefront corrector being in a full-load state for a long time, and prolonging the service life of the wavefront corrector. However, the above patent cannot realize the independent dynamic adjustment function according to different wavelength lasers.

[0006] Patent document CN106338818B discloses an adaptive optical tomography correction device based on a microsecond pulse sodium beacon. The above patent realizes the real-time and accurate measurement of wavefront aberration information to correct the wavefront aberration caused by atmospheric disturbance, and can achieve perfect correction, enabling large ground-based telescopes to achieve near-diffraction-limited resolution imaging. However, the above patent cannot realize the functions of temperature control and vibration isolation.

[0007] Patent document CN113300766B discloses an adaptive aberration wavefront corrector based on LQG and its method. The above patent realizes the correction processing of aberration wave signals containing random Gaussian white noise, but the above patent cannot realize the dynamic optimization function of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms.

[0008] In summary, the above patent cannot realize the functions of real-time adjustment of correction parameters based on wavefront aberration, independent dynamic adjustment according to different wavelength lasers, temperature control and vibration isolation, and dynamic optimization of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms, resulting in unstable output quality of laser beams, large influence of environmental disturbances, inability to support multi-wavelength independent adjustment, small application range, and large artificial intervention errors.

[0009] Therefore, the present application proposes a laser amplifier based on wavefront aberration correction that can realize the functions of real-time adjustment of correction parameters based on wavefront aberration, independent dynamic adjustment according to different wavelength lasers, temperature control and vibration isolation, and dynamic optimization of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a laser amplifier based on wavefront aberration correction to solve the technical problems in the above background art, namely, the inability to realize the functions of real-time adjustment of correction parameters based on wavefront aberration, independent dynamic adjustment according to different wavelength lasers, temperature control and vibration isolation, and dynamic optimization of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms, resulting in unstable output quality of laser beams, large influence of environmental disturbances, inability to support multi-wavelength independent adjustment, small application range, and large artificial intervention errors.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A laser amplifier based on wavefront aberration correction includes a laser source, a gain medium, a wavefront sensor, an adaptive optical wavefront correction module, and a feedback control system. The laser source is connected to the gain medium through a first optical coupler. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output through a second optical coupler. The wavefront sensor is connected to the output end of the gain medium. The feedback control system is connected to the wavefront sensor and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a data bus and automatically generates a correction signal according to the wavefront aberration data.

[0012] The laser source is used to generate an initial laser beam. The laser source is one of a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser, and a suitable laser source. The laser beam generated by the laser source enters the gain medium through the first optical coupler for gain amplification.

[0013] The gain medium is used to amplify the initial laser beam. The gain medium is a solid-state laser gain medium or a fiber laser gain medium.

[0014] The wavefront sensor is used to monitor the wavefront aberration of the laser beam in real time and output wavefront aberration data, and the wavefront sensor transmits the detected wavefront aberration data to the feedback control system in real time;

[0015] The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one adjustable optical element for dynamically adjusting the wavefront of the light beam according to the wavefront aberration data;

[0016] The feedback control system is used to receive the wavefront aberration data output by the wavefront sensor and adjust the adaptive optical wavefront correction module according to the wavefront aberration data to ensure the optimization of the wavefront of the laser beam.

[0017] Preferably, the adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) or microelectromechanical system (MEMS) lens. The adjustable optical element can adjust the wavefront shape of the laser beam in real time according to the wavefront aberration data. The shape of the LCOS or MEMS lens is controlled by an electric drive device, and the electric drive device includes a stepper motor or a servo motor. The drive voltage of the stepper motor is 5 - 12V, and the control accuracy of the servo motor is 0.1μm.

[0018] Preferably, the gain medium is a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) crystal, a ytterbium-doped fiber, or other solid-state laser gain media, and is excited by a pump light source. The pump light source is connected to the gain medium through a third optical coupler. The pump light source is a diode laser or a fiber laser. The wavelength of the diode laser is 808nm, and the power is 10 - 50W. The diode laser is connected to the gain medium through a fiber, and the core diameter of the fiber is 400μm.

[0019] Preferably, the first optical coupler is a mirror, a collimating lens, or a fiber coupler to ensure that the laser beam is accurately introduced into the gain medium. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output to the wavefront sensor through the second optical coupler. The second optical coupler uses a collimating lens, a beam splitter, or a fiber coupler to output the laser beam amplified by the gain medium and guide it to the wavefront sensor for real-time wavefront monitoring. The third optical coupler is a fiber coupler, a collimating lens, or a mirror to effectively introduce the light emitted by the pump light source into the gain medium to excite the particles of the gain medium.

[0020] Preferably, the wavefront sensor is a phase sensor, an interferometer, or an optical sensor suitable for real-time measurement of the wavefront aberration of the laser beam. The wavefront sensor transmits the wavefront aberration data to the feedback control system through a data bus in real time to ensure the rapid transmission and processing of the wavefront aberration data.

[0021] Preferably, the feedback control system includes a computer control platform or an embedded control system. The computer control platform optimizes the wavefront correction strategy according to historical wavefront distortion data through machine learning algorithms, so as to achieve dynamic wavefront correction. The computer control platform is connected to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a wired or wireless interface. The computer control platform performs data analysis and prediction of wavefront distortion based on convolutional neural network (CNN) or support vector machine (SVM) algorithms.

[0022] Preferably, the feedback control system can automatically adjust the correction parameters of the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through real-time wavefront distortion data analysis, including adjusting the compensation degree and compensation timing of wavefront distortion. The compensation accuracy reaches 0.1 μm, and the compensation delay is less than 2 ms. The correction parameters are transmitted to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through the data bus to achieve precise wavefront adjustment.

[0023] Preferably, the adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes a plurality of adjustable optical elements and can be independently adjusted according to lasers of different wavelengths, so as to achieve wavefront correction when lasers of different wavelengths are output. The plurality of adjustable optical elements are respectively installed at different positions in the laser path. The plurality of optical elements include a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) diaphragm, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) lens, and a mirror. The adjustment range of the LCOS diaphragm is ±10 μm, and the adjustment accuracy of the MEMS lens is 1 μm.

[0024] Preferably, both the gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are installed in a mechanical structure frame with temperature control and vibration isolation functions. The mechanical structure frame includes a heat exchange system and vibration isolation pads. The gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are accurately aligned through an optical alignment device. The temperature control system of the mechanical structure frame maintains the temperature of the gain medium within the range of 25°C ± 0.1°C through a PID temperature control algorithm. The vibration isolation pads can effectively isolate vibrations in the frequency range of 50 - 2000 Hz.

[0025] Preferably, the laser amplifier further includes a remote monitoring platform. The remote monitoring platform is connected to the feedback control system through a network interface, allowing operators to monitor the system status and wavefront distortion situation in real time, and adjust the wavefront correction strategy remotely, so as to ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the system in complex environments. The remote monitoring platform performs data interaction with the feedback control system through a data interface to ensure the accurate execution of real-time wavefront correction.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The present invention is equipped with a feedback control system, realizing the function of real-time adjusting and correcting parameters based on wavefront distortion, solving the problem that traditional laser amplifiers are difficult to monitor and correct wavefront distortion caused by optical system errors or environmental disturbances in real time, improving the focusing performance and transmission efficiency of the laser beam, and maintaining stable and high-quality beam output;

[0028] 2. The present invention is equipped with an adaptive optical wavefront correction module, realizing the independent dynamic adjustment function for lasers of different wavelengths, solving the problem of low efficiency and poor accuracy of wavefront correction of traditional single optical elements, enhancing the adaptability of the laser amplifier, and meeting the optimization requirements of multi-wavelength laser systems for wavefront quality;

[0029] 3. The present invention is equipped with a mechanical structure framework, realizing temperature control and vibration isolation functions, solving the problem that environmental disturbances affect the stability of laser amplification and the beam quality, ensuring the stable working environment of the gain medium, and enhancing the output stability of the laser amplifier;

[0030] 4. The present invention is equipped with a remote monitoring platform, realizing the dynamic optimization function of wavefront correction using machine learning algorithms, solving the problem of lag and low efficiency of manual intervention caused by the inability to monitor and remotely adjust in real time in complex environments, improving operation efficiency and reducing the risk of human misoperation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the laser amplifier of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: A laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, including a laser source, a gain medium, a wavefront sensor, an adaptive optical wavefront correction module, and a feedback control system. The laser source is connected to the gain medium through a first optical coupler. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output through a second optical coupler. The wavefront sensor is connected to the output end of the gain medium. The feedback control system is connected to the wavefront sensor and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a data bus, and automatically generates a correction signal according to the wavefront distortion data;

[0034] The laser source is used to generate an initial laser beam. The laser source is one of a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser, and a suitable laser source. The laser beam generated by the laser source enters the gain medium through a first optical coupler for gain amplification;

[0035] The gain medium is used to amplify the initial laser beam. The gain medium is a solid-state laser gain medium or a fiber laser gain medium;

[0036] The wavefront sensor is used to monitor the wavefront distortion of the laser beam in real time and output wavefront distortion data. The wavefront sensor transmits the detected wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system in real time;

[0037] The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one adjustable optical element for dynamically adjusting the wavefront of the light beam according to the wavefront distortion data;

[0038] The feedback control system is used to receive the wavefront distortion data output by the wavefront sensor and adjust the adaptive optical wavefront correction module according to the wavefront distortion data to ensure the optimization of the wavefront of the laser beam;

[0039] Furthermore, the laser source generates an initial laser beam. The laser beam enters the gain medium through a first optical coupler. These laser beams are optically collimated so that the laser beam can efficiently enter the gain medium and maximize the gain efficiency. After the particles in the gain medium absorb the pump light, high-energy laser beams are excited and released. The amplified laser beam is output through a second optical coupler. This coupler collimates and exports the amplified laser beam to ensure that the light beam is transmitted to the subsequent system in a suitable direction and quality; After the laser beam is amplified by gain, the wavefront sensor starts to monitor the wavefront information of the laser beam caused by various factors in the system such as temperature changes and optical element deviations, and converts it into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the feedback control system in real time through a data bus;

[0040] The feedback control system receives the wavefront distortion data provided by the wavefront sensor, processes the wavefront distortion data through algorithms such as convolutional neural network CNN or support vector machine SVM, and generates an adjustment signal according to the distortion situation. The feedback control system adjusts the adjustable optical elements connected to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module to dynamically adjust the wavefront of the laser beam to make it tend to an ideal state and minimize the distortion effect; The adaptive optical wavefront correction module adjusts the shape and position of the optical element with micron-level accuracy according to the type of wavefront distortion such as spherical aberration or coma aberration to correct the wavefront of the laser beam;

[0041] By real-time monitoring and correcting the wavefront distortion of the laser beam, the system can effectively reduce the wavefront distortion caused by optical elements, gain media, etc. The adaptive optical wavefront correction module dynamically adjusts the beam wavefront to ensure the quality of the laser beam and maintain a stable beam output even under complex working conditions.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, the adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) or microelectromechanical system (MEMS) lens. The adjustable optical element can adjust the wavefront shape of the laser beam in real time according to the wavefront distortion data. The LCOS or MEMS lens controls its shape through an electric drive device. The electric drive device includes a stepper motor or a servo motor. The drive voltage of the stepper motor is 5 - 12V, and the control precision of the servo motor is 0.1um;

[0043] The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes multiple adjustable optical elements and can be independently adjusted according to lasers of different wavelengths, so as to achieve wavefront correction when lasers of different wavelengths are output. The multiple adjustable optical elements are respectively installed at different positions in the laser path. The multiple optical elements include LCOS, MEMS lens and mirror. The adjustment range of the LCOS is ±10um, and the adjustment precision of the MEMS lens is 1um;

[0044] The feedback control system can automatically adjust the correction parameters of the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through real-time wavefront distortion data analysis, including adjusting the compensation degree and compensation timing of the wavefront distortion. The compensation precision reaches 0.1um, and the compensation delay is less than 2ms. The correction parameters are transmitted to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through the data bus to achieve precise wavefront adjustment;

[0045] Furthermore, after receiving the wavefront distortion data monitored by the wavefront sensor, the feedback control system performs real-time wavefront distortion analysis, calculates the required correction parameters, and then generates a wavefront correction signal. The feedback control system automatically analyzes the type, amplitude and change trend of the wavefront distortion. The feedback control system will calculate the compensation degree and compensation timing of the correction in real time, and select an appropriate compensation delay according to actual needs to avoid the deterioration of the beam quality;

[0046] The LCOS adjusts the shape of the diaphragm surface through an electric drive device, changes the phase distribution of the beam, and thus realizes wavefront correction; through continuous adjustment of the adaptive optical wavefront correction module, the wavefront distortion of the laser beam is effectively compensated. The corrected laser beam has higher beam quality, and the wavefront error is minimized; finally, the corrected laser beam is amplified and output through the gain medium, ensuring that the laser amplifier can always work stably and efficiently under different working conditions;

[0047] Through precise real-time wavefront measurement and feedback control, during the process of the laser beam passing through the gain medium and the optical system, the wavefront of the beam can be dynamically adjusted to compensate for wavefront distortions caused by factors such as system errors, temperature changes, and mechanical vibrations. The compensation accuracy reaches 0.1 micrometers, ensuring that the output laser beam is always in the best state.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, where the gain medium is a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) crystal, ytterbium-doped fiber, or other solid-state laser gain media, and is excited by a pump light source. The pump light source is connected to the gain medium through a third optical coupler. The pump light source is a diode laser or a fiber laser. The wavelength of the diode laser is 808 nm, and the power is 10 - 50 W. The diode laser is connected to the gain medium through an optical fiber, and the core diameter of the optical fiber is 400 um;

[0049] The first optical coupler is a mirror, a collimating lens, or a fiber coupler to ensure precise introduction of the laser beam into the gain medium. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output to the wavefront sensor through the second optical coupler. The second optical coupler uses a collimating lens, a beam splitter, or a fiber coupler to output the laser beam amplified by the gain medium and guide it to the wavefront sensor for real-time wavefront monitoring. The third optical coupler is a fiber coupler, a collimating lens, or a mirror to effectively introduce the light emitted by the pump light source into the gain medium, thereby exciting the particles of the gain medium;

[0050] Furthermore, the pump light source provides the required energy to excite the particles in the gain medium, thereby generating laser gain. The third optical coupler is used to effectively introduce the light emitted by the pump light source into the gain medium, thereby exciting the particles of the gain medium. The particles in the gain medium are excited by the pump light and transition from a low energy level to a high energy level, and then undergo radiative transition under appropriate conditions, releasing a high-energy laser beam; the initial laser beam from the laser source is precisely introduced into the gain medium through the first optical coupler. The second optical coupler is used to guide the laser beam amplified by the gain medium to the wavefront sensor for real-time wavefront monitoring. The collimating lens ensures the collimation of the laser beam during transmission. The beam splitter can simultaneously transmit part of the laser beam to the wavefront sensor and the other part for laser output. The fiber coupler is suitable for high-precision introduction of the laser beam, reducing optical losses. The mirror is used to precisely reflect and guide the laser beam to the fiber input end of the gain medium;

[0051] The selection of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler ensures the stability of the laser beam during transmission, not only improving the collimation of the laser beam but also reducing the optical losses that may occur in the system. Precise optical coupling ensures that both the input and output of the beam in the gain medium are in an optimal state, improving the stability of the entire laser system, thereby optimizing the wavefront quality of the laser beam and enhancing the output accuracy of the system.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront aberration correction, wherein the wavefront sensor is a phase sensor, an interferometer, or an optical sensor suitable for real-time measurement of the wavefront aberration of a laser beam. The wavefront sensor transmits the wavefront aberration data to the feedback control system in real time through a data bus to ensure the rapid transmission and processing of the wavefront aberration data;

[0053] The feedback control system includes a computer control platform or an embedded control system. The computer control platform optimizes the wavefront correction strategy according to the historical wavefront aberration data through machine learning algorithms, thereby realizing dynamic wavefront correction. The computer control platform is connected to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a wired or wireless interface. The computer control platform performs data analysis and prediction of wavefront aberration based on convolutional neural network CNN or support vector machine SVM algorithms;

[0054] Furthermore, the phase sensor provides the phase information of the wavefront by detecting the phase change of the laser beam, enabling high-precision measurement of the wavefront error. The interferometer uses the interference principle to obtain detailed information on the wavefront aberration by analyzing the interference fringes and is suitable for precisely measuring the aberration of the laser wavefront. These sensors transmit the measured wavefront aberration data to the feedback control system in real time through a data bus. The computer control platform analyzes the historical wavefront aberration data through machine learning algorithms, especially convolutional neural network CNN or support vector machine SVM, to explore the laws and characteristics of the wavefront aberration. The convolutional neural network CNN is good at processing image data and can extract local features from the wavefront aberration data and is suitable for image or light field data obtained from the wavefront sensor. The support vector machine SVM can achieve classification and regression by optimizing the hyperplane and can be used to predict the wavefront error and fit the correction model in wavefront correction. The computer control platform uses this historical data to optimize the wavefront correction strategy, thereby improving the accuracy and response speed of wavefront aberration compensation and dynamically adjusting the correction strategy to achieve precise wavefront correction;

[0055] After the real-time wavefront distortion data is transmitted into the computer control platform, the system dynamically adjusts the compensation degree and timing of wavefront correction according to the real-time data and the optimized model. The computer platform automatically generates a new wavefront correction signal and transmits it to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through the interface. The convolutional neural network (CNN) can identify the distortion type and its distribution characteristics of the wavefront by extracting and processing the features of the input wavefront image, and adjust the correction strategy through the regression layer of the neural network. The support vector machine (SVM) can accurately fit the distribution of the wavefront error through the support vectors obtained by training, so as to predict and correct the wavefront distortion;

[0056] Through the above steps, the wavefront sensor monitors the wavefront change in real time, analyzes the data through the feedback control system, automatically generates a correction signal, and drives the adaptive optical module to adjust the beam wavefront. The system ensures that the wavefront quality of the laser beam is always in an optimized state;

[0057] Through machine learning algorithms, the system can optimize the wavefront correction strategy based on historical data, providing higher accuracy than traditional control methods. This accuracy is not only reflected in a single wavefront correction process, but also can continuously improve the correction strategy by accumulating and optimizing historical data; in a laser amplifier, wavefront correction can significantly improve the beam quality, power and stability of the laser output. The optimized wavefront not only improves the gain efficiency of the laser amplifier, but also ensures the consistency and reliability of the laser output.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, wherein the gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are both installed in a mechanical structure frame with temperature control and vibration isolation functions. The mechanical structure frame includes a heat exchange system and vibration isolation pads. The gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are accurately aligned through an optical alignment device. The temperature control system of the mechanical structure frame keeps the temperature of the gain medium within the range of 25°C ± 0.1°C through the PID temperature control algorithm, and the vibration isolation pads can effectively isolate vibrations in the frequency range of 50 - 2000 Hz;

[0059] The laser amplifier further includes a remote monitoring platform. The remote monitoring platform is connected to the feedback control system through a network interface, allowing operators to monitor the system status and wavefront distortion in real time, and adjust the wavefront correction strategy remotely, so as to ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the system in a complex environment. The remote monitoring platform conducts data interaction with the feedback control system through a data interface to ensure the accurate execution of real-time wavefront correction;

[0060] Furthermore, a heat exchange system is equipped within the mechanical structure framework, and the temperature is adjusted in real time using the PID temperature control algorithm. The temperature control system can precisely maintain the temperature of the gain medium within the range of 25°C ± 0.1°C, avoiding the decrease in laser amplification efficiency and wavefront distortion caused by temperature fluctuations; the framework also includes vibration isolation pads, which can effectively isolate vibrations within the frequency range of 50 - 2000 Hz. This is because the precise operation of the laser amplifier requires the stability of its optical path, and vibrations will have an adverse impact on the beam propagation and wavefront distortion. The vibration isolation pads can significantly reduce the impact of external vibrations on the laser amplifier system through special material and structural designs, ensuring the precise propagation of the laser beam;

[0061] The remote monitoring platform is connected to the feedback control system through a network interface and can obtain the working status and wavefront distortion data of the laser amplifier in real time. The operator can view parameters such as the wavefront quality of the laser beam, the temperature of the gain medium, and the vibration status through the monitoring platform to ensure the normal operation of the system;

[0062] The remote monitoring platform provides a convenient way to monitor the working status of the laser amplifier in real time. The operator can remotely view the wavefront distortion data and other key parameters through this platform and remotely adjust the wavefront correction strategy when needed. This remote control function enables the system to maintain continuous and efficient operation in a complex environment, reducing the need for manual intervention and improving the intelligence and automation of the system.

[0063] Working principle: After the laser beam is amplified by the gain medium, its wavefront may be distorted due to factors such as the errors of the optical system and environmental influences. The wavefront sensor detects the wavefront quality of the laser beam in real time, generates wavefront distortion data, and transmits this data to the feedback control system through the data bus;

[0064] The feedback control system analyzes the data transmitted by the wavefront sensor in real time, uses convolutional neural network CNN or support vector machine SVM algorithms to identify wavefront distortion and perform wavefront correction. The system automatically generates a correction signal based on the analysis results and adjusts it by controlling the adaptive optical wavefront correction module;

[0065] The adaptive optical wavefront correction module dynamically adjusts the wavefront of the laser beam according to the instructions of the feedback control system through its adjustable optical elements. The adjustable optical elements are finely adjusted through electric drive to compensate for wavefront distortion, ensure that the wavefront quality of the laser beam remains optimal at the output, and finally achieve the optimized adjustment of the wavefront to ensure the quality and stability of the output laser beam.

[0066] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction, comprising a laser source, a gain medium, a wavefront sensor, an adaptive optical wavefront correction module and a feedback control system, characterized in that: The laser source is connected to the gain medium through a first optical coupler, the laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output through a second optical coupler, the wavefront sensor is connected to the output end of the gain medium, the feedback control system is connected to the wavefront sensor and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a data bus, and automatically generates a correction signal according to the wavefront distortion data; The laser source is used to generate an initial laser beam, and the laser source is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser. The laser beam generated by the laser source enters the gain medium through the first optical coupler for gain amplification; The gain medium is used to perform gain amplification on the initial laser beam, and the gain medium is a solid-state laser gain medium or a fiber laser gain medium; The wavefront sensor is used to monitor the wavefront distortion of the laser beam in real time and output wavefront distortion data, and the wavefront sensor transmits the detected wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system in real time; The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one adjustable optical element, which is used to dynamically adjust the wavefront of the light beam according to the wavefront distortion data; The feedback control system is used to receive the wavefront distortion data output by the wavefront sensor, and adjust the adaptive optical wavefront correction module according to the wavefront distortion data to ensure the wavefront optimization of the laser beam; The first optical coupler is a reflector, a collimating lens or a fiber coupler, which ensures that the laser beam is accurately introduced into the gain medium. The laser beam amplified by the gain medium is output to the wavefront sensor through the second optical coupler. The second optical coupler uses a collimating lens, a beam splitter or a fiber coupler, which is used to output the laser beam amplified by the gain medium and guide it to the wavefront sensor for real-time wavefront monitoring. The third optical coupler is a fiber coupler, a collimating lens or a reflector, which is used to effectively guide the light emitted by the pump light source into the gain medium, thereby exciting the particles of the gain medium. The feedback control system includes a computer control platform or an embedded control system. The computer control platform optimizes the wavefront correction strategy according to the historical wavefront distortion data through a machine learning algorithm, thereby realizing dynamic wavefront correction. The computer control platform is connected to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through a wired or wireless interface. The computer control platform performs wavefront distortion data analysis and prediction based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) or a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The feedback control system can automatically adjust the correction parameters of the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through real-time wavefront distortion data analysis, including adjusting the compensation degree and compensation timing of the wavefront distortion, with a compensation accuracy of 0.1um and a compensation delay of less than 2ms. The correction parameters are transmitted to the adaptive optical wavefront correction module through the data bus to achieve precise wavefront adjustment. The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes multiple adjustable optical elements and can be independently adjusted according to lasers of different wavelengths, so as to achieve wavefront correction when lasers of different wavelengths are output. The multiple adjustable optical elements are respectively installed at different positions in the laser path. The multiple adjustable optical elements include a liquid crystal aperture LCOS, a micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens and a reflector. The adjustment range of the liquid crystal aperture LCOS is ±10um, and the adjustment accuracy of the micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens is 1um.

2. A laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive optical wavefront correction module includes at least one liquid crystal aperture LCOS or micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens. The adjustable optical element can adjust the wavefront shape of the laser beam in real time according to the wavefront distortion data. The liquid crystal aperture LCOS or micro-electromechanical system MEMS lens controls the shape through an electric drive device. The electric drive device includes a stepper motor or a servo motor. The driving voltage of the stepper motor is 5-12V, and the control accuracy of the servo motor is 0.1um.

3. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gain medium is a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Nd:YAG crystal, an ytterbium-doped optical fiber or other solid-state laser gain medium, and is excited by a pump light source, which is connected to the gain medium through a third optical coupler. The pump light source is a diode laser or an optical fiber laser, the wavelength of the diode laser is 808nm, the power is 10-50W, the diode laser is connected to the gain medium through an optical fiber, and the core diameter of the optical fiber is 400um.

4. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wavefront sensor is a phase sensor, an interferometer or an optical sensor suitable for real-time measurement of laser beam wavefront distortion. The wavefront sensor transmits the wavefront distortion data to the feedback control system via a data bus in real time, ensuring rapid transmission and processing of the wavefront distortion data.

5. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are both installed in a mechanical structure frame with temperature control and vibration isolation functions. The mechanical structure frame includes a heat exchange system and a vibration isolation pad. The gain medium and the adaptive optical wavefront correction module are precisely aligned through an optical alignment device. The temperature control system of the mechanical structure frame maintains the temperature of the gain medium within the range of 25°C±0.1°C through a PID temperature control algorithm. The vibration isolation pad can effectively isolate vibrations in the frequency range of 50-2000Hz.

6. The laser amplifier based on wavefront distortion correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser amplifier further includes a remote monitoring platform, which is connected to the feedback control system through a network interface, allowing the operator to monitor the system status and wavefront distortion in real time, and remotely adjust the wavefront correction strategy to ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the system in a complex environment. The remote monitoring platform exchanges data with the feedback control system through a data interface to ensure the accurate execution of real-time wavefront correction.

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