Venting and pressure relief device and switchgear cabinet thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of switch cabinets, in particular to a ventilation and pressure relief device and a switch cabinet thereof. The ventilation and pressure relief device comprises a top box and a mounting seat arranged at the rear side of the lower surface of the top box. The mounting seat is sequentially provided with an air exhaust assembly for exhausting air in the switch cabinet, a turnover piece and an air inlet assembly for blowing air into the switch cabinet from bottom to top. The top box is provided with a driving piece for driving the turnover piece and the air inlet assembly to rotate. In the normal state, the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly can cooperate to realize heat dissipation of the switch cabinet. The driving piece changes the air blowing direction of the air inlet assembly and makes the turnover piece in the open state. Meanwhile, the top plate moves upwards to make the air exhaust hole communicate with the inside of the switch cabinet, so that the purpose of rapid pressure relief is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of switchgear technology, specifically to a ventilation and pressure relief device and its switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] The main function of a switchgear is to open, close, control, and protect electrical equipment during the power generation, transmission, distribution, and energy conversion processes in a power system. The main components of a switchgear include circuit breakers, disconnect switches, load switches, operating mechanisms, instrument transformers, and various protective devices. During operation, a short circuit fault in the primary circuit can occur due to various reasons (such as short circuits, insulation aging, or human error). Under a short circuit current of tens of thousands of amperes, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is instantly generated. If this high-temperature and high-pressure gas cannot be effectively released within a very short time in the confined space of the switchgear, it can cause the switchgear to explode, damaging adjacent switchgear and potentially endangering personal safety.

[0003] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN219843349U discloses a switch cabinet with a ventilation and pressure relief device, which relates to the field of electrical switch technology. It includes a cabinet body, a ventilation unit, and a pressure relief unit. The cabinet body is a box-shaped structure with an open front end. The ventilation unit includes a vent, a fan, a connecting plate, a nut, and a ventilation box. A rectangular vent is provided at the top of the cabinet body, and the lower end of the vent is fixedly connected to the top of the fan. The top of the cabinet body is detachably connected to the bottom of the connecting plate, and four nuts are threaded to the four corners of the connecting plate. The top of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the ventilation box. The pressure relief unit is installed on the left side of the ventilation box. This switch cabinet with a ventilation and pressure relief device is equipped with a fan, which can maintain a good ventilation environment inside the cabinet even without natural wind. When pressure is released, the pressure relief box is movably connected to the ventilation box when it opens, preventing it from falling off and causing damage to the surrounding area. It is also simple to install and easy to operate.

[0004] The above solution has the following shortcomings in practical use:

[0005] The proposed solution uses pressure to push the pressure relief box, which in turn closes the locking pin. The spring inside the telescopic support column shortens, and the telescopic support column slides along the slide groove. The locking pin contacts the locking plate, and the pressure relief box flips outward to open, allowing the pressure to be released. However, in actual use, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the switchgear can only be released through one part of the pressure relief box, resulting in an unsatisfactory pressure relief efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ventilation and pressure relief device and its switch cabinet to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a ventilation and pressure relief device and its switch cabinet, comprising a top box and a mounting base disposed on the rear side of the lower surface of the top box. The mounting base is provided with, from bottom to top, an exhaust assembly for discharging air from the switch cabinet, a flipping component, and an air inlet assembly for blowing air into the switch cabinet. The top box is provided with a driving component for driving the flipping component and the air inlet assembly to rotate. The driving component includes a top plate, on which multiple guide posts are sleeved, and the top ends of the guide posts are connected to the top of the inner wall of the top box. A spring is disposed between the top of the inner wall of the top box and the top plate. The rear side of the top plate extends into the interior of the mounting base and is provided with a driving plate. The bottom of the top box is provided with a mounting platform. Electromagnets are disposed on both the mounting platform and the top plate. A thermistor is disposed on the lower surface of the mounting platform.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting base has multiple mounting slots arranged symmetrically from top to bottom, and the exhaust component, the flipping component, and the air inlet component are located inside the mounting slots respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the exhaust assembly includes a first mounting bracket, which has a cross-shaped structure, and four first axial flow fans are mounted on the first mounting bracket.

[0010] Preferably, the air intake assembly includes a second mounting bracket, which has a cross-shaped structure. A second axial flow fan is provided in the space enclosed by the second mounting bracket and the inner wall of the mounting groove. Two second axial flow fans at the same height are connected by a connecting rod. One side of one of the second axial flow fans is provided with a shaft 17. The end of the shaft 17 extends into the mounting base 2 and is provided with a first gear. The first gear is meshed with a toothed plate, and the toothed plate is connected to a drive plate.

[0011] Preferably, the flipping component includes a flipping baffle, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove via a connecting shaft. One end of the connecting shaft extends into the interior of the mounting base and is provided with a second gear. A drive bar connected to a drive plate is provided on one side of the second gear, and a plurality of racks corresponding to the second gear are provided on the lower part of the drive bar.

[0012] Preferably, the top and bottom of the inner wall of the mounting groove are provided with baffles to restrict the flipping of the flipping baffle, and a torsion spring is installed on the connecting shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a power module is provided on the top of the inner wall of the top box, and the power module is electrically connected to an electromagnet, a thermistor, an air intake assembly, and an exhaust assembly via wires.

[0014] Preferably, the lower surface of the mounting platform is provided with a protective mesh for protecting the thermistor.

[0015] Preferably, a frame is provided on the rear side of the mounting base, and a safety net is installed inside the frame.

[0016] A switch cabinet includes a cabinet body and a cabinet door. The cabinet body has a circuit breaker compartment, a busbar compartment, a cable compartment and an instrument compartment inside. The cabinet body is equipped with a ventilation and pressure relief device.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] Under normal conditions, the air intake and exhaust components work together to dissipate heat from the switchgear. By driving the air intake components to change the direction of the airflow and opening the flip-up mechanism, while the top plate moves up to connect the exhaust vents with the interior of the switchgear, rapid pressure relief is achieved.

[0019] By using a thermistor, the current in the circuit containing the power module, wires, electromagnet, thermistor, air intake assembly, and exhaust assembly can be increased under high temperature conditions, and the motor speed in the air intake assembly and exhaust assembly can be increased. Different levels of heat dissipation intensity can be adopted in real time according to the temperature changes in the switch cabinet. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the ventilation and pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the ventilation and pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the top box and mounting base structure of the ventilation and pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the drive component structure of the ventilation and pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the air intake assembly of the ventilation and pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the flipping component structure of the ventilation and pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the exhaust assembly structure of the ventilation and pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the switch cabinet of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the switch cabinet of the present invention in the open state of the cabinet door.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 1. Top box; 2. Mounting base; 3. Mounting slot; 4. First mounting bracket; 5. First axial flow fan; 6. Top plate; 7. Guide column; 8. Spring; 9. Drive plate; 10. Mounting platform; 11. Electromagnet; 12. Thermistor; 13. Protective net; 14. Second mounting bracket; 15. Second axial flow fan; 16. Connecting rod; 17. Shaft; 18. First gear; 19. Gear plate; 20. Flip baffle; 21. Connecting shaft; 22. Torsion spring; 23. Stop bar; 24. Second gear; 25. Drive bar; 26. Rack; 27. Cavity; 28. Power module; 29. ​​Frame; 30. Safety net; 31. Vent; 32. Cabinet; 33. Cabinet door; 34. Circuit breaker compartment; 35. Busbar compartment; 36. Cable compartment; 37. Instrument compartment. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please see Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0033] A ventilation and pressure relief device includes a top box 1 and a mounting base 2 disposed on the rear side of the lower surface of the top box 1. The mounting base 2 has an air inlet component and an exhaust component. The air inlet component is used to blow air into the switch cabinet, and the exhaust component is used to exhaust the air inside the switch cabinet. Under normal conditions, the air inlet component and the exhaust component work together to achieve heat dissipation of the switch cabinet. The driving component on the mounting base 2 is used to change the blowing direction of the air inlet component. When the switch cabinet experiences a short circuit fault in the primary circuit due to various reasons (such as short circuit, insulation aging, human error, etc.), and high temperature and high pressure gas is generated instantaneously under a short circuit current of tens of thousands of amperes, the variable air inlet component can exhaust the gas inside the switch cabinet to the outside of the switch cabinet, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid pressure relief.

[0034] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the mounting base 2 has multiple mounting slots 3 arranged from top to bottom, and the multiple mounting slots 3 are symmetrically arranged. In this embodiment, the number of mounting slots 3 is 6. Among them, the two sets of air inlet components are located in the two uppermost mounting slots 3, and the two sets of exhaust components are located in the two lowermost mounting slots 3. The middle mounting slot 3 is provided with a flipping component, which can be in the open state when the driving component changes the blowing direction of the ventilation component, thereby improving the pressure relief effect.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust assembly includes a first mounting bracket 4, which has a cross-shaped structure. A first axial fan 5 is provided in the space enclosed by the first mounting bracket 4 and the inner wall of the mounting groove 3.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the driving component includes a top plate 6, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the top box 1. Four guide columns 7 inside the top box 1 are used to further restrict the movement direction of the top plate 6 and improve the stability of the top plate 6 during movement. Four springs 8 on the top of the inner wall of the top box 1 are used to apply a downward force to the top plate 6, so that the top plate 6 is located at the bottom of the top box 1 when the switch cabinet is running normally. Multiple exhaust holes 31 are provided on the side wall of the top box 1. A mounting platform 10 is provided at the bottom of the top box 1. Electromagnets 11 are installed on the upper surface of the mounting platform 10 and the lower surface of the top plate 6. The magnitude of the magnetic force of the electromagnet 11 is changed by controlling the magnitude of the current flowing to the electromagnet 11, thereby pushing the top plate 6 upward under the principle of like poles repulsion. A thermistor 12 is installed in the middle of the lower surface of the mounting platform 10. When the internal temperature of the switch cabinet rises, the resistance of the thermistor 12 decreases, resulting in an increase in the current in the circuit, thereby changing the magnitude of the magnetic force between the two electromagnets 11. The driving plate 9 on the rear side of the top plate 6 is located in the cavity 27 on the mounting base 2.

[0037] It should be noted that the two electromagnets 11, the thermistor 12, the air intake assembly, and the exhaust assembly are connected in series. When the temperature is high, the resistance of the thermistor 12 decreases, the current flowing through the two electromagnets 11, the air intake assembly, and the exhaust assembly increases, the magnetic force between the two electromagnets 11 increases, and the motor speed in the air intake assembly and the exhaust assembly increases. That is, when the switch cabinet needs to dissipate heat during normal operation, as the temperature inside the switch cabinet increases, the current in the circuit increases. Under the action of the spring force of the spring 8 and the gravity of the top plate 6 itself, the top plate 6 will not move upward. The motor speed in the air intake assembly and the exhaust assembly increases, which can accelerate the heat dissipation effect of the switch cabinet. When the temperature inside the switch cabinet continues to rise to an abnormal state or a high temperature and high pressure state occurs due to a fault, the magnetic force between the two electromagnets 11 increases, pushing the top plate 6 upward until the multiple exhaust holes 31 are connected to the inside of the switch cabinet. At the same time, the air intake assembly changes the direction of the airflow, the flipping part is in the open state, and the high temperature and high pressure gas will be quickly discharged to the outside of the switch cabinet through the side of the top box 1 and the mounting base 2.

[0038] like Figure 5As shown, the air intake assembly includes a second mounting bracket 14, which has a cross-shaped structure. A second axial flow fan 15 is installed within the space enclosed by the second mounting bracket 14 and the inner wall of the mounting groove 3. Two second axial flow fans 15 at the same height are connected by a connecting rod 16. The shaft 17 of one of the second axial flow fans 15 extends into the cavity 27 on the mounting base 2 and is fitted with a first gear 18. The first gear 18 is meshed with a toothed plate 19, which can move with the drive plate 9. When the top plate 6 drives the drive plate 9 to move, the second axial flow fan 15 will rotate under the transmission of the first gear 18 and the toothed plate 19. When the switchgear malfunctions and generates high-temperature, high-pressure gas, the top plate 6 moves to the top of the mounting base 2, at which point the second axial flow fan 15 rotates 180°, accelerating the discharge of high-temperature, high-pressure gas from the switchgear.

[0039] In actual use, the spring force coefficient of spring 8 can be changed. When the switch cabinet is running normally but the temperature is high, the top plate 6 will be lifted by the magnetic force, causing the drive plate 9 to move upward. The second axial fan 15 will deflect. When the temperature decreases, the magnetic force weakens, the top plate 6 moves downward, and the second axial fan 15 resets. This enables the switch cabinet to blow air to cool the hot parts according to the working state.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the flipping component includes a flipping baffle 20, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove 3 via a connecting shaft 21. One end of the connecting shaft 21 extends into the cavity 27 and is fitted with a second gear 24. A drive bar 25 connected to the drive plate 9 is provided on one side of the second gear 24. A plurality of racks 26 corresponding to the second gear 24 are provided on the lower part of the drive bar 25. The top and bottom of the inner wall of the mounting groove 3 are provided with baffles 23 for restricting the flipping baffle 20 from flipping. A torsion spring 22 is provided between the connecting shaft 21 and the inner wall of the cavity 27 to enable the flipping baffle 20 to fit against the baffles 23 when the switch cabinet is in normal working condition.

[0041] Furthermore, a power module 28 is provided on the top of the inner wall of the top box 1 to supply power to the electromagnet 11, the thermistor 12, the air intake component and the exhaust component. By using a separate power module 28 for power supply, it is possible to avoid damage to the circuit between the electromagnet 11, the thermistor 12, the air intake component and the exhaust component when the switch cabinet fails.

[0042] The protective net 13 on the lower surface of the mounting base 10 is used to protect the thermistor 12 and prevent the thermistor 12 from being damaged by collision when the components inside the switch cabinet explode. A frame 29 is provided on the rear side of the mounting base 2, and a safety net 30 is installed inside the safety net 30 to block component fragments.

[0043] When it is necessary to install this ventilation and pressure relief device with the switch cabinet, a top box 1 and mounting base 2 with a width corresponding to the switch cabinet are customized. Then, part of the top plate and rear plate of the switch cabinet are removed, and the ventilation and pressure relief device can be fixed to the switch cabinet with bolts.

[0044] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows: When the switchgear is working normally, the power module 28 supplies power to the electromagnet 11, the thermistor 12, the air intake component, and the exhaust component. The air intake component blows the cold air from outside the switchgear into the switchgear, and the exhaust component exhausts the hot air from inside the switchgear to the outside of the switchgear, thereby forming a circulation to effectively dissipate heat from the switchgear. When a fault occurs inside the switchgear, resulting in the generation of a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the air intake component is rotated 180° under the drive of the drive component. At this time, the air intake component and the exhaust component are used to exhaust the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the switchgear. The rotating component is in the open state, and the exhaust hole 31 on the top box 1 is also connected to the inside of the switchgear. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas can also be discharged through the rotating component and the exhaust hole 31, thereby realizing the need to quickly depressurize the inside of the switchgear.

[0045] A switch cabinet includes a cabinet body 32 and a cabinet door 33. The cabinet body 32 has a circuit breaker compartment 34, a busbar compartment 35, a cable compartment 36 and an instrument compartment 37. A ventilation and pressure relief device is installed on the cabinet body 32.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A venting and pressure relief device comprising a top box and a mounting seat arranged at the rear side of the lower surface of the top box, characterized in that, The mounting seat is sequentially provided with an exhaust assembly for exhausting air in the switch cabinet, a turnover piece and an air inlet assembly for blowing air into the switch cabinet from bottom to top, and the top box is provided with a driving piece for driving the turnover piece and the air inlet assembly to rotate; The driving piece comprises a top plate, a plurality of guide columns are sleeved on the top plate, the top ends of the guide columns are connected with the top of the inner wall of the top box, springs are arranged between the top of the inner wall of the top box and the top plate, the rear side of the top plate extends to the inside of the mounting seat and is provided with a driving plate, the bottom of the top box is provided with a mounting table, electromagnets are arranged on the mounting table and the top plate, and a thermistor is arranged on the lower surface of the mounting table; The mounting seat is sequentially provided with a plurality of mounting grooves from top to bottom, the mounting grooves are symmetrically arranged, and the exhaust assembly, the turnover piece and the air inlet assembly are respectively arranged in the mounting grooves; The air inlet assembly comprises a second mounting frame, the second mounting frame has a cross-shaped structure, second axial flow fans are arranged in the space surrounded by the inner wall of the mounting groove and the second mounting frame, two second axial flow fans at the same height are connected through connecting rods, one side of one of the second axial flow fans is provided with a shaft body, the end of the shaft body extends to the inside of the mounting seat and is provided with a first gear, the first gear is meshedly connected with a toothed groove plate, and the toothed groove plate is connected with the driving plate; The turnover piece comprises a turnover baffle, the turnover baffle is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove through a connecting shaft, one end of the connecting shaft extends to the inside of the mounting seat and is provided with a second gear, one side of the second gear is provided with a driving strip connected with the driving plate, and the lower part of the driving strip is provided with a plurality of racks corresponding to the second gear; The top and bottom of the inner wall of the mounting groove are provided with a baffle for limiting the turnover of the turnover baffle, and a torsion spring is mounted on the connecting shaft.

2. A venting pressure relief device according to claim 1, wherein The exhaust assembly comprises a first mounting frame, and the first mounting frame has a cross-shaped structure, and four first axial flow fans are mounted on the first mounting frame.

3. A venting pressure relief device according to claim 1, wherein The top of the inner wall of the top box is provided with a power module, and the power module is electrically connected with the electromagnets, the thermistor, the air inlet assembly and the exhaust assembly through wires.

4. A venting pressure relief device according to claim 1, wherein The lower surface of the mounting table is provided with a protective net for protecting the thermistor.

5. A venting pressure relief device according to claim 1, wherein The rear side of the mounting seat is provided with a frame, and a safety net is mounted in the frame.

6. A switchgear comprising a cabinet body and a cabinet door, the interior of the cabinet body being provided with a circuit breaker chamber, a busbar chamber, a cable chamber and a meter chamber, characterized in that, The cabinet body is provided with the ventilation and pressure relief device as claimed in any one of claims 1-5. The cabinet body is provided with the ventilation and pressure relief device as claimed in any one of claims 1-5.

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