Comprehensive removal and treatment method for spartina alterniflora

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive removal and treatment method for spartina alterniflora. The comprehensive removal and treatment method comprises the following steps: cutting; injecting water and dynamically regulating the water level; and putting benthonic animals and herbivorous fishes. According to the comprehensive removal and treatment method for the spartina alterniflora, photosynthesis and growth of the spartina alterniflora are inhibited through mowing and dynamic water level submerging; by introducing herbivorous fishes and benthic animals, the growth ability of the spartina alterniflora is weakened on the ground and underground respectively, the lasting and eco-friendly treatment effect is achieved, a biological control chain for comprehensively preventing and treating the spartina alterniflora is formed, regeneration of the spartina alterniflora is effectively controlled, and the risk that the spartina alterniflora is diffused in a water area is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Spartina alterniflora control, and in particular to a comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora. Background Art

[0002] As an alien invasive species, Spartina alterniflora has strong reproductive ability and adaptability, and is widely spread in coastal wetlands in my country, seriously damaging the ecological environment. The existing technology mainly uses multiple mowing methods to control the growth of Spartina alterniflora, but it cannot control the continued reproduction and spread of Spartina alterniflora.

[0003] Chinese patent CN101176442A discloses a method for controlling the invasive species Spartina alterniflora by integrating mowing and water level regulation technology. The method covers the grass with a depth of 30-50 cm of water to prevent photosynthesis and prevent the recurrence of Spartina alterniflora on the basis of mowing.

[0004] Chinese patent CN113712018A discloses a comprehensive method for controlling Spartina alterniflora by flooding with fresh water, which uses a combination of flooding with fresh water, tilling, and covering with biological mulch to control Spartina alterniflora.

[0005] However, the inhibitory effect of the above-mentioned technology on Spartina alterniflora is short-lived and still cannot effectively control the recurrence, spread and regrowth of Spartina alterniflora. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention can solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art by providing a comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Mowing: Mowing the Spartina alterniflora in the treatment area, and controlling the height after mowing to 15-20 cm;

[0009] (2) injecting water and dynamically regulating the water level: injecting water into the cofferdam of the treatment area until the cut Spartina alterniflora stems are submerged, and dynamically regulating the water level according to the growth height of the Spartina alterniflora stems;

[0010] (3) Release benthic animals and herbivorous fish: After water is injected into the Spartina alterniflora treatment area, release a certain amount of benthic animals and herbivorous fish.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the water level is 55-70 cm.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after mowing, the water level is 55 cm; 10-15 days after mowing, the water level is adjusted to 60-70 cm.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the benthic animals are released promptly after the water is injected; and the herbivorous fish are released within 5-10 days after the water is injected.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the benthic animals include at least one of crayfish, shellfish or mud snails.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of benthic animals released is 100-150 g per square meter.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the herbivorous fish includes at least one of grass carp, carp, crucian carp or mandarin fish.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of herbivorous fish released is 150-200 kg per mu.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides an integrated control method for Spartina alterniflora, which inhibits the photosynthesis and growth of Spartina alterniflora by mowing and dynamic water level flooding; and weakens the growth ability of Spartina alterniflora above ground and underground respectively by introducing herbivorous fish and benthic animals, thereby achieving a lasting and eco-friendly control effect, forming a biological control chain for comprehensively preventing and controlling Spartina alterniflora, effectively controlling its regeneration, and reducing the risk of its spread in water areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention include:

[0021] The present invention discloses a comprehensive method for eliminating Spartina alterniflora, which adopts a comprehensive treatment method combining mowing, dynamic water level regulation and flooding, and foraging by benthic animals and herbivorous fish. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

[0022] (1) Mowing: During the growing season of Spartina alterniflora from April to June, preferably when the nutrient supply shifts from underground roots to aboveground photosynthesis, the Spartina alterniflora in the treatment area should be mowed until the plant height grows to about 40 cm. The height after mowing should be controlled to 10 to 15 cm. Mowing should be done close to the ground surface to reduce the regeneration capacity of the aboveground part.

[0023] (2) Water injection and dynamic water level control: 1m high cofferdam is built around the Spartina alterniflora treatment area. After mowing, water is injected into the cofferdam, and the water level is dynamically regulated to 55-70cm, so as to submerge the stems of Spartina alterniflora, reduce or prevent its photosynthesis, and weaken its regeneration ability. Specifically, after Spartina alterniflora is just mowed, the water injection depth or water injection height is controlled to be 55cm, which can not only submerge the stems of Spartina alterniflora just mowed, but also ensure that the newly grown stems of the seedlings will not be exposed to the water surface; 10-15 days after mowing, the water level is regulated to 60-70cm, further inhibiting the photosynthesis and growth of the seedlings, and ensuring effective control of the germination and growth of Spartina alterniflora. The above-mentioned method of dynamically regulating the water level can be highly real-time, easy to implement, and can effectively inhibit the photosynthesis of Spartina alterniflora after mowing, and inhibit its regeneration.

[0024] (3) Release benthic animals and herbivorous fish: After the water is filled in the Spartina alterniflora treatment area, release benthic animals such as crayfish, shellfish or mud snails in a timely manner, and control the release amount to 100-150g per square meter. The above-mentioned benthic animals can feed on the roots and bottom new shoots of Spartina alterniflora, further reducing its bottom growth potential. In addition, benthic animals can not only feed on the roots of Spartina alterniflora in the soil, but also disturb the bottom mud to reduce the transparency of the water body, reducing the role of light in promoting the growth of underwater Spartina alterniflora seedlings.

[0025] Within 5-10 days after mowing and filling the water, herbivorous fish, such as grass carp, carp, crucian carp or mandarin fish, are released in an amount of 150-200 kg per mu. The above-mentioned herbivorous fish have a natural feeding behavior on underwater plants. In the initial budding stage of Spartina alterniflora, the above-mentioned herbivorous fish are used to continuously forage for its tender leaves and new shoots, which can effectively inhibit the growth of Spartina alterniflora seedlings, prevent its photosynthesis, and weaken its growth ability, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the regeneration of Spartina alterniflora.

[0026] By releasing benthic animals and herbivorous fish in stages, we can ensure that the cut Spartina alterniflora is completely and segmentally suppressed from roots to young leaves, thereby minimizing the recurrence of Spartina alterniflora.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] In 2023, the Yancheng Rare Bird Reserve carried out the Spartina alterniflora control project as part of the habitat quality improvement project. In Zone 4, for the control of Spartina alterniflora, the Spartina alterniflora was first mowed to a stem height of about 15 cm, then 55 cm of water was filled for flooding, and crayfish were introduced at a rate of 100 g per square meter. After 10 days of flooding, the water level was adjusted to 65 cm, and grass carp were introduced at a rate of 150 kg per mu (1 kg / fish).

[0029] The results showed that the recurrence rate of Spartina alterniflora in the area was extremely low, the vegetation restoration effect was good, and the habitat environment was significantly improved.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] In the 2023 Yancheng Nature Reserve Spartina alterniflora control task 1 Division 2, Spartina alterniflora was mowed to a stem height of about 20 cm, then flooded with 55 cm of water, and introduced grass carp and carp at a rate of 200 kg per mu, with grass carp accounting for 95% and carp accounting for 5%. Among them, grass carp mainly feeds on the new shoots of Spartina alterniflora, and carp, in addition to feeding on the new shoots of Spartina alterniflora, also destroys the root system by disturbing the bottom mud. After one year of observation, there was no recurrence of Spartina alterniflora in the control area, the control effect was significant, and the ecological environment of the water body was significantly improved.

[0032] The comprehensive control method of the present invention, after mowing and flooding, through the synergistic effect of fish and benthic animals, the fish mainly forage for the tender leaves and new shoots of Spartina alterniflora, and the benthic animals focus on destroying the roots and bottom buds. The combination of the two forms a biological control chain for comprehensively preventing and controlling Spartina alterniflora, effectively controlling its regeneration and reducing the risk of its spread in the water area.

[0033] The method of the invention has the advantages of simple operation and strong adaptability, and is suitable for the treatment of Spartina alterniflora in various wetlands, breeding areas and protection areas.

[0034] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive method for eliminating Spartina alterniflora, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Mowing: Mowing the Spartina alterniflora in the treatment area, and controlling the height after mowing to 15-20 cm; (2) injecting water and dynamically regulating the water level: injecting water into the cofferdam of the treatment area until the cut Spartina alterniflora stems are submerged, and dynamically regulating the water level according to the growth height of the Spartina alterniflora stems; (3) Release benthic animals and herbivorous fish: After water is injected into the Spartina alterniflora treatment area, release a certain amount of benthic animals and herbivorous fish.

2. The comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the water level is 55 to 70 cm.

3. A comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora according to claim 2, characterized in that: After mowing, the water level is 55 cm; 10-15 days after mowing, the water level is adjusted to 60-70 cm.

4. The comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the benthic animals are released promptly after the water is injected; the herbivorous fish are released within 5-10 days after the water is injected.

5. A comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora according to claim 4, characterized in that: The benthic animals include at least one of crayfish, shellfish or mud snails.

6. The comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora according to claim 5, characterized in that: The amount of benthic animals released is 100-150 g per square meter.

7. The comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora according to claim 4, characterized in that: The herbivorous fish includes at least one of grass carp, carp, crucian carp or mandarin fish.

8. The comprehensive control method for Spartina alterniflora according to claim 7, characterized in that: The amount of herbivorous fish released is 150-200 kg per mu.