A fish scale marking method

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of aquatic animal group marking, and discloses a fish scale marking method, comprising the following steps: (1) using a laser to ablate the scales of the fish to be marked, forming a marking pattern; (2) after the ablation operation, wiping the marking pattern with a reagent; the reagent, by mass fraction, includes 1-3% dye, 5-10% chitosan and 1-3% antibacterial agent, with the remainder being phosphate buffer; (3) then allowing it to stand to complete the marking. This invention, by combining laser ablation and special reagent treatment, can form a durable mark on the surface of the fish, with significant advantages such as high mark retention rate, low operating cost, and minimal impact on the fish, providing a new technical option for fisheries management and fish resource protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of group marking of aquatic animals, and in particular to a method for marking fish scales. Background Technology

[0002] In fisheries management and ecological protection, tagging technology plays a crucial role in fish stock enhancement and release programs. By tagging fish, their migration routes, behavioral patterns, and survival rates can be effectively tracked, providing key data for assessing the effectiveness of stock enhancement. Tagging also helps understand fish population dynamics and ecological relationships, providing a reference for ensuring the sustainable management of fishery resources. Furthermore, tagging technology also plays an important role in controlling invasive species and protecting native ecosystems. In conclusion, tagging technology is an indispensable tool for assessing the effectiveness of stock enhancement and release programs and optimizing fisheries management.

[0003] Currently, methods for tagging fish include fin clipping, fluorescence, tagging, otolith staining, visual implanted elastomers (VIEs), and passive integrated transponders (PITs). However, while these methods are widely used in practice, they still face some challenges, such as tag detachment, potential harm to fish, and difficulty in tag identification or detection. These problems may lead to biases in the evaluation of release effectiveness, thus affecting subsequent management and conservation efforts.

[0004] Compared to traditional methods, fish scale marking technology offers an innovative and effective solution. This technology utilizes a high-energy laser beam to process the material surface at the micrometer level, forming permanent marks on the scales through localized high temperatures or photochemical reactions. Fish scales are primarily composed of collagen, apatite, calcium carbonate, and the cuticle. Laser marking alters the physical and chemical structure of the scale surface, creating visible marks such as text, patterns, or numbers. Since fish scales do not shed naturally during normal growth and life, laser marking can produce high-contrast and durable marks without damaging the scale structure. These marks do not detach or disappear due to the fish's swimming, feeding, or living in different water qualities.

[0005] However, increasing the degree of laser ablation to make its application on fish scales more durable will lead to potential damage to the fish, increasing the risk of infection or foreign body rejection, and more seriously affecting the fish's swimming ability, foraging behavior or reproductive ability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a fish scale marking method that combines laser ablation with treatment with a special agent to form a durable mark on the fish's surface. This method improves the mark retention rate while minimizing damage to the fish, making it more efficient, accurate, and cost-effective.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a fish scale marking method, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) The scales of the fish to be marked are ablated using a laser to form a marking pattern;

[0010] (2) After the ablation operation is performed, the marked pattern is wiped with the reagent; by mass fraction, the reagent includes 1-3% dye, 5-10% chitosan and 1-3% antibacterial agent, and the remainder is phosphate buffer;

[0011] (3) After that, let it stand to complete the marking.

[0012] Before marking, the fish scales are precisely measured. The width and length of the scales on randomly selected fish are measured using an optical microscope or stereomicroscope. Specifically, the scales on the sides of the fish's torso, near the dorsal and ventral sides, are used for measurement to ensure the scientific accuracy of the marking location and the data. Before laser ablation, the fish is anesthetized with an anesthetic, and the head and caudal peduncle are elastically fixed using mechanical equipment to ensure the fish remains stable during marking. Subsequently, the marked area is gently wiped with a soft, absorbent cloth or sponge to remove surface mucus and avoid affecting the marking effect.

[0013] The ablation process utilizes specialized laser emission equipment and is controlled by a computer program. By programming the laser, the output power, wavelength, time, frequency, and movement distance are precisely controlled to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the markings. After the ablation operation, the marked areas need to be treated. The ablated areas are gently wiped with a soft cloth or sponge soaked in a special chemical agent. After wiping, the area is left to stand to allow the agent to fully penetrate the ablation points, thereby enhancing the visibility and durability of the markings.

[0014] Preferably, the fish to be marked are anesthetized before laser ablation.

[0015] Preferably, the anesthesia pretreatment involves anesthetizing the fish to be marked and wiping the marked area to remove mucus from the body surface.

[0016] Preferably, the ablation depth is 5–15 μm.

[0017] Preferably, based on the average measured length L of the scales... a and the average width W a Calculate the area of ​​a single scale, S = L a *W aIf the ablation area on a single scale does not exceed 0.3% of S and is not less than 0.01% of S, then the ablation area on a single scale is 0.03-0.25% of S. More preferably, the ablation area on a single scale is 0.03-0.25% of S.

[0018] Preferably, the ablation area on a single scale is 500–8000 μm. 2 More preferably, the ablation area on a single scale is 1500–8000 μm. 2 .

[0019] Preferably, a circular mark with a diameter of 25 to 100 μm is formed on a single scale.

[0020] Preferably, the marking patterns are distributed on the side of the fish's body near the dorsal and / or ventral sides.

[0021] Preferably, the staining agent includes Alizarin Red S (molecular formula C642-C ... 14 H7NaO7S), Orange G (molecular formula C6H9NS) or Aniline Blue (molecular formula C 32 H 25 One or more of N3O9S3Na2).

[0022] The selected dyes react with the collagen and calcifications in the scales to form a durable, high-contrast mark.

[0023] Preferably, the chitosan is an epidermal cell healing-promoting substance with the chemical name β-(1-4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose and the molecular formula (C6H2O)2-(1-4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose. 11 NO4)n.

[0024] Chitosan can promote cell regeneration and repair of scales and reduce damage to scales caused by laser labeling.

[0025] Preferably, the antibacterial agent is povidone-iodine (PVP-I), with the chemical formula (C6H9NO)n·xI.

[0026] Antibacterial agents can effectively prevent the risk of infection after marking and maintain the health of the scales.

[0027] Preferably, the phosphate buffer is a PBS buffer, comprising sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), sodium chloride (NaCl), and water, with a pH of 7.0–7.4.

[0028] Phosphate buffer ensures the stability of the medication in the aquatic environment and is non-irritating to fish.

[0029] Preferably, the chemical wiping is performed 5 to 10 seconds after the ablation operation.

[0030] Preferably, after applying the medicine to the marked pattern, let it stand for 5-10 seconds to complete the marking.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] (1) Through steps such as fish scale size measurement, laser ablation and treatment with special agents, a lasting mark can be formed on the surface of the fish;

[0033] (2) It has significant advantages such as high marker retention rate, low operating cost and minimal impact on fish, providing new technical options for fishery management and fish resource protection;

[0034] (3) This method does not require complex DNA or elemental analysis or additional labeling to distinguish released populations, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional labeling methods. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 An optical microscope photograph of a single large yellow croaker scale.

[0036] Figure 2 This is an optical microscope photograph of the scales of the large yellow croaker after marking (black dots are the marking patterns).

[0037] Figure 3 An optical microscope photograph of the scales of the marked striped seabream (black dots are markers). Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be illustrated below with specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0039] The fish scale marking method includes the following steps:

[0040] (1) Anesthetize the fish to be marked and wipe the area to be marked to remove the mucus on the body surface; determine the ablation area on a single scale based on the measured scale size data of the fish to be marked, fix the fish to be marked one by one under the laser emitter, and present the fish in the working area. Computer programming is performed based on data such as ablation depth and ablation area. The laser emitter ablates the scales of the fish to be marked according to the programmed parameters. The scales of the fish to be marked are ablated by the laser to form a marking pattern.

[0041] (2) After the ablation operation is performed, wait 5 to 10 seconds, then dip the agent and wipe the marked pattern. The agent consists of 1 to 3% dye, 5 to 10% chitosan and 1 to 3% antibacterial agent by mass fraction, with the remainder being phosphate buffer.

[0042] (3) After wiping, let it stand for 5 to 10 seconds to complete the marking.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, based on the average measured length L of the scales... a and the average width W a Calculate the area of ​​a single scale, S = L a *W a If the ablation area on a single scale does not exceed 0.3% of S, then...

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ablation depth is 5–15 μm.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a circular mark with a diameter of 25–100 μm is formed on a single scale, and the ablation area on a single scale is 500–8000 μm. 2 .

[0046] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the marking patterns are distributed on the side of the fish's body near the dorsal side and / or near the ventral side.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when wiping the marked pattern with the dye, this step is repeated several times until the dye completely covers the marked pattern.

[0048] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the dye includes Alizarin Red S (molecular formula C). 14 H7NaO7S), Orange G (molecular formula C6H9NS) or Aniline Blue (molecular formula C 32 H 25 One or more of N3O9S3Na2).

[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the antibacterial agent is povidone-iodine (PVP-I), whose chemical formula is (C6H9NO)n·xI.

[0050] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the phosphate buffer is a PBS buffer, comprising sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), sodium chloride (NaCl), and water, with a pH value of 7.0 to 7.4.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] (1) Twenty large yellow croakers were randomly selected and numbered. They were anesthetized with an anesthetic, and then their heads and caudal peduncles were mechanically and elastically fixed. Scales were selected from the lateral side of the large yellow croaker's body near the dorsal side, such as... Figure 1As shown, the length L of the fish scale was measured to be 1.51 ± 0.20 mm and the width W was 2.10 ± 0.29 mm using an optical microscope. The average length L was calculated. a The average width W is 1.51mm. a It is 2.10mm.

[0053] (2) Based on the measured dimensional data, the ablation mark pattern was determined to be circular, with an ablation depth of 10 μm and an ablation diameter of 50 μm. The calculated ablation area of ​​the circular mark for each fish scale was 1962.5 μm. 2 .

[0054] (3) Fix each large yellow croaker to be marked below the laser emitter, with the side of the fish facing the working area. Gently wipe the marked area on the side of the fish with a soft, absorbent sponge, applying enough pressure to effectively remove the mucus from the fish's surface without damaging the scales. After removing the mucus from the scales, program the laser emitter according to the above data. The laser emitter will then ablate the scales according to the programmed parameters. Figure 2 As shown, a circular ablation point is distributed on each of the three fish scales, forming a triangle.

[0055] (4) After the ablation operation is completed, wait 8 seconds and gently wipe the ablated area with a sponge soaked in the reagent. After wiping, let it stand for 8 seconds to ensure that the reagent is fully absorbed. The reagent formula by mass fraction is: 3% Alizarin Red S, 7% Chitosan, 1% Povidone-iodine and 89% Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS buffer, pH 7.4).

[0056] After tagging, 20 large yellow croakers were returned to the aquaculture cages. As shown in Table 1, 24 hours after tagging, the survival rate of the large yellow croakers was 100%, and the tag retention rate was 100%. A follow-up inspection three months later showed that the tag retention rate was still 100%.

[0057] Table 1. Individual survival and mark retention after scale marking in large yellow croaker.

[0058] serial number 24-hour survival 24h mark retention 3-month mark retention 1 yes yes yes 2 yes yes yes 3 yes yes yes 4 yes yes yes 5 yes yes yes 6 yes yes yes 7 yes yes yes 8 yes yes yes 9 yes yes yes 10 yes yes yes 11 yes yes yes 12 yes yes yes 13 yes yes yes 14 yes yes yes 15 yes yes yes 16 yes yes yes 17 yes yes yes 18 yes yes yes 19 yes yes yes 20 yes yes yes

[0059] Example 2

[0060] The difference from Example 1 is that a different type of fish is used.

[0061] (1) Twenty striped rock seabream were randomly selected and numbered. They were anesthetized with an anesthetic, and then their heads and caudal peduncles were mechanically and elastically fixed. Scales were taken from the lateral side of the striped rock seabream's body near the dorsal side. Using an optical microscope, the length L was measured to be 1.81±0.21 mm and the width W to be 1.09±0.15 mm. The average length L was calculated. a The average width W is 1.81mm. aIt is 1.09mm.

[0062] (2) Based on the measured dimensional data, the ablation mark pattern was determined to be circular, with an ablation depth of 10 μm and an ablation diameter of 50 μm. The calculated ablation area of ​​the circular mark for each fish scale was 1962.5 μm. 2 .

[0063] (3) Fix each large yellow croaker to be marked below the laser emitter, with the side of the fish facing the working area. Gently wipe the marked area on the side of the fish with a soft, absorbent sponge, applying enough pressure to effectively remove the mucus from the fish's surface without damaging the scales. After removing the mucus from the scales, program the laser emitter according to the above data. The laser emitter will then ablate the scales according to the programmed parameters. Figure 3 As shown, a circular ablation point is distributed on each of the three fish scales, forming a triangle.

[0064] (4) After the ablation operation is completed, wait 8 seconds and gently wipe the ablated area with a sponge soaked in the reagent. After wiping, let it stand for 8 seconds to ensure that the reagent is fully absorbed. The reagent formula by mass fraction is: 3% Alizarin Red S, 7% Chitosan, 1% Povidone-iodine and 89% Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS buffer, pH 7.4).

[0065] After tagging, 20 striped rock seabream were returned to the culture cages. As shown in Table 2, 24 hours after tagging, the survival rate of the striped rock seabream was 100%, and the tag retention rate was 100%. A follow-up inspection three months later showed that the tag retention rate was still 100%.

[0066] Table 2. Survival and Mark Retention of Individuals After Scale Marking in Rockfish

[0067] serial number 24-hour survival 24h mark retention 3-month mark retention 1 yes yes yes 2 yes yes yes 3 yes yes yes 4 yes yes yes 5 yes yes yes 6 yes yes yes 7 yes yes yes 8 yes yes yes 9 yes yes yes 10 yes yes yes 11 yes yes yes 12 yes yes yes 13 yes yes yes 14 yes yes yes 15 yes yes yes 16 yes yes yes 17 yes yes yes 18 yes yes yes 19 yes yes yes 20 yes yes yes

[0068] Example 3

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that the degree of ablation is different and different formulations of the reagents are used.

[0070] (1) Twenty large yellow croakers were randomly selected and numbered. They were anesthetized with an anesthetic, and then their heads and caudal peduncles were mechanically and elastically fixed. Scales were selected from the lateral side of the large yellow croaker's trunk near the dorsal side, with an average scale length L. a The average width W is 1.51mm. a It is 2.10mm.

[0071] (2) Based on the measured dimensional data, the ablation mark pattern was determined to be circular, with an ablation depth of 15 μm and an ablation diameter of 70 μm. The calculated ablation area of ​​the circular mark for each fish scale was 3846.5 μm. 2 .

[0072] (3) Fix the large yellow croakers to be marked one by one under the laser emitter, with the sides of the fish facing the working area. Gently wipe the marked area on the side of the fish with a soft, absorbent sponge, using a pressure that effectively removes the mucus from the fish's surface without damaging the scales. After removing the mucus from the scales, program the laser emitter according to the above data. The laser emitter will ablate the scales according to the programmed parameters, creating a triangle with a circular ablation point on each of the three scales.

[0073] (4) After the ablation operation is completed, wait 8 seconds and then gently wipe the ablated area with a sponge soaked in the reagent. After wiping, let it stand for 8 seconds to ensure that the reagent is fully absorbed. The reagent formula is as follows by mass fraction: 2% Alizarin Red S, 8% chitosan, 2% povidone-iodine and 88% phosphate buffer solution (PBS buffer, pH 7.4).

[0074] Example 4

[0075] The difference from Example 1 is that the degree of ablation is different and different formulations of the reagents are used.

[0076] (1) Twenty large yellow croakers were randomly selected and numbered. They were anesthetized with an anesthetic, and then their heads and caudal peduncles were mechanically and elastically fixed. Scales were selected from the lateral side of the large yellow croaker's trunk near the dorsal side, with an average scale length L. a The average width W is 1.51mm. a It is 2.10mm.

[0077] (2) Based on the measured dimensional data, the ablation mark pattern was determined to be circular, with an ablation depth of 10 μm and an ablation diameter of 100 μm. The calculated ablation area of ​​the circular mark for each fish scale was 7850 μm. 2 .

[0078] (3) Fix the large yellow croakers to be marked one by one under the laser emitter, with the sides of the fish facing the working area. Gently wipe the marked area on the side of the fish with a soft, absorbent sponge, using a pressure that effectively removes the mucus from the fish's surface without damaging the scales. After removing the mucus from the scales, program the laser emitter according to the above data. The laser emitter will ablate the scales according to the programmed parameters, creating a triangle with a circular ablation point on each of the three scales.

[0079] (4) After the ablation operation is completed, wait 8 seconds and then gently wipe the ablated area with a sponge soaked in the reagent. After wiping, let it stand for 8 seconds to ensure that the reagent is fully absorbed. The reagent formula is as follows by mass fraction: 1% Alizarin Red S, 10% Chitosan, 3% Povidone-iodine and 86% Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS buffer, pH 7.4).

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] The difference from Example 1 is that the degree of ablation is too low.

[0082] (1) Twenty large yellow croakers were randomly selected and numbered. They were anesthetized with an anesthetic, and then their heads and caudal peduncles were mechanically and elastically fixed. Scales were selected from the lateral side of the large yellow croaker's trunk near the dorsal side, with an average scale length L. a The average width W is 1.51mm. a It is 2.10mm.

[0083] (2) Based on the measured dimensional data, the ablation mark pattern was determined to be circular, with an ablation depth of 4 μm and an ablation diameter of 25 μm. The calculated ablation area of ​​the circular mark for each fish scale was 500 μm. 2 .

[0084] (3) Fix the large yellow croakers to be marked one by one under the laser emitter, with the sides of the fish facing the working area. Gently wipe the marked area on the side of the fish with a soft, absorbent sponge, using a pressure that effectively removes the mucus from the fish's surface without damaging the scales. After removing the mucus from the scales, program the laser emitter according to the above data. The laser emitter will ablate the scales according to the programmed parameters, creating a triangle with a circular ablation point on each of the three scales.

[0085] (4) After the ablation operation is completed, wait 8 seconds and gently wipe the ablated area with a sponge soaked in the reagent. After wiping, let it stand for 8 seconds to ensure that the reagent is fully absorbed. The reagent formula by mass fraction is: 3% Alizarin Red S, 7% Chitosan, 1% Povidone-iodine and 89% Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS buffer, pH 7.4).

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] The difference from Example 1 is that no chemical wiping was performed.

[0088] (1) Twenty large yellow croakers were randomly selected and numbered. They were anesthetized with an anesthetic, and then their heads and caudal peduncles were mechanically and elastically fixed. Scales were selected from the lateral side of the large yellow croaker's trunk near the dorsal side, with an average scale length L. a The average width W is 1.51mm. a It is 2.10mm.

[0089] (2) Based on the measured dimensional data, the ablation mark pattern was determined to be circular, with an ablation depth of 10 μm and an ablation diameter of 50 μm. The calculated ablation area of ​​the circular mark for each fish scale was 1962.5 μm. 2 .

[0090] (3) Fix the large yellow croakers to be marked one by one under the laser emitter, with the sides of the fish facing the working area. Gently wipe the marked area on the side of the fish with a soft, absorbent sponge, using a pressure that effectively removes the mucus from the fish's surface without damaging the scales. After removing the mucus from the scales, program the laser emitter according to the above data. The laser emitter will ablate the scales according to the programmed parameters, creating a triangle with a circular ablation point on each of the three scales.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] The difference from Example 1 is that the degree of staining by the agent is too low.

[0093] (1) Twenty large yellow croakers were randomly selected and numbered. They were anesthetized with an anesthetic, and then their heads and caudal peduncles were mechanically and elastically fixed. Scales were selected from the lateral side of the large yellow croaker's trunk near the dorsal side, with an average scale length L. a The average width W is 1.51mm. a It is 2.10mm.

[0094] (2) Based on the measured dimensional data, the ablation mark pattern was determined to be circular, with an ablation depth of 10 μm and an ablation diameter of 50 μm. The calculated ablation area of ​​the circular mark for each fish scale was 1962.5 μm. 2 .

[0095] (3) Fix the large yellow croakers to be marked one by one under the laser emitter, with the sides of the fish facing the working area. Gently wipe the marked area on the side of the fish with a soft, absorbent sponge, using a pressure that effectively removes the mucus from the fish's surface without damaging the scales. After removing the mucus from the scales, program the laser emitter according to the above data. The laser emitter will ablate the scales according to the programmed parameters, creating a triangle with a circular ablation point on each of the three scales.

[0096] (4) After the ablation operation is completed, wait 8 seconds and then gently wipe the ablated area with a sponge soaked in the reagent. After wiping, let it stand for 8 seconds to ensure that the reagent is fully absorbed. The reagent formula is as follows by mass fraction: 0.5% Alizarin Red S, 7% chitosan, 1% povidone-iodine and 89% phosphate buffer solution (PBS buffer, pH 7.4).

[0097] Comparative Example 4

[0098] The difference from Example 1 is that the concentration of chitosan in the preparation is lower.

[0099] (1) Twenty large yellow croakers were randomly selected and numbered. They were anesthetized with an anesthetic, and then their heads and caudal peduncles were mechanically and elastically fixed. Scales were selected from the lateral side of the large yellow croaker's trunk near the dorsal side, with an average scale length L. aThe average width W is 1.51mm. a It is 2.10mm.

[0100] (2) Based on the measured dimensional data, the ablation mark pattern was determined to be circular, with an ablation depth of 10 μm and an ablation diameter of 50 μm. The calculated ablation area of ​​the circular mark for each fish scale was 1962.5 μm. 2 .

[0101] (3) Fix the large yellow croakers to be marked one by one under the laser emitter, with the sides of the fish facing the working area. Gently wipe the marked area on the side of the fish with a soft, absorbent sponge, using a pressure that effectively removes the mucus from the fish's surface without damaging the scales. After removing the mucus from the scales, program the laser emitter according to the above data. The laser emitter will ablate the scales according to the programmed parameters, creating a triangle with a circular ablation point on each of the three scales.

[0102] (4) After the ablation operation is completed, wait 8 seconds and then gently wipe the ablated area with a sponge soaked in the reagent. After wiping, let it stand for 8 seconds to ensure that the reagent is fully absorbed. The reagent formula by mass fraction is: 3% Alizarin Red S, 3% Chitosan, 1% Povidone-iodine and 96% Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS buffer, pH 7.4).

[0103] Table 3

[0104] 24-hour survival rate 24h label retention rate 3-month marker retention rate Example 1 100％ 100％ 100％ Example 3 100％ 100％ 100％ Example 4 100％ 100％ 100％ Comparative Example 1 100％ 85% (3 tails without markings) 60% (8 tails without markings) Comparative Example 2 90% (2 tails did not survive) 90% (2 tails without markings) 75% (5 tails without markings) Comparative Example 3 100％ 90% (2 tails without markings) 85% (3 tails without markings) Comparative Example 4 95% (1 fish did not survive) 95% (1 tail without a mark) 90% (2 tails without markings)

[0105] The survival rate and mark retention of 20 large yellow croakers after scale marking were recorded in Examples 3-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 according to Table 1, and the results were statistically analyzed. As shown in Table 3, similar to Example 1, the 20 large yellow croakers in Examples 3-4 achieved a 100% survival rate and mark retention rate after 24 hours of scale marking. This indicates that within the scope of this invention, by combining laser ablation and special agent treatment, a durable mark can be formed on the fish surface, improving the mark retention rate while causing less damage to the fish. This method has significant advantages such as high mark retention rate, low operating cost, and minimal impact on the fish, providing a new technical option for fisheries management and fish resource protection. Furthermore, this method does not require complex DNA or elemental analysis or additional marking to distinguish released groups, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional marking methods.

[0106] The reduced mark retention rate observed in Comparative Example 1 indicates that insufficient laser ablation is detrimental to good mark durability. Even with specialized treatment, a high mark retention rate cannot be maintained, especially after 3 months where it significantly decreases. Comparative Examples 2-4 demonstrate that chemical treatment also affects mark retention rate, and the components in the chemical treatment reduce laser damage to the fish, thus improving fish survival rates.

[0107] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish scale marking method characterized by, It comprises the following steps: (1) The fish to be marked is subjected to laser ablation on its scales, the ablation area on a single scale being not more than 0.3% of the area S of the single scale and not less than 0.01% of the area S of the single scale, the depth of ablation being 5-15 μm, to form a marking pattern; (2) After the ablation operation, the marking pattern is wiped with a medicament; the medicament comprises 1-3% of a dyeing agent, 5-10% of chitosan and 1-3% of an antibacterial agent, the rest being a phosphate buffer; the dyeing agent comprises one or more of alizarin red S, orange G and aniline blue; (3) Then, standing, the marking is completed.

2. The fish scale marking method according to claim 1, characterized by, The fish to be marked is subjected to anesthetic pretreatment before laser ablation.

3. The fish scale marking method according to claim 1, wherein According to the measured length average value L of the scales a and the measured width average value W a The area S = L a W a is calculated for the individual scales.

4. The fish scale marking method according to claim 1, characterized by, The ablation area on a single scale is 500-8000 μm 2 .

5. The fish scale marking method according to claim 4, wherein The ablation area on a single scale is 1500-8000 μm 2 .

6. The fish scale marking method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The marking pattern is distributed on the fish body trunk lateral near the dorsal side and / or near the ventral side.

7. The fish scale marking method according to claim 1, wherein The antibacterial agent is povidone-iodine.

8. The fish scale marking method according to claim 1, wherein The phosphate buffer comprises sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride and water, and has a pH value of 7.0-7.

4.

9. The fish scale marking method according to claim 1, wherein The medicament wiping is performed 5-10 s after the ablation operation.

10. The fish scale marking method according to claim 1 or 9, wherein After the marking pattern is wiped with the medicament, standing for 5-10 s, the marking is completed.

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