Ecological concrete for cold region and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a plantable ecological concrete for cold regions and its preparation method. The plantable ecological concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-450 parts cementitious material, 50-80 parts alkali activator, 15-20 parts nutrient matrix, 150-200 parts sand, 1400-1600 parts gravel, 2-3 parts water-retaining agent, 40-60 parts crosslinking agent, 20-30 parts toughening agent, 3.5-5 parts water-reducing agent, and 80-100 parts water. The crosslinking agent is a mixture of multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine and polyether epoxy silicone oil in a mass ratio of 1:2-3, and the toughening agent is an epoxy silane coupling agent modified silicone rubber. The crosslinking agent improves the strength of the concrete, and the toughening agent improves the toughness of the concrete. While improving the strength, the toughness of the concrete is also enhanced, achieving a toughness-strength balance. This allows it to resist the pressure generated by ice crystal expansion and absorb and dissipate energy through ductile deformation, thus improving the freeze-thaw resistance of the ecological concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological concrete technology, specifically relating to a plantable ecological concrete for cold regions and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Mineral resources are the foundation of socio-economic development. my country possesses abundant mineral resources, including 155 types distributed across more than 200,000 sites. However, frequent and unregulated mining practices are severely damaging soil structure. The lack of topsoil vegetation protection leads to soil erosion, decreased fertility, and impaired nutrient absorption by plants.

[0003] Ecological concrete, also known as vegetation concrete, is a type of concrete and its products that can adapt to the growth of green plants and have certain protective functions. It has been widely used in the vegetation restoration of mine slopes. In engineering applications, it is sprayed onto the slope using hydroseeding equipment to achieve an organic combination of shallow protection and ecological restoration.

[0004] For example, patent CN112876183B discloses a plantable lightweight porous concrete and its preparation method. The present invention provides that the plantable lightweight porous concrete includes the following components in the following weight ratios: 260-300 parts of slag silicate cement; 90-100 parts of water; 30-40 parts of river sand; 700-800 parts of sludge ceramsite; 50-75 parts of fly ash; 10-15 parts of silica fume; 20-25 parts of acrylic emulsion; and 5.5-8 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer. Patent CN104944892B discloses an ecological concrete for slope greening and its preparation method. This ecological concrete comprises the following components: 1200-1300 parts coarse sand, 200-250 parts ceramic sand, 70-100 parts cement, 25-50 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 20-30 parts sodium silicate, 3-5 parts superphosphate, 2-3 parts vermiculite, 2-3 parts perlite, 5-10 parts peat moss, and 160-200 parts water. Patent CN110407544B discloses an ecological porous concrete and its preparation method and application, comprising the following components by weight: 1-30 parts low-alkalinity cementitious material, 1-10 parts water, 0.1-5 parts polymer, 0.1-3 parts water-reducing agent, and 65-90 parts aggregate.

[0005] The above describes ecological concrete slope protection technology, which has a wide range of applications, covering slopes of different types, including gentle slopes, steep slopes, and vertical slopes. It can solve the problem of shallow protection and ecological greening of slopes in mining areas once and for all. However, for cold and high-altitude mining areas in the north with economic development, such as those with photovoltaic power stations, if winters are prolonged, everything must withstand the test of freeze-thaw cycles. The ecological concrete mentioned above has a large number of pores that provide space for water to enter and be stored. The freezing and melting of water in the pores will cause huge cyclic internal stress in the concrete, leading to cracks. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, the cracks will continue to expand, extend, and connect with each other. This not only weakens the strength and integrity of the ecological concrete, but also causes its surface to peel off and flak, resulting in deviations in equipment installation positions, affecting the accuracy and calibration of photovoltaic arrays, thereby reducing photoelectric conversion efficiency, reducing power output, and hindering the diversified development of the mining area.

[0006] Therefore, developing an eco-friendly concrete with excellent freeze-thaw resistance is of great significance for the ecological restoration and economic development of cold and high-altitude mining areas. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a plantable ecological concrete for cold regions and its preparation method. This invention employs a crosslinking agent composed of hydrophilic multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine and polyether epoxy silicone oil. Through the reaction between amine and epoxy groups, chemical bonds are formed at the weak interfaces between aggregates and cementitious materials within the concrete, creating a three-dimensional network crosslinked structure that resists ice expansion stress. This effectively prevents the separation of aggregates and cementitious materials and reduces the damage to the internal structure of the concrete caused by ice expansion. An epoxy-based silane coupling agent modifies the silicone rubber as a toughening agent. The epoxy groups enable it to adhere well to the surfaces of various materials in the concrete. While reacting with the multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine in the crosslinking agent to construct an interpenetrating network structure, it also absorbs and disperses stress during each freeze-thaw cycle, preventing damage to the concrete under repeated freeze-thaw stress. Crosslinking agents primarily focus on improving the strength of concrete, while toughening agents primarily focus on improving its toughness. When used together, they can enhance the toughness of concrete while simultaneously increasing its strength, achieving a good balance between toughness and strength. In this way, during freeze-thaw cycles, the concrete can resist the pressure generated by the expansion of ice crystals and absorb and dissipate energy through ductile deformation, thereby effectively improving the freeze-thaw resistance of eco-friendly concrete.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0009] A type of vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-450 parts cementitious material, 50-80 parts alkali activator, 15-20 parts nutrient matrix, 150-200 parts sand, 1400-1600 parts gravel, 2-3 parts water-retaining agent, 40-60 parts crosslinking agent, 20-30 parts toughening agent, 3.5-5 parts water-reducing agent, and 80-100 parts water; wherein the crosslinking agent is a mixture of multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine and polyether epoxy silicone oil in a mass ratio of 1:2-3, and the toughening agent is an epoxy silane coupling agent modified organosilicon rubber.

[0010] The multi-arm polyethylene glycolamine has a weight-average molecular weight of 3000-5000 g / mol and is selected from one or a combination of two or more of four-arm polyethylene glycolamine, six-arm polyethylene glycolamine, and eight-arm polyethylene glycolamine, preferably six-arm polyethylene glycolamine.

[0011] The polyether epoxy silicone oil has an epoxy value of 12-25 mmol / 100g. Polyether epoxy silicone oil is made by inserting multiple side-chain reactive polyether epoxy groups into a linear polydimethylsiloxane molecule. It is often used as a fabric finishing agent and possesses hydrophilicity, high-temperature resistance, and good reactivity.

[0012] The epoxy silane coupling agent modified silicone rubber is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0013] The epoxy silane coupling agent is added to the hydrolysate for hydrolysis, and then silicone rubber is added for modification. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the epoxy silane coupling agent modified silicone rubber.

[0014] The hydrolysate is prepared by first mixing ethanol and water to form an alcohol-water solution, and then adjusting the pH to 4.5-5.5 with acetic acid, wherein the ethanol mass fraction in the alcohol-water solution is 90-95 wt%. The epoxy-silane coupling agent accounts for 3-5 wt% of the hydrolysate. The epoxy-silane coupling agent is 3-5 wt% of silicone rubber. The hydrolysis reaction temperature is 40-60℃ and the time is 0.5-1 h. The modification reaction temperature is 40-60℃ and the time is 1-3 h. The washing is performed by washing with water 1-3 times, and the drying is performed by drying at 60-100℃ to constant weight.

[0015] The epoxy silane coupling agent is selected from one or a combination of two or more of the following: 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltriethoxysilane, 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propylmethyldiethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltriethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethylmethyldimethoxysilane, and 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethylmethyldiethoxysilane.

[0016] The silicone rubber has an average particle size of 5-15 μm and is selected from one or a combination of two or more of Shin-Etsu KMP-594, KMP-597, and KMP-598 from Japan.

[0017] Crosslinking agents primarily focus on improving the strength of concrete, while toughening agents primarily focus on improving its toughness and crack resistance. When used together, they can enhance both the strength and toughness of concrete, achieving a good balance between toughness and strength. Mismatch between the two is detrimental to freeze-thaw resistance. For example, excessive crosslinking agents can create too many crosslinking points inside the concrete, hindering the normal growth and distribution of cement hydration products, resulting in an uneven internal structure, increased porosity, and lower compressive strength. Conversely, excessive toughening agents cannot form a sufficient crosslinking network structure to effectively limit the growth and expansion of ice crystals, leading to a significant decrease in freeze-thaw resistance.

[0018] The cementitious material is a mixture of cement, fly ash, and mineral powder in a mass ratio of 0.6-0.8:0.2-0.3:0.2-0.3.

[0019] The cement is silicate cement with a strength of 42.5-52.5.

[0020] The fly ash is selected from one or a combination of two or more of primary fly ash and secondary fly ash.

[0021] The mineral powder is selected from one or a combination of two or more of the following: S105 grade mineral powder, S95 grade mineral powder, and S75 grade mineral powder.

[0022] The alkaline activator is selected from one or a combination of two or more of sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and sodium carbonate.

[0023] The nutrient substrate is selected from one or a combination of two or more of vermiculite, perlite, peat, and organic fertilizer. Preferably, the bulk density is 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Perlite with an average particle size of 0.5-3 mm.

[0024] The fineness modulus of the sand is 2.3-3.

[0025] The stones are 10-20mm continuously graded stones.

[0026] The water-retaining agent is selected from one or a combination of two or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0027] The water-reducing agent has a water reduction rate of 20-25% and is selected from one or a combination of two or more of naphthalene-based and polycarboxylate-based water-reducing agents.

[0028] This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Mix gravel, polyether epoxy silicone oil, and water evenly, then add cementitious materials, multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine, alkali activator, nutrient matrix, sand, water-retaining agent, toughening agent, and water-reducing agent and mix evenly to obtain vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions.

[0030] An application of vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions, wherein the vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions is sprayed or laid on slopes requiring protection and greening.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] The concrete of this invention contains a crosslinking agent composed of a mixture of hydrophilic multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine and polyether epoxy silicone oil. Through the reaction between amine and epoxy groups, chemical bonds are formed at the weak interface between aggregates and cementitious materials in the concrete, forming a three-dimensional network crosslinked structure that can resist ice expansion stress. This effectively prevents the separation of aggregates and cementitious materials and reduces the damage to the internal structure of concrete caused by ice expansion. The epoxy-based silane coupling agent modifies the silicone rubber as a toughening agent. The epoxy groups enable it to adhere well to the surface of various materials in the concrete. While reacting with the multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine in the crosslinking agent to construct an interpenetrating network structure, it can also absorb and disperse stress in each freeze-thaw cycle, so that the concrete does not break under repeated freeze-thaw stress. Crosslinking agents primarily focus on improving the strength of concrete, while toughening agents primarily focus on improving the toughness and crack resistance of concrete. When used together, they can enhance the toughness of concrete while simultaneously increasing its strength, achieving a good balance between toughness and strength. In this way, during freeze-thaw cycles, concrete can resist the pressure generated by the expansion of ice crystals and absorb and dissipate energy through ductile deformation, thereby effectively improving the freeze-thaw resistance of eco-friendly concrete. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited to the contents of the specification. Unless otherwise specified, all "parts" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention are parts by weight. All reagents used are commercially available in the art.

[0034] The six-arm polyethylene glycolamines, with weight-average molecular weights of 3000 g / mol and 5000 g / mol, were purchased from Kaixin Biotechnology.

[0035] The silicone rubber KMP-598 was purchased from Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. in Japan, with an average particle size of 13 μm.

[0036] Polyether epoxy silicone oils KL-80M and KL-130M were purchased from Changzhou Runqian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0037] KL-80M has a weight-average molecular weight of 9000-14000 g / mol and an epoxy value of 23 mmol / 100g.

[0038] KL-130M has a weight-average molecular weight of 9000-14000 g / mol and an epoxy value of 12 mmol / 100g.

[0039] Perlite bulk density 78 kg / m³ 3 The average particle size was 2.3 mm, and it was purchased from Chengde Stof Perlite Co., Ltd.

[0040] Quartz sand was purchased from Zhongsha New Materials (Zhaoqing City) Co., Ltd.: 60wt% quartz sand with a fineness modulus of 2.3 and 40wt% quartz sand with a fineness modulus of 3.

[0041] The 10-20mm continuously graded gravel was purchased from Shandong Baotian Stone Industry Co., Ltd.

[0042] Hydroxyethyl cellulose with a weight-average molecular weight of 122,000 was purchased from Shanghai Zhenzhun Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0043] SSF-1000 series naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent with a water reduction rate of 21.8%, purchased from Hubei Shanshufeng Building Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] 1) Add 5g of 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane to 100g of ethanol-water solution (ethanol mass fraction of 95wt%) adjusted to pH 4.5 with acetic acid for hydrolysis, add 100g of organosilicon rubber KMP-598 for modification reaction, filter, wash with water 3 times, and dry at 100℃ to constant weight to obtain the epoxy silane coupling agent modified organosilicon rubber;

[0046] 2) Mix 1400g of gravel (10-20mm continuous gradation), 45g of KL-130M polyether epoxy silicone oil, and 100g of water evenly. Add 450g of cementitious material made of silicate cement with a strength of 42.5, grade 1 fly ash, and S95 grade mineral powder in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.3:0.2, 15g of hexagonal polyethylene glycol amine with a weight average molecular weight of 3000g / mol, 80g of calcium sulfate, 20g of perlite, 200g of quartz sand, 2.5g of water-retaining agent hydroxyethyl cellulose, 20g of epoxy silane coupling agent modified organosilicon rubber toughening agent, and 4g of SSF-1000 series naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent. Mix evenly to obtain vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that in step 2), the amount of KL-130M polyether epoxy silicone oil is 40g and the amount of multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine is 20g.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that in step 2), the amount of KL-130M polyether epoxy silicone oil is 30g and the amount of multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine is 10g.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that in step 2), KL-130M is replaced with KL-80M of equal mass.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that in step 2), six-armed polyethylene glycolamine with a weight average molecular weight of 5000 g / mol is used instead of six-armed polyethylene glycolamine with a weight average molecular weight of 3000 g / mol.

[0055] Example 6

[0056] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that in step 2), the amount of epoxy silane coupling agent modified silicone rubber toughening agent is 30g.

[0057] Example 7

[0058] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that: 2) 1600g of gravel, 45g of KL-130M polyether epoxy silicone oil, and 100g of water are mixed evenly, and 450g of cementitious material made of silicate cement with a strength of 42.5, grade 1 fly ash, and S95 grade mineral powder in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.3:0.2 is added, along with 15g of hexagonal polyethylene glycol amine with a weight average molecular weight of 3000g / mol, 80g of calcium sulfate, 20g of perlite, 200g of quartz sand, 2.5g of water-retaining agent hydroxyethyl cellulose, 30g of epoxy silane coupling agent modified organosilicon rubber toughening agent, and 4g of SSF-1000 series naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent are mixed evenly to obtain cold-region vegetation-friendly ecological concrete.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that in step 1), 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane is replaced with an equal mass of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that in step 2), the amount of KL-130M polyether epoxy silicone oil is 52.5g and the amount of multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine is 17.5g.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that in step 2), the amount of epoxy silane coupling agent modified silicone rubber toughening agent is 40g.

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] The rest is the same as in Example 1, except that step 1) is omitted, i.e., the silicone rubber is not modified.

[0067] Mix 1400g of gravel (10-20mm continuous gradation), 45g of KL-130M polyether epoxy silicone oil, and 100g of water evenly. Add 450g of cementitious material made of silicate cement with a strength of 42.5, grade 1 fly ash, and S95 grade mineral powder in a mass ratio of 0.8:0.3:0.2, 15g of hexagonal polyethylene glycol amine with a weight average molecular weight of 3000g / mol, 80g of calcium sulfate, 20g of perlite, 200g of quartz sand, 2.5g of hydroxyethyl cellulose water-retaining agent, 20g of KMP-598 toughening agent for silicone rubber, and 4g of SSF-1000 series naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent. Mix evenly to obtain vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions.

[0068] The following performance tests were conducted on the eco-concrete prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples:

[0069] 1. Compressive strength: Refer to standard GB / T 50081-2002 Test Method for Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete, specimen size is 150mm×150mm×150mm, loading speed is 0.3MPa / s.

[0070] 2. Porosity: The porosity was determined in accordance with the standard GB / T 775-2010 Technical Specification for Permeable Concrete Pavement.

[0071] 3. Freeze-thaw resistance test: Refer to the slow freezing method in the standard GB / T 50082-2009 Test Method for Long-term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete. The conditions are -25℃ / 4h + 25℃ / 4h, and a 2h stay at -25℃, which is one cycle. The cycle is repeated 75 times, and the compressive strength is retested.

[0072] Table 1 Performance Test Results

[0073] project Porosity % compressive strength (MPa) Compressive strength retention rate % Example 1 20.8 27.6 95.6 Example 2 21.0 27.1 94.7 Example 3 21.7 23.5 90.4 Example 4 20.4 27.9 94.3 Example 5 20.5 26.7 95.0 Example 6 20.3 25.9 95.9 Example 7 24.5 21.8 88.5 Comparative Example 1 20.7 27.3 90.6 Comparative Example 2 26.2 18.2 81.2 Comparative Example 3 18.6 18.6 92.1 Comparative Example 4 20.7 25.0 80.8

[0074] As can be seen from Table 1, the ecological concrete prepared by this invention has high strength and a high compressive strength retention rate, which can resist freeze-thaw damage in cold northern and high-altitude mining areas, and is suitable for laying on the slopes of mining areas with photovoltaic power stations where certain strength requirements are required.

[0075] The above detailed description is a specific description of one of the feasible embodiments of the present invention. This embodiment is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the present invention should be included within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 300-450 parts of cementitious material, 50-80 parts of alkali activator, 15-20 parts of nutrient matrix, 150-200 parts of sand, 1400-1600 parts of gravel, 2-3 parts of water-retaining agent, 40-60 parts of crosslinking agent, 20-30 parts of toughening agent, 3.5-5 parts of water-reducing agent, and 80-100 parts of water; wherein the crosslinking agent is a mixture of multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine and polyether epoxy silicone oil in a mass ratio of 1:2-3, and the toughening agent is an epoxy silane coupling agent modified silicone rubber.

2. The vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine has a weight-average molecular weight of 3000-5000 g / mol and is selected from one or a combination of two or more of four-arm polyethylene glycol amine, six-arm polyethylene glycol amine, and eight-arm polyethylene glycol amine; the polyether epoxy silicone oil has an epoxy value of 12-25 mmol / 100g.

3. The vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The epoxy silane coupling agent modified silicone rubber is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: The epoxy silane coupling agent is added to the hydrolysate for hydrolysis, and then silicone rubber is added for modification. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the epoxy silane coupling agent modified silicone rubber.

4. The vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydrolysate is prepared by first mixing ethanol and water to form an alcohol-water solution, and then adding acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5-5.5, wherein the mass fraction of ethanol in the alcohol-water solution is 90-95 wt%; the epoxy silane coupling agent accounts for 3-5 wt% of the hydrolysate; and the epoxy silane coupling agent is 3-5 wt% of silicone rubber.

5. The vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The epoxy silane coupling agent is selected from one or a combination of two or more of 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltriethoxysilane, 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propylmethyldiethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltriethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethylmethyldimethoxysilane, and 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethylmethyldiethoxysilane.

6. The vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silicone rubber has an average particle size of 5-15 μm and is selected from one or a combination of two or more of Shin-Etsu KMP-594, KMP-597, and KMP-598 from Japan.

7. The vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cementitious material is composed of cement, fly ash, and mineral powder mixed in a mass ratio of 0.6-0.8:0.2-0.3:0.2-0.3; The cement is silicate cement with a strength of 42.5-52.5; The fly ash is selected from one or a combination of two or more of primary fly ash and secondary fly ash; The mineral powder is selected from one or a combination of two or more of the following: S105 grade mineral powder, S95 grade mineral powder, and S75 grade mineral powder.

8. The vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alkaline activator is selected from one or a combination of two or more of sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and sodium carbonate; the nutrient matrix is ​​selected from one or a combination of two or more of vermiculite, perlite, peat, and organic fertilizer; the fineness modulus of the sand is 2.3-3; and the gravel is 10-20mm continuously graded gravel.

9. The vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to claim 8, characterized in that, The nutrient substrate has a bulk density of 50-80 kg / m³. 3 Perlite with an average particle size of 0.5-3 mm.

10. The method for preparing vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Mix gravel, polyether epoxy silicone oil, and water evenly, then add cementitious materials, multi-arm polyethylene glycol amine, alkali activator, nutrient matrix, sand, water-retaining agent, toughening agent, and water-reducing agent and mix evenly to obtain vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions.

11. The application of the vegetation-friendly ecological concrete for cold regions as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, In cold regions, vegetation-friendly ecological concrete is sprayed or laid on slopes requiring protection and greening.