Landslide composite slope protection retaining structure and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of landslide slope protection and retaining, and specifically relates to a landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and its construction method. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure includes a drainage and anti-slip structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a soil retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body. The drainage and anti-slip structure includes front anti-slide piles, a front crown beam, and precast reinforced diversion ribs. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure can adapt to complex terrains such as soft soil foundations and heavy rainfall. By using the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure to reinforce and drain the weathered layer at the upper part of the landslide body, and further restricting the lateral displacement of the mountain body at the lower part through the soil retaining structure. The precast reinforced diversion ribs and the precast retaining wall are prefabricated products in the factory, combined with on-site casting construction, which can effectively improve the construction speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of landslide slope protection and retaining, and particularly to a landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and its construction method. Background Art

[0002] When a landslide occurs, buildings within the landslide area will suffer serious damage. For example, the foundation of a house may undergo uneven settlement as the soil mass slides, resulting in cracks in the walls, and in severe cases, the house may collapse entirely. In mountain villages, if a large-scale landslide occurs, the houses in the entire village may be buried, causing casualties and huge property losses. For industrial buildings and infrastructure such as factory buildings and warehouses, landslides may damage the building structure and cause damage to the internal equipment. At the same time, transportation infrastructure such as railways and highways will also be affected. The landslide mass may bury the railway tracks or the road surface, interrupting traffic. Existing landslide support and protection structures include structures such as anti-slide piles or retaining walls. In practical applications, the protection ability of a single protection structure is limited and its drainage performance is poor, while complex combined structures have problems such as slow construction speed. In view of this, this case is thus generated. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems through a landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and its construction method.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure includes a drainage and anti-slide structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a soil retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body. The drainage and anti-slide structure includes a front anti-slide pile, a front capping beam, and precast reinforced diversion ribs. The front anti-slide pile penetrates deep into the landslide body, the front capping beam covers the top of the front anti-slide pile, the precast reinforced diversion ribs extend downward along the surface of the landslide body, and the bottom end of the precast reinforced diversion ribs is connected to the front capping beam. A concrete protection layer is covered on the landslide body between the precast reinforced diversion ribs. The soil retaining structure includes a rear anti-slide pile, a rear capping beam, and a precast retaining wall. The rear anti-slide pile penetrates deep into the landslide body, the rear capping beam covers the top of the rear anti-slide pile, and the precast retaining wall is arranged on the rear capping beam.

[0005] Preferably, longitudinal diversion grooves extending longitudinally are provided on the precast reinforced diversion ribs.

[0006] Preferably, transverse diversion grooves extending transversely are provided on the front capping beam, and the transverse diversion grooves communicate with the longitudinal diversion grooves.

[0007] Preferably, the precast reinforced diversion ribs are connected by cross beams, and the concrete protection layer is concrete, reinforced concrete, or a soil nail wall.

[0008] Preferably, the longitudinal diversion groove is provided with a through diversion hole and an anchoring hole. A diversion pipe extending into the landslide body is arranged in the diversion hole, and a cable anchor extending into the landslide body is arranged in the anchoring hole.

[0009] Preferably, the side wall of the diversion pipe is distributed with permeation through holes. A porous ceramic column is arranged inside the diversion pipe. A hollow water diversion channel is arranged inside the porous ceramic column. A plurality of porous ceramic columns are connected in series through a long rod.

[0010] Preferably, the cable anchor includes an expansion shell anchor head, an anchor rod, a backing plate and a nut. One end of the anchor rod is provided with an expansion shell anchor head, and the other end is provided with a backing plate and a nut.

[0011] Preferably, there are two rows of front anti-slide piles. The diameter of the front anti-slide pile closer to the slope top side is larger than that of the front anti-slide pile closer to the slope bottom side, and the length of the front anti-slide pile closer to the slope top side is smaller than that of the front anti-slide pile closer to the slope bottom side. There are two rows of rear anti-slide piles, and their diameters and lengths are the same.

[0012] Preferably, the precast retaining wall includes a soil retaining wall, side support walls and limiting walls. The side support walls are located on both sides of the soil retaining wall. The limiting walls are located below the soil retaining wall and the side support walls. The bottom of the side support walls is supported on the rear capping beam. The inner side of the limiting walls abuts against the rear capping beam. A post-cast layer covering the top surface of the rear capping beam is arranged between the side support walls.

[0013] The above-mentioned landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and its construction method include the following steps: leveling the site, and pouring the front anti-slide piles and the rear anti-slide piles; pouring the front capping beam and the rear capping beam on the tops of the front anti-slide piles and the rear anti-slide piles respectively; laying precast reinforced diversion ribs, cross beams and concrete protection layers, installing a diversion pipe in the diversion hole and installing a cable anchor in the anchoring hole; hoisting the precast retaining wall onto the top surface of the rear capping beam. The bottom of the side support walls is supported on the top surface of the rear capping beam, and the inner side of the limiting walls abuts against the side surface of the rear capping beam. The reserved steel bars on the soil retaining wall and the side support walls are tied to the reserved steel bars on the top of the rear capping beam to form a steel bar framework, and then post-cast concrete to form a post-cast layer.

[0014] As can be seen from the above description, the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and its construction method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure can adapt to complex terrains such as soft soil foundations and heavy rainfall. The weathered layer on the upper part of the landslide body is reinforced and drained through the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure. The lateral displacement of the lower part of the mountain body is further restricted through the retaining structure. The precast reinforced diversion ribs and the precast retaining wall are prefabricated in the factory and combined with on-site casting construction, which can effectively improve the construction speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a side view of the landslide composite slope protection retaining structure.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the landslide composite slope protection retaining structure.

[0018] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 an enlarged schematic view of the partial A of

[0019] Figure 5 It is Figure 3 an enlarged schematic view of the partial B of

[0020] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the precast retaining wall.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the landslide composite slope protection retaining structure. Specific implementation manners

[0022] The present invention will be further described below through specific implementation manners.

[0023] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0024] Such as Figure 1 and 2As shown in the figure, the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure of the present invention includes a drainage and anti-slip structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a soil retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body. The drainage and anti-slip structure includes a front anti-slide pile 1, a front capping beam 2, and precast reinforced diversion ribs 3. The front anti-slide pile 1 penetrates deep into the landslide body. The front capping beam 2 covers the top of the front anti-slide pile 1. The precast reinforced diversion ribs 3 extend downward along the surface of the landslide body. The bottom end of the precast reinforced diversion ribs 3 is connected to the front capping beam 2. A concrete protection layer 4 covers the landslide body between the precast reinforced diversion ribs 3. The soil retaining structure includes a rear anti-slide pile 5, a rear capping beam 6, and a precast retaining wall 7. The rear anti-slide pile 5 penetrates deep into the landslide body. The rear capping beam 6 covers the top of the rear anti-slide pile 5. The precast retaining wall 7 is arranged on the rear capping beam 6. The pile-anchor and pile-support retaining structures are common combined retaining schemes for deep foundation pits. In actual engineering, although the pile-support retaining structure has remarkable effects in ensuring the stability of the foundation pit and controlling the surrounding deformation, it causes certain difficulties to the earthwork excavation project and has a relatively high project cost. The pile-anchor retaining structure has a low construction cost, but its ability to restrict the deformation of the foundation pit is relatively weak, and its applicability is poor in soft strata and strata with large rainfall. The overall displacement of the landslide body is mainly concentrated in the upper part. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure in the present invention is composed of a drainage and anti-slip structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a soil retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body, combining the advantages of anti-slide piles, anchor cables, and retaining walls. Among them, the anti-slide pile penetrates into the stable strata below the sliding surface, and it mainly bears the thrust of the landslide body through the interaction between the pile body and the surrounding rock and soil mass. The anchor cable applies prestress and transfers the tensile force to the stable strata, causing a compressive stress zone in the reinforced rock and soil mass, thereby effectively restricting the deformation and displacement of the rock and soil mass. As a rigid structure, the retaining wall can exert a reaction force on the soil body. When combined with the rear anti-slide pile 5 as a whole, it can not only resist the lateral pressure of the soil body but also bear the thrust of the landslide body. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure can adapt to complex terrains such as soft soil foundations and heavy rainfall. By strengthening and draining the weathered layer at the upper part of the landslide body through the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure, and further restricting the lateral displacement of the mountain body at the lower part through the soil retaining structure. The precast reinforced diversion ribs 3 and the precast retaining wall 7 are prefabricated in the factory and combined with on-site casting construction, which can effectively improve the construction speed.

[0025] The precast reinforced diversion rib 3 is provided with longitudinally extending longitudinal diversion grooves 31. The precast reinforced diversion rib 3 is precast in the factory, with a steel bar skeleton inside and concrete covering outside. Its length can be spliced on-site according to requirements. The connection part is bound with reserved steel bars to form a skeleton and then concreted. The precast reinforced diversion rib provides sufficient strength support for the concrete protection layer 4 on the landslide body, reduces the deformation and cracking of the concrete protection layer 4, and can improve the construction efficiency at the same time. The diversion grooves are used to guide the water on the surface and inside of the landslide body, reducing the landslide phenomenon caused by excessive water content. The front crown beam 2 is provided with transversely extending transverse diversion grooves 21, and the transverse diversion grooves 21 are communicated with the longitudinal diversion grooves 31, which are used to gather and drain the water in the longitudinal diversion grooves 31 and the concrete protection layer 4.

[0026] The precast reinforced diversion ribs 3 are connected by cross beams 32. The concrete protection layer 4 is made of concrete, reinforced concrete or soil nail wall, and the concrete can be C20 concrete. The landslide body between the drainage and anti-slip structure and the soil retaining structure is covered with concrete, and the concrete can be C20 concrete. After the precast reinforced diversion ribs 3 are arranged, the steel bar skeletons of the cross beams 32 and the steel bars of the concrete protection layer 4 are arranged transversely, and then concrete is poured and sprayed to make the precast reinforced diversion ribs 3, the cross beams 32 and the concrete protection layer 4 into a whole, improving the overall anti-deformation and seismic resistance performance.

[0027] The longitudinal diversion grooves 31 are provided with through diversion holes and anchoring holes. The diversion holes are provided with diversion pipes 8 extending into the landslide body, and the anchoring holes are provided with anchor cables 9 extending into the landslide body. The diversion pipes 8 are used to guide the moisture inside the landslide body into the diversion grooves. By applying prestress to the anchor cables 9, the tensile force is transmitted to the stable stratum, so that a compressive stress zone is generated in the reinforced rock and soil mass, effectively restricting the deformation and displacement of the rock and soil mass. When the slope soil has a downward trend, the prestressed anchor cable 9 can provide a tensile force in the opposite direction to the downward sliding force, keeping the slope stable.

[0028] Such as Figure 4, Groundwater is an important factor affecting landslides. Especially in regions with more rainfall in the south, if the internal moisture is not drained, resulting in too high water content, it is very easy to trigger landslides. In the present invention, permeation through-holes are distributed on the side wall of the diversion pipe 8. A porous ceramic column 81 is provided inside the diversion pipe 8, and a hollow water-conducting channel is provided inside the porous ceramic column 81. A plurality of porous ceramic columns 81 are connected in series by a long rod 82. The diversion pipe 8 is a prefabricated metal pipe fitting, pre-sprayed with anti-rust paint. After the prefabricated reinforcing diversion ribs 3 are laid, drill holes into the landslide body through the diversion holes, and then bury the diversion pipe 8. The end of the diversion pipe 8 is fixed to the prefabricated reinforcing diversion ribs 3, and the gap between the side wall of the diversion pipe 8 and the diversion hole is filled with slurry. The water inside the landslide body enters the diversion pipe 8 through the permeation through-holes. Due to the very high porosity of the porous ceramic column 81, the moisture penetrates into the water-conducting channel inside the porous ceramic column 81 and is finally discharged onto the diversion groove of the prefabricated reinforcing diversion ribs 3. Using the porous ceramic column 81 to guide the discharge of moisture can avoid silt clogging the diversion pipe 8 and effectively extend the service life of the drainage mechanism of the diversion pipe 8; a limiting plate is provided at the end of the long rod 82, and the end of the porous ceramic column 81 abuts against the limiting plate. The long rod 82 passes through the water-conducting channels on the surfaces of each porous ceramic column 81. The other end of the long rod 82 is provided with a limiting frame for the same purpose of limiting. The limiting frame does not block the water-conducting channel inside the porous ceramic column 81. For example, the limiting frame can be a three-armed trident-shaped part. The arms abut against the porous ceramic column 81, and the intersection of the arms is connected to the long rod 82. The limiting frame is detachably connected to the long rod 82 by a bolt member. The limiting frame abuts against the porous ceramic column 81, thereby connecting and clamping each porous ceramic column 81 between the limiting plate and the limiting frame. The long rod 82 is detachably connected to the end of the diversion pipe 8. At regular intervals, the porous ceramic column 81 is extracted by disassembling the long rod 82, and the porous ceramic column 81 is cleaned, maintained or replaced to ensure the drainage performance of the diversion pipe 8.

[0029] As Figure 4 , The anchor cable 9 includes an expansion shell anchor head 91, an anchor rod 92, a backing plate and a nut 93. One end of the anchor rod 92 is provided with an expansion shell anchor head 91, and the other end is provided with a backing plate and a nut 93. The expansion shell anchor head 91 is embedded in the landslide body for fastening. An anchor seat is provided outside the anchoring hole. The end of the anchor rod 92 is connected to the prefabricated reinforcing diversion ribs 3 through the backing plate and the nut 93. The backing plate abuts against the anchor seat. The end of the anchor rod 92 passes through the anchor seat and the backing plate and is threadedly connected to the nut 93. During the locking process, the expansion shell anchor head 91 expands and thus is fixed to the landslide body. The anchor cable 9 can provide a pulling force in the direction opposite to the sliding force, so as to keep the slope stable.

[0030] There are two rows of front anti-slide piles 1. The diameter of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the top of the slope is larger than that of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the bottom of the slope. Specifically, the diameter of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the top of the slope is 1.5 - 2.5 times that of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the bottom of the slope. The length of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the top of the slope is less than that of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the bottom of the slope. Preferably, the length of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the top of the slope is 0.5 - 0.8 times that of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the bottom of the slope. There are two rows of rear anti-slide piles 5, and their diameters and lengths are the same. The front anti-slide piles 1 adopt a variable-diameter and variable-length structure. The larger diameter of the front anti-slide piles 1 near the top of the slope improves their bending resistance. The longer length of the rear anti-slide piles 5 near the top of the slope and the deeper depth into the landslide body improve the anti-slide performance.

[0031] Such as Figure 5 And 6 , the precast retaining wall 7 includes a retaining wall 71, side support walls 72 and a limiting wall 73. The side support walls 72 are located on both sides of the retaining wall 71. The limiting wall 73 is located under the retaining wall 71 and the side support walls 72. The bottom of the side support walls 72 is supported on the rear crown beam 6. The inner side of the limiting wall 73 abuts against the rear crown beam 6. There is a post-cast layer 74 covering the top surface of the rear crown beam 6 between the side support walls 72. The precast retaining wall 7 is precast in the factory and is provided with a steel skeleton. After the rear crown beam 6 is poured, the precast retaining wall 7 is hoisted to the top of the rear crown beam 6. The bottom of the side support walls 72 is supported on the top surface of the rear crown beam 6, and the inner side of the limiting wall 73 abuts against the side surface of the rear crown beam 6, which is convenient for positioning and installing the precast retaining wall 7 and improves the construction efficiency of the retaining wall. Reinforcing bars are reserved on the retaining wall 71 and the side support walls 72, and are tied with the reserved reinforcing bars on the top of the rear crown beam 6 to form a steel bar framework, and then concrete is post-cast to form the post-cast layer 74, which composes the precast retaining wall 7 and the rear crown beam 6 into one body, improving the construction efficiency and having good integrity and strength at the same time.

[0032] Landslide composite slope protection retaining structure and its construction method, including the following steps: leveling the site, and pouring the front anti-slide pile 1 and the rear anti-slide pile 5; pouring the front crown beam 2 and the rear crown beam 6 at the tops of the front anti-slide pile 1 and the rear anti-slide pile 5 respectively; laying precast reinforced diversion ribs 3, cross beams 32 and concrete protective layer 4 on the section, installing diversion pipes 8 in the diversion holes, installing anchor cables 9 in the anchor holes, and fixing the gaps between the diversion holes and the anchor holes with concrete fillers; hoisting the precast retaining walls 7 one by one onto the top surface of the rear crown beam 6 to form a row, with the bottom of the side support wall 72 supported on the top surface of the rear crown beam 6 and the inner side of the limit wall 73 abutted against the side surface of the rear crown beam 6. The reserved steel bars on the retaining wall 71 and the side support wall 72 are tied to the reserved steel bars at the top of the rear crown beam 6 to form a steel bar framework, and then post-cast concrete is used to form a post-cast layer 74. The post-cast layer 74 connects the precast retaining wall 7 and the rear anti-slide pile 5 into an integral whole, with good integrity, having both the anti-slide characteristics of the anti-slide pile and the soil-retaining characteristics of the retaining wall. At the same time, the precast retaining wall can also improve the construction efficiency. Backfill the soil between the precast retaining wall 7 and the front anti-slide pile 1, and lay concrete on the slope between the precast retaining wall 7 and the front anti-slide pile 1.

[0033] The above are only several specific implementation manners of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantive modification made to the present invention using this concept shall fall within the scope of infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure, characterized in that: It includes a drainage and anti-slip structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a soil retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body. The drainage and anti-slip structure includes front anti-slide piles, a front crown beam, and precast reinforced diversion ribs. The front anti-slide piles penetrate deep into the landslide body. The front crown beam covers the tops of the front anti-slide piles. The precast reinforced diversion ribs extend downward along the surface of the landslide body. The bottom ends of the precast reinforced diversion ribs are connected to the front crown beam. A concrete protective layer covers the landslide body between the precast reinforced diversion ribs. The soil retaining structure includes rear anti-slide piles, a rear crown beam, and a precast retaining wall. The rear anti-slide piles penetrate deep into the landslide body. The rear crown beam covers the tops of the rear anti-slide piles. The precast retaining wall is arranged on the rear crown beam; longitudinal diversion grooves extending longitudinally are provided on the precast reinforced diversion ribs; through diversion holes and anchoring holes are formed in the longitudinal diversion grooves. A diversion pipe extending into the landslide body is arranged in the diversion holes. A cable anchor extending into the landslide body is arranged in the anchoring holes; permeation through holes are distributed on the side walls of the diversion pipe. A porous ceramic column is arranged inside the diversion pipe. A hollow water conduction channel is arranged inside the porous ceramic column. Multiple porous ceramic columns are connected in series by long rods.

2. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Transverse diversion grooves extending transversely are provided on the front crown beam, and the transverse diversion grooves are communicated with the longitudinal diversion grooves.

3. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast reinforced diversion ribs are connected by cross beams. The concrete protective layer is concrete, reinforced concrete, or a soil nail wall.

4. The landslide composite slope protection retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable anchor includes an expansion shell anchor head, an anchor rod, a backing plate, and a nut. One end of the anchor rod is provided with an expansion shell anchor head, and the other end is provided with a backing plate and a nut.

5. The landslide composite slope protection retaining structure according to claim 1, wherein: There are two rows of the front anti-slide piles. The diameter of the front anti-slide piles near the slope top side is larger than that of the front anti-slide piles near the slope bottom side. The length of the front anti-slide piles near the slope top side is smaller than that of the front anti-slide piles near the slope bottom side. There are two rows of the rear anti-slide piles, and their diameters and lengths are the same.

6. The landslide composite slope protection retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast retaining wall includes a soil retaining wall, side support walls, and a limiting wall. The side support walls are located on both sides of the soil retaining wall. The limiting wall is located below the soil retaining wall and the side support walls. The bottom of the side support walls is supported on the rear crown beam. The inner side of the limiting wall abuts against the rear crown beam. A post-cast layer covering the top surface of the rear crown beam is arranged between the side support walls.

7. The construction method of the landslide composite slope protection retaining structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: leveling the site and casting the front anti-slide piles and the rear anti-slide piles; respectively casting the front crown beam and the rear crown beam on the tops of the front anti-slide piles and the rear anti-slide piles; laying the precast reinforced diversion ribs, cross beams, and the concrete protective layer, installing the diversion pipe in the diversion holes, and installing the cable anchor in the anchoring holes; hoisting the precast retaining wall onto the top surface of the rear crown beam. The bottom of the side support walls is supported on the top surface of the rear crown beam, and the inner side of the limiting wall abuts against the side surface of the rear crown beam. The reserved steel bars on the soil retaining wall and the side support walls are tied with the reserved steel bars on the top of the rear crown beam to form a steel bar framework, and then post-cast concrete to form a post-cast layer.

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