A dehumidifying air-conditioning system for hydropower stations with cascaded energy utilization

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dehumidifying air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascaded energy utilization, which includes an indoor environment treatment device, a vapor compression dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device, and a dew condensation monitoring device; the present invention utilizes the natural energy utilization device, the vapor compression dehumidification device, the condensation heat recovery device, and the indoor environment treatment device, and uses a control method to improve the annual operating energy efficiency, shorten the response time in the start-up phase, and make full use of the natural cold source to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioning system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dehumidification of hydropower stations, and particularly to a dehumidifying air conditioner system for cascade energy utilization in hydropower stations. Background Technique

[0002] Hydropower stations have characteristics such as large installed capacity, many generator units, many electrical equipment, large heat generation, significant moisture transfer in underground chambers, and large moisture loads. Therefore, in most of the year, it is necessary to remove heat and moisture from the indoor air of the chamber group, resulting in a large amount of energy consumption. How to reduce this part of energy consumption is of great significance for saving the environmental control of underground chamber groups. Water source heat pumps are considered to belong to renewable energy utilization technologies and have great energy-saving potential. Especially using surface water (river water, lake water, seawater) or groundwater as cooling water to take away the condensation heat from the condenser is an energy-saving and low-carbon refrigeration technology. Using it as the cold and heat source for the regulation of the thermal and humid environment of underground hydropower stations is an ideal choice.

[0003] However, the existing technical solutions do not fully consider the differences in thermal and moisture loads between the personnel office area and the high-heat-generating equipment room, as well as the differences in the requirements for creating a thermal environment, and it is difficult to make full use of natural cold sources to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioner system. At the same time, in summer, the cooling load is large, and in winter, the water temperature cannot reach the dew point temperature required for dehumidification, resulting in problems with dehumidification, large dehumidification energy consumption, strong coupling of the supply air parameter adjustment in different seasons, and great adjustment difficulty. In addition, when the temperature and humidity control air conditioner system operates, since the air conditioner requires a long startup process, including processes such as compressor startup, pressure difference establishment, lubricating oil heating, and coil heating / cooling, there is a long response time.

[0004] The existing dehumidification systems have defects such as the inability to achieve cascade utilization of energy and low secondary heat transfer efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dehumidifying air conditioner system for cascade energy utilization in hydropower stations, including an indoor environment treatment device, a steam compression dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device, and a dew condensation monitoring device.

[0006] The dew condensation monitoring device monitors the surface of the hydropower station generator set in real time, and controls the hydropower station dehumidifying air conditioner system to operate in the first working condition or the second working condition according to the dew condensation situation on the surface of the hydropower station generator set.

[0007] The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a primary surface cooler section, a secondary surface cooler section, a heating device, and a supply air fan.

[0008] The primary surface cooler section is connected to the natural energy utilization device, and the fresh air is condensed, cooled, and dehumidified by surface water.

[0009] The secondary chilled water section is connected to the vapor compression device and dehumidifies by vapor compression method.

[0010] The heating device heats and raises the temperature of the air after dehumidification.

[0011] The air supply fan mixes fresh air and return air through the fresh air inlet and return air inlet for air supply, and conveys the dehumidified air to the indoor environment.

[0012] The natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a cooling device, and a water return device.

[0013] The water intake device is used to extract surface water and send it into the primary chilled water section.

[0014] The cooling device is used to reduce the outlet air temperature of the condensation fan;

[0015] The water return device returns the cooling water after condensation heat exchange to the surface.

[0016] The vapor compression device includes a four-way valve, a compressor, a condensation fan, a condenser, and a throttle valve.

[0017] The condensation fan condenses the refrigerant.

[0018] The compressor compresses the refrigerant and sends it into the condenser through the four-way valve for heat release.

[0019] The refrigerant is sent into the secondary chilled water section through the throttle valve for direct expansion and endothermic absorption, and then sent into the compressor.

[0020] The heat recovery device includes recovering heat and transmitting it to the heating device.

[0021] The operation process of the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system is as follows:

[0022] When dew condensation occurs on the surface of the hydropower station generator set, the dew condensation monitoring device generates a first dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system to operate in the first working condition.

[0023] When the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system operates in the first working condition for T max After time, if the dew particle size on the surface of the hydropower station generator set does not decrease, the dew condensation monitoring device generates a second dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system to operate in the second working condition.

[0024] When the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system is in the first working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it into the primary chilled water section.

[0025] The surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary chilled water section.

[0026] The heating device heats and raises the temperature of the air that has been cooled and dehumidified by using electric heating.

[0027] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set.

[0028] When the hydroelectric power station dehumidifying air-conditioning system is in the second working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it into the primary surface cooler section. The surface water acts as cooling water to condense, cool, and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary surface cooler section.

[0029] The compressor of the steam compression dehumidification device compresses the refrigeration working medium and sends it to the condenser to release heat.

[0030] The natural energy utilization device takes the surface water as cooling water to carry away the excess heat released by the refrigeration working medium.

[0031] The refrigeration working medium absorbs heat directly in the secondary surface cooler section through the throttle valve and is sent to the compressor for compression, so as to circulate and cool and dehumidify the fresh air.

[0032] The heat recovery device recovers the heat released by the condenser.

[0033] Furthermore, the dew condensation monitoring device includes a camera, a temperature sensor, an image processor, and a central control unit.

[0034] The camera takes images of the surface of the hydroelectric power station generator set and transmits them to the image processor.

[0035] The image processor uses image processing algorithms to identify the images of the surface of the hydroelectric power station generator set, determines whether there are dew drops on the images of the surface of the hydroelectric power station generator set, and transmits the recognition result to the central control unit.

[0036] If there are dew drops on the images of the surface of the hydroelectric power station generator set, the central control unit generates a first dehumidification signal, controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device and the natural energy utilization device, uses surface water for dehumidification, and records the operation time T of the indoor environment treatment device.

[0037] When T≥Tmax, the camera takes images of the surface of the hydroelectric power station generator set and transmits them to the image processor.

[0038] The image processor uses image processing algorithms to process the images of the surface of the hydroelectric power station generator set and determines whether the particle size of the dew drops on the images of the surface of the hydroelectric power station generator set decreases.

[0039] If the particle size of the dew drops decreases, the central control unit maintains the current operating state. If the particle size of the dew drops does not decrease, the central control unit generates a second dehumidification signal and controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device, the steam compression dehumidification device, the natural energy utilization device, and the heat recovery device to perform dehumidification in a way that combines surface water and the refrigeration working medium.

[0040] The temperature sensor is used to monitor the indoor dry-bulb temperature \(t_{in}\).

[0041] Furthermore, the heat recovery device is used to recover the heat released by the refrigerant in the condenser.

[0042] When the indoor dry-bulb temperature \(t_{in}<\) the set target temperature \(t_{set}\), the heat recovery device transfers the heat to the heating device for release, heating and raising the temperature of the air after refrigeration and dehumidification, so that the temperature of the air after condensation and dehumidification rises to \(t_{set}\).

[0043] Furthermore, the heat recovery device is a condensation heat recovery device, which is used to recover the heat released by the refrigerant in the condenser.

[0044] Furthermore, the steps for the image processor to process the surface image of the hydropower generator set using image processing algorithms include: image binarization, feature extraction, image sequence processing, and image feature recognition.

[0045] Furthermore, the temperature sensor monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature \(t_{in}\) and the surface temperature \(t_{suf}\) of the hydropower generator set, and transmits them to the central control unit.

[0046] The central control unit combines the indoor dry-bulb temperature \(t_{in}\), the surface temperature \(t_{suf}\) of the hydropower generator set, whether there is condensation on the surface of the unit, and the dew drop particle size to determine whether to operate the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system.

[0047] Furthermore, the indoor environment treatment device further includes a filter.

[0048] The filter filters the air output by the air supply fan.

[0049] Furthermore, the water intake device includes a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve, a water intake pump, a water intake pipe, and a water intake head.

[0050] The water intake pump extracts surface water through the water intake pipe and the water intake head.

[0051] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the first condition, the first regulating valve is opened, and the water intake pump sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler through the first regulating valve.

[0052] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the second condition, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are opened, and the water intake pump sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler through the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve.

[0053] Further, when the heating device uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat and raise the temperature of the air after dehumidification treatment, if the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < test after the temperature rise, the heating device reheats the air after dehumidification treatment by means of electric heating.

[0054] Further, during the process of the dehumidifying air conditioner system in the hydropower station, the dew condensation monitoring device monitors the dew particle size on the surface of the generator set of the hydropower station in real time, and feedback-adjusts the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the vapor compression dehumidification device according to the dew particle size.

[0055] The technical effects of the present invention are beyond doubt. The present invention utilizes the natural energy utilization device, the vapor compression dehumidification device, the condensation heat recovery device, and the indoor environment treatment device, and uses the control method to improve the annual operating energy efficiency, shorten the response time in the startup stage, and make full use of the natural cold source to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioner system.

[0056] The present invention uses natural energy to perform primary surface cooling and dehumidification on the air, and uses a direct expansion system to perform secondary surface cooling and dehumidification on the air, realizing cascade energy utilization. The present invention heats the air after cooling and dehumidification through a heating device. Description of the Drawings

[0057] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the dehumidifying air conditioner system in the hydropower station;

[0058] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of operation control;

[0059] In the figure: filter 1, primary surface cooling section 2, secondary surface cooling section 3, heating device 4, supply fan 5, four-way valve 6, compressor 7, condenser fan 8, condenser 9, throttle valve 10, cooling device 11, condensation heat recovery device 12, water intake pump 13, water intake pipe 14, water intake head 15, first regulating valve 16, second regulating valve 17, return water device, camera 18, temperature sensor 19, image processor 20, central control unit 21. Detailed Embodiments

[0060] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it should not be understood that the above-mentioned subject matter scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above-mentioned technical idea of the present invention, various substitutions and changes made according to the common general knowledge and customary means in the art should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] Embodiment 1:

[0062] See Figures 1 to 2 , a dehumidifying air conditioner system for cascade energy utilization in a hydropower station, including an indoor environment treatment device, a vapor compression dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device, and a dew condensation monitoring device.

[0063] The condensation monitoring device monitors the surface of the hydropower generator set in real time and controls the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the first condition or the second condition according to the condensation situation on the surface of the hydropower generator set.

[0064] The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a primary cooling coil section 2, a secondary cooling coil section 3, a heating device 4, and a supply fan 5.

[0065] The primary cooling coil section 2 is connected to the natural energy utilization device, and the fresh air is condensed, cooled, and dehumidified by surface water.

[0066] The secondary cooling coil section 3 is connected to the vapor compression device, and dehumidification is carried out by the vapor compression method.

[0067] The heating device 4 heats and raises the temperature of the air after dehumidification.

[0068] The supply fan 5 mixes the fresh air and the return air through the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet for air supply, and conveys the dehumidified air to the indoor environment.

[0069] The natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a cooling device 11, and a water return device.

[0070] The water intake device is used to extract surface water and send it into the primary cooling coil section 2.

[0071] The cooling device 11 is used to reduce the outlet air temperature of the condensation fan 8;

[0072] The water return device returns the cooling water after condensation heat exchange to the surface of the earth.

[0073] The vapor compression device includes a four-way valve 6, a compressor 7, a condensation fan 8, a condenser 9, and a throttle valve 10.

[0074] The condensation fan 8 condenses the refrigerant. The condensation fan 8 and the compressor 7 operate simultaneously.

[0075] The compressor 7 compresses the refrigerant and sends it into the condenser 9 through the four-way valve 6 for heat release.

[0076] The refrigerant is sent into the secondary cooling coil section 3 through the throttle valve 10 for direct expansion and endothermic absorption, and then sent into the compressor 7.

[0077] The heat recovery device includes means for recovering heat and transmitting it to the heating device 4.

[0078] The operation process of the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system is as follows:

[0079] When dew forms on the surface of the hydropower generating unit, the dew monitoring device generates a first dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system to operate in the first mode.

[0080] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the first mode for T max = 1 h and the dew droplet diameter on the surface of the hydropower generating unit does not decrease, the dew monitoring device generates a second dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system to operate in the second mode.

[0081] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system is in the first mode, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary chilled water section 2.

[0082] The surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary chilled water section 2.

[0083] The heating device 4 uses electric heating to heat up the air after refrigeration and dehumidification.

[0084] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generating unit.

[0085] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system is in the second mode, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary chilled water section 2. The surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary chilled water section 2.

[0086] The compressor 7 of the steam compression dehumidification device compresses the refrigerant and sends it to the condenser 9 to release heat.

[0087] The natural energy utilization device takes away the excess heat released by the refrigerant by using the surface water as cooling water.

[0088] The refrigerant absorbs heat directly through the throttle valve 10 in the secondary chilled water section 3 and is sent to the compressor 7 for compression, so as to circulate and cool and dehumidify the fresh air.

[0089] The heat recovery device recovers the heat released by the condenser 9.

[0090] The dew monitoring device includes a camera 18, a temperature sensor 19, an image processor 20 and a central control unit 21.

[0091] The camera 18 captures an image of the surface of the hydropower generating unit and transmits it to the image processor 19.

[0092] The image processor 20 uses an image processing algorithm to identify the image of the surface of the hydropower generating unit, determines whether there are dew drops in the image of the surface of the hydropower generating unit, and transmits the recognition result to the central control unit 21.

[0093] If there is dew on the surface image of the hydropower generator set, the central control unit 21 generates a first dehumidification signal, controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device and the natural energy utilization device, uses surface water for dehumidification, and records the operation time T of the indoor environment treatment device.

[0094] When T≥Tmax, the camera 18 captures the surface image of the hydropower generator set and transmits it to the image processor 20.

[0095] The image processor 20 processes the surface image of the hydropower generator set using an image processing algorithm to determine whether the dew particle size in the surface image of the hydropower generator set has decreased.

[0096] If the dew particle size decreases, the central control unit 21 maintains the current operating state. If the dew particle size does not decrease, the central control unit 21 generates a second dehumidification signal and controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device, the vapor compression dehumidification device, the natural energy utilization device, and the heat recovery device to perform dehumidification in a manner combining surface water and a refrigeration refrigerant.

[0097] The temperature sensor 19 is used to monitor the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin.

[0098] The heat recovery device is used to recover the heat released by the refrigeration refrigerant in the condenser 9.

[0099] When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < the set target temperature tset = 23 °C, the heat recovery device transfers the heat to the heating device 4 for release to heat and raise the temperature of the air after refrigeration dehumidification, so that the temperature of the air after condensation dehumidification rises to tset.

[0100] The heat recovery device is the condensation heat recovery device 12, which is used to recover the heat released by the refrigeration refrigerant in the condenser 9.

[0101] The steps for the image processor 20 to process the surface image of the hydropower generator set using an image processing algorithm include: image binarization, feature extraction, image sequence processing, and image feature recognition.

[0102] The temperature sensor 19 monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin and the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower generator set and transmits them to the central control unit 21.

[0103] The central control unit 21 combines the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin, the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower generator set, whether there is condensation on the surface of the unit, and the dew particle size to determine whether to operate the hydropower dehumidification air-conditioning system.

[0104] The steps to determine whether to operate the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station are as follows: determine the dew point temperature td based on the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin and the relative humidity RH; if the dew point temperature td < tsur and the average dew particle size decreases by 80%, then operate the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station.

[0105] The indoor environment treatment device further includes a filter 1.

[0106] The filter 1 filters the air output by the blower 5.

[0107] The water intake device includes a first regulating valve 16, a second regulating valve 17, a water intake pump 13, a water intake pipe 14, and a water intake head 15.

[0108] The water intake pump 13 extracts surface water through the water intake pipe 14 and the water intake head 15.

[0109] When the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the first working condition, the first regulating valve 16 is opened, and the water intake pump 13 sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler 2 through the first regulating valve 16.

[0110] When the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the second working condition, the first regulating valve 16 and the second regulating valve 17 are opened, and the water intake pump 13 sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler 2 through the first regulating valve 16 and the second regulating valve 17.

[0111] When the heating device 4 uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat up the air after dehumidification treatment, if the indoor dry-bulb temperature after heating < test, then the heating device 4 reheats the air after dehumidification treatment by means of electric heating.

[0112] During the process of the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station, the dew condensation monitoring device monitors the dew particle size on the surface of the hydropower generator set in real time, and feedback-adjusts the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the steam compression dehumidification device according to the dew particle size.

[0113] Embodiment 2:

[0114] A dehumidification air-conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization includes an indoor environment treatment device, a steam compression dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device, and a dew condensation monitoring device.

[0115] The dew condensation monitoring device monitors the surface of the hydropower generator set in real time, and controls the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the first working condition or the second working condition according to the dew condensation situation on the surface of the hydropower generator set.

[0116] The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a primary surface cooler 2, a secondary surface cooler 3, a heating device 4, and a blower 5.

[0117] The first-stage surface cooler section 2 is connected to the natural energy utilization device, and the fresh air is condensed, cooled, and dehumidified by surface water.

[0118] The second-stage surface cooler section 3 is connected to the vapor compression device, and dehumidification is carried out by the vapor compression method.

[0119] The heating device 4 heats up the air after dehumidification.

[0120] The air supply fan 5 mixes fresh air and return air through the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet for air supply, and conveys the dehumidified air to the indoor environment.

[0121] The natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a cooling device 11, and a water return device.

[0122] The water intake device is used to extract surface water and send it into the first-stage surface cooler section 2.

[0123] The cooling device 11 is used to reduce the outlet air temperature of the condensation fan 8;

[0124] The water return device returns the cooling water after condensation heat exchange to the ground surface.

[0125] The vapor compression device includes a four-way valve 6, a compressor 7, a condensation fan 8, a condenser 9, and a throttle valve 10.

[0126] The condensation fan 8 condenses the refrigerant.

[0127] The compressor 7 compresses the refrigerant and sends it into the condenser 9 through the four-way valve 6 for heat release.

[0128] The refrigerant is sent into the second-stage surface cooler section 3 through the throttle valve 10 for direct expansion and heat absorption, and then sent into the compressor 7.

[0129] The heat recovery device includes recovering heat and transmitting it to the heating device 4.

[0130] The operation process of the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system is as follows:

[0131] When dew condensation occurs on the surface of the hydropower station generator set, the dew condensation monitoring device generates a first dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system to operate in the first working condition.

[0132] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the first working condition for T max After a period of time, if the particle size of the dew drops on the surface of the hydropower station generator set does not decrease, the dew condensation monitoring device generates a second dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system to operate in the second working condition.

[0133] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system is in the first working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it into the first-stage surface cooler section 2.

[0134] Surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool down and dehumidify the fresh air in the first-stage surface cooler 2.

[0135] The heating device 4 uses electric heating to heat up the air after refrigeration and dehumidification.

[0136] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set.

[0137] When the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the second working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it into the first-stage surface cooler 2. Surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool down and dehumidify the fresh air in the first-stage surface cooler 2.

[0138] The compressor 7 of the steam compression dehumidification device compresses the refrigeration working medium and sends it into the condenser 9 to release heat.

[0139] The natural energy utilization device takes away the excess heat released by the refrigeration working medium with surface water as cooling water.

[0140] The refrigeration working medium absorbs heat directly through the throttle valve 10 in the second-stage surface cooler 3 and is sent into the compressor 7 for compression, so as to circulate and cool down and dehumidify the fresh air.

[0141] The heat recovery device recovers the heat released by the condenser 9.

[0142] Embodiment 3:

[0143] A dehumidification air-conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization, the technical content is the same as that of Embodiment 2. Further, the dew condensation monitoring device includes a camera 18, a temperature sensor 19, an image processor 20 and a central control unit 21.

[0144] The camera 18 takes pictures of the surface image of the generator set of the hydropower station and transmits it to the image processor 19.

[0145] The image processor 20 uses image processing algorithms to identify the surface image of the generator set of the hydropower station, judges whether there are dew drops in the surface image of the generator set of the hydropower station, and transmits the recognition result to the central control unit 21.

[0146] If there are dew drops in the surface image of the generator set of the hydropower station, the central control unit 21 generates a first dehumidification signal, controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device and the natural energy utilization device, uses surface water for dehumidification, and records the operation time T of the indoor environment treatment device.

[0147] When T≥Tmax, the camera 18 takes pictures of the surface image of the generator set of the hydropower station and transmits it to the image processor 20.

[0148] The image processor 20 processes the surface image of the hydropower generating unit by using an image processing algorithm to determine whether the dew particle size in the surface image of the hydropower generating unit decreases.

[0149] If the dew particle size decreases, the central control unit 21 maintains the current operating state. If the dew particle size does not decrease, the central control unit 21 generates a second dehumidification signal to control the operation of the indoor environment treatment device, the vapor compression dehumidification device, the natural energy utilization device, and the heat recovery device, and performs dehumidification in a manner combining surface water and a refrigeration working medium.

[0150] The temperature sensor 19 is used to monitor the indoor dry bulb temperature tin.

[0151] Embodiment 4:

[0152] A hydropower station dehumidifying air conditioner system for cascaded energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Embodiments 2-3. Further, the heat recovery device is used to recover the heat released by the refrigeration working medium in the condenser 9.

[0153] When the indoor dry bulb temperature tin < the set target temperature tset, the heat recovery device transfers the heat to the heating device 4 for release to heat and raise the temperature of the air after refrigeration dehumidification, so that the temperature of the air after condensation dehumidification rises to tset.

[0154] Embodiment 5:

[0155] A hydropower station dehumidifying air conditioner system for cascaded energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Embodiments 2-4. Further, the heat recovery device is a condensation heat recovery device 12, which is used to recover the heat released by the refrigeration working medium in the condenser 9.

[0156] Embodiment 6:

[0157] A hydropower station dehumidifying air conditioner system for cascaded energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Embodiments 2-5. Further, the steps of the image processor 20 processing the surface image of the hydropower generating unit by using an image processing algorithm include: image binarization, feature extraction, image sequence processing, and image feature recognition.

[0158] Embodiment 7:

[0159] A hydropower station dehumidifying air conditioner system for cascaded energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Embodiments 2-6. Further, the temperature sensor 19 monitors the indoor dry bulb temperature tin and the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower generating unit, and transmits them to the central control unit 21.

[0160] The central control unit 21 combines the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin, the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower generating unit, whether dew condensation occurs on the unit surface, and the dew drop size, and determines whether to operate the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system.

[0161] Example 8:

[0162] A hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system for cascaded energy utilization, with the technical content being the same as any one of Examples 2-7. Further, the indoor environment treatment device further includes a filter 1.

[0163] The filter 1 filters the air output by the air blower 5.

[0164] Example 9:

[0165] A hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system for cascaded energy utilization, with the technical content being the same as any one of Examples 2-8. Further, the water intake device includes a first regulating valve 16, a second regulating valve 17, a water intake pump 13, a water intake pipe 14, and a water intake head 15.

[0166] The water intake pump 13 extracts surface water through the water intake pipe 14 and the water intake head 15.

[0167] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the first working condition, the first regulating valve 16 is opened, and the water intake pump 13 sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler 2 through the first regulating valve 16.

[0168] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the second working condition, the first regulating valve 16 and the second regulating valve 17 are opened, and the water intake pump 13 sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler 2 through the first regulating valve 16 and the second regulating valve 17.

[0169] Example 10:

[0170] A hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system for cascaded energy utilization, with the technical content being the same as any one of Examples 2-9. Further, when the heating device 4 uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat up the air after dehumidification treatment, if the indoor dry-bulb temperature after heating < test, the heating device 4 reheats the air after dehumidification treatment by means of electric heating.

[0171] Example 11:

[0172] A hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system for cascaded energy utilization, with the technical content being the same as any one of Examples 2-10. Further, during the process of the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system, the dew condensation monitoring device monitors the dew drop size on the surface of the hydropower generating unit in real time, and feedback regulates the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the steam compression dehumidification device according to the dew drop size.

[0173] Example 12:

[0174] A stepped energy utilization hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system, comprising an indoor environment treatment device, a vapor compression dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, and a heat recovery device. The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a filter 1, a first-stage surface cooler 2 section, a second-stage surface cooler 3 section, a heating device 4, and a supply fan 5. The vapor compression device includes a four-way valve 6, a compressor 7, a condensing fan 8, a condenser 9, and a throttle valve 10; the natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a cooling device 11, and a water return device, wherein the water intake device includes a water intake pump 13, a water intake pipe 14, a water intake head 15, a first regulating valve 16, and a second regulating valve 17; the dew condensation monitoring device includes a camera 18, a temperature sensor 19, an image processor 20, and a central control unit 21; the heat recovery device includes a condensing heat recovery device 12.

[0175] When using the first-stage surface cooler 2 for refrigeration and dehumidification, the natural energy utilization device operates, and the surface water is used as cooling water through the water intake device to condense and cool the fresh air in the first-stage surface cooler 2 section. At the same time, the heating device 4 uses electric heating to heat up the air after refrigeration and dehumidification. When the first-stage surface cooler 2 alone cannot reach the refrigeration set humidity and the second-stage surface cooler 3 is turned on for mechanical refrigeration, the vapor compression dehumidification device operates. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 7 enters the condenser 9 to release heat, and the released heat is recovered by the condensing heat recovery device 12. When the condensing heat recovery device 12 cannot meet the condensing requirements, the cooling device operates, and the surface water is used as cooling water through the natural energy utilization device to take away the excess heat released by the refrigerant. Then the refrigerant absorbs heat through direct expansion in the second-stage surface cooler 3 section through the throttle valve 10, and then is sucked into the compressor 7 for compression again. This cycle is repeated to condense, cool, and dehumidify the fresh air. At the same time, the heating device 4 uses the heat recovered by the condensing heat recovery device 12 to heat up the air after refrigeration and dehumidification, and decides whether to use electric heating again according to the outlet air temperature, so that the fresh air sent to the unit reaches the comfortable working environment temperature of the power station staff.

[0176] The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a filter 1, a first-level surface cooling 2 section, a second-level surface cooling 3 section, a heating device 4, and a blower 5. The indoor environment treatment process is as follows: the central control unit 21 reads the indoor environment parameters, the camera 18, the temperature sensor 19 transmits the data to the image processor 20, the central control unit 21 processes and determines that when the unit surface condenses, the central control unit 21 sends an operation signal to control the dehumidification air conditioning system to operate, and the blower 5 mixes the fresh air and the return air to send air through the filter 1 to start air dehumidification. According to the existing data in the database, the dehumidification mode is selected. When the refrigeration setting humidity can be reached by only running the first-level surface cooling 2, the first-level surface cooling 2 is mainly used. When the refrigeration setting humidity cannot be reached by only running the first-level surface cooling 2, the mechanical refrigeration of the second-level surface cooling 3 is turned on. The heating device 4 is used to heat the air after refrigeration and dehumidification, and whether to electrically heat it again is determined according to the outlet air temperature, so that the temperature of the fresh air sent to the unit reaches the comfortable working environment temperature of the power station staff.

[0177] The natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a cooling device, and a water return device, wherein the water intake device includes a water intake pump 13, a water intake pipe 14, a water intake head 15, a first regulating valve 16, and a second regulating valve 17; the heat recovery device includes a condensation heat recovery device 12.

[0178] The natural energy utilization process is as follows: when only the primary surface cooling section 2 is in operation, the water intake device is in operation, and the surface water is used as cooling water to condense and dehumidify the air in the primary surface cooling section 2 through the primary surface cooling section 2; the return water device is in operation to send the cooling water that has undergone condensation and heat exchange back to the surface, and the cycle repeats.

[0179] When the primary surface cooling 2 and the secondary surface cooling 3 are operated at the same time, the water intake device is operated, and the surface water is used as cooling water to condense and dehumidify the air in the primary surface cooling 2 section through the primary surface cooling 2 section. The return water device is operated to send the cooling water that has undergone condensation and heat exchange back to the surface, and the cycle is repeated; when the condensation heat recovery device 12 cannot meet the condensation requirements of the condenser 9, part of the surface water enters the cooling device as cooling water, taking away part of the heat released by the refrigerant that enters the condenser 9 after being compressed by the compressor 7 and releases heat. The return water device is operated to send the cooling water that has undergone condensation and heat exchange back to the surface, and the cycle is repeated.

[0180] The heat recovery device includes a condensation heat recovery device 12. The heat recovery process is that when the primary surface cooling 2 and the secondary surface cooling 3 are running at the same time, the heat recovery device and the secondary surface cooling 3 are running synchronously. The condensation heat recovery device 12 takes away the heat released by the refrigerant that enters the condenser 9 after being compressed by the compressor 7 and releases the heat in the heating device 4, so that the temperature of the air after condensation and dehumidification rises.

[0181] The vapor compression dehumidification device includes a compressor 7, a four-way valve 6, a throttle valve 10, a condenser 9, and a condensing fan 8. The vapor compression dehumidification process is as follows: when the primary surface cooler 2 and the secondary surface cooler 3 are operating simultaneously, the vapor compression dehumidification device operates synchronously with the secondary surface cooler 3. The compressor 7 starts to compress the refrigerant, and the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 7 enters the condenser 9 through the four-way valve 6 to release heat. The released heat is carried and transferred to other places by the condensation heat recovery device 12 and the cooling device. Then, the refrigerant after condensation and heat release passes through the throttle valve 10 and directly expands and absorbs heat in the secondary surface cooler 3 section to condense and dehumidify the air in the secondary surface cooler 3 section.

[0182] The dew condensation monitoring device includes a camera 18, a temperature sensor 19, an image processor 20, and a central control unit 21. The dew condensation monitoring process is as follows: the camera 18 monitors the surface of the unit to obtain the surface image of the unit. The image processor 20 performs operations such as image binarization, feature extraction, and image sequence processing on the image. At the same time, the temperature sensor 19 monitors the indoor dry bulb temperature tin and the surface temperature tsuf of the equipment for auxiliary monitoring. Finally, data such as whether dew condensation occurs on the surface of the unit and the size of the dew droplets is obtained, and all data is summarized to the central control unit 21.

[0183] The dew condensation control method includes two working conditions, namely: the natural energy condensation dehumidification working condition and the natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification working condition. When it is monitored that the dew condensation on the surface of the unit reaches the start condition of the dehumidification system, the central control unit 21 first controls the opening of the natural energy utilization device, and the refrigeration and dehumidification system only operates in the natural energy condensation dehumidification working condition; when the size of the dew droplets still does not decrease after the natural energy utilization device is turned on for refrigeration and dehumidification, at this time, only using the natural energy utilization device cannot meet the initial requirements, and the central control unit 21 controls the opening of the mechanical refrigeration dehumidification device, and the refrigeration and dehumidification system operates in the natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification working condition. During the entire refrigeration and dehumidification process, the dew condensation monitoring device continuously operates to feedback and adjust the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the mechanical refrigeration dehumidification device to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

[0184] The return air heating control method is that when the indoor dry bulb temperature tin < the indoor set target temperature tset, at this time, the temperature of the return air after dehumidification treatment is lower than the human comfort temperature. In the natural energy condensation dehumidification working condition, the central control unit 21 controls the heating device 4 to heat the return air using electric heating to make it reach tset; in the natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification working condition, the central control unit 21 controls the opening of the heat recovery cycle to recover and utilize the heat released by the refrigerant in the condenser 9 to heat the return air, that is, to dissipate heat from the condenser 9, to make it reach tset. When only using the heat recovery cycle to heat the return air cannot make it reach tset, the central control unit 21 controls the opening of the electric heating for auxiliary heating of the return air.

[0185] The heat recovery control method is that under the condition of natural energy cooperating with mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification, when the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin > the indoor set target temperature tset, at this time the return air temperature after dehumidification treatment reaches the human comfort temperature, and there is no need to heat the return air. The central control unit 21 controls the heat recovery device not to operate, and uses the natural energy utilization device to drive the cooling device to operate to cool the condenser 9; when the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin

Claims

1. A dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization, characterized in that: It includes an indoor environment treatment device, a steam compression dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device, and a dew condensation monitoring device; The dew condensation monitoring device monitors the surface of the hydropower generator set in real time, and controls the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system to operate in the first working condition or the second working condition according to the dew condensation situation on the surface of the hydropower generator set; The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a primary surface cooler section (2), a secondary surface cooler section (3), a heating device (4), and a supply fan (5); The primary surface cooler section (2) is connected to the natural energy utilization device, and the fresh air is condensed, cooled, and dehumidified by surface water; The secondary surface cooler section (3) is connected to the steam compression device, and dehumidifies by the steam compression method; The heating device (4) heats and raises the temperature of the air after dehumidification; The supply fan (5) mixes the fresh air and the return air through the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet for air supply, and conveys the dehumidified air to the indoor environment; The natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a cooling device (11), and a water return device; The water intake device is used to extract surface water and send it into the primary surface cooler section (2); The cooling device (11) is used to reduce the outlet air temperature of the condensation fan (8); The water return device sends the cooling water after condensation heat exchange back to the surface of the earth; The steam compression device includes a four-way valve (6), a compressor (7), a condensation fan (8), a condenser (9), and a throttle valve (10); The condensation fan (8) condenses the refrigerant; The compressor (7) compresses the refrigerant and sends it into the condenser (9) through the four-way valve (6) for heat release; The refrigerant is sent into the secondary surface cooler section (3) through the throttle valve (10), absorbs heat by direct expansion, and then is sent into the compressor (7); The heat recovery device is used to recover heat and transfer it to the heating device (4); The operation process of the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system is as follows: When dew condensation occurs on the surface of the hydropower generator set, the dew condensation monitoring device generates a first dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system to operate in the first working condition; When the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the first condition for T max After time, if the dew particle size on the surface of the generator set of the hydropower station does not decrease, the dew condensation monitoring device generates a second dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the second condition; When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system is in the first working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it into the primary surface cooler section (2); The surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool, and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary surface cooler section (2); The heating device (4) uses electric heating to heat and raise the temperature of the air after refrigeration dehumidification; The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set; When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system is in the second working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it into the primary surface cooler section (2); The surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool, and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary surface cooler section (2); The compressor (7) of the steam compression dehumidification device compresses the refrigerant and sends it into the condenser (9) for heat release; The natural energy utilization device takes away the excess heat released by the refrigerant by using surface water as cooling water; The refrigerant absorbs heat by direct expansion in the secondary surface cooler section (3) through the throttle valve (10), and is sent into the compressor (7) for compression, and circulates to cool and dehumidify the fresh air; The heat recovery device recovers the heat released by the condenser (9).

2. The dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station utilizing cascade energy according to claim 1, wherein: The dew condensation monitoring device includes a camera (18), a temperature sensor (19), an image processor (20), and a central control unit (21); The camera (18) captures the surface image of the hydropower generator set and transmits it to the image processor (20); The image processor (20) uses an image processing algorithm to identify the surface image of the hydropower generator set, determines whether there is dew on the surface image of the hydropower generator set, and transmits the recognition result to the central control unit (21); If there is dew on the surface image of the hydropower generator set, the central control unit (21) generates a first dehumidification signal, controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device and the natural energy utilization device, uses surface water for dehumidification, and records the operation time T of the indoor environment treatment device; When T≥Tmax, the camera (18) captures the surface image of the hydropower generator set and transmits it to the image processor (20); The image processor (20) uses an image processing algorithm to process the surface image of the hydropower generator set and determines whether the particle size of the dew on the surface image of the hydropower generator set decreases; If the particle size of the dew decreases, the central control unit (21) maintains the current operating state. If the particle size of the dew does not decrease, the central control unit (21) generates a second dehumidification signal and controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device, the vapor compression dehumidification device, the natural energy utilization device, and the heat recovery device to perform dehumidification in a manner combining surface water and a refrigerant; The temperature sensor (19) is used to monitor the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin.

3. The dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station with cascaded energy utilization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat recovery device is used to recover the heat released by the refrigerant in the condenser (9); When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < the set target temperature tset, the heat recovery device transfers the heat to the heating device (4) for release, heats and raises the temperature of the air after refrigeration dehumidification, so that the temperature of the air after condensation dehumidification rises to tset.

4. The dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station with cascaded energy utilization according to claim 3, wherein: The heat recovery device is a condensation heat recovery device (12) for recovering the heat released by the refrigerant in the condenser (9).

5. A dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station with cascaded energy utilization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps of the image processor (20) using an image processing algorithm to process the surface image of the hydropower generator set include: image binarization, feature extraction, image sequence processing, and image feature recognition.

6. The dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (19) monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin and the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower generator set and transmits them to the central control unit (21); The central control unit (21) combines the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin, the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower generator set, whether there is dew on the surface of the unit, and the particle size of the dew to determine whether to operate the hydropower dehumidification air-conditioning system.

7. The dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station with cascaded energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indoor environment treatment device further includes a filter (1); The filter (1) filters the air output by the air blower (5).

8. The dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station with cascaded energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water intake device includes a first regulating valve (16), a second regulating valve (17), a water intake pump (13), a water intake pipe (14), and a water intake head (15); The water intake pump (13) extracts surface water through the water intake pipe (14) and the water intake head (15); When the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the first working condition, the first regulating valve (16) is opened, and the water intake pump (13) sends surface water into the primary surface cooler section (2) through the first regulating valve (16). When the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the second working condition, the first regulating valve (16) and the second regulating valve (17) are opened, and the water intake pump (13) sends surface water into the primary surface cooler section (2) through the first regulating valve (16) and the second regulating valve (17).

9. The dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station using cascade energy according to claim 3, wherein: When the heating device (4) uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat up the air after dehumidification treatment, if the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < tset after heating, the heating device (4) reheats the air after dehumidification treatment by means of electric heating.

10. The dehumidifying air conditioner system for a hydropower station with cascaded energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of the dehumidification air-conditioning system of the hydropower station, the dew condensation monitoring device monitors the dew particle size on the surface of the generator set of the hydropower station in real time, and feedback-regulates the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the steam compression dehumidification device according to the dew particle size.

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