An expandable light shield based on a slider-crank mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a crank slider mechanism-based deployable sunshade, which is used to solve the technical problems of low precision and low rigidity of the existing deployable sunshade after being deployed, and the existing rigid sunshade can only be applied to a small size space optical system. The crank slider mechanism-based deployable sunshade provided by the application uses two groups of symmetrically arranged crank slider mechanisms as the deployment driving mechanism of the planar sunshade, and cooperates with the pressing seat and the locking device to make the rocket fold the planar sunshade during the launching process to realize a smaller space volume. Meanwhile, when the rocket reaches the expected position in orbit, the planar sunshade is driven by the two groups of crank slider mechanisms to cooperate with the elastic driving hinge to make the planar sunshade unfold from the completely folded state and realize locking, so that the planar sunshade has high precision and structural rigidity in the working state, which provides a new idea for the on-orbit application of the large-size sunshade, and makes up for the blank of the large-size high-rigidity sunshade.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a deployable sunshade, in particular to a deployable sunshade based on a crank slider mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for space situation awareness, the aperture of space optical cameras gradually increases, and the size of each component adapted to the space optical camera also increases accordingly. Among them, the sunshade as the core component for realizing the function of the space optical camera also significantly increases in size. At present, most of the large-size sunshades used in space on-orbit applications are of an integral structure and do not have a deployable function. However, due to the limitation of the rocket space, the large envelope volume of the large-size sunshade has obvious defects in the rocket launching process. Therefore, applying the foldable idea to the large-size sunshade is a new idea to solve the problem.

[0003] In recent years, many researchers have proposed some deployable sunshade schemes, mainly including rigid skeletons, elastic materials, and inflatable composite materials combined with flexible composite materials. However, the deployable sunshades based on the above schemes have low precision and low rigidity after deployment. In space optical cameras, rigid sunshades with high rigidity are required. The existing schemes have a cylindrical deployment driven by a lead screw, but these sunshades are mostly applied to smaller size space optical systems. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the technical problems of the existing deployable sunshades, which have low precision and low rigidity after deployment, and the existing rigid sunshades, which can only be applied to smaller size space optical systems, and provides a deployable sunshade based on a crank slider mechanism.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solutions provided by the present application are as follows:

[0006] A deployable sunshade based on a crank slider mechanism, characterized in that it comprises a planar sunshade, a bottom plate, two elastic drive hinges, and two sets of crank slider mechanisms.

[0007] The planar sunshade comprises a planar substrate, two fixed side plates vertically connected to the two sides of the planar substrate, and a plurality of light-blocking strips transversely arranged on the planar substrate.

[0008] The two fixed side plates are connected to the upper surfaces of the two sides of the bottom plate through elastic drive hinges at positions close to the bottom on the outer walls of the two fixed side plates; the bottom plate has an optical through hole axially formed thereon, and the plurality of light-blocking strips are located on the side of the planar substrate facing the bottom plate.

[0009] The two sets of crank slider mechanisms are structurally identical and symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the planar sunshade.

[0010] The crank slider mechanism comprises a support rod, a hinge, a sliding groove, a locking slider and two compression springs; one end of the support rod is hingedly connected to the outer side wall of one side fixed side plate through a hinge, and the other end is provided with a pulley on the inner side; the sliding groove is vertically installed on the bottom plate away from the position of the plane light shield, and the sliding groove is located on the outer side of the same side fixed side plate and parallel to the fixed side plate, for sliding cooperation of the pulley and the sliding groove;

[0011] The upper wall of the sliding groove is provided with a through hole matched with the locking slider in the vertical direction, and the corresponding position of the upper surface of the lower wall of the sliding groove is provided with a clamping groove, for sliding the locking slider up and down along the through hole of the upper wall of the sliding groove, and clamping the clamping groove when at the lowermost end; two cross bars are symmetrically arranged at the position close to the top of the locking slider, and the lower ends of the two compression springs are fixed on the upper surface of the upper wall of the sliding groove, and the upper ends are respectively fixed to the two cross bars, for providing downward compression force to the locking slider;

[0012] The side of the lower end of the locking slider away from the plane light shield is provided with an oblique notch, and the side close to the plane light shield is at a distance equal to the diameter of the pulley from the head end of the sliding groove;

[0013] The outer side walls of the two fixed side plates are respectively provided with compression seats, and the bottom plate is provided with two locking devices at the corresponding positions, for locking the plane light shield through the compression seat and the corresponding locking device in the folded state.

[0014] Further, the crank slider mechanism further comprises a horizontal tension spring;

[0015] One end of the horizontal tension spring is arranged on the bottom plate close to the position of the elastic driving hinge, and the other end is connected to the other end of the support rod.

[0016] Further, the connection position of the support rod and the fixed side plate is higher than the connection position of the elastic driving hinge and the fixed side plate.

[0017] Further, the length of the support rod is greater than the length of the sliding groove.

[0018] Further, the elastic driving hinge is a worm spring locking hinge;

[0019] The hinge is a pin shaft hinge.

[0020] Further, the elastic driving hinge is a sliding groove type worm spring locking hinge, comprising a first fixed seat, a second fixed seat, a male hinge, a female hinge, a spiral spring, a compression rod, a locking pin and a compression torsion spring;

[0021] The first fixed seat is installed on the upper surface of the base, and the second fixed seat is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed side plate;

[0022] The female hinge is arranged on the first fixing base and connected with the fixed end of the volute spring, and the male hinge is arranged on the second fixing base and connected with the movable end of the volute spring, for rotating the male hinge along the movement track of the movable end of the volute spring;

[0023] The fixed shaft is arranged on the female hinge, and the compression torsion spring is arranged on the fixed shaft;

[0024] One end of the compression rod is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected with the locking pin, and the locking pin is arranged corresponding to the male hinge;

[0025] The sliding groove is arranged on the male hinge corresponding to the position of the locking pin, the protrusion is arranged on the male hinge below the sliding groove, and the working end of the compression torsion spring is abutted against the locking pin, for making the locking pin cooperated with the sliding groove or the protrusion when the male hinge moves to different positions.

[0026] Further, the unfolding angle of the elastic driving hinge is 90 degrees, for making the planar sunshade realize 90-degree folding.

[0027] Further, the locking device comprises a base and a locking rod arranged on the base;

[0028] The locking hole matched with the locking rod is arranged on the compression seat;

[0029] The pyrotechnic initiator is arranged in the base, after the remote-controlled pyrotechnic initiator is exploded, the locking rod is separated from the base, and then the separation of the locking device and the compression seat is realized.

[0030] Further, the included angle between the planar substrate and the upper surface of the light-blocking strip is obtuse, and each included angle decreases from top to bottom; the width of the fixed side plate increases from top to bottom; the inner side walls of the two fixed side plates are respectively abutted against the two ends of the plurality of light-blocking strips.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0032] 1. The planar sunshade based on the crank slider mechanism provided by the present application uses two groups of symmetrically arranged crank slider mechanisms as the unfolding driving mechanism of the planar sunshade, and the compression seat and the locking device can make the planar sunshade folded in the launching process of the rocket to realize a smaller space volume; meanwhile, when the rocket reaches the expected position in orbit, the planar sunshade is unfolded from the completely folded state and locked by the driving of the two groups of crank slider mechanisms and the elastic driving hinge, so that the planar sunshade has high precision and structural rigidity in the working state, which provides a new idea for the on-orbit application of large-size sunshades and fills the gap of large-size high-rigidity sunshades.

[0033] 2, The application provides a deployable light shield based on a crank slider mechanism, in a fully closed state, a spaceflight pyrotechnics locking device and a compression seat are used to fix the planar light shield and the bottom plate together, which can ensure that the fully locked state of the light shield during the launching process still meets the required rigidity.

[0034] 3, The application also provides a horizontal tension spring in the crank slider mechanism, when the planar light shield is slowly deployed in a fully closed state, the root volute spring provides a deployment torsion driving moment for the crank slider mechanism, and the horizontal tension spring provides an additional auxiliary deployment tension driving moment for the crank slider mechanism, which can ensure the reliable and stable deployment of the planar light shield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of an embodiment of the application, a deployable light shield based on a crank slider mechanism.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the connection relationship between the locking slider, the sliding groove and the pulley in the embodiment of the application.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the elastic driving hinge in the embodiment of the application.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the locking process of the volute spring locking hinge in the embodiment of the application.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the deployment process of the planar light shield in the embodiment of the application Figure 1 .

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the deployment process of the planar light shield in the embodiment of the application Figure 2 .

[0041] Specific reference signs are as follows:

[0042] 1, Planar light shield; 11, Planar base plate; 12, Fixed side plate; 121, Compression seat; 13, Light blocking strip; 2, Bottom plate; 21, Locking device; 3, Elastic driving hinge; 31, First fixed seat; 32, Second fixed seat; 33, Male hinge; 34, Female hinge; 35, Volute spring; 36, Compression rod; 37, Locking pin, 38, Compression torsion spring; 4, Support rod; 41, Pulley; 5, Hinge; 6, Sliding groove; 61, Clamping groove; 7, Locking slider; 71, Compression spring; 8, Horizontal tension spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the advantages and characteristics of the application more clear, the application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] As shown in Figure 1 A deployable light shield based on crank slider mechanism, comprising a planar light shield 1, a bottom plate 2, two elastic driving hinges 3, and two sets of crank slider mechanisms.

[0045] The planar light shield 1 comprises a planar base plate 11, two fixed side plates 12 vertically connected to the two sides of the planar base plate 11, and a plurality of light blocking strips 13 transversely arranged on the planar base plate 11. The two ends of the plurality of light blocking strips 13 respectively abut the inner side walls of the two planar base plates 11. The included angle between the planar base plate 11 and the upper surface of the light blocking strip 13 is obtuse, and each included angle decreases from top to bottom. Correspondingly, the width of the fixed side plate 12 increases from top to bottom. The included angle between the planar base plate 11 and the upper surface of the lower light blocking strip 13 is greater than the included angle between the planar base plate 11 and the upper surface of the upper light blocking strip 13, which can better suppress stray light.

[0046] The outer side walls of the two fixed side plates 12 are connected to the upper surfaces of the two sides of the bottom plate 2 at positions close to the bottom through the two elastic driving hinges 3. The deployment angle of the elastic driving hinge 3 is 90 degrees, which is used to make the planar light shield 1 achieve 90-degree folding. The bottom plate 2 has an optical through hole axially formed thereon. The plurality of light blocking strips 13 are located on the side of the planar base plate 11 facing the bottom plate 2, which is used to block stray light in the space. At the same time, this arrangement can make the light blocking strips 13 be located inside the planar light shield 1 when the planar light shield 1 is in the folded state, effectively avoiding interference contact with the light blocking strips 13.

[0047] The two sets of crank slider mechanisms are the same structure and are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the planar light shield 1. The crank slider mechanism comprises a support rod 4, a hinge 5, a sliding groove 6, a locking slider 7, two compression springs 71, and a horizontal tension spring 8. One end of the support rod 4 is hingedly connected to the outer side wall of one side of the fixed side plate 12 through the hinge 5, and the other end of the support rod 4 is provided with a pulley 41 on the inner side. The sliding groove 6 is vertically installed on the bottom plate 2 at a position away from the planar light shield 1. The sliding groove 6 is located on the outer side of the same side fixed side plate 12 and is parallel to the fixed side plate 12, which is used to make the pulley 41 and the sliding groove 6 slide with each other, that is, to make the pulley 41 slide forward and backward in the sliding groove 6. In this embodiment, the hinge 5 is a pin hinge, and other types of hinge structures can also be used in other embodiments of the present application. In order to achieve the expected angle of the fully folded state and the fully deployed state of the planar light shield, the length of the support rod 4 needs to be slightly greater than the length of the sliding groove 6. At the same time, the connection position of the support rod 4 and the fixed side plate 12 needs to be higher than the connection position of the elastic driving hinge 3 and the fixed side plate 12, that is, the support rod 4 and the sliding groove 6 are not parallel in the fully folded state, so as to avoid the deployment movement being stuck due to the dead point of the mechanism.

[0048] The locking slider 7 is used to limit the pulley 41 after the planar light shield 1 is deployed in place. As shown in Figure 2As shown, the upper wall of the sliding groove 6 is provided with a through hole in the vertical direction matched with the locking slider 7, and the corresponding position of the upper surface of the lower wall of the sliding groove 6 is provided with a clamping groove 61 for enabling the locking slider 7 to slide up and down along the through hole of the upper wall of the sliding groove 6 and to be clamped with the clamping groove 61 at the lowermost end. The locking slider 7 is symmetrically provided with two cross bars at a position close to the top, and the lower ends of two compression springs 71 are fixed to the upper surface of the upper wall of the sliding groove 6, and the upper ends are respectively fixed to the two cross bars for providing the locking slider 7 with a downward compression force. Meanwhile, the lower end of the locking slider 7 is provided with an inclined cutaway away from the side of the planar sunshade 1, and the distance between the side of the planar sunshade 1 close to the locking slider 7 and the leading end of the sliding groove 6 is equal to the diameter of the pulley 41. When the pulley 41 contacts the inclined cutaway of the locking slider 7, the pulley 41 will provide the locking slider 7 with an upward force to make it slide upward. After the pulley 41 passes through the locking slider 7, the locking slider 7 will slide downward under the action of the compression spring 71 to be clamped with the clamping groove 61 to fix the pulley 41 between the locking slider 7 and the leading end of the sliding groove 6.

[0049] One end of the horizontal tension spring 8 is arranged at a position close to the elastic driving hinge 3 on the bottom plate 2, and the other end is connected to the other end of the supporting rod 4 for further providing an auxiliary driving force to drive the planar sunshade 1 to unfold.

[0050] The outer side walls of the two fixed side plates 12 are respectively provided with compression seats 121, and the corresponding positions of the bottom plate 2 are provided with two locking devices 21 for enabling the planar sunshade 1 to be locked by the compression seats 121 and the corresponding locking devices 21 in the folded state. Specifically, the locking device 21 comprises a base and a locking rod arranged on the base, and a pyrotechnic initiator is arranged in the base. The compression seat 121 is provided with a locking hole matched with the locking rod. When it is needed to open the sunshade, the remote-controlled pyrotechnic initiator is detonated to separate the locking rod from the base, thereby separating the locking device 21 from the compression seat 121. The locking device 21 can be selected from a pyrotechnic unlocking device commonly used in aerospace or a memory alloy unlocking device.

[0051] The two sets of symmetrical crank slider mechanisms are adopted as the unfolding driving mechanism of the planar sunshade 1, the two rotary pairs in the crank slider mechanism are respectively the elastic driving hinge 3 and the hinge 5, and the center axes of the two rotary pairs are parallel to each other in space. The planar sunshade 1 is folded to realize a small space volume in the rocket launching process. When the rocket reaches the expected position in orbit, the planar sunshade 1 is unfolded from the completely folded state by the cooperation of the two sets of crank slider mechanisms, the volute spring 35 and the horizontal tension spring 8, and is locked by the locking slider 7, thereby providing a new idea for the on-orbit application of the large-size sunshade.

[0052] As Figure 3As shown, the elastic driving hinge 3 in the embodiment is a sliding slot type worm spring locking hinge, and other types of elastic driving hinges can also be used in other embodiments of the application. The sliding slot type worm spring locking hinge comprises a first fixed seat 31, a second fixed seat 32, a male hinge 33, a female hinge 34, a worm spring 35, a compression rod 36, a locking pin 37, and a compression torsion spring 38. The first fixed seat 31 is installed on the upper surface of the base, and the second fixed seat 32 is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed side plate 12; the female hinge 34 is arranged on the first fixed seat 31 and connected with the fixed end of the worm spring 35, and the male hinge 33 is arranged on the second fixed seat 32 and connected with the movable end of the worm spring 35, for enabling the male hinge 33 to rotate along the movement track of the movable end of the worm spring 35. A fixed shaft is installed on the female hinge 34, and the compression torsion spring 38 is installed on the fixed shaft; one end of the compression rod 36 is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected with the locking pin 37, and the locking pin 37 is arranged corresponding to the male hinge 33. A sliding slot is formed on the male hinge 33 corresponding to the position of the locking pin 37 when the male hinge 33 is locked, and a protrusion is arranged on the male hinge 33 below the sliding slot, and the working end of the compression torsion spring 38 abuts against the locking pin 37, for enabling the locking pin 37 to slide into the sliding slot and be mechanically limited and locked under the action of the compression torsion spring 38 when the male hinge 33 is in the initial state, and enabling the locking pin 37 to be pressed against the protrusion on the male hinge 33 under the action of the compression torsion spring 38 when the male hinge 33 moves away from the initial state following the movement of the worm spring 35.

[0053] As shown, the locking process of the worm spring locking hinge is as follows: Figure 4 When the planar sunshade 1 is in the folded state, the worm spring 35 continuously provides a driving torque in the unfolding direction to the worm spring locking hinge, but at this time, the worm spring locking hinge is in the unfolded state due to the action of the locking device 21. When the planar sunshade 1 reaches the expected on-orbit working position after being launched by the rocket, the locking device 21 is unlocked, and the planar sunshade 1 is driven to unfold under the combined action of the torque of the worm spring 35 and the torque of the contraction force of the horizontal tension spring 8, and at the same time, the locking pin 37 is always pressed against the male hinge 33 under the action of the compression torsion spring 38. When the planar sunshade 1 unfolds to the predetermined working position, the locking pin 37 moves to the sliding slot position of the male hinge 33, enters the sliding slot and is mechanically limited and locked under the action of the compression torsion spring 38.

[0054] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the process of unfolding the plane light shield 1 by two sets of crank slider mechanisms arranged symmetrically. When the plane light shield 1 is in the fully closed state, i.e. the plane light shield 1 is fixed together with the bottom plate 2 by the pressing seat 121 and the locking device 21, at this time the support rod 4 is closed, and the pulley 41 on the support rod 4 is located at the end of the sliding groove 6. After the locking device 21 is unlocked to eliminate the fixed constraint, at this time the volute spring 35 at the root and the horizontal tension spring 8 provide the crank slider mechanism with the unfolding torsion driving torque and the tension driving torque respectively, and drive the two crank slider mechanisms to unfold according to their own movement trajectories. After unfolding to the predetermined working position, the locking pin 37 in the root volute spring locking hinge slides into the sliding groove of the male hinge 33, realizing the locking of the volute spring locking hinge, at the same time the support rod 4 will drive the pulley 41 to slide towards the plane light shield 1, when the pulley 41 passes through the locking block 7, the locking block 7 will be inserted into the clamping groove 61 under the action of the pressing spring 71, and the pulley 41 is self-locked, at this time the plane light shield 1 is fully unfolded and in the locked structure state.

[0055] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, not to limit it. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions protected by the present application.

Claims

1. A crank-slider mechanism-based deployable light shield, characterized in that: it comprises a planar light shield (1), a base plate (2), two elastic drive hinges (3) and two sets of crank-slider mechanisms; the planar light shield (1) comprises a planar base plate (11), two fixed side plates (12) vertically connected to the two sides of the planar base plate (11) respectively, and a plurality of light-blocking strips (13) transversely arranged on the planar base plate (11) ; the outer side walls of the two fixed side plates (12) are connected to the upper surfaces of the two sides of the base plate (2) through the elastic drive hinges (3) at positions close to the bottom; the base plate (2) is provided with an optical through hole axially, and the plurality of light-blocking strips (13) are located on the side of the planar base plate (11) facing the base plate (2) ; the two sets of crank-slider mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the planar light shield (1) and have the same structure; the crank-slider mechanism comprises a support rod (4), a hinge (5), a sliding groove (6), a locking slider (7) and two compression springs (71) ; one end of the support rod (4) is hingedly connected to the outer side wall of one side fixed side plate (12) through the hinge (5), and the other end is provided with a pulley (41) on the inner side; the sliding groove (6) is vertically installed on the base plate (2) away from the planar light shield (1), and the sliding groove (6) is located on the outer side of the same side fixed side plate (12) and parallel to the fixed side plate (12), so as to make the pulley (41) and the sliding groove (6) slide with each other; the upper wall of the sliding groove (6) is provided with a through hole adapted to the locking slider (7) in the vertical direction, and the corresponding position of the upper surface of the lower wall of the sliding groove (6) is provided with a clamping groove (61), so as to make the locking slider (7) slide up and down along the through hole of the upper wall of the sliding groove (6), and be clamped and tightened with the clamping groove (61) when at the lowermost end; the locking slider (7) is symmetrically provided with two cross bars at a position close to the top, and the lower ends of the two compression springs (71) are fixed on the upper surface of the upper wall of the sliding groove (6), and the upper ends are respectively fixed to the two cross bars, so as to provide downward compression force to the locking slider (7) ; the lower end of the locking slider (7) is provided with an oblique notch away from the planar light shield (1), and the distance between the side close to the planar light shield (1) and the leading end of the sliding groove (6) is equal to the diameter of the pulley (41) ; the outer side walls of the two fixed side plates (12) are respectively provided with compression seats (121), and the base plate (2) is provided with two locking devices (21) at the corresponding positions, so as to make the planar light shield (1) be locked through the compression seats (121) and the corresponding locking devices (21) when in the folded state. 2.The crank-slider mechanism-based deployable light shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crank-slider mechanism further comprises a horizontal tension spring (8) ; one end of the horizontal tension spring (8) is arranged on the base plate (2) close to the elastic drive hinge (3), and the other end is connected to the other end of the support rod (4). 3.The crank-slider mechanism-based deployable light shield according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ ​ The connecting position of the support rod (4) and the fixed side plate (12) is higher than the connecting position of the elastic driving hinge (3) and the fixed side plate (12).

4. The unfoldable light shield based on the slider-crank mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the support rod (4) is greater than the length of the sliding groove (6).

5. The unfoldable light shield based on the slider-crank mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The elastic driving hinge (3) is a volute spring locking hinge; The hinge (5) is a pin hinge.

6. The unfoldable light shield based on the slider-crank mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic driving hinge (3) is a sliding groove type volute spring locking hinge, which comprises a first fixed seat (31), a second fixed seat (32), a male hinge (33), a female hinge (34), a volute spring (35), a pressing rod (36), a locking pin (37) and a pressing torsion spring (38); The first fixed seat (31) is installed on the upper surface of the base, and the second fixed seat (32) is installed on the outer side wall of the fixed side plate (12); The female hinge (34) is arranged on the first fixed seat (31) and connected with the fixed end of the volute spring (35), and the male hinge (33) is arranged on the second fixed seat (32) and connected with the movable end of the volute spring (35), for enabling the male hinge (33) to rotate along the movement track of the movable end of the volute spring (35); The female hinge (34) is installed with a fixed shaft, and the pressing torsion spring (38) is installed on the fixed shaft; One end of the pressing rod (36) is rotatably connected with the fixed shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected with the locking pin (37), and the locking pin (37) is correspondingly arranged on the male hinge (33); A sliding groove is formed on the male hinge (33) corresponding to the position of the locking pin (37), and a protrusion is arranged on the male hinge (33) below the sliding groove, and the working end of the pressing torsion spring (38) is pressed on the locking pin (37), for enabling the locking pin (37) to be matched with the sliding groove or the protrusion when the male hinge (33) moves to different positions.

7. The unfoldable light shield based on the slider-crank mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unfolding angle of the elastic driving hinge (3) is 90 degrees.

8. The unfoldable light shield based on the slider-crank mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device (21) comprises a base and a locking rod arranged on the base; An explosive initiator is arranged in the base; A locking hole is arranged on the pressing seat (121) corresponding to the locking rod.

9. The unfoldable light shield based on the slider-crank mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The included angles between the planar base plate (11) and the upper surfaces of the light blocking strips (13) are obtuse, and the included angles decrease from top to bottom; The width of the fixed side plate (12) increases from top to bottom; The inner side walls of the two fixed side plates (12) respectively abut against the two ends of the plurality of light blocking strips (13).

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