Method and device for optimizing arrangement of transmission line arrester

Abstract

The application provides a power transmission line lightning arrester arrangement optimization method and an optimization device. The method comprises the following steps: a modeling step of establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model; a model calculation step of performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data; a lightning withstand level calculation step of determining the lightning withstand level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning withstand level being the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; an optimization step of adjusting the lightning arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeatedly performing the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step at least once in sequence to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system; and an arrangement step of arranging the lightning arrester of the power system according to the lightning arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level. The method solves the problem that the lightning arrester in the prior art is not reasonably configured in the power system, thereby failing to effectively improve the lightning withstand level of the power system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lightning protection of power systems, in particular to a method and device for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters on a power transmission line, a computer readable storage medium, a computer program product and a system for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters on a power transmission line. BACKGROUND

[0002] Power transmission lines are extremely vulnerable to direct lightning strikes or induced lightning in thunderstorm weather, which can cause equipment damage, power outages and even safety accidents. By using simulation calculation methods to evaluate the configuration and performance of lightning arresters, the arrangement of lightning arresters can be optimized systematically, thereby significantly improving the lightning withstand capability of the line. The type, number and specific installation location of lightning arresters directly affect their protection effect. Through simulation, the response and withstand capability of lightning arresters under different lightning conditions can be accurately calculated, thereby selecting the appropriate type of lightning arrester and determining its optimal layout scheme to achieve balanced protection of the entire line.

[0003] Many lightning withstand level simulations in the prior art rely on overly simplified or idealized models that may not accurately capture actual electrical phenomena, and the single model results in only relatively simple power systems being calculated according to the pre-set model, and the resulting lightning withstand level calculation results are not accurate enough. Moreover, the layout of lightning arresters is not considered, so the lightning withstand level calculation results cannot reach the ideal value. By adjusting the position of the lightning arrester, the lightning withstand level calculation model is calculated, allowing designers to predict the performance of the system by simulating different lightning scenarios and different lightning arrester installation locations before actual installation and operation. This preventive assessment helps to identify potential design flaws and risk points, allowing for timely adjustments and increasing the scientificity and reliability of system design, providing support for long-term operation and maintenance decisions. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a method and device for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters on a power transmission line, a computer readable storage medium, a computer program product and a system for optimizing the arrangement of lightning arresters on a power transmission line, to at least solve the problem of ineffective improvement of the lightning withstand level of the power system caused by unreasonable configuration of lightning arresters in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, a power transmission line arrester arrangement optimization method is provided, comprising: a step of establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model being used to simulate the change of electrical parameters of a power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a step of model calculation, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data including graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing over time and flashover state of an insulator string, the insulator string being an insulating component formed by a plurality of insulators connected in series; a step of lightning withstand level calculation, determining the lightning withstand level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning withstand level being the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flash over; a step of optimization, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step at least once in turn to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system, the arrester configuration parameters including the number, position and relative distance of the arrester from the tower of the arrester of the power system; and a step of arrangement, arranging the arrester of the power system according to the arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level.

[0006] Optionally, the step of establishing the electromagnetic transient simulation model comprises: establishing a lightning current module, a power transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a tower module and an arrester module; connecting the lightning current module, the power transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module and the arrester module according to the actual working conditions of the power transmission line to obtain the electromagnetic transient simulation model and determine the lightning strike point of the electromagnetic transient simulation model.

[0007] Optionally, the step of establishing the lightning current module, the power transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module and the arrester module comprises: selecting a Heidler function as the lightning current module, the lightning current module being used to simulate the waveform characteristics of lightning current, the Heidler function being wherein i(0,t) is a waveform function of the lightning current changing over time, η is a correction coefficient of lightning current amplitude, I0 is a peak current of lightning current, n is a current steepness factor, t is a lightning duration, τ1 is a time constant determining the rise of the function, τ2 is a time constant determining the decay of the function; a JMarti overhead line model is selected as the power transmission line module, the JMarti overhead line model is a distributed parameter model reflecting the frequency-dependent parameter change of the power transmission line under the action of lightning current, and the power transmission line module is used to simulate the frequency change characteristics of the power transmission line under the action of the lightning current; an insulator flashover module is established, the insulator flashover module is used to judge whether the insulator string occurs flashover phenomenon under the action of the lightning current, and output the flashover state of the insulator string; a multi-wave impedance model is selected as the tower module, the multi-wave impedance model is the resistance and phase change characteristics of electromagnetic wave transmission on the tower, and the tower module is used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of the power transmission line tower under the action of the lightning current; a lightning arrester module is established, and the lightning arrester module is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb electric energy under the action of the lightning current.

[0008] Optionally, the insulator flashover module is established to judge whether the insulator string occurs flashover phenomenon under the action of the lightning current, comprising: establishing an insulator string U-t characteristic function Wherein, U flash is the flashover voltage of the insulator string, L is the length of the insulator string, and t is the lightning duration; the flashover voltage of the insulator string is calculated according to the insulator string U-t characteristic function; in the case that the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string occurs flashover, and the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is the difference value of the instantaneous voltage between the two ends of the insulator string under the action of the lightning current; in the case that the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string does not occur flashover.

[0009] Optionally, the lightning withstand level of the power system is determined according to the simulation data, comprising: setting a maximum withstand current I1, a minimum flashover current I2 and a first difference ΔI1, the maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude under which the insulator string does not occur flashover, and the minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude under which the insulator string occurs flashover; a first setting step, in the case that the insulator string occurs flashover under the current lightning current amplitude, I2=I t , wherein I t is the current lightning current amplitude; a second setting step, in the case that the insulator string does not occur flashover under the current lightning current amplitude, I1=I t; a calculating step of calculating a difference between the minimum flashover current I2 and the maximum withstand current I1 to obtain a second difference ΔI2=I2-I1; in a case where the second difference ΔI2 is less than the first difference ΔI1, determining the maximum withstand current I1 as the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model; in a case where the second difference ΔI2 is greater than the first difference ΔI1, setting a current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model as I t =(I1+I2) / 2, and sequentially repeating the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculating step at least once until a difference between the minimum flashover current I2 and the maximum withstand current I1 is less than the first difference ΔI1.

[0010] Optionally, the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester of the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step are repeated, and the highest lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is determined, including: a particle swarm is established by a particle swarm algorithm, each particle in the particle swarm represents a configuration scheme of a lightning arrester, the configuration scheme includes the number, position and relative distance of the lightning arrester to the tower of the lightning arrester; the lightning withstand level of each particle is calculated; the position of the particle with the lightning withstand level other than the maximum is adjusted until a preset iteration number is reached or a difference between the lightning withstand levels of two adjacent iterations is less than a predetermined difference value, and the maximum lightning withstand level of the current particle swarm is determined as the highest lightning withstand level.

[0011] To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present application, a power transmission line lightning arrester arrangement optimization device is provided, which comprises: a first establishing unit configured to perform an establishing step of establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model being used to simulate the change of electrical parameters of a power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a first calculating unit configured to perform a model calculation step of performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data including graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing over time and flashover state of an insulator string, the insulator string being an insulating component formed by a plurality of insulators connected in series; a second calculating unit configured to perform a lightning withstand level calculation step of determining a lightning withstand level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning withstand level being a maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; a first control unit configured to perform an optimization step of adjusting configuration parameters of a lightning arrester of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and sequentially repeating the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step at least once to determine a highest lightning withstand level of the power system, the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester including the number, position and relative distance of the lightning arrester to the tower of the lightning arrester of the power system; and a second control unit configured to perform a layout step of laying out the lightning arrester of the power system according to the configuration parameters of the lightning arrester corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level.

[0012] According to still another aspect of the present application, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program, when executed, controls any of the methods described above in the device in which the computer-readable storage medium is located.

[0013] According to yet another aspect of the present application, there is provided a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the methods described above.

[0014] According to still another aspect of the present application, there is provided a power transmission line arrester arrangement optimization system comprising one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs comprise instructions for performing any of the methods described above.

[0015] The technical solution of the present application is applied to the above-mentioned power transmission line arrester arrangement optimization method, which comprises the following steps: a step of establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model being used to simulate the changes of electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a step of calculating the model, in which the electromagnetic transient simulation model is simulated to obtain simulation data, the simulation data comprising graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing over time and flashover state of an insulator string, the insulator string being an insulating component formed by a plurality of insulators connected in series; a step of calculating the lightning withstand level, in which the lightning withstand level of the power system is determined according to the simulation data, the lightning withstand level being the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; an optimization step, in which the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step are repeated at least once in turn to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system, the arrester configuration parameters comprising the number, position of the arrester of the power system and the relative distance between the arrester and the tower; and a step of laying out, in which the arrester of the power system is laid out according to the arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level. The present application simulates the transient electromagnetic phenomena of the power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, determines the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simulation data, adjusts the position, number and relative distance between the arrester and the tower of the arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the highest lightning withstand level, and obtains the optimal arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, which can more effectively improve the lightning withstand level of the power system by adjusting the arrester configuration parameters, and solves the problem that the lightning withstand level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of the arrester in the power system in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal is shown according to the method for optimizing arrangement of a transmission line arrester provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for optimizing arrangement of a transmission line arrester provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0018] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of an electromagnetic transient simulation model of a method for optimizing arrangement of a transmission line arrester provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 4 A flowchart of a lightning withstand level calculation of a method for optimizing arrangement of a transmission line arrester provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 5 A comparison diagram of voltage waveforms of insulators before and after installation of an arrester of a method for optimizing arrangement of a transmission line arrester provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 6 A structure block diagram of an arrangement optimization device for a transmission line arrester provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0022] Among the above figures, the following reference signs are included:

[0023] 102, processor; 104, memory; 106, transmission device; 108, input and output device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and the above-described accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0027] As introduced in the background, the lightning resistance simulation model in the prior art is relatively single, and the obtained lightning resistance level calculation result is not accurate enough, and the layout mode of the lightning arrester is not considered, so that the lightning resistance level calculation result cannot reach the ideal value. To solve the technical problem, the embodiments of the present application provide a power transmission line lightning arrester layout optimization method, an optimization device, a computer readable storage medium, a computer program product and a power transmission line lightning arrester layout optimization system.

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device. Taking the case of running on a mobile terminal, Figure 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal of a power transmission line lightning arrester layout optimization method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 , the mobile terminal can include one or more (only one is shown in Figure 1 ) processor 102 (the processor 102 can include but is not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the above-mentioned mobile terminal can further include a transmission device 106 for communication function and an input and output device 108. Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 1 the structure shown is only schematic, which does not limit the structure of the above-mentioned mobile terminal. For example, the mobile terminal can include more or less components than Figure 1 shown, or have a different configuration from Figure 1 shown.

[0030] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as software programs of application software and modules, such as a computer program of an overhead line arrester arrangement optimization method according to an embodiment of the present application. The processor 102 can execute various functional applications and data processing, i.e., implement the above method, by running the computer program stored in the memory 104. The memory 104 can include a high-speed random access memory, and can further include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memories, or other non-volatile solid-state memories. In some examples, the memory 104 can further include memories remotely arranged with respect to the processor 102, which can be connected to the mobile terminal through a network. Examples of the network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data through a network. The specific examples of the network can include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 can be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet in a wireless manner.

[0031] In the present embodiment, an overhead line arrester arrangement optimization method running on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system, such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be executed in an order different from that shown.

[0032] Figure 2 is a flowchart of an overhead line arrester arrangement optimization method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2 the method includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S201, a step of establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, the electromagnetic transient simulation model being used to simulate changes of electrical parameters of a power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena;

[0034] Specifically, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is established to simulate the change process of electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena, including dynamic responses of voltage, current, and overvoltage. Through the model, the performance of the power equipment under transient conditions and the changes of various parameters of the system can be accurately evaluated, and reliable data support can be provided for optimizing the arrester arrangement and improving the lightning resistance of the system.

[0035] Step S202, model calculation step, simulating the above electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data including graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and flashover state of insulator string, the insulator string being an insulating component composed of a plurality of insulators in series;

[0036] Specifically, the established electromagnetic transient simulation model is simulated to generate simulation data, including waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and flashover state of the insulator string under lightning or overvoltage conditions. The insulator string is composed of a plurality of insulators in series. As a key insulating component in the power transmission line, the dynamic response of the power system under transient conditions can be intuitively analyzed through these simulation data, and it can be accurately judged whether the insulator string flashes over, thereby providing a reliable basis for optimizing lightning protection measures and improving the safety and stability of the power system operation.

[0037] It should be noted that in one embodiment, taking the establishment of an electromagnetic transient simulation model in the ATP-EMTP electromagnetic transient simulation software as an example, when the established electromagnetic transient simulation model is simulated, the corresponding ATP file is generated according to the established electromagnetic transient simulation model and is used as the input file of the main program. The simulation data is calculated by calling the ATP-EMTP calculation kernel through the PCH file and the LIB file of the transmission line model. The simulation data includes the LIS file and the PL4 file.

[0038] Step S203, lightning withstand level calculation step, determining the lightning withstand level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning withstand level being the maximum lightning current amplitude that the insulator does not flash over;

[0039] Specifically, the lightning withstand level of the power system is calculated according to the simulation data, wherein the lightning withstand level is defined as the maximum lightning current amplitude that the insulator can withstand without flashing over. Through this calculation, the lightning resistance of the system can be accurately evaluated.

[0040] Step S204, optimization step, adjusting the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step at least once in turn to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system, the arrester configuration parameters including the number, position of the arrester of the power system and the relative distance between the arrester and the tower;

[0041] Specifically, by adjusting the arrester configuration parameters in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, including the number, position and relative distance to the tower of the arrester, the simulation calculation and lightning withstand level calculation steps are repeated at least once to gradually optimize the arrester arrangement and finally determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system. Through such an optimization process, the protection capability of the arrester can be fully utilized to ensure that the arrester arrangement achieves the best effect.

[0042] Step S205, layout step, according to the highest lightning withstand level corresponding to the above-mentioned arrester configuration parameters, the above-mentioned arrester of the above-mentioned power system is laid out.

[0043] Specifically, according to the calculated highest lightning withstand level corresponding to the arrester configuration parameters, the arrester in the power system is actually laid out, including determining the number, position and relative distance of the arrester from the tower, and by strictly laying out according to the optimization result, the protection effect of the arrester can be maximized, and the system failure caused by lightning stroke can be effectively reduced.

[0044] Through the embodiment, in the above-mentioned transmission line arrester layout optimization method, the step of establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model is established, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the change of electrical parameters of the power system in various transient electromagnetic phenomena; the step of model calculation is to simulate the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, the simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and flashover state of insulator string, the insulator string is an insulating component composed of a plurality of insulators in series; the step of lightning withstand level calculation is to determine the lightning withstand level of the power system according to the simulation data, the lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover; the step of optimization is to adjust the arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step are repeated at least once in turn to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system, the arrester configuration parameters include the number, position and relative distance of the arrester from the tower of the arrester of the power system; the step of layout is to lay out the arrester of the power system according to the highest lightning withstand level corresponding to the arrester configuration parameters. Through the establishment of the electromagnetic transient simulation model to simulate the transient electromagnetic phenomenon of the power system, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is calculated to obtain simulation data, the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is obtained according to the simulation data, and the position, number and relative distance of the arrester from the tower in the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, the highest lightning withstand level is calculated, the optimal arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model are obtained, the lightning withstand level of the power system can be effectively improved by adjusting the configuration parameters of the arrester, and the problem that the lightning withstand level of the power system cannot be effectively improved due to unreasonable configuration of the arrester in the power system in the prior art is solved.

[0045] In order to model the electromagnetic transient simulation model, in an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is established, and the step S201 includes:

[0046] Step S2011, lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, tower module and arrester module are established;

[0047] Specifically, the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module and the arrester module are constructed for simulating lightning current characteristics, electromagnetic response of the transmission line, flashover behavior of the insulator string, transient characteristics of the tower and voltage limiting and energy absorption performance of the arrester, respectively. These modules cooperate with each other to form a complete electromagnetic transient simulation model, which can accurately reproduce the dynamic behavior of the power system under lightning and other transient events.

[0048] In step S2012, the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module and the arrester module are connected according to the actual working condition of the transmission line to obtain an electromagnetic transient simulation model, and a lightning stroke point of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is determined.

[0049] Specifically, the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module and the arrester module are connected according to the actual working condition of the transmission line to construct a complete electromagnetic transient simulation model, and the lightning stroke point position is explicitly set in the model. Through this integrated modeling method, the dynamic response behavior of the power system under lightning conditions can be simulated comprehensively, and the model has high precision and actual engineering applicability.

[0050] It should be noted that when the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module and the arrester module are connected according to the actual working condition of the transmission line, the connection parameters of each module need to be determined, including:

[0051] The lightning current waveform function of the lightning current module is determined;

[0052] The length, height, spacing, span, skin effect and whether the conductor is transposed of the transmission line module are determined;

[0053] The position of the tower and the height of the tower of the tower module are determined;

[0054] The installation number, installation position and relative position of the arrester and the tower of the arrester module are determined;

[0055] Further, the insulator flashover module and the arrester module are connected with the tower module;

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the circuit diagram of the established electromagnetic transient simulation model is as shown in Figure 3 .

[0057] In order to establish each module, in an optional embodiment, the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module and the arrester module are established, and the above step S2011 includes:

[0058] Step S201101, a Heidler function is selected as the lightning current module, the lightning current module is used to simulate the waveform characteristics of lightning current, the Heidler function is Wherein, i(0,t) is the waveform function of the lightning current changing with time, η is the correction coefficient of the lightning current amplitude, I0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, t is the lightning duration, τ1 is the time constant of the function rising, τ2 is the time constant of the function decaying;

[0059] Specifically, the Heidler function is selected as the mathematical model of the lightning current module, which is used to accurately simulate the waveform characteristics of lightning current. Through this function, the waveform form of lightning current can be accurately reproduced, including the characteristics of steep rising of wave head and gradual falling of wave tail, reflecting the impact of lightning current on the transmission line and equipment.

[0060] It should be noted that in an embodiment, according to the lightning protection design standard (DL / T620-1997) of our country, in the Heidler function, τ1=2.6 μs, τ2=50 μs, n=10.

[0061] Step S201102, a JMarti overhead line model is selected as the transmission line module, the JMarti overhead line model is a distributed parameter model reflecting the frequency-dependent parameter change of the transmission line under the action of lightning current, and the transmission line module is used to simulate the frequency change characteristics of the transmission line under the action of the lightning current;

[0062] Specifically, the JMarti overhead line model is selected as the transmission line module. This model can reflect the distributed parameter model of the frequency-dependent parameter change of the transmission line under the action of lightning current. Through the JMarti model, the frequency characteristics of the transmission line under the action of lightning current can be accurately simulated, including the change behavior of conductor parameters with frequency. The influence of high-frequency transient caused by lightning on the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line, such as voltage fluctuation, surge propagation and energy distribution, can be captured. By using this model, the accuracy of electromagnetic transient simulation can be improved, and important basis for evaluating the influence of lightning current on the transmission line can be provided.

[0063] It should be noted that in an embodiment, the parameters of the conductor are determined according to LGJ-150 / 40, and the parameters of the ground wire are determined according to GJ-40.

[0064] Step S201103, an insulator flashover module is established, the insulator flashover module is used to determine whether the insulator string occurs flashover phenomenon under the action of the lightning current, and output the flashover state of the insulator string;

[0065] Specifically, an insulator flashover module is established, which is used to determine whether the insulator string flashes under the action of lightning current and feedback the flashover state of the insulator string. In this way, the working state of the insulator string during lightning stroke can be accurately simulated, and potential faults in the power system can be identified in a timely manner.

[0066] In step S201104, a multi-wave impedance model is selected as the tower module. The multi-wave impedance model is the characteristic of the change of resistance and phase of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower. The tower module is used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line tower under the action of lightning current.

[0067] Specifically, the multi-wave impedance model is selected as the tower module, that is, the tower is segmented, and each segment is regarded as an impedance element with specific electrical characteristics. By cascading multiple impedance units, a complete equivalent electrical model of the tower is finally formed. This model describes the impedance change and phase variation characteristics of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower. The parameters included in the multi-wave impedance model are tower height, wave impedance, transmission wave speed, and the like. The model simulates the electromagnetic response of the transmission line tower under the action of lightning current, including transmission characteristics, reflection effect and energy loss. Through this modeling method, the propagation behavior of electromagnetic waves in the tower caused by lightning current can be accurately captured, and the influence on the transmission line can be analyzed.

[0068] In step S201105, a lightning arrester module is established. The lightning arrester module is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb electrical energy under the action of lightning current.

[0069] Specifically, the lightning arrester module is established, which is used to simulate the ability of the lightning arrester to absorb excess electrical energy under the action of lightning current. Through this module, the voltage limiting effect and energy absorption performance of the lightning arrester during lightning stroke can be accurately evaluated, and it is ensured that the lightning arrester can effectively absorb overvoltage and protect the power system from lightning impact.

[0070] It can be understood that the lightning arrester module is implemented using resistance, capacitance, inductance and non-linear resistance. The non-linear resistance represents the conductivity characteristic during the discharge process of the lightning arrester. The capacitance represents the dielectric constant of the zinc oxide resistor disc, and the specific value is related to the line discharge level of the lightning arrester. The inductance represents the magnetic field related to the current flowing through the lightning arrester. The resistance is used to avoid numerical oscillation that may occur during simulation.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, zinc oxide is selected as the main material for manufacturing the lightning arrester in the lightning arrester module.

[0072] In order to determine whether the insulator string flashes under the action of lightning current, in an optional implementation, an insulator flashover module is established, which is used to determine whether the insulator string flashes under the action of lightning current. The step S201103 includes:

[0073] Step S2011031, establishing the insulator string flashover characteristic function Wherein, U flash is the flashover voltage of the insulator string, L is the length of the insulator string, and t is the lightning duration time;

[0074] Specifically, the function is used to simulate the flashover characteristics of the insulator string under the action of lightning current, and the flashover voltage of the insulator string is calculated through the length of the insulator string and the lightning duration time, so as to facilitate subsequent judgment of whether the insulator string will flashover according to the flashover voltage of the insulator string and the actual withstand voltage.

[0075] Step S2011032, calculating the flashover voltage of the insulator string according to the insulator string flashover characteristic function;

[0076] Specifically, the flashover voltage of the insulator string is calculated according to the insulator string flashover characteristic function, which represents the tolerance limit of the insulator string under the action of a certain lightning current. By accurately calculating the flashover voltage, the performance of the insulator string under different working conditions can be quantified, so as to evaluate the lightning protection capability of the insulator string.

[0077] Step S2011033, in the case that the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string flashes over, and the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is the difference between the instantaneous voltages between the two ends of the insulator string under the action of the lightning current;

[0078] Specifically, when the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string exceeds the flashover voltage, the insulator string will flash over. The voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string refers to the difference between the instantaneous voltages between the two ends of the insulator string under the action of the lightning current. This judgment condition can accurately simulate the working state of the insulator under lightning conditions, helping to identify when flashover failure will occur.

[0079] Step S2011034, in the case that the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string does not flash over.

[0080] Specifically, when the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage, the insulator string remains in a normal working state and does not flash over, which indicates that the insulator string still has sufficient insulation performance under the action of lightning current and can effectively isolate the electrical path of the power transmission line.

[0081] In an embodiment, an electromagnetic transient simulation model is established in the ATP-EMTP electromagnetic transient simulation software, and the TACS element and the MODELS element in the ATP-EMTP electromagnetic transient simulation software are used to realize the insulator flashover module, and the specific steps include:

[0082] The voltage-second characteristic function of the insulator string is programmed in the MODELS element, and the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is input to the MODELS element;

[0083] Further, the MODELS element compares the flashover voltage of the insulator string with the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string, and in the case that the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string flashes over; in the case that the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string does not flash over;

[0084] According to the above judgment, the output of the MODELS element is set to 0 and 1, when the flashover phenomenon does not occur, the output of the MODELS element is set to 0, that is, the TACS switch is open, and the insulator string is in a normal working insulation state, when the flashover phenomenon occurs, the output is 1, and the TACS switch is closed, that is, the insulator string flashes over.

[0085] In order to obtain the lightning withstand level, in an optional embodiment, the lightning withstand level of the above-mentioned power system is determined according to simulation data, and the step S203 includes:

[0086] In step S2031, the maximum withstand current I1, the minimum flashover current I2 and the first difference ΔI1 are set, the maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flash over under the action of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string just starts to flash over;

[0087] Specifically, the maximum withstand current, the minimum flashover current and the first difference are set, wherein the maximum withstand current refers to the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flash over under the action of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current refers to the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string just starts to flash over, and the first difference reflects the current margin range of the insulator string from the stable state to the flashover state, by setting these parameters, the lightning protection performance of the insulator string can be more accurately evaluated.

[0088] In step S2032, a first setting step is performed, in the case that the insulator string flashes over under the current lightning current amplitude, I2 is set to I t , and I t is the current lightning current amplitude;

[0089] Specifically, when the insulator string flashes over under the current lightning current amplitude, I2 is set to I t , and I t is the current lightning current amplitude, this step marks the lightning current that actually causes flashover as the flashover current, which is used to evaluate the lightning withstand performance of the insulator string, and through this setting, the critical flashover condition of the insulator string can be identified.

[0090] Step S2033, a second setting step, in the case that the insulator string does not flashover at the current lightning current amplitude, setting I1=I t ;

[0091] Specifically, when the insulator string does not flashover at the current lightning current amplitude, setting I1=I t , this setting marks the current lightning current amplitude as the withstand current, which describes the maximum bearing capacity of the insulator string without flashover, and through this setting, the upper limit of the lightning withstand performance of the insulator string can be defined.

[0092] Step S2034, a calculation step, calculating the difference between the minimum flashover current I2 and the maximum withstand current I1 to obtain a second difference ΔI2=I2-I1;

[0093] Specifically, by calculating the difference between the minimum flashover current and the maximum withstand current, a second difference is obtained, which reflects the margin range of the insulator string from the withstand state to the flashover state under the action of lightning current, and the size of the second difference is directly related to the lightning resistance of the insulator string.

[0094] Step S2035, in the case that the second difference ΔI2 is less than the first difference ΔI1, determining the maximum withstand current I1 as the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model;

[0095] Specifically, when the second difference is less than the first difference, the maximum withstand current is determined as the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, which indicates that the lightning withstand capability of the insulator string has reached a critical state and cannot be further improved, and through this setting, the limit lightning withstand level of the system under the current configuration can be determined.

[0096] Step S2036, in the case that the second difference ΔI2 is greater than the first difference ΔI1, setting the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model as I t =(I1+I2) / 2, repeating the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculation step at least once in turn until the difference between the minimum flashover current I2 and the maximum withstand current I1 is less than the first difference ΔI1.

[0097] Specifically, when the second difference is greater than the first difference, the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is set as I t= (I1+I2) / 2, and repeat the first setting step, the second setting step, and the calculation step at least once in sequence until the difference between the minimum flashover current and the maximum withstand current is less than the first difference. Through this iterative process, the critical performance range of the insulator string can be gradually approximated, the lightning withstand level of the system can be accurately determined, the accuracy of the simulation calculation can be ensured, the error in lightning withstand level estimation caused by parameter deviation can be avoided, and data support can be provided for optimizing insulation design and lightning protection configuration.

[0098] Understandably, the process for determining the lightning resistance level of the aforementioned power system based on simulation data is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0099] To determine the highest lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, in one optional implementation, the configuration parameters of the surge arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, and the model calculation steps and the lightning withstand level calculation steps are repeated to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. Step S204 includes:

[0100] Step S2041: Establish a particle swarm using the particle swarm algorithm. Each particle in the particle swarm represents a configuration scheme for installing a surge arrester. The configuration scheme includes the number and location of the surge arresters and the relative distance between the surge arresters and the tower.

[0101] Specifically, a particle swarm algorithm is used to establish a particle swarm, where each particle represents a surge arrester arrangement scheme. The scheme includes the number of surge arresters, their installation positions, and their relative distances to the towers. These configuration schemes are optimized through the particle swarm algorithm to help determine the optimal surge arrester layout, thereby achieving more efficient lightning protection.

[0102] Step S2042: Calculate the lightning resistance level of each particle as described above;

[0103] Specifically, the lightning resistance level of each particle is calculated, and the lightning protection capability of its corresponding surge arrester configuration under lightning current is evaluated.

[0104] Step S2043: Adjust the positions of the particles that are not at the highest lightning resistance level until a preset number of iterations is reached or the difference between the lightning resistance levels of two consecutive iterations is less than a predetermined difference, and determine the highest lightning resistance level of the current particle group as the highest lightning resistance level.

[0105] Specifically, the positions of particles with lower lightning resistance levels are adjusted and iterated continuously until the preset maximum number of iterations is reached, or the change in lightning resistance level between two consecutive iterations is less than a predetermined threshold. At this point, the highest lightning resistance level in the current particle swarm is determined as the highest lightning resistance level of the system. Through this iterative optimization process, the effectiveness of the surge arrester configuration scheme can be continuously improved, ensuring that the final selected configuration provides the best protection performance under lightning conditions.

[0106] It should be noted that, in one specific embodiment, MATLAB is used to process the simulation data to determine the lightning resistance level of the power system and to define a particle swarm optimization method to optimize the placement of surge arresters.

[0107] Furthermore, the number of particles is set to 50, and the parameters of the surge arrester configuration scheme for each particle are set to 3, including the number of surge arresters, their locations, and the relative distance between the surge arresters and the towers. During electromagnetic transient simulation calculations, the parameter settings for each particle will be used for a complete simulation calculation to evaluate the lightning resistance level of the power system under these parameter settings.

[0108] In one specific embodiment, a comparison and explanation of the voltage waveforms across insulators in a power system with and without surge arresters is provided, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the voltage waveforms across the insulator of phase A were compared before and after the installation of the surge arrester. Without the surge arrester, when lightning strikes phase A, the insulator flashes over; with the surge arrester, the surge arrester limits the overvoltage to below 150kV, and the insulator does not flash over.

[0109] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0110] This application also provides a device for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters on transmission lines. It should be noted that this device can be used to execute the method for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters on transmission lines provided in this application. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0111] The following describes a surge arrester arrangement optimization device for power transmission lines provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0112] Figure 6This is a structural block diagram of a surge arrester arrangement optimization device for transmission lines according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the device includes:

[0113] The first establishment unit 10 is used to execute the establishment steps and establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model. The electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena.

[0114] Specifically, an electromagnetic transient simulation model is established to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena, including the dynamic response of voltage, current, and overvoltage. Through this model, the performance of power equipment under transient conditions and the changes in various system parameters can be accurately evaluated, providing reliable data support for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters and improving the lightning resistance of the system.

[0115] The first calculation unit 20 is used to execute the model calculation steps, perform simulation calculations on the above electromagnetic transient simulation model, and obtain simulation data. The simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and flashover state of the insulator string. The insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series.

[0116] Specifically, the established electromagnetic transient simulation model is used to perform simulation calculations and generate simulation data, including waveform data of voltage and current changes over time, as well as the flashover state of insulator strings under lightning strike or overvoltage conditions. Insulator strings are composed of multiple insulators connected in series and are key insulation components in transmission lines. Through these simulation data, the dynamic response of the power system under transient conditions can be analyzed intuitively, and it can be accurately determined whether flashover has occurred in the insulator strings. This provides a reliable basis for optimizing lightning protection measures and improves the safety and stability of power system operation.

[0117] The second calculation unit 30 is used to perform the lightning withstand level calculation step and determine the lightning withstand level of the above power system based on simulation data. The lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover.

[0118] Specifically, the lightning withstand level of the power system is calculated based on simulation data. The lightning withstand level is defined as the maximum lightning current amplitude that an insulator can withstand without flashover. This calculation allows for an accurate assessment of the system's lightning protection capability.

[0119] The first control unit 40 is used to perform optimization steps, adjust the surge arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the model calculation steps and the lightning withstand level calculation steps at least once, and determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system. The surge arrester configuration parameters include the number and location of the surge arresters in the power system and the relative distance between the surge arresters and the towers.

[0120] Specifically, by adjusting the surge arrester configuration parameters in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, including the number of surge arresters, their location, and their relative distance from the tower, and repeating the simulation calculation and lightning withstand level calculation steps at least once, the surge arrester arrangement is gradually optimized, and the highest lightning withstand level of the power system is finally determined. Through this optimization process, the protective capabilities of the surge arresters can be fully utilized to ensure that the surge arrester arrangement achieves the best effect.

[0121] The second control unit 50 is used to execute the deployment steps and deploy the surge arresters of the power system according to the surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level.

[0122] Specifically, based on the surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level calculated, the surge arresters in the power system are actually deployed, including determining the number, location, and relative distance of the surge arresters to the towers. By strictly following the optimization results, the protective effect of the surge arresters can be maximized, effectively reducing system failures caused by lightning strikes.

[0123] In this embodiment, the first establishment unit is used to execute the establishment step to establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, which is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena; the first calculation unit is used to execute the model calculation step to perform simulation calculations on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, which includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changes over time and flashover state of insulator strings, where the insulator strings are insulating components composed of multiple insulators connected in series; the second calculation unit is used to execute the lightning withstand level calculation step to determine the power system's lightning withstand level based on the simulation data. Lightning withstand level, which is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator will not flashover; a first control unit, used to execute optimization steps, adjust the surge arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the model calculation steps and the lightning withstand level calculation steps at least once, and determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system. The surge arrester configuration parameters include the number, location, and relative distance between the surge arresters and the towers of the power system; a second control unit, used to execute deployment steps, deploy the surge arresters of the power system according to the surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level. This application simulates transient electromagnetic phenomena in a power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model, obtains simulation data, determines the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model based on the simulation data, and adjusts the position, number, and relative distance of the surge arresters to the towers in the electromagnetic transient simulation model to calculate the highest lightning withstand level. This yields the optimal surge arrester configuration parameters for the electromagnetic transient simulation model, which can more effectively improve the lightning withstand level of the power system by adjusting the surge arrester configuration parameters. This solves the problem in existing technologies where unreasonable surge arrester configuration in the power system prevents effective improvement of the power system's lightning withstand level.

[0124] In order to model the electromagnetic transient simulation model, in one optional implementation, the electromagnetic transient simulation model is established, and the first establishment unit mentioned above includes:

[0125] The first sub-unit is used to establish the lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, tower module, and surge arrester module;

[0126] Specifically, a lightning current module, a transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a tower module, and a surge arrester module are constructed to simulate the characteristics of lightning current, the electromagnetic response of transmission lines, the flashover behavior of insulator strings, the transient characteristics of towers, and the voltage limiting and energy absorption performance of surge arresters, respectively. These modules work together to form a complete electromagnetic transient simulation model, which can accurately reproduce the dynamic behavior of the power system under transient events such as lightning strikes.

[0127] The second sub-unit is used to connect the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module, and the surge arrester module according to the actual operating conditions of the transmission line, so as to obtain an electromagnetic transient simulation model and determine the lightning strike point of the electromagnetic transient simulation model.

[0128] Specifically, based on the actual operating conditions of the transmission line, the lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, tower module, and surge arrester module are reasonably connected to construct a complete electromagnetic transient simulation model. The location of the lightning strike point is clearly set in the model. Through this integrated modeling method, the dynamic response behavior of the power system under lightning strike conditions can be fully simulated, ensuring that the model has high accuracy and practical engineering applicability.

[0129] In order to establish each module, in one optional implementation, a lightning current module, a transmission line module, an insulator flashover module, a tower module, and a surge arrester module are established. The aforementioned first establishment sub-unit includes:

[0130] The first module is used to select the Heidler function as the lightning current module, which is used to simulate the waveform characteristics of lightning current. The Heidler function is... Where i(0,t) is the waveform function of the lightning current as a function of time. η is the correction coefficient for the amplitude of the lightning current, I0 is the peak current of the lightning current, n is the current steepness factor, t is the duration of the lightning strike, τ1 is the time constant for the rise of the determining function, and τ2 is the time constant for the decay of the determining function.

[0131] Specifically, the Heidler function is selected as the mathematical model for the lightning current module to accurately simulate the waveform characteristics of lightning current. Through this function, the waveform shape of lightning current can be accurately reproduced, including the characteristics of steep wavefront and gradual wavetail, reflecting the impact of lightning current on transmission lines and equipment.

[0132] The second module is used to select the JMarti overhead line model as the above-mentioned transmission line module. The JMarti overhead line model is a distributed parameter model that reflects the frequency dependence parameter changes of the transmission line under the action of lightning current. The above-mentioned transmission line module is used to simulate the frequency change characteristics of the transmission line under the action of lightning current.

[0133] Specifically, the JMarti overhead line model was selected as the transmission line module. This model can reflect the distributed parameter model of the frequency-dependent parameter changes of the transmission line under the action of lightning current. The JMarti model accurately simulates the frequency characteristics of the transmission line under the action of lightning current, including the behavior of conductor parameters changing with frequency. It can capture the impact of high-frequency transients generated by lightning strikes on the electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line, such as voltage fluctuations, surge propagation and energy distribution. Using this model can improve the accuracy of electromagnetic transient simulation and provide an important basis for evaluating the impact of lightning current on the transmission line.

[0134] The third module is used to establish an insulator flashover module. The insulator flashover module is used to determine whether the insulator string has flashover under the action of the lightning current and output the flashover status of the insulator string.

[0135] Specifically, an insulator flashover module is established. This module is used to determine whether the insulator string flashover occurs under the action of lightning current and to provide feedback on the flashover status of the insulator string. In this way, the working status of the insulator string during a lightning strike can be accurately simulated, and potential faults in the power system can be identified in a timely manner.

[0136] The fourth module is used to select a multi-wave impedance model as the tower module. The multi-wave impedance model represents the resistance and phase change characteristics of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower. The tower module is used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of transmission line towers under the action of lightning current.

[0137] Specifically, a multi-wave impedance model is selected as the tower module. This model describes the impedance change and phase variation characteristics of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower, and simulates the electromagnetic response of transmission line towers under the action of lightning current, including transmission characteristics, reflection effect and energy loss. Through this modeling method, the propagation behavior of electromagnetic waves caused by lightning current in the tower can be accurately captured, and its impact on transmission lines can be analyzed.

[0138] The fifth module is used to establish a surge arrester module, which is used to simulate the surge arrester's ability to absorb electrical energy under the action of the lightning current.

[0139] Specifically, a surge arrester module is established. This module is used to simulate the surge arrester's ability to absorb excess electrical energy under the action of lightning current. Through this module, the voltage limiting effect and energy absorption performance of the surge arrester during lightning strikes can be accurately evaluated, ensuring that the surge arrester can effectively absorb overvoltage and protect the power system from lightning strikes.

[0140] To determine whether a flashover occurs in an insulator string under the influence of a lightning current, in one optional implementation, an insulator flashover module is established to determine whether a flashover occurs in the insulator string under the influence of the aforementioned lightning current. This third module includes:

[0141] The first submodule is used to establish the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string. Among them, U flash Let L be the flashover voltage of the aforementioned insulator string, L be the length of the aforementioned insulator string, and t be the duration of the lightning strike;

[0142] Specifically, this function is used to simulate the flashover characteristics of an insulator string under the action of lightning current. It calculates the flashover voltage of the insulator string by using the length of the insulator string and the duration of the lightning strike, so as to facilitate subsequent judgment on whether the insulator string will flashover based on the flashover voltage and the actual voltage it withstands.

[0143] The second submodule is used to calculate the flashover voltage of the insulator string based on the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string.

[0144] Specifically, the flashover voltage of the insulator string is calculated based on the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string. This flashover voltage represents the withstand limit of the insulator string under a specific lightning current. By accurately calculating the flashover voltage, the performance of the insulator string under different operating conditions can be quantified, thereby evaluating the lightning protection capability of the insulator string.

[0145] The third submodule is used to establish that when the voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string will flash over. The voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string is the difference in the instantaneous voltage across the two ends of the insulator string under the action of the lightning current.

[0146] Specifically, when the voltage difference between the two ends of an insulator string exceeds its flashover voltage, the insulator string will flash over. The voltage difference between the two ends of the insulator string refers to the difference in instantaneous voltage across the two ends of the insulator string under the action of lightning current. This judgment condition can accurately simulate the working state of the insulator under lightning strike conditions and help identify when a flashover fault will occur.

[0147] The fourth submodule is used to ensure that the insulator string does not flashover when the voltage difference across the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string.

[0148] Specifically, when the voltage difference across the insulator string is lower than its flashover voltage, the insulator string maintains normal operation and no flashover occurs. This indicates that the insulator string still has sufficient insulation performance under the action of lightning current and can effectively isolate the electrical path of the transmission line.

[0149] To obtain the lightning withstand level, in one optional implementation, the lightning withstand level of the power system is determined based on simulation data. The second calculation unit includes:

[0150] The first calculation module is used to set the maximum withstand current I1, the minimum flashover current I2 and the first difference ΔI1. The maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flashover under the action of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string flashes over.

[0151] Specifically, the maximum withstand current, minimum flashover current, and first difference are set. The maximum withstand current refers to the maximum lightning current amplitude when the insulator string does not flashover under the action of lightning current, while the minimum flashover current refers to the minimum lightning current amplitude when the insulator string just begins to flashover. The first difference reflects the current margin range of the insulator string from the steady state to the flashover state. By setting these parameters, the lightning protection performance of the insulator string can be evaluated more accurately.

[0152] The second calculation module is used to execute the first setting step, whereby, under the current lightning current amplitude, the insulator string experiences flashover, and I2 = I... t , among which, I t The current lightning current amplitude is as described above;

[0153] Specifically, when the insulator string flashes over under the current lightning current amplitude, let I2 = I t , where I t The current lightning current amplitude is used to evaluate the lightning withstand performance of the insulator string by marking the actual lightning current amplitude that causes flashover as the flashover current. This setting can identify the critical flashover conditions of the insulator string.

[0154] The third calculation module is used to execute the second setting step, under the condition that the above-mentioned insulator string has not flashed under the current lightning current amplitude, let I1 = I t ;

[0155] Specifically, when the insulator string does not flashover under the current lightning current amplitude, let I1 = I t This setting marks the current lightning current amplitude as the withstand current, which describes the maximum withstand capacity of the insulator string without flashover. This setting allows you to define the upper limit of the lightning withstand performance of the insulator string.

[0156] The fourth calculation module is used to perform the calculation steps, calculate the difference between the minimum flashover current I2 and the maximum withstand current I1, and obtain the second difference ΔI2=I2-I1;

[0157] Specifically, a second difference is obtained by calculating the difference between the minimum flashover current and the maximum withstand current. This difference reflects the margin range of the insulator string from the withstand state to the flashover state under the action of lightning current. The magnitude of the second difference is directly related to the lightning resistance capability of the insulator string.

[0158] The fifth calculation module is used to determine the maximum withstand current I1 as the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model when the second difference ΔI2 is less than the first difference ΔI1.

[0159] Specifically, when the second difference is less than the first difference, the maximum withstand current is determined as the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. This indicates that the lightning withstand capability of the insulator string has reached a critical state and cannot be further improved. Through this setting, the limit lightning withstand level of the system under the current configuration can be clearly defined.

[0160] The sixth calculation module is used to set the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model to I when the second difference ΔI2 is greater than the first difference ΔI1. t = (I1+I2) / 2, and repeat the first setting step, the second setting step and the calculation step at least once, until the difference between the minimum flashover current I2 and the maximum withstand current I1 is less than the first difference ΔI1.

[0161] Specifically, when the second difference is greater than the first difference, the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is set to I. t = (I1+I2) / 2, and repeat the first setting step, the second setting step, and the calculation step at least once in sequence until the difference between the minimum flashover current and the maximum withstand current is less than the first difference. Through this iterative process, the critical performance range of the insulator string can be gradually approximated, the lightning withstand level of the system can be accurately determined, the accuracy of the simulation calculation can be ensured, the error in lightning withstand level estimation caused by parameter deviation can be avoided, and data support can be provided for optimizing insulation design and lightning protection configuration.

[0162] To determine the highest lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, in one optional implementation, the configuration parameters of the surge arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model are adjusted, and the model calculation steps and the lightning withstand level calculation steps are repeated to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model. The first control unit includes:

[0163] The first control module is used to establish a particle swarm using a particle swarm algorithm. Each particle in the particle swarm represents a configuration scheme for installing a surge arrester. The configuration scheme includes the number and location of the surge arresters and the relative distance between the surge arresters and the tower.

[0164] Specifically, a particle swarm algorithm is used to establish a particle swarm, where each particle represents a surge arrester arrangement scheme. The scheme includes the number of surge arresters, their installation positions, and their relative distances to the towers. These configuration schemes are optimized through the particle swarm algorithm to help determine the optimal surge arrester layout, thereby achieving more efficient lightning protection.

[0165] The second control module is used to calculate the lightning resistance level of each particle.

[0166] Specifically, the lightning resistance level of each particle is calculated, and the lightning protection capability of its corresponding surge arrester configuration under lightning current is evaluated.

[0167] The third control module is used to adjust the position of the particles that are not at the maximum lightning resistance level until a preset number of iterations is reached or the difference between the lightning resistance levels of two consecutive iterations is less than a predetermined difference, and the maximum lightning resistance level of the current particle group is determined as the highest lightning resistance level.

[0168] Specifically, the positions of particles with lower lightning resistance levels are adjusted and iterated continuously until the preset maximum number of iterations is reached, or the change in lightning resistance level between two consecutive iterations is less than a predetermined threshold. At this point, the highest lightning resistance level in the current particle swarm is determined as the highest lightning resistance level of the system. Through this iterative optimization process, the effectiveness of the surge arrester configuration scheme can be continuously improved, ensuring that the final selected configuration provides the best protection performance under lightning conditions.

[0169] The aforementioned transmission line surge arrester layout optimization device includes a processor and a memory. The first establishment unit, first calculation unit, second calculation unit, first control unit, and second control unit are all stored as program units in the memory. The processor executes these program units stored in the memory to achieve the corresponding functions. All of the above modules are located in the same processor; alternatively, the modules may be located in different processors in any combination.

[0170] The processor contains a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program units from memory. One or more kernels can be configured, and adjusting kernel parameters can improve the computational capability for assessing the lightning withstand capability of the power system.

[0171] The memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0172] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the aforementioned method for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters for power transmission lines.

[0173] Specifically, a method for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters on transmission lines includes:

[0174] Step S201, Establishment Step: Establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model. This model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena. Step S202, Model Calculation Step: Perform simulation calculations on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data. This data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changes over time and the flashover state of the insulator string. The insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series. Step S203, Lightning Withstand Level Calculation Step: Determine the lightning withstand level of the power system based on the simulation data. The above-mentioned lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator will not flashover; Step S204, optimization step, adjust the surge arrester configuration parameters of the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the above-mentioned model calculation step and the above-mentioned lightning withstand level calculation step at least once, and determine the highest lightning withstand level of the above-mentioned power system. The above-mentioned surge arrester configuration parameters include the number, location and relative distance between the surge arrester and the tower of the above-mentioned power system; Step S205, deployment step, deploy the above-mentioned surge arresters of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned highest lightning withstand level.

[0175] This invention provides a processor for running a program, wherein the program executes the aforementioned method for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters on power transmission lines.

[0176] Specifically, a method for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters on transmission lines includes:

[0177] Step S201, Establishment Step: Establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model. This model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena. Step S202, Model Calculation Step: Perform simulation calculations on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data. This data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changes over time and the flashover state of the insulator string. The insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series. Step S203, Lightning Withstand Level Calculation Step: Determine the lightning withstand level of the power system based on the simulation data. The above-mentioned lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator will not flashover; Step S204, optimization step, adjust the surge arrester configuration parameters of the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the above-mentioned model calculation step and the above-mentioned lightning withstand level calculation step at least once, and determine the highest lightning withstand level of the above-mentioned power system. The above-mentioned surge arrester configuration parameters include the number, location and relative distance between the surge arrester and the tower of the above-mentioned power system; Step S205, deployment step, deploy the above-mentioned surge arresters of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned highest lightning withstand level.

[0178] This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program having at least the following method steps:

[0179] Step S201, Establishment Step: Establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model. This model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena. Step S202, Model Calculation Step: Perform simulation calculations on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data. This data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changes over time and the flashover state of the insulator string. The insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series. Step S203, Lightning Withstand Level Calculation Step: Determine the lightning withstand level of the power system based on the simulation data. The above-mentioned lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator will not flashover; Step S204, optimization step, adjust the surge arrester configuration parameters of the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the above-mentioned model calculation step and the above-mentioned lightning withstand level calculation step at least once, and determine the highest lightning withstand level of the above-mentioned power system. The above-mentioned surge arrester configuration parameters include the number, location and relative distance between the surge arrester and the tower of the above-mentioned power system; Step S205, deployment step, deploy the above-mentioned surge arresters of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned highest lightning withstand level.

[0180] This application embodiment also provides a transmission line surge arrester layout optimization system, including: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, including executing any of the above-described methods in the feeder group power transfer capacity assessment method.

[0181] Specifically, a method for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters on transmission lines includes:

[0182] Step S201, Establishment Step: Establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model. This model is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena. Step S202, Model Calculation Step: Perform simulation calculations on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data. This data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changes over time and the flashover state of the insulator string. The insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series. Step S203, Lightning Withstand Level Calculation Step: Determine the lightning withstand level of the power system based on the simulation data. The above-mentioned lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator will not flashover; Step S204, optimization step, adjust the surge arrester configuration parameters of the above-mentioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the above-mentioned model calculation step and the above-mentioned lightning withstand level calculation step at least once, and determine the highest lightning withstand level of the above-mentioned power system. The above-mentioned surge arrester configuration parameters include the number, location and relative distance between the surge arrester and the tower of the above-mentioned power system; Step S205, deployment step, deploy the above-mentioned surge arresters of the above-mentioned power system according to the above-mentioned surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the above-mentioned highest lightning withstand level.

[0183] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0184] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0185] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0186] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0187] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0188] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0189] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0190] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0191] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0192] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects:

[0193] 1) In the method for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters for transmission lines according to this application, the following steps are included: Establishment step: Establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, which is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of a power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena; Model calculation step: Perform simulation calculation on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, which includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changes over time and flashover state of insulator strings, where the insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series; Lightning withstand level calculation step: Determine the lightning withstand level of the power system based on the simulation data, where the lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulators do not flashover; Optimization step: Adjust the surge arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and repeat the model calculation step and the lightning withstand level calculation step at least once to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system, where the surge arrester configuration parameters include the number, location, and relative distance between the surge arresters and the towers; Layout step: Layout the surge arresters of the power system according to the surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level. This application simulates transient electromagnetic phenomena in a power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model, obtains simulation data, determines the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model based on the simulation data, and adjusts the position, number, and relative distance of the surge arresters to the towers in the electromagnetic transient simulation model to calculate the highest lightning withstand level. This yields the optimal surge arrester configuration parameters for the electromagnetic transient simulation model, which can more effectively improve the lightning withstand level of the power system by adjusting the surge arrester configuration parameters. This solves the problem in existing technologies where unreasonable surge arrester configuration in the power system prevents effective improvement of the power system's lightning withstand level.

[0194] 2) A surge arrester layout optimization device for transmission lines according to this application includes a first establishment unit for performing an establishment step to establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, which is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of a power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena; a first calculation unit for performing a model calculation step to perform simulation calculations on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data, which includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changes over time and flashover state of insulator strings, wherein the insulator strings are insulating components composed of multiple insulators connected in series; and a second calculation unit for performing a lightning withstand level calculation step to determine the lightning withstand level based on the simulation data. The lightning withstand level of the aforementioned power system is defined as the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover. A first control unit is used to execute optimization steps, adjusting the surge arrester configuration parameters of the aforementioned electromagnetic transient simulation model, and repeating the aforementioned model calculation steps and the aforementioned lightning withstand level calculation steps at least once to determine the highest lightning withstand level of the aforementioned power system. The surge arrester configuration parameters include the number, location, and relative distance between the surge arresters and the towers in the aforementioned power system. A second control unit is used to execute deployment steps, deploying the surge arresters of the aforementioned power system according to the surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level. This application simulates transient electromagnetic phenomena in a power system by establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, calculates the electromagnetic transient simulation model, obtains simulation data, determines the lightning withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model based on the simulation data, and adjusts the position, number, and relative distance of the surge arresters to the towers in the electromagnetic transient simulation model to calculate the highest lightning withstand level. This yields the optimal surge arrester configuration parameters for the electromagnetic transient simulation model, which can more effectively improve the lightning withstand level of the power system by adjusting the surge arrester configuration parameters. This solves the problem in existing technologies where unreasonable surge arrester configuration in the power system prevents effective improvement of the power system's lightning withstand level.

[0195] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters on transmission lines, characterized in that, include: The steps include establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model, which is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of a power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena. The model calculation step involves performing simulation calculations on the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain simulation data. The simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changes over time and the flashover state of the insulator string. The insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series. The lightning withstand level calculation steps involve determining the lightning withstand level of the power system based on simulation data. The lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover. The optimization steps involve adjusting the surge arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeating the model calculation steps and the lightning withstand level calculation steps at least once, and determining the highest lightning withstand level of the power system. The surge arrester configuration parameters include the number and location of the surge arresters in the power system and the relative distance between the surge arresters and the towers. The deployment steps involve deploying the surge arresters in the power system according to the surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level. The lightning withstand level of the power system is determined based on simulation data, including: setting the maximum withstand current. Minimum flashover current and the first difference The maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flashover under the action of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string flashes over; the first setting step is, under the current lightning current amplitude, if the insulator string flashes over, let ,in, The current lightning current amplitude is given; the second setting step is to set the insulator string such that, under the current lightning current amplitude, no flashover occurs. ; Calculation steps: Calculate the minimum flashover current. and the maximum withstand current The difference is used to obtain the second difference. ; at the second difference Less than the first difference In this case, the maximum withstand current will be... The lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is determined; in the second difference Greater than the first difference Under these circumstances, let the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model be [value missing]. Repeat the first setting step, the second setting step, and the calculation step at least once in sequence until the minimum flashover current is reached. With the maximum withstand current The difference is less than the first difference. .

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, including: Establish lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, tower module, and surge arrester module; Based on the actual operating conditions of the transmission line, the lightning current module, the transmission line module, the insulator flashover module, the tower module, and the surge arrester module are connected to obtain an electromagnetic transient simulation model, and the lightning strike point of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Establish lightning current module, transmission line module, insulator flashover module, tower module, and surge arrester module, including: The Heidler function is selected as the lightning current module, which is used to simulate the waveform characteristics of lightning current. The Heidler function is... ,in, Let be the waveform function of the lightning current as a function of time. , This is a correction factor for the amplitude of the lightning current. This is the peak current of the lightning current. This is the current steepness factor. Duration of the lightning strike. To determine the time constant of the function's rise, To determine the time constant of the function decay; The JMarti overhead line model is selected as the transmission line module. The JMarti overhead line model is a distributed parameter model that reflects the frequency dependence parameter changes of the transmission line under the action of lightning current. The transmission line module is used to simulate the frequency change characteristics of the transmission line under the action of lightning current. An insulator flashover module is established, which is used to determine whether the insulator string flashover occurs under the action of the lightning current and output the flashover status of the insulator string; A multi-wave impedance model is selected as the tower module. The multi-wave impedance model represents the resistance and phase change characteristics of electromagnetic waves during transmission on the tower. The tower module is used to simulate the electromagnetic characteristics of transmission line towers under the action of lightning current. A surge arrester module is established to simulate the surge arrester's ability to absorb electrical energy under the action of the lightning current.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, An insulator flashover module is established to determine whether a flashover occurs in the insulator string under the action of the lightning current, including: Establish the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string ,in, The flashover voltage of the insulator string. The length of the insulator string. Duration of the lightning strike; The flashover voltage of the insulator string is calculated based on the volt-second characteristic function of the insulator string; When the voltage difference across the insulator string is greater than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string flashes over. The voltage difference across the insulator string is the difference in instantaneous voltage across the insulator string under the action of the lightning current. When the voltage difference across the insulator string is less than the flashover voltage of the insulator string, the insulator string does not experience flashover.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjust the configuration parameters of the surge arrester in the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the model calculation steps and the surge withstand level calculation steps, and determine the highest surge withstand level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, including: A particle swarm is established using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. Each particle in the particle swarm represents a configuration scheme for installing surge arresters. The configuration scheme includes the number of surge arresters, their locations, and the relative distance between the surge arresters and the tower. The lightning resistance level of each particle was calculated; The positions of particles that are not at the maximum lightning resistance level are adjusted until a preset number of iterations is reached or the difference between the lightning resistance levels of two consecutive iterations is less than a predetermined difference. The maximum lightning resistance level of the current particle swarm is then determined as the highest lightning resistance level.

6. A device for optimizing the arrangement of surge arresters on transmission lines, characterized in that, include: The first establishment unit is used to execute the establishment steps and establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model, which is used to simulate the changes in electrical parameters of the power system under various transient electromagnetic phenomena. The first calculation unit is used to execute the model calculation steps, perform simulation calculations on the electromagnetic transient simulation model, and obtain simulation data. The simulation data includes graphical waveform data of voltage and current changing with time and flashover state of the insulator string. The insulator string is an insulating component composed of multiple insulators connected in series. The second calculation unit is used to perform the lightning withstand level calculation step and determine the lightning withstand level of the power system based on simulation data. The lightning withstand level is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator does not flashover. The first control unit is used to perform optimization steps, adjust the surge arrester configuration parameters of the electromagnetic transient simulation model, repeat the model calculation steps and the lightning withstand level calculation steps at least once, and determine the highest lightning withstand level of the power system. The surge arrester configuration parameters include the number and location of the surge arresters in the power system and the relative distance between the surge arresters and the towers. The second control unit is used to execute the deployment steps and deploy the surge arresters of the power system according to the surge arrester configuration parameters corresponding to the highest lightning withstand level. The second calculation unit includes: a first calculation module, used to set the maximum withstand current. Minimum flashover current and the first difference The maximum withstand current is the maximum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string does not flashover under the influence of lightning current, and the minimum flashover current is the minimum lightning current amplitude at which the insulator string flashes over; the second calculation module is used to execute the first setting step, and under the current lightning current amplitude, if the insulator string flashes over, let ,in, The current lightning current amplitude is given; the third calculation module is used to execute the second setting step, whereby, under the current lightning current amplitude, if the insulator string does not experience flashover, let... The fourth calculation module is used to perform the calculation steps and calculate the minimum flashover current. and the maximum withstand current The difference is used to obtain the second difference. The fifth calculation module is used to calculate the second difference. Less than the first difference In this case, the maximum withstand current will be... The lightning resistance level of the electromagnetic transient simulation model is determined; the sixth calculation module is used to calculate the second difference. Greater than the first difference Under these circumstances, let the current lightning current amplitude of the electromagnetic transient simulation model be [value missing]. Repeat the first setting step, the second setting step, and the calculation step at least once in sequence until the minimum flashover current is reached. With the maximum withstand current The difference is less than the first difference. .

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. A surge arrester layout optimization system for transmission lines, characterized in that, include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising methods for performing any one of claims 1 to 5.

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