Large-scale MIMO passive random access method, device, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale MIMO passive random access method, device and equipment, a medium and a product. The method comprises the following steps: segmenting an original message vector generated by an information source into a first sub-vector and a second sub-vector, wherein a first length corresponding to the first sub-vector is smaller than a second length corresponding to the second sub-vector; mapping the first sub-vector into a corresponding target index according to a pre-constructed mapping function; according to the target index, querying a pilot frequency vector matched with the target index in a public pilot frequency codebook, and querying a matched switching mode in a public switching mode codebook; respectively coding the first sub-vector and the second sub-vector to obtain a target code word; modulating the target code word to obtain a modulation symbol sequence; embedding the modulation symbol sequence into a switch mode to obtain a switch symbol sequence; and superposing the pilot frequency vector and the switching symbol sequence to obtain a target transmission signal. According to the embodiment of the invention, multi-user interference can be reduced, and the transmission efficiency of user access can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and in particular, relates to a large-scale MIMO passive random access method, device, equipment, medium and product. Background Art

[0002] Massive machine-type communications (mMTC) is the most promising key scenario for achieving massive connections in the next generation of wireless communications. It is characterized by a large number of devices, low power consumption, small data packets, and sporadic communication with base stations. Most of the existing access schemes for Gaussian multiple access channels (MAC) require pilots and data to occupy different time-frequency resources for transmission. However, in the mMTC scenario, as the number of users increases, the required pilot length will also increase accordingly, resulting in reduced transmission efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a large-scale MIMO passive random access method, apparatus, device, medium and product, which are used to at least solve the problem in the related art that the pilot and data occupy different time-frequency resources for transmission, resulting in low transmission efficiency.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a massive MIMO passive random access method, including:

[0005] Splitting an original message vector generated by a source into a first sub-vector and a second sub-vector, wherein a first length corresponding to the first sub-vector is smaller than a second length corresponding to the second sub-vector;

[0006] According to a pre-constructed mapping function, mapping the first sub-vector to a corresponding target index;

[0007] According to the target index, querying a pre-generated common pilot codebook for a pilot vector matching the target index, and querying a pre-generated common switch pattern codebook for a switch pattern matching the target index;

[0008] Encoding the first sub-vector and the second sub-vector respectively to obtain a target codeword;

[0009] Modulating the target codeword to obtain a modulation symbol sequence;

[0010] Embedding the modulation symbol sequence into the switch pattern to obtain a switch symbol sequence;

[0011] The pilot vector is superimposed on the switch symbol sequence to obtain a target transmission signal.

[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a massive MIMO passive random access device, the device comprising:

[0013] A segmentation module, configured to segment an original message vector generated by a source into a first sub-vector and a second sub-vector, wherein a first length corresponding to the first sub-vector is smaller than a second length corresponding to the second sub-vector;

[0014] A mapping module, configured to map the first sub-vector to a corresponding target index according to a pre-built mapping function;

[0015] A query module, configured to query a pre-generated common pilot codebook for a pilot vector matching the target index according to the target index, and query a pre-generated common switch mode codebook for a switch mode matching the target index;

[0016] An encoding module, used for encoding the first sub-vector and the second sub-vector respectively to obtain a target codeword;

[0017] A modulation module, used for modulating the target codeword to obtain a modulation symbol sequence;

[0018] An embedding module, used for embedding the modulation symbol sequence into the switch pattern to obtain a switch symbol sequence;

[0019] The superposition module is used to superimpose the pilot vector and the switch symbol sequence to obtain a target transmission signal.

[0020] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; when the processor executes the computer program instructions, the steps of the large-scale MIMO passive random access method as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect are implemented.

[0021] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the large-scale MIMO passive random access method as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect are implemented.

[0022] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the large-scale MIMO passive random access method provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] The large-scale MIMO passive random access method, apparatus, device, medium and product of the embodiments of the present application introduce on-off division multiple access (ODMA) transmission in large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) passive random access (URA), effectively overcoming the multi-user interference problem caused by the use of spatial multiplexing and successive interference cancellation (SIC) of MIMO in related technologies, and using a superimposed pilot (SP) structure to convey the switching mode instead of a pilot as a preamble code, which can improve the transmission efficiency of user access. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a large-scale MIMO passive random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of another large-scale MIMO passive random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the change of the required signal-to-noise ratio with the number of active users under the condition that the probability of user detection error does not exceed 0.1 under different numbers of antennas provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of simulation results of performance comparison between SP-ODMA and Serial-ODMA based on polar and 5G-LDPC codes when the number of active users provided in the embodiment of the present application is 1000 and the number of antennas is 100, 200, and 300;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the change of the signal-to-noise ratio required for achieving a detection error probability not exceeding 0.05 with the number of active users when the number of antennas = 50, 100, 200, 300 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6It is a structural schematic diagram of a large-scale MIMO passive random access device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] Large-scale MIMO passive random access device 600, segmentation module 601, mapping module 602, query module 603, encoding module 604, modulation module 605, embedding module 606, superposition module 607,

[0034] Electronic device 700 , processor 701 , memory 702 , communication interface 703 , bus 710 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating the examples of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "include..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0037] Massive machine-type communications (mMTC) is the most promising key scenario for achieving massive connections in the next generation of wireless communications, which is characterized by a large number of devices, low power consumption, small data packets, and sporadic communication with base stations. However, the traditional authorization-based access method is no longer suitable for mMTC due to its high latency and signaling overhead.

[0038] Unsourced random access (URA) is an unlicensed random access method. In URA, a large number of active users communicate with the base station synchronously or asynchronously. The receiver attempts to reconstruct the messages from these users without identifying the users, and uses the per-user error probability (PUPE) as the performance metric for evaluation. This solution is one of the most promising solutions to solve mMTC access.

[0039] There are several practical access schemes for Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC). For example, dividing the frame into block time slots and tree coding structure based on compressed sensing, where each active user only occupies a small part of the transmission resources, can achieve better performance. However, most of these schemes require pilot and data to occupy different time-frequency resources for transmission. In the mMTC scenario, as the number of users increases, the required pilot length will also increase accordingly, resulting in reduced transmission efficiency.

[0040] In order to solve the problems of related technologies, the embodiments of the present application provide a large-scale MIMO passive random access method, apparatus, device, medium and product.

[0041] The massive MIMO passive random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments and application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a large-scale MIMO passive random access method 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the massive MIMO passive random access method 100 may specifically include the following steps:

[0043] S101, dividing an original message vector generated by a source into a first sub-vector and a second sub-vector, wherein a first length corresponding to the first sub-vector is smaller than a second length corresponding to the second sub-vector;

[0044] S102: Map the first sub-vector to a corresponding target index according to a pre-constructed mapping function;

[0045] S103. According to the target index, query a pre-generated common pilot codebook for a pilot vector that matches the target index, and query a pre-generated common switch pattern codebook for a switch pattern that matches the target index;

[0046] S104, respectively encode the first sub-vector and the second sub-vector to obtain a target codeword;

[0047] S105, modulating the target codeword to obtain a modulation symbol sequence;

[0048] S106, embedding the modulation symbol sequence into the switch pattern to obtain a switch symbol sequence;

[0049] S107: Superimpose the pilot vector and the switch symbol sequence to obtain a target transmission signal.

[0050] Therefore, ODMA transmission is introduced in massive MIMO-URA to effectively overcome the multi-user interference problem caused by spatial multiplexing and continuous interference cancellation using MIMO in related technologies, and the superimposed pilot structure is used to convey the switching mode instead of the pilot as the preamble code, which can improve the transmission efficiency of user access.

[0051] The specific implementation methods of the above steps are introduced below.

[0052] In some embodiments, in S101, an external input message vector is defined, that is, an original message vector b generated by a source. k is B bits, and the original message vector b k Split into two sub-vectors: the first sub-vector b ks and the second subvector b kc . Among them, the first subvector b ks and the second subvector b kc The lengths of B s and B c =BB s , and the first subvector b ks The corresponding first length B s Smaller than the second subvector b kc The corresponding second length B c .

[0053] Next, in the subsequent steps, the first subvector b is ks and the second subvector b kc Perform different treatments.

[0054] In some embodiments, before S102, a mapping function is defined: Ω:

[0055] where [J] = {1,...,J} and

[0056] Further, in some embodiments, based on the mapping function, the first sub-vector b ks Mapped to a target index D k . Thus, using this target index D k, select the corresponding pilot vector from the common pilot codebook P And query and target index D in the public switch mode codebook A k Matching switch mode That is, S102 and S103 are executed.

[0057] Among them, the switch mode is a row in the common switch mode codebook A, which is a binary sequence used to characterize channel occupancy or channel idleness, that is, indicating which channels are used to transmit data and which channels are idle.

[0058] It should be noted that both the common pilot codebook P and the common switch mode codebook A are pre-generated. Specifically, the common pilot codebook P is randomly generated according to Gaussian distribution, and the common pilot codebook P is a complex matrix; the common switch mode codebook A is a A regular binary random sparse matrix with n rows and columns, and the row weight of each row in the public switch pattern codebook A is n d rows, and the column weight of each column is n d J / n, that is, each row in the common switch mode codebook A has n d Each column is 1, the rest are 0, each column is n d J / n ones and the rest are 0s, where n represents the length of the common switch mode codebook A.

[0059] As an optional embodiment, a specific implementation of S104 may include: repeating the first sub-vector b ks , get the first codeword u ks ; According to the target bit rate, the second sub-vector b is encoded by the channel encoder kc Perform error correction coding to obtain the second codeword u kc ; The first code word u ks and the second codeword u kc Determined as the target codeword u k =(u ks ,u kc ). In this way, by k =(b ks ,b kc ) Encode according to the code rate requirement to obtain the encoded target codeword u k =(u ks ,u kc ). In this way, the reliability of transmission can be increased and channel noise can be counteracted by adding redundant information.

[0060] Optionally, the encoding method includes, but is not limited to, convolutional code, polar code, and LDPC code, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment. Convolutional coding uses certain operation rules to encode the input bit stream, generates an output bit stream with a redundant sequence, and sends it to the channel. Then, the receiver can effectively correct the bit errors generated by the transmission channel through the relevant deconvolution operation.

[0061] Further, in some embodiments, in S105, the specific modulation method for the target codeword is not limited. Taking quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation as an example, QPSK modulation is a quaternary phase shift keying method, each symbol carries 2 bits of information, and the encoded target codeword u k =(u ks ,u kc ) is converted into a modulation symbol sequence w through QPSK modulation k Among them, the modulated symbol The length of the modulation symbol sequence is n d .

[0062] In some embodiments, the modulation symbol sequence w k Embedded in switch mode Generate a switch symbol sequence v in k Therefore, the pilot vector and the switch symbol sequence v k Superposition to form the final target transmission signal X k .

[0063] Optionally, the pilot power ratio α is preset, and 0<α<1. Then the target transmission signal X k It can be expressed as:

[0064]

[0065] Where P represents the common pilot codebook, represents the pilot vector, v k Represents a sequence of switch symbols.

[0066] Furthermore, Figure 2 A flow chart of another large-scale MIMO passive random access method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the massive MIMO passive random access method is an SP-ODMA scheme, and the sending process specifically includes: the original message vector b generated by the source k is divided into two parts, forming two independent message vectors b ks and b kc, for subsequent processing and transmission optimization; through a predefined mapping function Ω, b ks Mapped to an index D k , this index is used to select the corresponding pilot vector from the common pilot codebook P At the same time, the switching mode can be determined from the common switching mode codebook A For the original message vector b k =(b ks ,b kc ) to encode, repeat b ks Get u ks , b kc Get u through the channel encoder kc , in order to increase the reliability of transmission and combat channel noise by adding redundant information; the encoded codeword uk=(uks,ukc) is converted into a symbol sequence wk through modulation (such as orthogonal phase shift keying QPSK); the modulated symbol sequence wk is combined with the switching mode Generate a switch symbol sequence vk; set the pilot vector It is superimposed with the switch symbol sequence vk to form the final transmission signal Xk.

[0068] It should be noted that, since the superimposed pilots will inevitably conflict with data and other pilots, the reduction of multi-user interference is mainly attributed to the ODMA scheme, in which each user selects a channel time slot to transmit data symbols according to the ultra-sparse switching mode selected by it, which significantly reduces the amount of user data symbols carried by a single channel time slot, i.e., multi-user interference. Different from the existing MIMO ODMA scheme, the SP-ODMA of this embodiment makes full use of the sparsity of ODMA and is conducive to channel estimation and active switching mode detection.

[0069] The massive MIMO passive random access method of this embodiment is further described below in conjunction with simulation experiments.

[0070] It should be understood that in order to find the best balance between activity detection and decoding performance, the optimal power allocation ratio between pilot and data is determined by numerical simulation, and this ratio is mainly affected by the number of active users. As shown in Table 1 below, different numbers of active users (K a )’s optimal pilot power ratio value (αnopt).

[0071] Table 1

[0072] K 100 200 300 400 500 αnopt 0.105 0.11 0.118 0.128 0.136 Ka 600 700 800 900 1000 αnopt 0.142 0.152 0.163 0.172 0.184

[0073] First, under different numbers of antennas (M=8, 16, 32, 64), the signal-to-noise ratio Eb / N0 required for the SP-ODMA solution of this embodiment when the user detection error probability does not exceed 0.1 is simulated.

[0074] Figure 3 It shows that when the number of antennas M = 8, 16, 32, 64, the signal-to-noise ratio Eb / N0 required to achieve a detection error probability Pe≤0.1 varies with the number of active users K a By Figure 3 As can be seen from the figure, compared with FASURA, SNOP-URA, SKP coding and GOMP-ODMA, the scheme of this embodiment has a slightly inferior performance when the number of antennas is small, but the performance is significantly improved as the number of antennas increases. As the number of antennas increases, the receiving algorithm can more effectively separate user signals, thereby improving the performance of the entire system.

[0075] Furthermore, in order to prove the superiority of the SP transmission scheme of the present embodiment, two comparative schemes are designed for comparison: serial ODMA and SP spreading. The serial ODMA scheme transmits mode information by using a pilot as a preamble, and serially connects the pilot with a switch symbol sequence to generate a transmission signal; the SP-Spreading scheme uses a random spread spectrum method to replace the switch pattern, and superimposes the pilot vector with the spread spectrum symbol sequence to generate a transmission signal.

[0076] Figure 4 Shows the number of active users K a = 1000, and the number of antennas M = 100, 200, and 300, the performance comparison of SP-ODMA and Serial-ODMA based on polar and 5G-LDPC codes. Specifically, Figure 4 In the figure, the false detection probability Pe of the two schemes is shown when using Polar code and 5G-LDPC code, and under different antenna numbers M and different signal-to-noise ratios Eb / N0. Figure 4 The results show that the SP-ODMA solution of this embodiment surpasses the serial ODMA solution in performance, because the multi-user interference generated by the SP-ODMA solution is smaller. At the same time, the multi-user interference of the serial ODMA solution is smaller than that of the SP-Spreading solution, which further highlights the performance advantage of the solution of the embodiment of the present application.

[0077] In addition, for different numbers of antennas (M = 50, 100, 200, 300), the SP-ODMA polarity scheme of the embodiment of the present application is simulated when the user detection error probability does not exceed 0.05. The simulation experiment compares multiple schemes including pilot-based schemes, FASURA, SNOP-URA, SKP coding and GOMP-ODMA.

[0078] Figure 5 It shows that when the number of antennas M = 50, 100, 200, 300, the signal-to-noise ratio Eb / N0 required to achieve the detection error probability Pe≤0.05 varies with the number of active users K a By the changes of Figure 5 The results show that the SP-ODMA scheme of the embodiment of the present application performs better when the number of antennas is large, but performs slightly worse when the number of antennas is small. The SP-ODMA polarization scheme performs better than the pilot-based scheme under different numbers of active users. As the number of active users increases, the advantages of the SP-ODMA scheme are more obvious in the case of more antennas. This is because the performance of the detection algorithm improves with the increase in the number of antennas, which helps to better separate user signals.

[0079] From the above, it can be seen that the new superimposed ODMA transmission scheme for large-scale MIMO URA in the embodiment of the present application can improve the transmission efficiency of user access on the one hand, and on the other hand, can effectively overcome the multi-user interference problem caused by the spatial multiplexing and continuous interference elimination of MIMO in the existing MIMO URA scheme. ODMA transmission is introduced in MIMO URA to reduce multi-user interference and improve overall performance. A superimposed pilot structure is used to convey the switching mode instead of the pilot as the preamble code, and the data is not transmitted continuously, and there are some moments of silence. Therefore, the number of users accessing at the same time is less than that in the related art, and the interference between users is less, which significantly improves the system's feasibility.

[0080] It should be noted that the above describes some embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0081] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiments and methods, the present application also provides a large-scale MIMO passive random access device 600.

[0082] like Figure 6 As shown, the massive MIMO passive random access device 600 may include:

[0083] A segmentation module 601 is used to segment an original message vector generated by a source into a first sub-vector and a second sub-vector, wherein a first length corresponding to the first sub-vector is smaller than a second length corresponding to the second sub-vector;

[0084] A mapping module 602, configured to map the first sub-vector to a corresponding target index according to a pre-built mapping function;

[0085] A query module 603 is configured to query a pre-generated common pilot codebook for a pilot vector matching the target index according to the target index, and query a pre-generated common switch pattern codebook for a switch pattern matching the target index;

[0086] An encoding module 604 is used to encode the first sub-vector and the second sub-vector respectively to obtain a target codeword;

[0087] The modulation module 605 is used to modulate the target codeword to obtain a modulation symbol sequence;

[0088] An embedding module 606, configured to embed the modulation symbol sequence into the switch pattern to obtain a switch symbol sequence;

[0089] The superposition module 607 is used to superimpose the pilot vector and the switch symbol sequence to obtain a target transmission signal.

[0090] Optionally, the mapping function is:

[0091] Ω:

[0092] where [J] = {1,...,J} and B s Indicates the first length.

[0093] Optionally, the common pilot codebook is randomly generated according to Gaussian distribution, and the common pilot codebook is a complex matrix;

[0094] The common switch mode codebook is a A regular binary random sparse matrix with n rows and columns, where the weight of each row in the common switch pattern codebook is n d rows, and the column weight of each column is n d J / n, that is, each row in the common switch mode codebook has n d Each column is 1, the rest are 0, each column is n d J / n ones and the rest are 0s, where n represents the length of the common switch mode codebook;

[0095] The switch pattern is a row in a common switch pattern codebook, which is a binary sequence and is used to characterize channel occupancy or channel idleness, that is, to indicate which channels are used to transmit data and which channels are idle.

[0096] Optionally, the length of the modulation symbol sequence is n d .

[0097] In some optional embodiments, the encoding module 604 is specifically used to repeat the first sub-vector to obtain a first codeword; according to a target code rate, error correction encoding is performed on the second sub-vector by a channel encoder to obtain a second codeword; and the first codeword and the second codeword are determined as target codewords.

[0098] In some optional embodiments, the superposition module 607 is specifically configured to obtain the target transmission signal according to the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, X k represents the target transmission signal, α represents the pilot power ratio, P represents the common pilot codebook, represents the pilot vector, v k Represents a sequence of switch symbols.

[0101] It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the above device is described in terms of functions and is divided into various modules. Of course, when implementing the present application, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0102] The apparatus of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding massive MIMO passive random access method in any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0103] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiment methods, the present application also provides an electronic device.

[0104] Figure 7 A more specific schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by this embodiment is shown.

[0105] The electronic device 700 may include a processor 701 and a memory 702 storing computer program instructions.

[0106] Specifically, the processor 701 may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present application.

[0107] The memory 702 may include a large capacity memory for data or instructions. By way of example and not limitation, the memory 702 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic tape, or a universal serial bus (USB) drive or a combination of two or more of these. In appropriate cases, the memory 702 may include a removable or non-removable (or fixed) medium. In appropriate cases, the memory 702 may be inside or outside the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a specific embodiment, the memory 702 is a non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0108] In certain embodiments, the memory may include a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, a flash memory device, an electrical, optical or other physical / tangible memory storage device. Thus, typically, the memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., a memory device) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the method according to one aspect of the present application.

[0109] The processor 701 implements any one of the massive MIMO passive random access methods in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 702 .

[0110] In some examples, the electronic device 700 may further include a communication interface 703 and a bus 710. Figure 7 As shown, the processor 701, the memory 702, and the communication interface 703 are connected via a bus 710 and communicate with each other.

[0111] The communication interface 703 is mainly used to implement communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of the present application.

[0112] Bus 710 includes hardware, software or both, and the parts of online data flow billing equipment are coupled to each other. For example, but not limitation, bus 710 may include accelerated graphics port (AGP) or other graphics bus, enhanced industrial standard architecture (EISA) bus, front-end bus (FSB), hypertransport (HT) interconnection, industrial standard architecture (ISA) bus, infinite bandwidth interconnection, low pin count (LPC) bus, memory bus, micro channel architecture (MCA) bus, peripheral component interconnection (PCI) bus, PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, video electronics standard association local (VLB) bus or other suitable bus or two or more of these combinations. In appropriate cases, bus 710 may include one or more buses. Although the present application embodiment describes and shows a specific bus, the present application considers any suitable bus or interconnection.

[0113] Exemplarily, the electronic device 700 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, an in-vehicle electronic device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, or a personal digital assistant (PDA).

[0114] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiments and methods, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, any of the large-scale MIMO passive random access methods in the above-mentioned embodiments is implemented. Examples of computer-readable storage media include non-transitory computer-readable storage media, such as portable disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, etc.

[0115] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiments, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions. In some embodiments, the computer program instructions can be executed by one or more processors of a computer so that the computer and / or the processor execute the massive MIMO passive random access method. Corresponding to the execution subject corresponding to each step in each embodiment of the massive MIMO passive random access method, the processor that executes the corresponding step may belong to the corresponding execution subject.

[0116] It should be clear that the present application is not limited to the specific configuration and processing described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of simplicity, a detailed description of the known method is omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of the present application is not limited to the specific steps described and shown, and those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and additions, or change the order between the steps after understanding the spirit of the present application.

[0117] The functional blocks shown in the above-described block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of the present application are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

[0118] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps, that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiment, or in a different order from the embodiment, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0119] The above reference is according to the method of the embodiment of the present application, the flow chart of the device (system) and the computer program product and / or the block diagram described various aspects of the present application.It should be understood that each square box in the flow chart and / or the block diagram and the combination of each square box in the flow chart and / or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions.These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine so that these instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device enable the realization of the function / action specified in one or more square boxes of the flow chart and / or the block diagram.Such a processor can be but is not limited to a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor or a field programmable logic circuit.It can also be understood that each square box in the block diagram and / or the flow chart and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or the flow chart can also be realized by the dedicated hardware that performs the specified function or action, or can be realized by the combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0120] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A massive MIMO passive random access method, characterized in that: include: Splitting an original message vector generated by a source into a first sub-vector and a second sub-vector, wherein a first length corresponding to the first sub-vector is smaller than a second length corresponding to the second sub-vector; According to a pre-constructed mapping function, mapping the first sub-vector to a corresponding target index; According to the target index, querying a pre-generated common pilot codebook for a pilot vector matching the target index, and querying a pre-generated common switch pattern codebook for a switch pattern matching the target index; Encoding the first sub-vector and the second sub-vector respectively to obtain a target codeword; Modulating the target codeword to obtain a modulation symbol sequence; Embedding the modulation symbol sequence into the switch pattern to obtain a switch symbol sequence; The pilot vector is superimposed on the switch symbol sequence to obtain a target transmission signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The mapping function is: where [J] = {1,...,J} and B s Indicates the first length.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The common pilot codebook is randomly generated according to Gaussian distribution, and the common pilot codebook is a complex matrix; The common switch mode codebook is a A regular binary random sparse matrix with n rows and columns, wherein the row weight in the common switch mode codebook is n d , column weight is n d J / n; The switch pattern is a row in a common switch pattern codebook, which is a binary sequence and is used to represent channel occupancy or channel idleness.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the modulation symbol sequence is n d .

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The encoding of the first sub-vector and the second sub-vector respectively to obtain a target codeword includes: Repeat the first subvector to obtain a first codeword; According to a target code rate, performing error correction coding on the second sub-vector by a channel encoder to obtain a second codeword; The first codeword and the second codeword are determined as target codewords.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The superimposing the pilot vector and the switch symbol sequence to obtain a target transmission signal includes: The target transmission signal is obtained according to the following formula: Among them, X k represents the target transmission signal, α represents the pilot power ratio, P represents the common pilot codebook, represents the pilot vector, v k Represents a sequence of switch symbols.

7. A massive MIMO passive random access device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A segmentation module, configured to segment an original message vector generated by a source into a first sub-vector and a second sub-vector, wherein a first length corresponding to the first sub-vector is smaller than a second length corresponding to the second sub-vector; A mapping module, configured to map the first sub-vector to a corresponding target index according to a pre-built mapping function; A query module, configured to query a pre-generated common pilot codebook for a pilot vector matching the target index according to the target index, and query a pre-generated common switch mode codebook for a switch mode matching the target index; An encoding module, used for encoding the first sub-vector and the second sub-vector respectively to obtain a target codeword; A modulation module, used for modulating the target codeword to obtain a modulation symbol sequence; An embedding module, used for embedding the modulation symbol sequence into the switch pattern to obtain a switch symbol sequence; The superposition module is used to superimpose the pilot vector and the switch symbol sequence to obtain a target transmission signal.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; when the processor calls the computer program instructions, the massive MIMO passive random access method as described in any one of claims 1-6 is implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are called by the processor, the massive MIMO passive random access method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that When the instructions in the computer program product are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device executes the massive MIMO passive random access method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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