A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a clearance adjustment method thereof

Abstract

A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a method for adjusting the clearance thereof relate to the technical field of rolling bearings. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the vibration problem caused by insufficient radial preload, which causes rolling element slippage, manufacturing accuracy, installation errors, external abnormal loads, and the like during the operation of the cylindrical roller bearing. The present invention quickly adjusts the bearing clearance by arranging a preload adjustment vibration damping body made of damping metal inside the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing, thereby improving the operating stability of the cylindrical roller bearing, especially the high-speed cylindrical roller. At the same time, the preload adjustment vibration damping body made of damping metal supports the rolling element at the core of the rolling element, does not affect the bearing load-bearing performance, and avoids contact between the preload adjustment vibration damping body and the raceway, thereby attenuating the vibration transmitted by the rolling element. The present invention can obtain a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a method for adjusting the clearance thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rolling bearings, and in particular to a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a clearance adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rolling bearings are a key component widely used in various rotating machinery. They primarily support shafts and their loads, allowing them to rotate and oscillate within them. Rolling bearings generally consist of an inner ring, an outer ring, rolling elements, and a cage. While rolling bearings offer advantages such as high rotational precision and low friction, they often experience abnormal vibration during operation due to manufacturing precision, installation errors, and abnormal external loads. Long-term abnormal vibration can lead to bearing failures, such as damage to the rolling elements and inner and outer rings. This failure not only reduces the life of the bearing itself but also affects the overall performance of the main engine. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the operating status of rolling bearings and design vibration reduction systems.

[0003] The design of rolling bearing vibration and noise reduction often focuses on the following aspects: material selection, structural design, and optimized installation and operating conditions. Among these, using steel or high-polymer materials for the outer or inner rings of bearings can leverage the polymer's stress-strain hysteresis effect to absorb vibration energy, thereby achieving vibration and noise reduction. Elliptical or specially shaped rolling elements can also reduce contact stress, avoid abnormal slippage, and thus reduce vibration. Properly arranging the position and number of rolling elements can also reduce unbalanced torque, thereby reducing vibration. Optimizing the cage design to increase its stiffness and reduce friction can also reduce vibration. Using new materials is often costly. While specially shaped rollers and other rolling elements can adjust their preload to reduce vibration caused by abnormal slippage, they often present complex designs, making them difficult to standardize and mass-produce. Cylindrical roller bearings, in particular, often lack the ability to set an adjustable preload like angular contact bearings. Instead, the design often requires a minimum radial load to prevent slippage between the rolling elements and the raceway. Especially for high-speed cylindrical stick bearings, the slipping of rolling elements at high speed will cause abnormal operation of components such as the cage. The rolling elements are prone to abnormal contact with the cage, causing abnormal vibration, which may cause serious damage.

[0004] Therefore, for cylindrical roller bearings, especially those with high rotational speeds, it is necessary to develop a preload method with a simple design and manufacturing process that can adjust the preload force for various operating conditions and shaft configurations to further improve their light-load operating stability. Additionally, damping metals offer good damping and vibration reduction, but the mechanical properties of common damping metals cannot meet the performance requirements of rolling element contact fatigue in rolling bearings. While the rational use of damping metals' vibration reduction properties to further reduce rolling bearing vibration holds significant research and application potential, few relevant reports have been published. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the vibration problem caused by rolling element slippage, manufacturing accuracy, installation errors, external abnormal loads, etc. during the operation of cylindrical roller bearings, and to provide a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a clearance adjustment method thereof.

[0006] A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance comprises a rolling bearing body 10 and a plurality of adjustable vibration-damping rolling elements 20;

[0007] The rolling bearing body 10 includes a bearing outer ring 11, a retainer 12 and a bearing inner ring 13, wherein the retainer 12 is arranged between the bearing outer ring 11 and the bearing inner ring 13;

[0008] The adjustable vibration-damping rolling element 20 is disposed in the retaining frame 12 and includes a hollow rolling element 21, an axial limit device 22, and a preload adjustment vibration-damping element 23; the preload adjustment vibration-damping element 23 is a cylindrical structure made of damping metal;

[0009] The hollow rolling body 21 is provided with an internally threaded blind hole in the axial direction, and the cylindrical side of the preload adjustment damper 23 is provided with an external thread, and the hollow rolling body 21 is threadedly connected to the preload adjustment damper 23; a groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow rolling body 21 near the outlet of the blind hole, and the distance between the groove and the bottom end of the blind hole in the hollow rolling body 21 is equal to the length of the preload adjustment damper 23;

[0010] The axial limiting device 22 is provided with an elastic positioning key, and the axial limiting device 22 is positioned and connected to the hollow rolling body 21 .

[0011] A method for adjusting the clearance of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance is performed in the following steps:

[0012] The preload adjustment vibration damper 23 is installed into the hollow rolling body 21 by threading the preload adjustment vibration damper 23 with the hollow rolling body 21, and then the axial limit device 22 is placed into the hollow rolling body 21, and the elastic positioning key of the axial limit device 22 is placed in the groove of the hollow rolling body 21 to complete the radial clearance adjustment of the vibration damping cylindrical roller bearing.

[0013] Principle of the present invention:

[0014] The present invention provides a threaded hole in the center of the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing, screws in a preload adjustment damper made of threaded damping metal, and limits the position via an axial limiter (retaining ring structure). When adjusting the clearance, only the preload adjustment damper with a different interference fit needs to be replaced, that is, without changing the main parts of the bearing, such as the outer ring, retainer, and inner ring, the bearing clearance can be quickly adjusted to adapt to working conditions such as hollow shafts and light loads, thereby improving the operating stability of the cylindrical roller bearing, especially high-speed cylindrical rollers. At the same time, the preload adjustment damper is made of damping metal and supports the rolling element at the core of the rolling element, thereby not affecting the bearing's load-bearing performance and avoiding contact between the preload adjustment damper and the raceway. It can attenuate vibrations transmitted through the rolling element during the operation of the bearing, such as vibrations caused by imbalance on the rotating shaft, bearing operation, gear meshing, etc.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] (1) The present invention achieves rapid adjustment of bearing clearance without changing the main components of the cylindrical roller bearing, such as the outer ring, retainer, and inner ring, by disposing a preload adjustment damper made of damping metal within the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing. This improves the operating stability of the cylindrical roller bearing, particularly high-speed cylindrical roller bearings. Simultaneously, the preload adjustment damper made of damping metal supports the rolling element at its core, without affecting the bearing's load-bearing performance. It also prevents contact between the preload adjustment damper and the raceway, thereby attenuating vibrations transmitted by the rolling element.

[0017] (2) The present invention has a simple design and a simple manufacturing process, which enables rapid adjustment of the clearance of the cylindrical roller bearing and can adjust the preload force according to various working conditions and shaft forms, further improving its light-load operation stability. On the premise of ensuring the performance of the rolling element contact fatigue strength, the damping metal is combined to further reduce the vibration of the cylindrical roller bearing, improve the running stability of the cylindrical roller bearing, and ultimately increase its service life.

[0018] The present invention can obtain a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a clearance adjustment method thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 10 is a main body of the rolling bearing and 20 is an adjustable vibration-damping rolling element;

[0020] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to the present invention is shown, wherein 11 represents an outer ring of the bearing, 12 represents a retaining frame, and 13 represents an inner ring of the bearing;

[0021] Figure 321 represents a hollow rolling element, 22 represents an axial limiting device, and 23 represents a preload adjustment damping element;

[0022] Figure 4 Graph showing the relationship between operating clearance and fatigue life of cylindrical roller bearings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Specific embodiment 1: This embodiment is a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance, comprising a rolling bearing body 10 and a plurality of adjustable vibration-damping rolling elements 20;

[0024] The rolling bearing body 10 includes a bearing outer ring 11, a retainer 12 and a bearing inner ring 13, wherein the retainer 12 is arranged between the bearing outer ring 11 and the bearing inner ring 13;

[0025] The adjustable vibration-damping rolling element 20 is disposed in the retaining frame 12 and includes a hollow rolling element 21, an axial limit device 22, and a preload adjustment vibration-damping element 23; the preload adjustment vibration-damping element 23 is a cylindrical structure made of damping metal;

[0026] The hollow rolling body 21 is provided with an internally threaded blind hole in the axial direction, and the cylindrical side of the preload adjustment damper 23 is provided with an external thread, and the hollow rolling body 21 is threadedly connected to the preload adjustment damper 23; a groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow rolling body 21 near the outlet of the blind hole, and the distance between the groove and the bottom end of the blind hole in the hollow rolling body 21 is equal to the length of the preload adjustment damper 23;

[0027] The axial limiting device 22 is provided with an elastic positioning key, and the axial limiting device 22 is positioned and connected to the hollow rolling body 21 .

[0028] Specific embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that the bearing outer ring 11 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel or high temperature bearing steel.

[0029] The other steps are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0030] Specific embodiment three: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one or two is that the bearing inner ring 13 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, high temperature bearing steel or stainless bearing steel.

[0031] The other steps are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.

[0032] Specific embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 1 to 3 is that the retainer 12 is made of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced nylon, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0033] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 3.

[0034] Specific embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 1 to 4 is that the hollow rolling body 21 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, high temperature bearing steel, ceramic material or high speed steel.

[0035] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 4.

[0036] Specific embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 5 in that the damping metal is a copper-based alloy, an iron-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a titanium-based alloy or a shape memory alloy.

[0037] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 5.

[0038] Specific embodiment seven: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments one to six is ​​that the hollow rolling body 21 and the preload adjustment damping body 23 have interference fits with different interference amounts.

[0039] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 6.

[0040] Specific embodiment 8: This embodiment provides a method for adjusting the clearance of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0041] The preload adjustment vibration damper 23 is installed into the hollow rolling body 21 by threading the preload adjustment vibration damper 23 with the hollow rolling body 21, and then the axial limit device 22 is placed into the hollow rolling body 21, and the elastic positioning key of the axial limit device 22 is placed in the groove of the hollow rolling body 21 to complete the radial clearance adjustment of the vibration damping cylindrical roller bearing.

[0042] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 8 in that the radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing is adjusted by selecting a pre-tightening adjustment method of the vibration-damping body 23 with a different interference amount with the hollow rolling body 21.

[0043] The other steps are the same as those in the eighth embodiment.

[0044] Specific embodiment ten: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment eight or nine in that the radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted only by disassembling the pre-tightening adjustment damping body 23 .

[0045] The other steps are the same as those in the eighth or ninth embodiment.

[0046] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0047] Example 1: Figure 1-3 As shown, a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance includes a rolling bearing body 10 and a plurality of adjustable vibration-damping rolling elements 20;

[0048] The rolling bearing body 10 includes a bearing outer ring 11, a retainer 12 and a bearing inner ring 13, wherein the retainer 12 is arranged between the bearing outer ring 11 and the bearing inner ring 13;

[0049] The adjustable vibration-damping rolling element 20 is disposed in the retaining frame 12 and includes a hollow rolling element 21, an axial limit device 22, and a preload adjustment vibration-damping element 23; the preload adjustment vibration-damping element 23 is a cylindrical structure made of damping metal;

[0050] The hollow rolling body 21 is provided with an internally threaded blind hole in the axial direction, and the cylindrical side of the preload adjustment damper 23 is provided with an external thread, and the hollow rolling body 21 is threadedly connected to the preload adjustment damper 23; a groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow rolling body 21 near the outlet of the blind hole, and the distance between the groove and the bottom end of the blind hole in the hollow rolling body 21 is equal to the length of the preload adjustment damper 23;

[0051] The axial limiting device 22 is provided with an elastic positioning key, and the axial limiting device 22 is positioned and connected to the hollow rolling body 21 .

[0052] The bearing outer ring 11 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel or high temperature bearing steel.

[0053] The bearing inner ring 13 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, high temperature bearing steel or stainless bearing steel.

[0054] The retainer 12 is made of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced nylon, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0055] The hollow rolling element 21 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, high temperature bearing steel, ceramic material or high speed steel.

[0056] The damping metal is a copper-based alloy, an iron-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a titanium-based alloy or a shape memory alloy.

[0057] The hollow rolling element 21 and the preload adjustment damping element 23 are in interference fit with different interference amounts.

[0058] The clearance adjustment method of the above-mentioned vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance is carried out according to the following steps:

[0059] The preload adjustment vibration damper 23 is installed into the hollow rolling body 21 by threading the preload adjustment vibration damper 23 with the hollow rolling body 21, and then the axial limit device 22 is placed into the hollow rolling body 21, and the elastic positioning key of the axial limit device 22 is placed in the groove of the hollow rolling body 21 to complete the radial clearance adjustment of the vibration damping cylindrical roller bearing.

[0060] By selecting a preload adjustment damping body 23 with a different interference fit from the hollow rolling body 21, the size of the radial clearance of the damping cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted. The size of the radial clearance of the damping cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted simply by disassembling the preload adjustment damping body 23.

[0061] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the adjustable vibration damping rolling element 20 is fine-tuned by adjusting the tightness of the pre-tightening adjustment of the vibration damping element 23 and the hollow rolling element 21. The size of the cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted to adjust the radial clearance of the entire set of cylindrical roller bearings, and ultimately the radial preload force can be adjusted for various working conditions and shaft types.

[0062] For the same set of rolling bearing main body 10 and hollow rolling element 21, the radial clearance of the bearing can be quickly adjusted by replacing the preload adjustment damper 23. Especially for large cylindrical roller bearings that have been installed, the radial clearance of the bearing can be quickly adjusted by replacing the preload adjustment damper 23 without disassembling the entire bearing, thereby changing the radial preload force.

[0063] The preload adjustment vibration damping body 23 is made of damping metal, and is integrated with the hollow rolling body 21 through a certain interference fit. It has a stronger load-bearing capacity than the hollow rolling body, and through the damping and vibration reduction effect of the damping metal, it can effectively reduce the vibration passing through the adjustable vibration damping rolling body 20, such as the vibration caused by imbalance on the rotating shaft, bearing operation, gear meshing, etc.

[0064] Figure 4 A graph showing the relationship between the working clearance and fatigue life of cylindrical roller bearings; Figure 4 As shown in the figure, when the working clearance of cylindrical roller bearings is between 0 and 60 μm, the fatigue life of the bearings tends to decrease; when the working clearance is slightly negative, the fatigue life of the bearings is the longest. However, if the negative clearance is too large (less than -10 μm), the fatigue life will be significantly shortened. Therefore, under normal circumstances, it is recommended to select a bearing internal clearance with a working clearance slightly greater than 0.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance, characterized in that The vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing comprises a rolling bearing body (10) and a plurality of adjustable vibration-damping rolling elements (20); The rolling bearing body (10) comprises a bearing outer ring (11), a retaining frame (12) and a bearing inner ring (13), wherein the retaining frame (12) is arranged between the bearing outer ring (11) and the bearing inner ring (13); The adjustable vibration-damping rolling element (20) is arranged in the retaining frame (12), and includes a hollow rolling element (21), an axial limiting device (22), and a preload-adjustable vibration-damping element (23); the preload-adjustable vibration-damping element (23) is a cylindrical structure and is made of damping metal; The hollow rolling body (21) is provided with an internal thread blind hole in the axial direction, the cylindrical side of the preload adjustment damping body (23) is provided with an external thread, and the hollow rolling body (21) and the preload adjustment damping body (23) are threadedly connected; the inner wall of the hollow rolling body (21) near the outlet of the blind hole is provided with a groove, and the distance between the groove and the bottom end of the blind hole in the hollow rolling body (21) is equal to the length of the preload adjustment damping body (23); The radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing is adjusted by selecting a preload adjustment damping body (23) having a different interference fit from the hollow rolling body (21), and the radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted by only disassembling the preload adjustment damping body (23); The axial limiting device (22) is provided with an elastic positioning key, and the axial limiting device (22) is positioned and connected to the hollow rolling body (21).

2. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The bearing outer ring (11) is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel or high temperature bearing steel.

3. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The bearing inner ring (13) is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, high temperature bearing steel or stainless bearing steel.

4. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The retainer (12) is made of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced nylon, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

5. The vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The hollow rolling body (21) is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, high temperature bearing steel, ceramic material or high speed steel.

6. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The damping metal is a copper-based alloy, an iron-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a titanium-based alloy or a shape memory alloy.

7. A method for adjusting the clearance of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The method proceeds as follows: The preload adjustment damping body (23) is installed into the hollow rolling body (21) by threading the preload adjustment damping body (23) and the hollow rolling body (21), and then the axial limit device (22) is placed into the hollow rolling body (21), and the elastic positioning key of the axial limit device (22) is placed in the groove of the hollow rolling body (21), thereby completing the radial clearance adjustment of the damping cylindrical roller bearing.

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