Method and device for testing dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and a device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials, and relates to the technical field of shear fracture experimental devices for brittle materials. The method comprises a unidirectional firing rod, an incident rod, a sample and a transmission rod. A bidirectional impact plate is fixedly connected to the end surface of the incident rod close to one side of the unidirectional firing rod. The middle sections of the incident rod and the transmission rod are both attached with strain gauges, and the strain gauges are connected to a waveform data acquisition device. A lifting and cleaning mechanism is also arranged above the position where the sample is located. The lifting and cleaning mechanism comprises a lifting block and cleaning turntables symmetrically installed on both sides of the lifting block. The present invention can realize pulling and impact experiments on the sample, so as to evaluate the sample more comprehensively, and can also autonomously perform cleaning and lubrication operations on the impact end surface after the experiment is completed. Compared with the existing manual cleaning operation, the cleaning effect is better, and the protection of the experimental device is more comprehensive, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of brittle material shear fracture test devices, in particular to a method and a device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials. Background Art

[0002] A method for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials and an implementation device thereof, which is disclosed in the prior art with the publication number of "CN104048883B", comprises the following steps: installing a cylindrical specimen containing a prefabricated annular crack on a Hopkins pressure bar dynamic test device, using an impact bullet to impact the incident bar to apply dynamic shear force to both ends of the cylindrical specimen containing a prefabricated crack between the incident bar and the transmission bar, and calculating the dynamic shear fracture toughness KIIC of the brittle material and the corresponding loading rate according to the formula proposed by the present invention based on the strain values ​​measured by the strain gauges on the incident bar and the transmission bar, the cross-sectional areas of the incident bar and the transmission bar, the elastic modulus of the pressure bar, and the confining pressure value of the specimen. The method of the present invention can be used to obtain the dynamic shear fracture toughness of quasi-brittle materials, thus filling the gap in this research field.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned device still has obvious defects during use: although the above-mentioned device realizes the experiment on brittle materials, it can only complete the impact experiment on the sample, the experimental method is relatively simple, and during the impact process, the residue of the brittle material will adhere to the impact end face, which needs to be manually cleaned later. If the cleaning is omitted, it will affect the flatness of the impact end face and cause corrosion to the impact end face, affecting the conduction and detection of the impact wave, thereby affecting the experimental results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials, comprising a unidirectional firing rod, an incident rod, a sample and a transmission rod, wherein the unidirectional firing rod, the incident rod, the sample and the transmission rod are arranged in a straight line, and the sample is placed on the end surface of the incident rod and the transmission rod on the opposite side;

[0007] A bidirectional impact plate is fixedly connected to the end surface of the incident rod near the one-way firing rod, the one-way firing rod is located in the middle of the bidirectional impact plate, the impact ball arranged in the one-way firing rod can perform an accelerated impact movement to the left or right, and the impact ball drives the incident rod to move closer to or away from the transmission rod during the process of impacting the bidirectional impact plate, and the middle sections of the incident rod and the transmission rod are both attached with strain gauges, and the strain gauges are connected to the waveform data acquisition device;

[0008] A lifting and cleaning mechanism is also provided above the position where the sample is located, and the lifting and cleaning mechanism includes a lifting block and cleaning turntables symmetrically installed on both sides of the lifting block. The cleaning turntables abut against the end faces on the opposite side of the incident rod and the transmission rod during the lifting movement. A lubricating oil pump outlet hole is also provided on the cleaning turntable, and the lubricating oil pump outlet hole is connected to the liquid storage tank built into the lifting block through a pipeline. The cleaning turntable synchronously rotates during the lifting movement to clean the end faces of the incident rod and the transmission rod and apply lubricating oil.

[0009] Preferably, the one-way firing rod adopts compressed air firing or electromagnetic acceleration firing.

[0010] Preferably, the one-way firing rod adopts a compressed air firing method, and a steering seat is installed at the bottom of the one-way firing rod. The firing direction of the one-way firing rod is adjusted by rotating the steering seat. The one-way firing rod is connected to a helium compressed gas cylinder through a pipeline, and the gas in the helium compressed gas cylinder is released to provide firing power for the impact ball.

[0011] Preferably, a reset adjustment ring is fixedly mounted on the incident rod, and a pair of electric push rods are fixedly mounted on both sides of the reset adjustment ring through a push rod frame. The push rod frame is fixedly mounted on the ground and does not change with the movement of the incident rod. The initial position of the incident rod is adjusted by the telescopic ends of the electric push rods on both sides resting against the reset adjustment ring.

[0012] Preferably, a buffer sleeve is installed at one end of the transmission rod away from the incident rod, and the other end of the buffer sleeve is fixedly connected to the buffer device.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting block is installed in a lifting manner on a positioning seat, the positioning seat is fixedly arranged, and an electric hydraulic telescopic rod is also installed between the positioning seat and the lifting block, and the lifting block is driven to be lifted and lowered synchronously through the lifting and lowering movement of the electric hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0014] Preferably, a pair of driving racks are fixedly mounted on the positioning seat, and the pair of driving racks are respectively meshed with a first driving gear and a second driving gear arranged on the lifting block, and the first driving gear is also coaxially fixedly arranged with the eccentric wheel, and an eccentric connecting rod is movably mounted on the eccentric wheel, and one end of the eccentric connecting rod away from the eccentric wheel is hinged on the lifting piston, and the lifting piston is lifted and arranged in a one-way pump cylinder, and the one-way pump cylinder is connected to a liquid storage tank, and the bottom of the liquid storage tank is connected to an oil supply sleeve through a pipeline, and the oil supply sleeve is movable. It is arranged on the rotating shaft of a pair of cleaning turntables, and an oil supply hole connected to the lubricating oil pump outlet hole is opened on the rotating shaft. The air is pumped into the liquid storage tank in one direction through the rotation of the first driving gear. The air pressure in the liquid storage tank increases, so that the lubricating liquid stored inside is finally pumped out from the lubricating oil pump outlet hole through the oil supply sleeve and smeared on the end surfaces of the incident rod and the transmission rod. The second driving gear is meshed with the rotating shaft through the transition gear. The rotating shaft is provided with a tooth groove meshed with the transition gear. The rotation of the second driving gear provides power for the rotation of the cleaning turntable.

[0015] Preferably, a waste receiving tray is also provided below the lifting and cleaning mechanism.

[0016] Preferably, a photoelectric emitting ring is further provided on the rod body of the incident rod close to the transmission rod, and the photoelectric emitting ring cooperates with the photoelectric sleeves provided on both sides thereof, and the photoelectric sleeves on the left and right sides are fixedly installed above the ground, and the photoelectric emitting ring is located at the midline position of the photoelectric sleeves on the left and right sides. When the incident rod is displaced to the left or right and the photoelectric emitting ring cooperates with the photoelectric sleeve, the photoelectric emitting ring sends a working instruction to the lifting and cleaning mechanism, thereby causing it to perform a lifting and lowering movement.

[0017] A method for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of a brittle material, using the above-mentioned device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of a brittle material, comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: The incident rod is driven by an electric push rod to move to an initial position, and the sample is clamped and set on one side where the incident rod and the transmission rod are relatively close to each other;

[0019] Step 2: Adjust the firing direction of the one-way firing rod, and fire the impact ball in the firing direction through the one-way firing rod;

[0020] Step 3: The impact ball hits the two-way impact plate at a set speed, and drives the incident rod to move through the two-way impact plate;

[0021] Step 4: Detect the data of the strain gauges on the incident rod and the transmission rod, and analyze them through the waveform data acquisition device;

[0022] Step 5: After the test is completed, the end faces of the incident rod and the transmission rod that clamp the sample are cleaned through the lifting and cleaning mechanism, and wait for the next experiment.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention can realize the pulling and impact tests on the sample, so as to evaluate the sample more comprehensively, and can also autonomously perform cleaning and lubrication operations on the impact end face after the experiment is completed. Compared with the existing manual cleaning operation, the cleaning effect is better, and the protection of the test device is more comprehensive, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the lifting and cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a side view structural diagram of the lifting and cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the driving rack and its connection structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the oil supply sleeve and its connection structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the electric push rod installation of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1 one-way firing rod, 2 incident rod, 3 sample, 4 transmission rod, 5 two-way impact plate, 6 impact ball, 7 lifting block, 8 cleaning turntable, 9 lubricating oil pump outlet, 10 liquid storage tank, 11 steering seat, 12 reset adjustment ring, 13 electric push rod, 14 buffer sleeve, 15 buffer device, 16 positioning seat, 17 electric hydraulic telescopic rod, 18 driving rack, 19 first driving gear, 20 second driving gear, 21 eccentric wheel, 22 eccentric connecting rod, 23 lifting piston, 24 one-way pump cylinder, 25 oil supply sleeve, 26 rotating shaft, 27 oil supply hole, 28 transition gear, 29 waste receiving tray, 30 photoelectric transmitting ring, 31 photoelectric sleeve, 32 push rod frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] A device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials, comprising a unidirectional firing rod 1, an incident rod 2, a sample 3 and a transmission rod 4, wherein the unidirectional firing rod 1, the incident rod 2, the sample 3 and the transmission rod 4 are arranged in a straight line, and the sample 3 is placed on the end surface of the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4 on the opposite side;

[0036] A bidirectional impact plate 5 is also fixedly connected to the end surface of the incident rod 2 on the side close to the one-way firing rod 1. The one-way firing rod 1 is located in the middle of the bidirectional impact plate 5. The impact ball 6 arranged in the one-way firing rod 1 can perform an accelerated impact movement to the left or right. The impact ball 6 drives the incident rod 2 to move closer to or away from the transmission rod 4 during the process of impacting the two-way impact plate 5. The middle sections of the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4 are both attached with strain gauges, which are connected to the waveform data acquisition device;

[0037] A lifting and cleaning mechanism is also provided above the position where the sample 3 is located. The lifting and cleaning mechanism includes a lifting block 7 and a cleaning turntable 8 symmetrically installed on both sides of the lifting block 7. The cleaning turntable 8 rests on the end faces of the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4 on the opposite side during the lifting movement. A lubricating oil pump outlet hole 9 is also provided on the cleaning turntable 8. The lubricating oil pump outlet hole 9 is connected to the liquid storage tank 10 built into the lifting block 7 through a pipeline. The cleaning turntable 8 rotates synchronously during the lifting movement to clean the end faces of the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4 and apply lubricating oil.

[0038] In this embodiment, the one-way firing rod 1, the incident rod 2, the sample 3 and the transmission rod 4 are all technical solutions that have been disclosed and are relatively mature in the prior art. Their arrangement and the installation of the sample 3 all adopt the existing solutions. A buffer sleeve 14 is also installed at the end of the transmission rod 4 away from the incident rod 2. The other end of the buffer sleeve 14 is fixedly connected to the buffer device 15, and the transmission rod 4 is buffered by the buffer device 15. Different from the prior art, the incident rod 2 in this embodiment is also installed with a two-way impact plate 5 on the side close to the one-way firing rod 1. The impact ball 6 arranged in the one-way firing rod 1 can accelerate the impact movement to the left or right, thereby driving the incident rod 2 to perform extrusion or stretching movement in the process of impacting the two-way impact plate 5, and the sample 3 is squeezed or pulled by the incident rod 2. Compared with the existing single firing method, this experimental method has more diverse evaluations on the sample 3. In addition, this embodiment further discloses a lifting and cleaning mechanism for cleaning the collision end face. The lifting and cleaning structure is composed of a lifting block 7 and a cleaning turntable 8 symmetrically installed on both sides of the lifting block 7. The lifting block 7 rests on the impact end faces of the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4 during the lifting process, thereby scraping off the crushed sample 3 that is more firmly combined with the impact end face. A waste receiving tray 29 is also provided below the lifting and cleaning mechanism. The waste receiving tray 29 receives the waste, and then the cleaning turntable 8 further scrapes the impact end face through rotation and applies lubricating oil. The applied lubricating oil can prevent oxidation of the impact end face on the one hand, and keep the impact end face lubricated and smooth on the other hand. The cleaning turntable 8 continues to rest on the impact end face when the device is idle, further protecting the position. The setting of the lifting and cleaning mechanism reduces the burden on the experimenters on the one hand, and can avoid damage and corrosion of the impact end face caused by human forgetting to clean through mechanical settings, effectively ensuring the stability and accuracy of subsequent detection of the experimental device.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] The one-way firing rod 1 is fired by compressed air or electromagnetic acceleration.

[0041] The one-way firing rod 1 adopts a compressed air firing method. A steering seat 11 is installed at the bottom of the one-way firing rod 1. The firing direction of the one-way firing rod 1 is adjusted by rotating the steering seat 11. The one-way firing rod 1 is connected to a helium compressed gas cylinder through a pipeline, and the gas in the helium compressed gas cylinder is released to provide firing power for the impact ball 6.

[0042] In this embodiment, a firing method using compressed air is further disclosed, and the firing direction of the one-way firing rod 1 is adjusted by rotating the steering seat 11. The one-way firing rod 1 is connected to a helium compressed gas cylinder through a pipeline, and the gas in the helium compressed gas cylinder is released to provide firing power for the impact ball 6, thereby completing a two-way firing operation.

[0043] Embodiment three:

[0044] A reset adjustment ring 12 is also fixedly installed on the incident rod 2, and a pair of electric push rods 13 are fixedly installed on both sides of the reset adjustment ring 12 through a push rod frame 32. The push rod frame 32 is fixedly installed on the ground and does not change with the movement of the incident rod 2. The initial position of the incident rod 2 is adjusted by the telescopic ends of the electric push rods 13 on both sides resting on the reset adjustment ring 12.

[0045] In this embodiment, the position of the incident rod 2 can be adjusted by pushing the electric push rod 13, so that it is in an initial state where it can stably clamp the sample 3. At the same time, in the pulling test of the incident rod 2, the sample 3 needs to be glued and fixed to the impact end faces on both sides by an adhesive.

[0046] Embodiment 4:

[0047] The lifting block 7 is installed on the positioning seat 16 in a lifting manner. The positioning seat 16 is fixedly arranged. An electric hydraulic telescopic rod 17 is also installed between the positioning seat 16 and the lifting block 7. The lifting movement of the electric hydraulic telescopic rod 17 drives the lifting block 7 to be lifted synchronously.

[0048] A pair of drive racks 18 are also fixedly mounted on the positioning seat 16, and the pair of drive racks 18 are respectively meshed with the first driving gear 19 and the second driving gear 20 provided on the lifting block 7. The first driving gear 19 is also coaxially fixedly arranged with the eccentric wheel 21. An eccentric connecting rod 22 is movably mounted on the eccentric wheel 21. The eccentric connecting rod 22 is hinged on the lifting piston 23 at one end away from the eccentric wheel 21. The lifting piston 23 is lifted and arranged in a one-way pump cylinder 24. The one-way pump cylinder 24 is connected to the liquid storage tank 10. The bottom of the liquid storage tank 10 is connected to the oil supply sleeve 25 through a pipeline. The oil supply sleeve 25 is movably sleeved on a pair of clear On the rotating shaft 26 of the cleaning turntable 8, an oil supply hole 27 connected to the lubricating oil pump outlet hole 9 is opened on the rotating shaft 26. The air is pumped into the liquid storage tank 10 in one direction through the rotation of the first driving gear 19. The air pressure in the liquid storage tank 10 increases, so that the lubricating liquid stored inside is finally pumped out from the lubricating oil pump outlet hole 9 through the oil supply sleeve 25 and smeared on the end surfaces of the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4. The second driving gear 20 is meshed with the rotating shaft 26 through the transition gear 28. The rotating shaft 26 is provided with a tooth groove meshing with the transition gear 28. The rotation of the second driving gear 20 provides power for the rotation of the cleaning turntable 8.

[0049] In this embodiment, a connection method of the lifting block 7 is further disclosed, wherein the positioning seat 16 is fixedly installed by a support frame arranged on the ground, and the lifting block 7 performs a lifting movement synchronously during the extension and retraction process of the electric hydraulic telescopic rod 17. During the lifting movement, a pair of driving racks 18 arranged on the positioning seat 16 push the first driving gear 19 and the second driving gear 20 to rotate, wherein the rotation of the first driving gear 19 drives the eccentric wheel 21 to rotate, and the rotation of the eccentric wheel 21 pushes the lifting piston 23 to reciprocate, and the reciprocating movement of the lifting piston 23 pumps gas into the liquid storage tank 10 in one direction, and its structure is similar to the common air pump structure in life, and the pumping operation is completed through the built-in one-way vent valve, and the air pressure in the liquid storage tank 10 increases, so that the lubricating fluid stored inside is finally pumped out from the lubricating oil pump outlet 9 through the oil supply sleeve 25, and the details are referred to the attached manual. Figure 5 At the same time, the second driving gear 20 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 26 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 26 rotates to provide power for the rotation of the cleaning turntable 8. Through the arrangement of the above structure, the rotation of the cleaning turntable 8 and the pumping of lubricating oil can be achieved without using corresponding electrical appliances.

[0050] Embodiment five:

[0051] A photoelectric emitting ring 30 is also provided on the rod body of the incident rod 2 on the side close to the transmission rod 4. The photoelectric emitting ring 30 cooperates with the photoelectric sleeves 31 provided on both sides thereof. The photoelectric sleeves 31 on the left and right sides are fixedly installed above the ground. The photoelectric emitting ring is located at the midline position of the photoelectric sleeves on the left and right sides. When the incident rod 2 is displaced to the left or right and the photoelectric emitting ring 30 cooperates with the photoelectric sleeves 31, the photoelectric emitting ring 30 sends a working instruction to the lifting and cleaning mechanism, thereby causing it to perform a lifting and lowering movement.

[0052] In this embodiment, a working detection mechanism of the lifting and cleaning mechanism is further disclosed. Photoelectric detection is performed through the cooperation of the photoelectric emitting ring 30 and the photoelectric sleeve 31. When the photoelectric emitting ring 30 cooperates with the photoelectric sleeve 31, it is prompted that the left and right displacement of the incident rod 2 has reached a threshold value, and at this time it is prompted that the sample 3 has been damaged. Through this detection, the cleaning operation of the lifting and cleaning mechanism can be performed autonomously in time. At the same time, it is also necessary to set the working instructions of the lifting and cleaning mechanism before the equipment is shut down to ensure that the final cleaning operation is completed before the equipment is shut down. The specific operation is as follows: the photoelectric sleeve 31 is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the photoelectric emitting ring 30. When the incident rod 2 is displaced to the left or right and drives the photoelectric emitting ring 30 to move to the left or right, when the laser beam emitted by the photoelectric emitting ring 30 is captured by the photoelectric sleeve 31 on the left or right side, it is prompted that the moving distance of the incident rod 2 has reached the cleaning threshold.

[0053] A method for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of a brittle material, using the above-mentioned device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of a brittle material, comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: The incident rod 2 is driven by the electric push rod 13 to move to the initial position, and the sample 3 is clamped and set on one side where the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4 are relatively close to each other;

[0055] Step 2: adjusting the firing direction of the one-way firing rod 1, and firing the impact ball 6 in the firing direction through the one-way firing rod 1;

[0056] Step 3: The impact ball 6 impacts the two-way impact plate 5 at a set speed, and drives the incident rod 2 to move through the two-way impact plate 5;

[0057] Step 4: Detect the data of the strain gauges on the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4, and analyze them through the waveform data acquisition device;

[0058] Step 5: After the test is completed, the end surface of the incident rod 2 and the transmission rod 4 clamping the sample 3 is cleaned by the lifting and cleaning mechanism, and wait for the next experiment.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials, comprising a one-way firing rod, an incident rod, a sample and a transmission rod, wherein the one-way firing rod, the incident rod, the sample and the transmission rod are arranged in a straight line, and the sample is placed on the end surface of the incident rod and the transmission rod on the opposite side, characterized in that: A bidirectional impact plate is fixedly connected to the end surface of the incident rod near the one-way firing rod, the one-way firing rod is located in the middle of the bidirectional impact plate, the firing direction of the one-way firing rod can be adjusted so that the impact ball arranged therein can perform an accelerated impact movement to the left or right, and the impact ball drives the incident rod to move closer to or away from the transmission rod during the process of impacting the bidirectional impact plate, and the middle sections of the incident rod and the transmission rod are both attached with strain gauges, and the strain gauges are connected to the waveform data acquisition device; A lifting and cleaning mechanism is also provided above the position where the sample is located, and the lifting and cleaning mechanism includes a lifting block and cleaning turntables symmetrically installed on both sides of the lifting block. The cleaning turntables abut against the end faces on the opposite side of the incident rod and the transmission rod during the lifting movement. A lubricating oil pump outlet hole is also provided on the cleaning turntable, and the lubricating oil pump outlet hole is connected to the liquid storage tank built into the lifting block through a pipeline. The cleaning turntable synchronously rotates during the lifting movement to clean the end faces of the incident rod and the transmission rod and apply lubricating oil.

2. A device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way firing rod adopts compressed air firing or electromagnetic acceleration firing mode.

3. A device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way firing rod adopts a compressed air firing method. A steering seat is installed at the bottom of the one-way firing rod. The firing direction of the one-way firing rod is adjusted by rotating the steering seat. The one-way firing rod is connected to a helium compressed gas cylinder through a pipeline, and the gas in the helium compressed gas cylinder is released to provide firing power for the impact ball.

4. A device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: A reset adjustment ring is also fixedly installed on the incident rod, and a pair of electric push rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the reset adjustment ring through a push rod frame. The push rod frame is fixedly installed on the ground and does not change with the movement of the incident rod. The telescopic ends of the electric push rods on both sides are pressed against the reset adjustment ring to adjust the initial position of the incident rod.

5. The device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A buffer sleeve is also installed on one end of the transmission rod away from the incident rod, and the other end of the buffer sleeve is fixedly connected to the buffer device.

6. The device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting block is installed on the positioning seat in a lifting manner, and the positioning seat is fixedly arranged. An electric hydraulic telescopic rod is also installed between the positioning seat and the lifting block. The lifting block is driven to be lifted and lowered synchronously through the lifting movement of the electric hydraulic telescopic rod.

7. A device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pair of driving racks are also fixedly installed on the positioning seat, and the pair of driving racks are respectively meshed with the first driving gear and the second driving gear arranged on the lifting block, and the first driving gear is also coaxially fixedly arranged with the eccentric wheel, and an eccentric connecting rod is movably installed on the eccentric wheel, and the end of the eccentric connecting rod away from the eccentric wheel is hinged on the lifting piston, and the lifting piston is lifted and set in the one-way pump cylinder, and the one-way pump cylinder is connected with the liquid storage tank, and the bottom of the liquid storage tank is connected with the oil supply sleeve through a pipeline, and the oil supply sleeve is movably set on On the rotating shaft of a pair of cleaning turntables, an oil supply hole connected to the lubricating oil pump outlet hole is opened on the rotating shaft, and air is pumped into the liquid storage tank in one direction through the rotation of the first driving gear. The air pressure in the liquid storage tank increases, so that the lubricating liquid stored inside is finally pumped out from the lubricating oil pump outlet hole through the oil supply sleeve and smeared on the end surfaces of the incident rod and the transmission rod. The second driving gear is meshed with the rotating shaft through the transition gear, and a tooth groove meshed with the transition gear is opened on the rotating shaft. The rotation of the second driving gear provides power for the rotation of the cleaning turntable.

8. The device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: A waste receiving tray is also arranged below the lifting and cleaning mechanism.

9. The device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of brittle materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: A photoelectric emitting ring is also provided on the rod body of the incident rod close to the transmission rod. The photoelectric emitting ring cooperates with the photoelectric sleeves provided on both sides thereof. The photoelectric sleeves on the left and right sides are fixedly installed above the ground. The photoelectric emitting ring is located at the midline position of the photoelectric sleeves on the left and right sides. When the incident rod is displaced to the left or right and the photoelectric emitting ring cooperates with the photoelectric sleeve, the photoelectric emitting ring sends a working instruction to the lifting and cleaning mechanism, thereby causing it to perform lifting and lowering movements.

10. A method for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of a brittle material, using the device for testing the dynamic shear fracture toughness of a brittle material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The incident rod is driven by an electric push rod to move to an initial position, and the sample is clamped and set on one side where the incident rod and the transmission rod are relatively close to each other; Step 2: Adjust the firing direction of the one-way firing rod, and fire the impact ball in the firing direction through the one-way firing rod; Step 3: The impact ball hits the two-way impact plate at a set speed, and drives the incident rod to move through the two-way impact plate; Step 4: Detect the data of the strain gauges on the incident rod and the transmission rod, and analyze them through the waveform data acquisition device; Step 5: After the test is completed, the end faces of the incident rod and the transmission rod that clamp the sample are cleaned through the lifting and cleaning mechanism, and wait for the next experiment.

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