A simulation device for the generation and development of black soil erosion gullies

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation device for the generation and development of black soil erosion gullies, and the invention relates to the field of experimental simulation technology. The simulation device for the generation and development of black soil erosion gullies comprises a storage tank, a black soil simulation mechanism, and a protective mechanism. The black soil simulation mechanism comprises a support leg and a support plate. A retaining frame is fixedly installed at the edge of the top of the support plate. A support spring is fixedly installed between the bottom of the support plate and the inner side surface of the storage tank. A sliding sleeve is fixedly installed at the edge of the outer side of the support plate and at one end away from the support leg. A guide rod is slidably installed at the center of the sliding sleeve. The protective mechanism comprises a cylinder and a bending plate. The cylinder is installed at the top of the frame. The bending plate is hingedly installed at the telescopic end of the cylinder. A tip main rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bending plate. A bending auxiliary rod is fixedly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the tip main rod and near the bottom position, so as to achieve the purpose of erosion in various situations, can erode in various situations, realize integration, and facilitate observation and analysis of erosion gullies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of experimental simulation, in particular to a device for simulating the generation and development of black soil erosion gullies. Background Art

[0002] Black soil erosion gullies refer to a type of gully landform formed by soil erosion in black soil distribution areas. It is usually in the form of a long strip of depression on the surface of the ground with a certain depth and width. The depth can range from tens of centimeters to several meters, and the width may also gradually develop from a very narrow ditch to a large gully several meters wide. The ditch walls are generally steep, and under the long-term action of erosion factors such as water flow, the ditch walls may collapse. There are often black soil deposits washed down by water at the bottom of the ditch. The particle sizes and shapes of these deposits vary, and they are the result of the deposition of soil particles under the action of gravity and water flow. After the black soil is eroded, it is very harmful. It will lead to a decrease in soil fertility, land fragmentation, ecosystem destruction, and water pollution.

[0003] At present, when conducting simulation experiments on the formation of black soil erosion gullies, only single-situation erosion simulation experiments can be carried out, which is inconvenient to conduct experiments in different situations, thus affecting the overall simulation experiment effect and being unfavorable for the observation and analysis of the formation of black soil erosion gullies. Summary of the invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device comprises a storage tank, a sewage pipe is installed at the side of the bottom of the storage tank, and a frame is fixedly installed at the side of the top of the storage tank;

[0006] A black soil simulation mechanism, which is used to load soil and simulate black soil, and is installed on the top of the storage tank and close to the frame;

[0007] The black soil simulation mechanism comprises a support leg and a support plate, wherein the support leg is installed on the top of the material storage trough and close to the position of the frame, the side of the outer side of the support plate is hinged between the top of the support leg, a containment frame is fixedly installed at the edge of the top of the support plate, a supporting spring is fixedly installed between the bottom of the support plate and the inner side surface of the material storage trough, a sliding sleeve is fixedly installed at the edge of the outer side of the support plate and at one end away from the supporting leg, a guide rod is slidably installed at the center of the inner side of the sliding sleeve, the bottom end of the guide rod is fixedly installed at the middle of the inner side surface of the material storage trough, a return spring is fixedly installed between the bottom end of the guide rod and the bottom of the sliding sleeve, soil is placed on the top of the support plate, and under the division of the partition plate, the interior of the first cavity and the interior of the second cavity are filled with soil, thereby forming an experimental model of black soil, which is helpful for subsequent comparison of changes in the soil in the first cavity and the second cavity affected by water erosion, and in the absence of protection, the experimental simulation of the development of erosion gullies in the soil in the first cavity and the second cavity is compared;

[0008] A protection mechanism, which is used to protect the black soil on the top of the support plate, and the protection mechanism is installed in the middle of the frame;

[0009] Wherein, the protective mechanism includes a cylinder and a bending plate, the cylinder is installed on the top of the frame, the bending plate is hingedly installed on the telescopic end of the cylinder, a tip main rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bending plate, a bending sub-rod is fixedly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the tip main rod and near the bottom, the bending plate is installed just above the first cavity, the cylinder is turned on to work, and the extension of the telescopic end of the cylinder can drive the bending plate to move downward, so that the tip main rod and the bending sub-rod are driven by the bending plate to move downward together, so that the bottom end of the tip main rod and the bottom end of the bending sub-rod can be inserted into the soil in the inner cavity of the first cavity, the tip main rod and the bending sub-rod form a tree root shape in the soil, which can protect the soil in the inner cavity of the first cavity and is not easily affected by the impact and erosion of running water, while the soil in the second cavity is not protected and is easily affected by running water, which is convenient for comparative observation of the soil in the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0010] Preferably, a partition plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the enclosure frame and close to the top of the support plate, and the partition plate divides the inner cavity of the enclosure frame into a first cavity and a second cavity. The space of the first cavity is equal to the space of the second cavity, which is convenient for storing black soil of the same weight.

[0011] Preferably, there are two supporting legs, and the two supporting legs are symmetrically installed along the support plate. The guide rod is arc-shaped, and the center of the guide rod coincides with the hinge point on the outside of the support plate. The guide rod passes through the center of the reset spring, and the reset spring is not easy to bend after being compressed.

[0012] Preferably, there are two cylinders, and the two cylinders are symmetrically installed along the central axis in the middle of the bending plate, and the bending plate is installed just above the supporting plate.

[0013] As the telescopic end of the cylinder continues to extend, the bending plate is subjected to downward pressing pressure, and the pressing pressure is applied to the support plate through the tip main rod. Under the support of the supporting legs, the support plate is rotated clockwise to adjust the angle, so that the support plate is tilted, and the supporting spring and the return spring are compressed. As the telescopic end of the cylinder extends, the pressing pressure on the support plate becomes greater, and the tilt angle of the support plate becomes greater. The effects of different tilt angles on black soil erosion can be compared, and the interaction between the structures can be fully utilized to facilitate the experimental simulation of the formation and development of black soil erosion gullies under various factors.

[0014] Preferably, the tip main rod is evenly installed at the bottom of the support plate, and the tip of the tip main rod faces downward. As the telescopic end of the cylinder contracts, the bending plate can be driven to move upward, so that the bottom end of the tip main rod and the bottom end of the bending sub-rod move out of the first cavity, so that the pressing force on the support plate can disappear, and under the action of the elastic force of the supporting spring and the elastic force of the reset spring, the support plate rotates counterclockwise for automatic reset, which is helpful for subsequent experimental simulations.

[0015] When the support plate is rotated to adjust the angle, a guide rod is passed through the center of the sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is slid on the guide rod, so that the support plate is guided, so that the structure can run smoothly when the support plate is rotated to adjust the angle.

[0016] Preferably, a water flow impact mechanism is installed inside the material storage tank and near the bottom, and the water flow impact mechanism includes a pump body and a rectangular frame, the pump body is installed at the side of the outer side of the material storage tank, the rectangular frame is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the material storage tank, the rectangular frame is installed just below the support plate, the liquid inlet end of the pump body extends to the inside of the material storage tank, a filter screen is installed in the middle of the rectangular frame, a strip-shaped protrusion is fixedly installed in the middle of the filter screen, a conical bucket is installed between the liquid inlet end of the pump body and the outer side of the filter screen, and the A right-angle pipe is installed at the liquid outlet end of the pump body, and a nozzle is connected to the top of the right-angle pipe near the support plate. An auxiliary component is installed inside the conical bucket. The suction force of the pump body is used to suck out part of the water in the storage tank, and under the transportation of the right-angle pipe, it is flushed from the nozzle to the soil on the top of the support plate, so that a black soil erosion simulation experiment can be carried out. As the water flows downward, it will flow to the inner cavity of the storage tank again and close to the filter screen, and the filter screen can be used to filter the silt, so that the water and silt can be recycled and resources can be saved.

[0017] Preferably, the position of the strip-shaped protrusion corresponds to the position of the conical bucket, and the strip-shaped protrusion is evenly installed in the middle of the filter screen.

[0018] Preferably, the nozzle is installed directly above the support plate, and the nozzle is installed at an angle.

[0019] Preferably, the auxiliary component comprises a V-shaped frame, the two ends of the outer side of the V-shaped frame are fixedly installed at the conical surface inside the conical bucket, a connecting shaft is rotatably installed between the middle of the V-shaped frame and the middle of the filter screen, an impeller blade is fixedly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting shaft and close to the V-shaped frame, a circular connecting piece is fixedly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting shaft and close to the strip-shaped protrusion, and an elastic rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the circular connecting piece and close to the strip-shaped protrusion. Under the guidance of the conical bucket, the water intake of the pump body when absorbing water can be increased, and under the impact of the fluid, the impeller blade is impacted by the fluid. The circular connecting piece is supported by the rotation of the connecting shaft, so that the circular connecting piece is driven to rotate, and the elastic rod can be rotated together with it. The elastic rod is in contact with the strip-shaped protrusion, so that the elastic rod is elastically deformed after being squeezed. The circular connecting piece drives the elastic rod to rotate continuously, so that the elastic rod is separated from the strip-shaped protrusion, and the squeezing force on the elastic rod disappears. Under the elastic force of the elastic rod itself, the elastic rod exerts a temporary elastic impact force on the filter screen, and the filter screen will vibrate, thereby making the mud and sand adhering to the surface of the filter screen fall off, and clogging is not easy to occur, which is conducive to liquid flow and smooth water supply.

[0020] Preferably, the impeller blades are installed at an angle and are evenly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting shaft and close to the V-shaped frame. The elastic rod is arc-shaped. There are two elastic rods, and the two elastic rods are installed symmetrically along the axis center in the middle of the connecting shaft.

[0021] The present invention provides a black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The black soil erosion gully formation and development experimental simulation equipment places soil on the top of the support plate, and under the division of the partition plate, the interior of the first cavity and the interior of the second cavity are filled with soil, thereby forming an experimental model of black soil, which is helpful for subsequent comparison of the changes in the soil in the first cavity and the second cavity caused by water erosion, and compares the experimental simulation of the formation and development of erosion gullies in the soil in the first cavity and the second cavity without protection.

[0023] 2. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation equipment utilizes the extension of the telescopic end of the cylinder to drive the bending plate to move downward, so that the tip main rod and the bending auxiliary rod are driven by the bending plate to move downward together, and the bottom ends of the tip main rod and the bending auxiliary rod can be inserted into the soil in the inner cavity of the first cavity. The tip main rod and the bending auxiliary rod form a tree root shape in the soil, which can protect the soil in the inner cavity of the first cavity and is not easily eroded by the impact of running water. The soil in the second cavity has no protection and is easily eroded by running water, which is convenient for comparative observation of the soil in the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0024] 3. The experimental simulation equipment for the formation and development of black soil erosion gullies, as the telescopic end of the cylinder continues to extend, the bending plate is subjected to downward pressing pressure, and the pressing pressure is applied to the support plate through the tip main rod, and under the support of the supporting legs, the support plate is rotated clockwise to adjust the angle, so that the support plate can be tilted, and the supporting spring and the return spring are compressed. As the telescopic end of the cylinder extends, the greater the pressing pressure on the support plate, the greater the tilt angle of the support plate can be, so the effects of different tilt angles on black soil erosion can be compared, and the interaction between the structures can be fully utilized to facilitate the observation of experimental simulations of the formation and development of black soil erosion gullies under various factors.

[0025] 4. The black soil erosion gully formation and development experimental simulation equipment can drive the bending plate to move upward as the telescopic end of the cylinder contracts, so that the bottom end of the tip main rod and the bottom end of the bending auxiliary rod move out of the first cavity, so that the pressing force on the support plate disappears, and under the action of the elastic force of the supporting spring and the elastic force of the reset spring, the support plate rotates counterclockwise for automatic reset, which is helpful for subsequent experimental simulations.

[0026] 5. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation equipment uses a guide rod to pass through the center of the sliding sleeve when the support plate is rotated to adjust the angle, and the sliding sleeve is used to slide on the guide rod, so that the support plate is guided, so that the structure can run smoothly when the support plate is rotated to adjust the angle.

[0027] 6. The black soil erosion gully formation and development experimental simulation equipment uses the suction of the pump body to suck out part of the water in the storage tank, and under the transportation of the right-angle pipe, it flushes from the nozzle to the soil on the top of the support plate, so as to carry out a black soil erosion simulation experiment. As the water flows downward, it will flow to the inner cavity of the storage tank again and close to the filter net, and the filter net can be used to filter the sediment, so as to recycle the water and sediment and save resources.

[0028] 7. The black soil erosion gully formation and development experimental simulation equipment utilizes the contact between the elastic rod and the strip-shaped protrusion, so that the elastic rod is elastically deformed after being squeezed, and the circular connecting piece drives the elastic rod to continuously rotate, so that the elastic rod is separated from the strip-shaped protrusion, and the squeezing force on the elastic rod disappears. Under the elastic force of the elastic rod itself, the elastic rod exerts a temporary elastic impact force on the filter net, and the filter net will vibrate, thereby causing the mud and sand adhering to the surface of the filter net to fall off, making it less likely to be blocked, which is conducive to the flow of liquid and smooth water supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation equipment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation equipment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the black soil simulation mechanism and the storage tank of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the black soil simulation mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the protection mechanism and the frame of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the water flow impact mechanism and the material storage tank of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water impact mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the auxiliary components of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. storage trough; 2. drainage pipe; 3. frame; 4. black soil simulation mechanism; 5. protection mechanism; 6. water impact mechanism; 41. support leg; 42. support plate; 43. enclosure frame; 44. support spring; 45. sliding sleeve; 46. guide rod; 47. return spring; 431. partition plate; 432. first cavity; 433. second cavity; 51. cylinder; 52. bending plate; 53. tip main rod; 54. bending auxiliary rod; 61. pump body; 62. rectangular frame; 63. filter screen; 64. strip protrusion; 65. conical bucket; 66. right-angle pipe; 67. nozzle; 68. auxiliary component; 681. V-shaped frame; 682. connecting shaft; 683. impeller blade; 684. circular connecting piece; 685. elastic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The first embodiment, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0040] A simulation device for the generation and development of black soil erosion gullies, comprising a storage tank 1, a sewage pipe 2 is installed at the side of the bottom of the storage tank 1, and a frame 3 is fixedly installed at the side of the top of the storage tank 1;

[0041] A black soil simulation mechanism 4, which is used to load soil and simulate black soil, and is installed on the top of the storage tank 1 and close to the frame 3;

[0042] Among them, the black soil simulation mechanism 4 includes a support leg 41 and a support plate 42, the support leg 41 is installed on the top of the storage tank 1 and close to the frame 3, the side of the outer side of the support plate 42 is hinged to the top of the support leg 41, and a containment frame 43 is fixedly installed at the edge of the top of the support plate 42. A supporting spring 44 is fixedly installed between the bottom of the support plate 42 and the inner side of the storage tank 1. A sliding sleeve 45 is fixedly installed at the edge of the outer side of the support plate 42 and at one end away from the support leg 41. A guide rod 46 is slidably installed at the center of the sliding sleeve 45, and the bottom end of the guide rod 46 is fixed to the inner side of the storage tank 1. The guide rod 46 is fixedly installed in the middle of the surface, and a return spring 47 is fixedly installed between the bottom end of the guide rod 46 and the bottom of the sliding sleeve 45. The staff puts the soil on the top of the supporting plate 42, and under the division of the partition plate 431, the inside of the first cavity 432 and the inside of the second cavity 433 are filled with soil, thereby forming an experimental model of black soil, which is helpful for the subsequent comparison of the changes of the soil in the first cavity 432 and the second cavity 433 under water erosion, and in the absence of protection, the comparison of the experimental simulation of the development of erosion gullies in the soil in the first cavity 432 and the second cavity 433;

[0043] A partition plate 431 is fixedly installed in the middle of the enclosure frame 43 and close to the top position of the support plate 42. The partition plate 431 divides the inner cavity of the enclosure frame 43 into a first cavity 432 and a second cavity 433. The space in the first cavity 432 is equal to the space in the second cavity 433, which is convenient for storing black soil of the same weight.

[0044] There are two supporting legs 41, and the two supporting legs 41 are symmetrically installed along the support plate 42. The guide rod 46 is arc-shaped, and the center of the guide rod 46 coincides with the hinge point on the outside of the support plate 42. The guide rod 46 passes through the center of the return spring 47, and the return spring 47 is not easy to bend after being compressed.

[0045] The second embodiment is based on the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 5 As shown:

[0046] A protection mechanism 5, which is used to protect the black soil on the top of the support plate 42, and the protection mechanism 5 is installed in the middle of the frame 3;

[0047] The protection mechanism 5 includes a cylinder 51 and a bending plate 52. The cylinder 51 is installed on the top of the frame 3. The bending plate 52 is hingedly installed at the telescopic end of the cylinder 51. A tip main rod 53 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bending plate 52. A bending auxiliary rod 54 is fixedly installed on the outer circumferential surface of the tip main rod 53 and near the bottom. The bending plate 52 is installed just above the first cavity 432. When the staff turns on the cylinder 51 to work, the extension of the telescopic end of the cylinder 51 can drive the bending plate 52 to move downward, so that the tip main rod 53 When the bent sub-rod 54 is driven downward by the bent plate 52, the bottom ends of the pointed main rod 53 and the bent sub-rod 54 can be inserted into the soil in the inner cavity of the first cavity 432. The pointed main rod 53 and the bent sub-rod 54 form a tree root shape in the soil, which can protect the soil in the inner cavity of the first cavity 432 and make it less susceptible to the impact and erosion of running water. The soil in the second cavity 433 is not protected and is easily eroded by running water, which facilitates comparative observation of the soil in the first cavity 432 and the second cavity 433.

[0048] There are two cylinders 51 , and the two cylinders 51 are symmetrically installed along the central axis in the middle of the bending plate 52 , and the bending plate 52 is installed just above the supporting plate 42 .

[0049] As the telescopic end of the cylinder 51 continues to extend, the bending plate 52 is subjected to a downward pressing force, and the pressing force is applied to the support plate 42 through the tip main rod 53. Under the support of the support leg 41, the support plate 42 is rotated clockwise to adjust the angle, so that the support plate 42 is tilted, and the supporting spring 44 and the return spring 47 are compressed. As the telescopic end of the cylinder 51 extends, the pressing force applied to the support plate 42 becomes greater, and the tilt angle of the support plate 42 becomes greater. The effects of different tilt angles on black soil erosion can be compared, and the interaction between the structures can be fully utilized to facilitate the experimental simulation of the formation and development of black soil erosion gullies under various factors.

[0050] The tip main rod 53 is evenly installed at the bottom of the support plate 42, and the tip of the tip main rod 53 faces downward. As the telescopic end of the cylinder 51 contracts, the bending plate 52 can be driven to move upward, so that the bottom end of the tip main rod 53 and the bottom end of the bending auxiliary rod 54 move out of the first cavity 432, so that the pressing force on the support plate 42 can disappear, and under the elastic force of the supporting spring 44 and the elastic force of the reset spring 47, the support plate 42 rotates counterclockwise for automatic reset, which is helpful for subsequent experimental simulations.

[0051] When the support plate 42 is rotated to adjust the angle, the guide rod 46 is passed through the center of the sliding sleeve 45, and the sliding sleeve 45 slides on the guide rod 46, so that the support plate 42 is guided, so that the structure can operate smoothly when the support plate 42 is rotated to adjust the angle.

[0052] The third embodiment is based on the first and second embodiments. Figures 1 to 8 As shown:

[0053] A water impact mechanism 6 is installed inside the storage tank 1 and near the bottom. The water impact mechanism 6 includes a pump body 61 and a rectangular frame 62. The pump body 61 is installed on the side of the outer side of the storage tank 1, and the rectangular frame 62 is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the storage tank 1. The rectangular frame 62 is installed directly below the support plate 42. The liquid inlet end of the pump body 61 extends to the inside of the storage tank 1, and a filter screen 63 is installed in the middle of the rectangular frame 62. A strip-shaped protrusion 64 is fixedly installed in the middle of the filter screen 63. A conical bucket 65 is installed between the liquid inlet end of the pump body 61 and the outer side of the filter screen 63. A right-angle pipe 66 is installed at the liquid outlet end of the pump body 61. A nozzle 67 is connected to the top of the right-angle pipe 66 and close to the support plate 42, and an auxiliary component 68 is installed inside the conical bucket 65.

[0054] The staff turns on the pump body 61 to work, and uses the suction force of the pump body 61 to suck out part of the water in the storage tank 1, and under the transportation of the right-angle pipe 66, it is flushed from the nozzle 67 to the soil on the top of the support plate 42, so that a black soil erosion simulation experiment can be carried out. As the water flows downward, it will flow into the inner cavity of the storage tank 1 again and close to the filter screen 63, so that the filter screen 63 can be used to filter the silt, thereby recycling the water and silt.

[0055] The position of the strip-shaped protrusion 64 corresponds to the position of the conical bucket 65 , and the strip-shaped protrusion 64 is evenly installed in the middle of the filter screen 63 .

[0056] The nozzle 67 is installed just above the support plate 42, and the nozzle 67 is installed at an angle.

[0057] The auxiliary component 68 includes a V-shaped frame 681, the two ends of the outer side of the V-shaped frame 681 are fixedly installed at the conical surface inside the conical bucket 65, a connecting shaft 682 is rotatably installed between the middle of the V-shaped frame 681 and the middle of the filter screen 63, an impeller blade 683 is fixedly installed on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 682 and close to the V-shaped frame 681, a circular connecting piece 684 is fixedly installed on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 682 and close to the strip-shaped protrusion 64, and an elastic rod 685 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the circular connecting piece 684 and close to the strip-shaped protrusion 64. Under the guidance of the conical bucket 65, the water intake of the pump body 61 when absorbing water can be increased, and under the impact of the fluid, the impeller blade 683 is subjected to the impact force of the fluid, and the impeller blade 683 is effectively sucked. With the rotation support of the connecting shaft 682, the circular connecting member 684 is driven to rotate, so that the elastic rod 685 can rotate together. The elastic rod 685 is in contact with the strip protrusion 64, so that the elastic rod 685 is elastically deformed after being squeezed. As the circular connecting member 684 drives the elastic rod 685 to continue to rotate, the elastic rod 685 is separated from the strip protrusion 64, and the squeezing force on the elastic rod 685 disappears. Under the elastic force of the elastic rod 685 itself, the elastic rod 685 exerts a temporary elastic impact force on the filter screen 63, and the filter screen 63 will vibrate, so that the mud and sand adhering to the surface of the filter screen 63 will fall off, and it is not easy to be blocked, which is conducive to the flow of liquid and smooth water supply.

[0058] The impeller blades 683 are installed at an angle, and are evenly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting shaft 682 and close to the V-shaped frame 681. The elastic rods 685 are arc-shaped, and there are two elastic rods 685, and the two elastic rods 685 are installed symmetrically along the axis center in the middle of the connecting shaft 682.

[0059] When in use, the staff first places the soil on the top of the support plate 42, and under the division of the partition plate 431, the interior of the first cavity 432 and the interior of the second cavity 433 are filled with soil, thereby forming an experimental model of black soil, and injecting a proper amount of water into the storage tank 1. At this time, the staff turns on the pump body 61 to work, and uses the suction force of the pump body 61 to suck out part of the water in the storage tank 1, and under the transportation of the right-angle pipe 66, it is flushed from the nozzle 67 to the soil on the top of the support plate 42, so that a black soil erosion simulation experiment can be carried out. As the water flows downward, it will flow to the inner cavity of the storage tank 1 again and close to the filter screen 63, so that the filter screen 63 can be used to filter the silt, so as to recycle the water and silt. In the absence of protection, the erosion gully development experiment of the soil in the first cavity 432 and the second cavity 433 is compared;

[0060] At the same time, under the guidance of the conical bucket 65, the water intake of the pump body 61 when absorbing water can be increased, and under the impact of the fluid, the impeller blade 683 is subjected to the impact force of the fluid, and the circular connecting member 684 is driven to rotate under the rotation support of the connecting shaft 682, so that the elastic rod 685 can rotate together, and the elastic rod 685 is contacted with the strip-shaped protrusion 64, so that the elastic rod 685 is squeezed and elastically deformed, and the circular connecting member 684 drives the elastic rod 685 to continue to rotate, so that the elastic rod 685 is separated from the strip-shaped protrusion 64, and the squeezing force on the elastic rod 685 disappears, and under the elastic force of the elastic rod 685 itself, the elastic rod 685 exerts a time elastic impact force on the filter screen 63, and the filter screen 63 will vibrate, so that the sediment adhering to the surface of the filter screen 63 falls off, and it is not easy to be blocked, which is conducive to the flow of liquid and smooth water supply;

[0061] After the experiment is completed without protection, the first cavity 432 and the second cavity 433 are filled with soil again, and the bending plate 52 is installed just above the first cavity 432. The staff starts the cylinder 51 to work, and the extension of the telescopic end of the cylinder 51 can drive the bending plate 52 to move downward, so that the tip main rod 53 and the bending auxiliary rod 54 are driven by the bending plate 52 to move downward together, and the bottom ends of the tip main rod 53 and the bottom ends of the bending auxiliary rod 54 can be inserted into the soil in the inner cavity of the first cavity 432. The tip main rod 53 and the bending auxiliary rod 54 form a tree root shape in the soil, which can protect the soil in the inner cavity of the first cavity 432 and is not easily eroded by the impact of running water. The soil in the second cavity 433 is not protected. At this time, the water body is transported again by the pump body 61, which is convenient for comparative observation of the soil in the first cavity 432 and the second cavity 433.

[0062] And as the telescopic end of the cylinder 51 contracts, the bending plate 52 can be driven to move upward, so that the bottom end of the tip main rod 53 and the bottom end of the bending auxiliary rod 54 move out of the first cavity 432, so that the pressing force on the support plate 42 disappears, and under the elastic force of the supporting spring 44 and the elastic force of the reset spring 47, the support plate 42 rotates counterclockwise to automatically reset, which is helpful for subsequent experimental simulations;

[0063] When the support plate 42 is rotated to adjust the angle, the guide rod 46 is passed through the center of the sliding sleeve 45, and the sliding sleeve 45 slides on the guide rod 46, so that the support plate 42 is guided, so that the structure can operate smoothly when the support plate 42 is rotated to adjust the angle.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simulation device for the generation and development of black soil erosion gullies, characterized in that: It comprises a material storage tank (1), a sewage pipe (2) is installed on the side of the bottom of the material storage tank (1), and a frame (3) is fixedly installed on the side of the top of the material storage tank (1); A black soil simulation mechanism (4), the black soil simulation mechanism (4) being used to load soil and simulate black soil, the black soil simulation mechanism (4) being installed on the top of the storage tank (1) and close to the frame (3); The black soil simulation mechanism (4) comprises a support leg (41) and a support plate (42), wherein the support leg (41) is mounted on the top of the material storage trough (1) and close to the frame (3), the side of the outer side of the support plate (42) is hinged to the top of the support leg (41), a retaining frame (43) is fixedly mounted on the edge of the top of the support plate (42), a supporting spring (44) is fixedly mounted between the bottom of the support plate (42) and the inner side surface of the material storage trough (1), a sliding sleeve (45) is fixedly mounted on the outer edge of the support plate (42) and at one end away from the support leg (41), a guide rod (46) is slidably mounted at the center of the inside of the sliding sleeve (45), the bottom end of the guide rod (46) is fixedly mounted to the middle of the inner side surface of the material storage trough (1), and a return spring (47) is fixedly mounted between the bottom end of the guide rod (46) and the bottom of the sliding sleeve (45); A protection mechanism (5), the protection mechanism (5) being used to protect the black soil on the top of the support plate (42), the protection mechanism (5) being installed in the middle of the frame (3); The protection mechanism (5) comprises a cylinder (51) and a bending plate (52), wherein the cylinder (51) is mounted on the top of the frame (3), the bending plate (52) is hingedly mounted on the telescopic end of the cylinder (51), a tip main rod (53) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bending plate (52), and a bending secondary rod (54) is fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the tip main rod (53) and close to the bottom.

2. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: A partition plate (431) is fixedly installed in the middle of the enclosure frame (43) and close to the top of the support plate (42); the partition plate (431) divides the inner cavity of the enclosure frame (43) into a first cavity (432) and a second cavity (433); the space of the first cavity (432) is equal to the space of the second cavity (433).

3. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: There are two supporting legs (41), and the two supporting legs (41) are symmetrically installed along the support plate (42). The guide rod (46) is arc-shaped, and the center of the guide rod (46) coincides with the hinge point on the outside of the support plate (42). The guide rod (46) passes through the center of the return spring (47).

4. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: There are two cylinders (51), and the two cylinders (51) are symmetrically installed along the central axis in the middle of the bending plate (52), and the bending plate (52) is installed directly above the supporting plate (42).

5. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The tip main rods (53) are evenly mounted on the bottom of the support plate (42), and the tips of the tip main rods (53) face downwards.

6. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: A water flow impact mechanism (6) is installed inside the material storage tank (1) and near the bottom. The water flow impact mechanism (6) comprises a pump body (61) and a rectangular frame (62). The pump body (61) is installed at the side of the outside of the material storage tank (1). The rectangular frame (62) is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the material storage tank (1). The rectangular frame (62) is installed directly below the support plate (42). The liquid inlet end of the pump body (61) extends into the inside of the material storage tank (1). The rectangular frame (62) is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the material storage tank (1). 2) is installed in the middle of the pump body (61), a strip-shaped protrusion (64) is fixedly installed in the middle of the filter screen (63), a conical bucket (65) is installed between the liquid inlet end of the pump body (61) and the outer side of the filter screen (63), a right-angle pipe (66) is installed at the liquid outlet end of the pump body (61), a nozzle (67) is connected to the top of the right-angle pipe (66) and close to the support plate (42), and an auxiliary component (68) is installed inside the conical bucket (65).

7. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 6 is characterized by: The position of the strip-shaped protrusion (64) corresponds to the position of the conical bucket (65), and the strip-shaped protrusion (64) is evenly installed in the middle of the filter screen (63).

8. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 6 is characterized by: The nozzle (67) is installed directly above the support plate (42), and the nozzle (67) is installed at an angle.

9. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The auxiliary component (68) comprises a V-shaped frame (681), the two ends of the outer side of the V-shaped frame (681) being fixedly mounted on the conical surface on the inner side of the conical bucket (65), a connecting shaft (682) being rotatably mounted between the middle of the V-shaped frame (681) and the middle of the filter screen (63), an impeller blade (683) being fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft (682) and close to the V-shaped frame (681), a circular connecting piece (684) being fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft (682) and close to the strip-shaped protrusion (64), and an elastic rod (685) being fixedly mounted on the outer side of the circular connecting piece (684) and close to the strip-shaped protrusion (64).

10. The black soil erosion gully generation and development experimental simulation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The impeller blades (683) are installed at an angle, and the impeller blades (683) are evenly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the connecting shaft (682) and close to the V-shaped frame (681). The elastic rods (685) are arc-shaped. There are two elastic rods (685), and the two elastic rods (685) are installed symmetrically along the axis center at the middle of the connecting shaft (682).

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