Device and method for improving the productivity of sandy black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sweet potato planting and fertilization, and discloses a device and a method for improving the productivity of sand ginger black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer. The device comprises a walking mechanism, the walking mechanism comprises a tractor, a seedling raising mechanism is fixedly connected to the tail of the tractor, the seedling raising mechanism is fixedly connected to the tractor through a fixing frame, a telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the seedling raising mechanism, a sweet potato cutting mechanism is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic mechanism, the sweet potato cutting mechanism comprises a U-shaped sweet potato cutting block, a seedling raising mechanism is fixedly connected to a notch of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block, and a fertilizing mechanism is fixedly connected inside the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block. The invention solves the problem that workers need to bend over for a long time to plant in traditional sweet potato cutting, and can accurately fertilize at the same time, without the need to fertilize on a large area, resulting in fertilizer waste, so that weeds in the field absorb fertilizer and affect the sweet potato yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sweet potato planting, and in particular to a device and a method for improving the productivity of sand ginger black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] The organic matter content of Shajiang black soil is high. Most of the soil is nitrogen-deficient, low in phosphorus, and rich in potassium. The soil is generally granular or blocky in structure and has good permeability. Sweet potatoes are potassium-loving plants, so the conditions of Shajiang black soil are suitable for the growth of sweet potatoes.

[0003] In the sweet potato cutting operation, the most primitive method is manual sweet potato cutting, which is similar to planting rice. It requires growers to bend over for a long time to plant sweet potatoes. The workload is large and bending over for a long time is easy to get tired. Then semi-automatic machines appeared, which only require manual delivery of seedlings. Semi-automatic machines insert sweet potato seedlings into the ground through multiple planting heads, but the existing semi-automatic sweet potato planting machines can only be planted on soft land. If there are often sand blocks in the sandy ginger black soil, the planting heads of traditional devices will collide with stones, resulting in unsuccessful planting. At the same time, traditional machines cannot apply fertilizers at fixed points, and generally carry out full-coverage fertilization, which wastes fertilizers and also allows weeds to get nutrients, affecting sweet potato yields. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for synergistically applying biochar and slow-release fertilizer to improve the productivity of sand ginger black soil. Each time the sweet potato is cut, the telescopic column will slide up and down once, and the biochar and slow-release fertilizer in the storage barrel will flow out from the side wall of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block through the guide pipe, and can fall right next to the planted sweet potato seedlings, so that they no longer supply biochar and slow-release fertilizer, thereby improving the productivity of sand ginger black soil.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a device for improving the productivity of sand ginger black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer, comprising:

[0007] U-shaped sweet potato cuttings;

[0008] A seedling lowering mechanism is fixedly connected to the notch of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block;

[0009] A fertilization mechanism is fixedly connected to the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block in the sweet potato cutting mechanism, and the fertilization mechanism includes a storage bucket, an addition port, an air hole, a steel wire rope, a tension spring and a blocking block; the storage bucket is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, the upper end of the storage bucket is detachably connected with the addition port, one side of the addition port is provided with the air hole, one side of the storage bucket is fixedly connected with a material guide pipe, one end of the material guide pipe extends to the inner wall of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block, the blocking block is movably connected in the material guide pipe, the blocking block is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the telescopic column, the tension spring is nested on the steel wire rope, one end of the tension spring is abutted against the blocking block, and the other end of the tension spring is fixed.

[0010] Preferably, the seedling lowering mechanism includes a telescopic column, an arc-shaped block, a sponge and a telescopic spring; the upper end of the telescopic column extends to the bottom of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block, the telescopic column and the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block are slidably connected, the upper end of the telescopic column is fixedly connected to the telescopic spring, the other end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block, the lower end of the telescopic column is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped block, and the sponge is fixedly connected to the surface of the arc-shaped block.

[0011] Preferably, the walking mechanism includes a tractor, a driving seat, a rear seat and a seedling storage bucket; the driving seat is provided on the tractor, the rear of the tractor is fixedly connected to the rear seat, the seedling storage bucket is provided on both sides of the rear seat, and the seedling storage bucket is fixedly connected to the tractor.

[0012] Preferably, the seedling placing mechanism is fixedly connected to the tail of the tractor, and the seedling placing mechanism is fixedly connected to the tractor via a fixing frame.

[0013] Preferably, the seedling raising mechanism includes a rotating disk, a support shaft, a motor, a fixed frame, a fixed block, a clamping assembly and a bearing; the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the tail end of the tractor, the motor is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating disk, the other side of the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the fixed frame by the bearing and the support shaft, the fixed block is fixedly connected to the rotating disk, and the clamping assembly is fixedly connected to the fixed block.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes an arc-shaped sheet, an elastic plastic, a connecting bolt and a supporting spring; the two arc-shaped sheets are symmetrically fixedly connected to the fixed block, the convex surfaces of the two arc-shaped sheets face each other, the elastic plastic is fixedly connected to the convex surface of the arc-shaped sheet, the connecting bolt is provided below the elastic plastic, the connecting bolt passes through the two arc-shaped sheets, the supporting spring is nested on the connecting bolt, one end of the supporting spring abuts against the concave surface of the arc-shaped sheet, and the other end of the supporting spring abuts against the head of the connecting bolt.

[0015] Preferably, the arc-shaped piece has metallic elasticity.

[0016] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes a protrusion, a disc, a top ball, a sleeve, a movable column, a deformation spring and a limit ring; the disc is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating disc, the disc is fixedly connected to the support shaft through the bearing, the disc is fixedly connected with the protrusion, the bottom of the protrusion abuts against the top ball, the lower end of the top ball is fixedly connected to the movable column, the movable column passes through the sleeve, the sleeve is fixedly connected to the support shaft, the movable column and the sleeve are slidably connected, the sleeve has the deformation spring inside, the deformation spring is nested in the movable column, the upper end of the deformation spring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limit ring, the limit ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the lower end of the deformation spring is fixedly connected to the movable column.

[0017] Preferably, the sweet potato cutting mechanism is fixedly connected below the telescopic mechanism, and the sweet potato cutting mechanism comprises a connecting shaft, a U-shaped sweet potato cutting block, a torsion spring and a round foot; the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end of the movable column, the connecting shaft passes through the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block, the connecting shaft and the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block are hinged through the torsion spring, and the lower end of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block is fixedly connected to the round foot.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for using a device for improving the productivity of sand ginger black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: Fill the seedling storage bucket with sweet potato seedlings, and fill the storage barrel with biochar and slow-release fertilizer;

[0020] S2: The driver starts the tractor and drives it on the predetermined route;

[0021] S3: The operator on the rear seat starts the motor and then sequentially clamps the sweet potato seedlings in the seedling storage bucket into the clamping assembly.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] (1) When the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block of the present invention moves upward, after the arc-shaped block is no longer subjected to the pressure of the ground, the telescopic spring stretches to drive the telescopic column and the arc-shaped block to move downward, so that the sweet potato seedlings are separated from the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block. Because during the sweet potato cutting, when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block is inserted into the ground, the sweet potato seedlings and the soil may form a whole with the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block. When the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block moves upward, the sweet potato seedlings may not be able to separate from the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block.

[0024] (2) The U-shaped sweet potato cutting block of the present invention and the connecting shaft are hinged by a torsion spring. If the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block hits a stone or a hard object, the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block can deflect around the connecting shaft, and the sweet potato seedlings can eventually be planted in the soil. The round feet at the lower end of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block can slide better on the surface of the stone, which is conducive to the deflection of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block. At the same time, the torsion spring can help the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block to reset.

[0025] (3) Each time the present invention slides, it will drive the steel wire rope to be tightened and relaxed. When the steel wire rope is tightened, the blocking block no longer blocks the material guide pipe. At the same time, the blocking block squeezes the tension spring. The biochar and slow-release fertilizer in the storage barrel flow out from the side wall of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block after passing through the material guide pipe, and can just fall next to the planted sweet potato seedlings. When the steel wire rope is relaxed, the tension spring stretches and drives the blocking block to block the material guide pipe, so that it no longer supplies biochar and slow-release fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the clamping assembly and the telescopic mechanism;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the clamping assembly;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the telescopic mechanism and the seedling lowering mechanism;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the sweet potato cutting mechanism, the seedling planting mechanism and the fertilization mechanism;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the connecting shaft, torsion spring, U-shaped sweet potato cutting block and seedling lowering mechanism.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. Traveling mechanism; 11. Tractor; 12. Driving seat; 13. Rear seat; 14. Seedling bucket;

[0035] 2. Seedling feeding mechanism; 21. Rotating plate; 22. Support shaft; 23. Motor; 24. Fixed frame; 25. Fixed block; 26. Clamping assembly; 261. Arc sheet; 262. Elastic plastic; 263. Connecting bolt; 264. Support spring; 27. Bearing;

[0036] 3. telescopic mechanism; 31. protrusion; 32. disc; 33. top ball; 34. sleeve; 35. movable column; 36. deformation spring; 37. limit ring;

[0037] 4. Sweet potato cutting mechanism; 41. Connecting shaft; 42. U-shaped sweet potato cutting block; 43. Torsion spring; 44. Round foot;

[0038] 5. Seedling lowering mechanism; 51. Telescopic column; 52. Arc block; 53. Sponge; 54. Telescopic spring;

[0039] 6. Fertilizing mechanism; 61. Storage barrel; 62. Adding port; 63. Air hole; 64. Steel wire rope; 65. Tension spring; 66. Blocking block; 67. Material guide pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the device for improving the productivity of sand ginger black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer according to the present invention comprises:

[0042] U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42;

[0043] The notch of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 is fixedly connected with a seedling lowering mechanism 5;

[0044] The seedling lowering mechanism 5 includes a telescopic column 51, an arc block 52, a sponge and a telescopic spring 54; the upper end of the telescopic column 51 extends to the bottom of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42, the telescopic column 51 and the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 are slidably connected, the upper end of the telescopic column 51 is fixedly connected to the telescopic spring 54, the other end of the telescopic spring 54 is fixedly connected to the inside of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42, the lower end of the telescopic column 51 is fixedly connected to the arc block 52, and the surface of the arc block 52 is fixedly connected to the sponge 53;

[0045] The sweet potato cutting mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic mechanism 3, and the sweet potato cutting mechanism 4 includes a connecting shaft 41, a U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42, a torsion spring 43 and a round foot 44; the connecting shaft 41 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the movable column 35, the connecting shaft 41 passes through the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42, the connecting shaft 41 and the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 are hinged by the torsion spring 43, and the lower end of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 is fixedly connected with the round foot 44.

[0046] In the embodiment, when the movable column 35 slides up and down, it drives the connecting shaft 41 to move up and down, and the connecting shaft 41 drives the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 to move up and down. During this process, the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 will contact the rhizome of the sweet potato seedlings when it moves downward. Then, when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 continues to move downward, since the sweet potato seedlings are T-shaped as a whole, the sweet potato seedlings are pulled out of the clamping mechanism 26, and the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 will insert the sweet potato seedlings on the clamping assembly 26 into the soil.

[0047] It should be understood that, when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 inserts the sweet potato seedlings on the clamping assembly 26 into the soil, the arc block 52 and the sponge 53 in the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 first squeeze the sweet potato seedlings into the soil, and the sponge 53 prevents the sweet potato seedlings from being damaged by excessive squeezing force. At the same time, the arc block 52 drives the telescopic column 51 to move upward to compress the telescopic spring 54 during squeezing. When the sweet potato seedlings are inserted into the soil, the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 moves upward to compress the telescopic spring 54. When the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 is moved, the arc block 52 is no longer subjected to the pressure of the ground, and the telescopic spring 54 stretches to drive the telescopic column 51 and the arc block 52 to move downward, so that the sweet potato seedlings are separated from the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42. Because during the sweet potato cutting, when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 is inserted into the ground, the sweet potato seedlings and the soil may form a whole with the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42. When the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 moves upward, the sweet potato seedlings may not be able to separate from the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42.

[0048] At the same time, the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 and the connecting shaft 41 are hinged by a torsion spring 43, so when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 is inserted into the soil, if it encounters a stone or a hard object, the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 can deflect around the connecting shaft 41, and the sweet potato seedlings can finally be planted in the soil. The round foot 44 at the lower end of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 can slide better on the surface of the stone, which is conducive to the deflection of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42. At the same time, the torsion spring 43 can help the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 to reset.

[0049] Specifically, the walking mechanism 1 includes a tractor 11, a driving position 12, a rear seat 13 and a seedling storage bucket 14; the tractor 11 is provided with the driving position 12, the rear of the tractor 11 is fixedly connected with the rear seat 13, the seedling storage bucket 14 is provided on both sides of the rear seat 13, and the seedling storage bucket 14 is fixedly connected to the tractor 11;

[0050] The seedling mechanism 2 includes a rotating disk 21, a support shaft 22, a motor 23, a fixed frame 24, a fixed block 25, a clamping assembly 26 and a bearing 27; the fixed frame 24 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the tractor 11, the fixed frame 24 is fixedly connected to the motor 23, the output shaft of the motor 23 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 21, the other side of the rotating disk 21 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 24 by the bearing 27 and the support shaft 22, the rotating disk 21 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 25, the fixed block 25 is fixedly connected to the clamping assembly 26, and the clamping assembly 26 includes an arc piece 261, an elastic plastic 262, Connecting bolt 263 and supporting spring 264; the two arc-shaped pieces 261 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the fixing block 25, the arc-shaped pieces 261 have metal elasticity, the convex surfaces of the two arc-shaped pieces 261 face each other, the elastic plastic 262 is fixedly connected to the convex surface of the arc-shaped piece 261, the connecting bolt 263 is arranged below the elastic plastic 262, the connecting bolt 263 passes through the two arc-shaped pieces 261, the supporting spring 264 is nested on the connecting bolt 263, one end of the supporting spring 264 abuts against the concave surface of the arc-shaped piece 261, and the other end of the supporting spring 264 abuts against the head of the connecting bolt 263.

[0051] In the embodiment, the device requires two people to cooperate in operation. First, one of them needs to drive the tractor 11 in the driving position 12 to move the tractor 11 along the route on the cultivated land, and the other person places the sweet potato seedlings on the rear seat 13. When the tractor 11 is moving, the motor 23 is working, and the output shaft of the motor 23 drives the rotating disk 21 to rotate, and the rotating disk 21 drives the fixed block 25 and the clamping assembly 26 to rotate. The person sitting on the rear seat 13 needs to place the sweet potato seedlings in the seedling bucket 14 in the clamping assembly 26 in turn. During this process, the clamping assembly 26 will continue to rotate in front of the operator. The operator should clamp the root of the sweet potato seedling between the two arc-shaped pieces 261, with the head of the sweet potato seedling facing the other end of the fixed block 25, so that the sweet potato seedling and the fixed block 25 fit together. The elastic plastic 262 on the arc-shaped piece 261 can clamp the root of the sweet potato seedling without damaging the rhizome of the sweet potato seedling. When clamping, because the arc-shaped piece 261 has metal elasticity, the gap between the two arc-shaped pieces 261 will become larger. At the same time, the two arc-shaped pieces 261 will squeeze the supporting springs 264 on both sides, and the elastic force of the supporting springs 264 will cause the arc-shaped piece 261 to clamp the root of the sweet potato seedling to prevent it from detaching.

[0052] It should be noted that when the sweet potato seedlings are transplanted, scissors are generally used to cut the old vine into multiple sections, each section has a rhizome, similar to a T shape, and the position where the arc piece 261 is engaged is the junction between the old vine and the rhizome.

[0053] Specifically, the telescopic mechanism 3 includes a protrusion 31, a disc 32, a top ball 33, a sleeve 34, a movable column 35, a deformation spring 36 and a limit ring 37; the disc 32 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating disc 21, the disc 32 is fixedly connected to the support shaft 22 through the bearing 27, the disc 32 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 31, the bottom of the protrusion 31 is abutted against the top ball 33, the lower end of the top ball 33 is fixedly connected to the movable column 35, the The movable column 35 passes through the sleeve 34, and the sleeve 34 is fixedly connected to the support shaft 22. The movable column 35 and the sleeve 34 are slidably connected. The sleeve 34 contains the deformation spring 36, and the deformation spring 36 is nested on the movable column 35. The upper end of the deformation spring 36 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limit ring 37, and the limit ring 37 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 34. The lower end of the deformation spring 36 is fixedly connected to the movable column 35.

[0054] In the embodiment, the rotating disk 21 drives the disc 32 to rotate when rotating, and the rotation of the disc 32 drives the protrusion 31 to rotate. The protrusion 31 will continuously squeeze the top ball 33 when rotating, and the top ball 33 drives the movable column 35 to slide up and down in the sleeve 34, and at the same time the deformation spring 36 reciprocates and expands and contracts.

[0055] Specifically, the fertilization mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 in the sweet potato cutting mechanism 4, and the fertilization mechanism 6 includes a storage bucket 61, an addition port 62, an air hole 63, a wire rope 64, a tension spring 65 and a blocking block 66; the storage bucket 61 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 24, the upper end of the storage bucket 61 is detachably connected with the addition port 62, one side of the addition port 62 is provided with the air hole 63, and one side of the storage bucket 61 is fixed The guide tube 67 is connected, one end of which extends to the inner wall of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42, and the blocking block 66 is movably connected inside the guide tube 67. The blocking block 66 is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope 64, one end of which is fixedly connected to the telescopic column 51, and the tension spring 65 is nested on the steel wire rope 64, one end of which is in contact with the blocking block 66, and the other end of which is fixed.

[0056] In the embodiment, the telescopic column 51 slides up and down once each time the sweet potato is transplanted, and each slide drives the steel wire rope 64 to be tightened and relaxed. When the steel wire rope 64 is tightened, the blocking block 66 no longer blocks the guide tube 67. At the same time, the blocking block 66 squeezes the tension spring 65. The biochar and slow-release fertilizer in the storage barrel 61 flow out from the side wall of the U-shaped sweet potato transplanting block 42 through the guide tube 67 and may fall right next to the planted sweet potato seedlings. When the steel wire rope 64 is relaxed, the tension spring 65 stretches and drives the blocking block 66 to block the guide tube 67, so that it no longer supplies biochar and slow-release fertilizer.

[0057] Specifically, a method for using a device for synergistically applying biochar and slow-release fertilizer to improve the productivity of sand ginger black soil comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1: Fill the seedling storage bucket 14 with sweet potato seedlings, and fill the storage barrel 61 with biochar and slow-release fertilizer;

[0059] S2: The driver starts the tractor 11 to travel along a predetermined route;

[0060] S3: The operator on the rear seat 13 starts the motor 23 and then sequentially clamps the sweet potato seedlings in the seedling storage bucket 14 into the clamping assembly 26.

[0061] Specific in use:

[0062] The equipment requires two people to operate. First, one of them needs to drive the tractor 11 in the driving position 12 to move the tractor 11 along the route on the cultivated land. The other person places the sweet potato seedlings on the rear seat 13. When the tractor 11 is moving, the motor 23 is working. The output shaft of the motor 23 drives the rotating disk 21 to rotate. The rotating disk 21 drives the fixed block 25 and the clamping assembly 26 to rotate. The person sitting on the rear seat 13 needs to place the sweet potato seedlings in the seedling bucket 14 in the clamping assembly 26 in turn. During this process, the clamping assembly 26 will continue to rotate in front of the operator. The operator should clamp the root of the sweet potato seedling between the two arc-shaped pieces 261, with the head of the sweet potato seedling facing the other end of the fixed block 25, so that the sweet potato seedling and the fixed block 25 fit together, and the arc-shaped piece 261 The elastic plastic 262 on the top can clamp the roots of the sweet potato seedlings without damaging the rhizomes of the sweet potato seedlings. When clamping, because the arc-shaped pieces 261 have metal elasticity, the gap between the two arc-shaped pieces 261 will become larger, and at the same time, the two arc-shaped pieces 261 will squeeze the supporting springs 264 on both sides, and the elastic force of the supporting springs 264 will make the arc-shaped pieces 261 clamp the roots of the sweet potato seedlings so that they will not fall off. When the rotating disk 21 rotates, the disc 32 is driven to rotate, and the rotation of the disc 32 drives the protrusion 31 to rotate. When the protrusion 31 rotates, it will continuously squeeze the top ball 33, and the top ball 33 drives the movable column 35 to slide up and down in the sleeve 34. At the same time, the deformation spring 36 reciprocates and expands. When the movable column 35 slides up and down, it drives the connecting shaft 41 to move up and down, and the connecting shaft 41 drives the U-shaped sweet potato The cutting block 42 moves up and down, and during this process, the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 will contact the rhizome of the sweet potato seedlings when it moves downward. Then, when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 continues to move downward, the sweet potato seedlings are pulled out of the clamping mechanism 26 because the sweet potato seedlings are in a T-shape as a whole. The U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 will insert the sweet potato seedlings on the clamping assembly 26 into the soil. It should be understood that in the process of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 inserting the sweet potato seedlings on the clamping assembly 26 into the soil, first, the arc block 52 and the sponge 53 in the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 squeeze the sweet potato seedlings into the soil, and the sponge 53 prevents the sweet potato seedlings from being damaged by excessive squeezing force. At the same time, the arc block 52 will drive the telescopic column 51 to move upward to compress the telescopic spring 54 when squeezing. After entering the soil, when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 moves upward, the arc block 52 is no longer subjected to the pressure of the soil, and the telescopic spring 54 stretches to drive the telescopic column 51 and the arc block 52 to move downward, so that the sweet potato seedlings are separated from the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42. Because during sweet potato cutting, when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 is inserted into the soil, the sweet potato seedlings and the soil may form a whole with the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42. When the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 moves upward, the sweet potato seedlings may not be able to separate from the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42. At the same time, the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 and the connecting shaft 41 are hinged by the torsion spring 43. Therefore, when the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 is inserted into the soil, if it encounters a stone or a hard object, the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 can deflect around the connecting shaft 41.Finally, the sweet potato seedlings can be planted in the soil. The round foot 44 at the lower end of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 can slide better on the stone surface, which is conducive to the deflection of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42. At the same time, the torsion spring 43 can help the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 to reset. Each time the sweet potato cutting is performed, the telescopic column 51 will slide up and down once, and each time it slides, it will drive the steel wire rope 64 to tighten and relax. When the steel wire rope 64 is tightened, the blocking block 66 no longer blocks the guide pipe 67. At the same time, the blocking block 66 squeezes the tension spring 65. The biochar and slow-release fertilizer in the storage barrel 61 flow out from the side wall of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block 42 through the guide pipe 67 and can just fall next to the planted sweet potato seedlings. When the steel wire rope 64 is relaxed, the tension spring 65 stretches and drives the blocking block 66 to block the guide pipe 67, so that it no longer supplies biochar and slow-release fertilizer.

[0063] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for improving the productivity of sand ginger black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer, characterized in that: include: U-shaped sweet potato cuttings (42); A seedling lowering mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to the notch of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block (42); A fertilizing mechanism (6), the fertilizing mechanism (6) comprising a storage barrel (61), an addition port (62), an air hole (63), a steel wire rope (64), a tension spring (65) and a blocking block (66); the addition port (62) is detachably connected to the upper end of the storage barrel (61); the air hole (63) is provided on one side of the addition port (62); a material guide tube (67) is fixedly connected to one side of the storage barrel (61); the blocking block (66) is movably connected inside the material guide tube (67); the blocking block (66) is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope (64); the tension spring (65) is embedded on the steel wire rope (64); one end of the tension spring (65) is in contact with the blocking block (66); A fixed frame (24), the storage bucket (61) being fixedly connected to the fixed frame (24); A telescopic column (51), one end of the guide tube (67) extending to the inner wall of the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block (42), and one end of the steel wire rope (64) fixedly connected to the telescopic column (51); The seedling raising mechanism (2) comprises a rotating disk (21), a supporting shaft (22), a motor (23), a fixing frame (24), a fixing block (25), a clamping assembly (26) and a bearing (27); The motor (23) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (24); the output shaft of the motor (23) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (21); the other side of the rotating disk (21) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (24) via the bearing (27) and the support shaft (22); the rotating disk (21) is fixedly connected to the fixed block (25); and the clamping assembly (26) is fixedly connected to the fixed block (25); The clamping assembly (26) comprises an arc-shaped sheet (261), elastic plastic (262), a connecting bolt (263) and a supporting spring (264); The elastic plastic (262) is fixedly connected to the convex surface of the arc-shaped piece (261), the connecting bolt (263) is provided below the elastic plastic (262), the connecting bolt (263) passes through the two arc-shaped pieces (261), the supporting spring (264) is nested on the connecting bolt (263), and one end of the supporting spring (264) abuts against the concave surface of the arc-shaped piece (261).

2. The device for improving the productivity of sandy black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling lowering mechanism (5) comprises a telescopic column (51), an arc-shaped block (52), a sponge (53) and a telescopic spring (54); the telescopic column (51) and the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block (42) are slidably connected; the upper end of the telescopic column (51) is fixedly connected to the telescopic spring (54); the lower end of the telescopic column (51) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped block (52); and the surface of the arc-shaped block (52) is fixedly connected to the sponge (53).

3. The device for improving the productivity of sandy black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a walking mechanism (1), wherein the walking mechanism (1) includes a tractor (11), a driving position (12), a rear seat (13) and a seedling storage bucket (14); The tractor (11) is provided with the driving seat (12), the rear of the tractor (11) is fixedly connected to the rear seat (13), the seedling storage bucket (14) is provided on both sides of the rear seat (13), and the seedling storage bucket (14) is fixedly connected to the tractor (11).

4. The device for improving the productivity of sandy black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a seedling placing mechanism (2), wherein the seedling placing mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the tail of the tractor (11), and the seedling placing mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the tractor (11) via a fixing frame (24).

5. The device for improving the productivity of sandy black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc-shaped piece (261) has metal elasticity.

6. The device for improving the productivity of sandy black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a telescopic mechanism (3), wherein the telescopic mechanism (3) includes a protrusion (31), a disc (32), a top ball (33), a sleeve (34), a movable column (35) and a deformation spring (36); The disc (32) is fixedly connected to the support shaft (22) via the bearing (27); the protrusion (31) is fixedly connected to the disc (32); the top ball (33) abuts against the bottom of the protrusion (31); the lower end of the top ball (33) is fixedly connected to the movable column (35); the movable column (35) passes through the sleeve (34); the movable column (35) and the sleeve (34) are slidably connected; the sleeve (34) contains the deformation spring (36); the deformation spring (36) is nested on the movable column (35).

7. The device for improving the productivity of sandy black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a sweet potato cutting mechanism (4), the sweet potato cutting mechanism (4) being fixedly connected below the telescopic mechanism (3), the sweet potato cutting mechanism (4) comprising a connecting shaft (41), a U-shaped sweet potato cutting block (42) and a torsion spring (43); The connecting shaft (41) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the movable column (35), the connecting shaft (41) passes through the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block (42), and the connecting shaft (41) and the U-shaped sweet potato cutting block (42) are hinged via the torsion spring (43).

8. The method of the device for improving the productivity of sandy black soil by synergistic application of biochar and slow-release fertilizer according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: Fill the seedling storage bucket (14) with sweet potato seedlings, and fill the storage bucket (61) with biochar and slow-release fertilizer; S2: The driver starts the tractor (11) to travel along a predetermined route; S3: The operator on the rear seat (13) starts the motor (23), and then sequentially clamps the sweet potato seedlings in the seedling storage bucket (14) into the clamping assembly (26).

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