High-altitude solar central heating system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-altitude solar central heating system, which relates to the field of solar central heating and comprises a data acquisition module, a heat collection module, a heat storage module, a circulation module, a control module and a prediction module. According to the method, the influence state of the heat collector and the solar radiation intensity are judged and analyzed to obtain the total energy value within one day, the energy loss of the heat storage device is analyzed to obtain the energy loss value of the heat storage device, the energy loss of the circulating pipeline is analyzed to obtain the energy loss value of the circulating pipeline, and the method is used for analyzing solar energy demand energy. The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining a solar energy required supply energy value of each day, analyzing to obtain an available energy value of each day, analyzing a solar energy system self-sufficiency rate and a threshold value, performing power matching on auxiliary heating equipment, and predicting the working load of the auxiliary heating equipment, so as to accurately obtain solar energy generated energy and resident life required energy from all aspects; and the relationship between the two can be identified, and the working power of the auxiliary heating equipment can be adjusted in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of solar centralized heating, and in particular to a high-altitude solar centralized heating system. Background Art

[0002] The plateau has a large temperature difference between day and night, and the winter is cold and lasts for a long time, so heating for residents is even more important. How to be green and environmentally friendly while ensuring the heating needs of residents is a problem that needs to be solved at present. Among them, solar centralized heating solves the problem of green and environmental protection, but how to fully guarantee the heating needs of residents in winter has not been solved, so the high-altitude solar centralized heating system came into being.

[0003] When operating, traditional high-altitude solar centralized heating systems are unable to identify the relationship between the energy generated by solar energy and the energy needed for residents' lives, are unable to adjust the working power of auxiliary heating equipment in a timely manner, and are unable to perform maintenance on auxiliary heating equipment in a timely manner, resulting in a poor living experience for residents and an inability to ensure the normal life of residents in winter. At the same time, it also increases the operating cost of heating equipment. Therefore, how to identify the relationship between the energy generated by solar energy and the energy needed for residents' lives, and how to adjust the working power of auxiliary heating equipment in a timely manner are technical issues that need to be solved.

[0004] In order to solve the above defects, a technical solution is now provided. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems raised by the above background technology, the present invention is proposed. An embodiment of the present invention provides a high-altitude solar concentrated heating system.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A high-altitude solar centralized heating system includes a data acquisition module, a heat collection module, a heat storage module, a circulation module, a control module and a prediction module.

[0007] The data acquisition module is used to collect collector information, radiation information, heat storage information, circulation information and user information, and send it to the heat collection module, heat storage module, circulation module and control module; The heat collection module is used to determine and analyze the collector influence status and solar radiation intensity based on the collector information and radiation information to obtain the total energy value within a day; The heat storage module is used to analyze the energy loss of the heat storage device based on the heat storage information to obtain the energy loss value of the heat storage device; The circulation module performs circulation pipeline energy loss analysis on the circulation information to obtain a circulation pipeline energy loss value; The control module is used to analyze the solar energy demand of user information to obtain the solar energy supply and demand values for each day, receive the total energy value, the energy loss value of the heat storage device, and the energy loss value of the circulation pipeline within a day, analyze to obtain the available energy value for each day, and then analyze the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system and the set threshold to perform power matching on the auxiliary heating equipment; The prediction module is used to predict the working load of the auxiliary heating equipment through historical data.

[0008] Further, the analysis steps for the total energy value within a day are as follows: Obtain the atmospheric pressure DP of the plateau solar collector and the solar altitude value tθ, and obtain the atmospheric radiation quality value Dm according to the formula Dm = (1 - DP / P0) / costθ, where P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure. Obtain the aerosol particle size Lj, aerosol content Jh, and relative humidity Xs in the plateau atmosphere, and obtain the atmospheric transparency Tm according to the formula Tm = ρ×e -（Lj+Jh+Xs） , obtain the snow reflectivity Fs at the location of the plateau solar collector, obtain the height Bh of the plateau mountain range facing away from the solar collector. When h≥Bh×cotθ, the corresponding solar collector is not blocked. When h < Bh×cotθ, the corresponding solar collector is blocked. Statistically obtain the blocking rate Zd of the solar collector, obtain the lighting area Cm of the solar collector, and calculate to obtain the solar radiation intensity value Fs. Obtain the time t of solar radiation within a day, and mark the solar radiation intensity values for each time period as Fs t , obtain the start time and end time when the installation inclination angle of the collector is the same as the solar altitude angle every day, and the start time and end time when the installation inclination angle of the collector is opposite to the solar altitude angle every day, and calculate with the heat collection adjustment factor Jtz of the collector to obtain the total energy value ZQ within a day.

[0009] Further, the analysis steps for the heat collection adjustment factor of the collector are as follows: The fluid thermal physical parameters include the fluid purity of the vacuum tube, the fluid thermal conductivity, and the fluid specific heat capacity, and sum them to obtain the fluid thermal physical value; the optical characteristics of the vacuum tube include the absorptivity, emissivity, and transmittance of the vacuum tube. Add the absorptivity and transmittance of the vacuum tube and then subtract the emissivity to obtain the optical characteristic value of the vacuum tube; the overall characteristics of the collector include the heat loss coefficient and time constant of the vacuum tube, and sum them to obtain the overall difference value of the collector, where the time constant refers to the time required for the collector to reach a1 of the final stable temperature from the initial state; the geometric structure of the vacuum tube includes the diameter of the vacuum tube and the distance value between the inner and outer tubes of the vacuum tube. After subtracting the distance value between the inner and outer tubes of the vacuum tube from the set reference distance value and taking the absolute value, subtract the diameter of the vacuum tube to obtain the geometric deviation parameter value of the vacuum tube; The obtained irregular non-overlapping area, fluid thermal value, vacuum tube optical characteristic value, collector integral value and vacuum tube geometric partial parameter value are calculated to obtain the collector's heat collection adjustment factor Jtz.

[0010] Furthermore, the steps of analyzing the irregular non-overlapping area are as follows: The coating thickness of the vacuum tube coating at each point in the axial and circumferential directions is obtained by a profilometer, and the coating uniformity value is obtained by analysis; ionized water is added to the vacuum tube coating, and the shape of the droplet on the coating surface is photographed by a camera, the image is grayed, the noise is removed, and the contour of the droplet is extracted by an edge detection algorithm. The tangent of the droplet contour is made at the contact point between the droplet and the coating surface, and the angle formed by the tangent and the coating surface is obtained and multiplied by the correction factor coefficient to obtain the coating surface dirt value; the stress value of the coating when it is separated from the vacuum tube is obtained by a tensile gauge and marked as the coating adhesion; after normalizing the coating chemical bond quality grade value, coating uniformity value, coating surface dirt value and coating adhesion, a parallelogram is established by taking the coating chemical bond quality grade value as the side length of the parallelogram and the coating adhesion as the height of the parallelogram, and the center of the parallelogram is taken as the center of the circle, a circle is established inside the parallelogram, and the sum of the coating uniformity value and the coating surface dirt value is taken as the radius of the circle, and the non-overlapping area formed by the parallelogram and the circle is used as the standard for measuring the quality of the collector coating.

[0011] Furthermore, the steps for analyzing the chemical bond quality level of the coating are as follows: By irradiating the surface of the vacuum tube coating with X-rays at different incident angles and different angles, the emitted photoelectron energy and frequency are used to obtain the photoelectron energy spectrum diffraction pattern. The peak position and peak intensity of the photoelectron energy spectrum diffraction pattern are counted. When the peak intensity value of the diffraction pattern is greater than the set threshold, half of the corresponding horizontal axis value is marked as the diffraction angle sj, and the lattice energy jn of the coating is calculated. A known mass of vacuum tube coating is placed in a calorimeter with a certain amount of water mass ms and burned to obtain the water temperature change value ΔT before and after combustion. According to the formula Sl=ms×ΔT, the combustion release heat Sl is obtained. According to the known stoichiometric equation of the product and compound reaction, the coating is obtained. Covalent bond energy, dissolve the vacuum tube coating in the corresponding solvent to obtain a polymer solution with a solution concentration within a certain range, inject the coating polymer solution into the chromatographic column, count the time for the chromatographic column to flow out, and obtain the efflux time corresponding to each polymer concentration. Use the polymer concentration as the horizontal coordinate and the efflux time as the vertical coordinate to establish a concentration change curve graph, perform data fitting on the concentration change curve graph to obtain a concentration change straight line, obtain the slope value of the straight line, and mark it as the coating covalent bond polymerization degree, perform weighted calculation on the coating lattice energy, coating covalent bond energy and coating covalent bond polymerization degree, and multiply by the corresponding weight factor coefficient to obtain the coating chemical bond quality grade value.

[0012] Furthermore, the steps for analyzing the available energy value of each day and the solar energy required value of each day are as follows: Obtain the inlet and outlet water temperature difference, total stored water mass, and specific heat capacity of the liquid in the heat storage device in real time, calculate the current stored energy value Xnz of the heat storage device, and analyze and obtain the available energy value Kgz for each day with the total energy value ZQ, the energy loss value Nsx of the heat storage device, and the energy loss value Nxz of the circulating pipeline; The power of each user-end water heater and floor heating system connected to the solar heating system and the usage time of each device are obtained on each day, and the power of each device is multiplied by the corresponding usage time, and the sum is calculated to obtain the solar energy demand value of each day.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy loss value analysis steps of the heat storage device are as follows: Obtain the inner tank dirt value, insulation material density value, closed-cell structure value, water tank density deviation value and weather temperature extreme value of the heat storage device information, mark them as nd, bm, bk, sm and tw respectively, perform normalization and take their values, according to the set formula , the energy loss value Nsx of the heat storage device is calculated, where h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, h7, h8 and h9 are all set weight factor coefficients.

[0014] Furthermore, the analysis steps of the circulating pipeline energy loss value are as follows: The kinematic viscosity value of the fluid in the circulation pipeline information is obtained by a rotational viscometer, and the fluid velocity is multiplied by the diameter of the circulation pipeline and then divided by the kinematic viscosity value of the fluid to obtain the fluid flow turbulence value; the pipeline curvature and the number of pipe fittings in the circulation pipeline information are obtained, and the sum is obtained to obtain the pipeline bend value; the ambient temperature value, humidity value and wind speed value in the circulation pipeline information are obtained, the humidity value and the wind speed value are summed and divided by the ambient temperature value to obtain the pipeline annular value; the fluid flow distance and the pipeline surface area in the circulation pipeline information are obtained, and the sum is obtained to obtain the pipeline surface value; the fluid flow turbulence value, the pipeline bend value, the pipeline annular value and the pipeline surface value are calculated to obtain the circulation pipeline energy loss value Nxz.

[0015] Furthermore, the auxiliary heating device performs power matching analysis steps as follows: The available energy value of each day is divided by the solar energy demand value of each day to obtain the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system. When the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is greater than or equal to the self-sufficiency threshold value bb of the solar energy system, a signal of sufficient self-sufficiency of the solar energy system is issued. When the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is less than the self-sufficiency threshold value bb of the solar energy system, a signal of insufficient self-sufficiency of the solar energy system is issued, and the auxiliary heating equipment is started. The product of the daily solar energy demand value and the solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold bb is calculated and subtracted from the daily available energy value to obtain a custom value one. The auxiliary heating equipment matches the operating power according to the custom value one and works according to the matched power.

[0016] Furthermore, the reference solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold analysis steps are as follows: When the solar energy demand value of each day is greater than the set energy demand value threshold, it is classified as a first-level energy demand set. When the solar energy demand value of each day is equal to the set energy demand value threshold, it is classified as a second-level energy demand set. When the solar energy demand value of each day is less than the set energy demand value threshold, it is classified as a third-level energy demand set. The reference solar energy system self-sufficiency thresholds bb of the first-level energy demand set, the second-level energy demand set and the third-level energy demand set are set to bb1, bb2 and bb3 respectively, where bb1>bb2>bb3.

[0017] Furthermore, the prediction and analysis steps of the auxiliary heating equipment workload are as follows: The solar energy system self-sufficiency rate of each date corresponding to each year in history is obtained, and the average value is calculated to obtain the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system corresponding to each date. With the date as the horizontal coordinate and the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system as the vertical coordinate, a curve chart of the change of the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is established. The coordinate points of each date are processed by tangent to obtain the slope value of each period. When the slope is greater than zero and the slope is greater than the set reference threshold, the date is divided into marked points, and the statistics of each marked point are sent to the management platform to remind the staff of the marked point date in advance.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention determines and analyzes the collector influence state and solar radiation intensity on the collector information and radiation information to obtain the total energy value in one day, analyzes the energy loss of the heat storage device on the heat storage information to obtain the energy loss value of the heat storage device, and analyzes the energy loss of the circulation pipeline on the circulation information to obtain the energy loss value of the circulation pipeline, which is used to analyze the solar energy demand energy of the user information to obtain the solar energy demand and supply value of each day, and receives the total energy value in one day, the energy loss value of the heat storage device and the energy loss value of the circulation pipeline, and analyzes to obtain the energy value available for each day, and then analyzes the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system and the set threshold value, and performs power matching on the auxiliary heating equipment. It can accurately obtain the energy generated by solar energy and the energy needed for residents' lives from all aspects, and can identify the relationship between the two, and can timely adjust the working power of the auxiliary heating equipment, improve the residents' life experience, and ensure the normal life of residents in winter.

[0019] 2. The present invention predicts the workload of the auxiliary heating equipment through historical data, and can perform maintenance of the auxiliary heating equipment in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the system to a greater extent and reducing the operating cost of the heating equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. The following drawings are not intentionally scaled according to the actual sizes, and the focus is on illustrating the main purpose of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a system block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-altitude solar centralized heating system includes a data acquisition module, a heat collection module, a heat storage module, a circulation module, a control module and a prediction module.

[0024] The data acquisition module is used to collect collector information, radiation information, heat storage information, circulation information and user information, and send it to the heat collection module, heat storage module, circulation module and control module.

[0025] The collector information and radiation information are received through the collector module, and the influence status of the collector and the solar radiation intensity are determined and analyzed to obtain the total energy value within a day. The specific analysis is as follows: The heat collection adjustment factor of the collector is evaluated through the quality assessment of the collector coating, the thermal parameters of the fluid, the optical properties of the vacuum tube, the overall characteristics of the collector and the geometric structure of the vacuum tube. The specific analysis is as follows: By irradiating the surface of the vacuum tube coating with X-rays at different incident angles and different angles, the emitted photoelectron energy and frequency are used to obtain the photoelectron energy spectrum diffraction pattern. The peak position and peak intensity of the photoelectron energy spectrum diffraction pattern are counted. When the peak intensity value of the diffraction pattern is greater than the set threshold, half of the corresponding horizontal axis value is marked as the diffraction angle sj. According to the formula jn=u×(2×sin sj) / (yj×bc), the lattice energy jn of the coating is calculated, where yj is the diffraction order, bc is the X-ray wavelength, and u is the correction factor coefficient. The specific value is determined by personnel in this professional field. A known mass of vacuum tube coating is placed in a calorimeter with a certain amount of water mass ms and burned to obtain the water temperature change value ΔT before and after combustion. According to the formula Sl=ms×ΔT, the combustion release heat Sl is obtained. According to the known stoichiometric equation of the product and compound reaction, the covalent bond energy of the coating is obtained. The vacuum tube coating is dissolved in the corresponding solvent to obtain the solution concentration A polymer solution with a concentration within a certain range is injected into a chromatographic column, and the outflow time of the chromatographic column is counted to obtain the outflow time corresponding to each polymer concentration. A concentration change curve is established with the polymer concentration as the horizontal coordinate and the outflow time as the vertical coordinate. The concentration change curve is fitted with data to obtain a concentration change straight line, and the slope value of the straight line is obtained and marked as the covalent bond polymerization degree of the coating. The lattice energy of the coating, the covalent bond energy of the coating and the covalent bond polymerization degree of the coating are weighted and multiplied by the corresponding weight factor coefficient to obtain the chemical bond quality grade value of the coating; The coating thickness of the vacuum tube coating at each point in the axial and circumferential directions is obtained by a profilometer, and the average and standard deviation of the thickness are calculated. The standard deviation of the thickness is divided by the average value to obtain the coating mean value; deionized water is added to the vacuum tube coating, and the shape of the droplet on the coating surface is photographed by a camera. The image is grayed to remove noise, and the contour of the droplet is extracted by an edge detection algorithm. The tangent of the droplet contour is made at the contact point between the droplet and the coating surface, and the angle formed by the tangent and the coating surface is obtained and multiplied by the correction factor coefficient to obtain the coating surface dirt value; the stress value of the coating when it is separated from the vacuum tube is obtained by a tensile gauge and marked as the coating adhesion; after normalizing the coating chemical bond quality grade value, coating mean value, coating surface dirt value and coating adhesion, a parallelogram is established by taking the coating chemical bond quality grade value as the side length of the parallelogram and the coating adhesion as the height of the parallelogram, and the center of the parallelogram is taken as the center of the circle. A circle is built inside the parallelogram, and the sum of the coating average difference value and the coating surface dust value is taken as the radius of the circle. The non-overlapping area formed by the parallelogram and the circle is used as a standard for measuring the quality of the collector coating. The fluid thermal parameters include vacuum tube fluid purity, fluid thermal conductivity and fluid specific heat capacity, and the fluid thermal value is obtained by summing them up. The vacuum tube optical properties include the absorptivity, emissivity and transmittance of the vacuum tube. The vacuum tube optical property value is obtained by adding the absorptivity and transmittance of the vacuum tube and subtracting the emissivity. The collector overall characteristics include the vacuum tube heat loss coefficient and the time constant, and the collector integer difference value is obtained by summing them up. The time constant refers to the time required for the collector to reach the final stable temperature a1 from the initial state, where a1 is 63%. The vacuum tube geometric structure includes the vacuum tube diameter and the vacuum tube inner and outer tube spacing value. The vacuum tube inner and outer tube spacing value is subtracted from the set reference spacing value to obtain the absolute value, and then the vacuum tube diameter is subtracted to obtain the vacuum tube geometric partial parameter value. The obtained irregular non-overlapping area, fluid thermal value, vacuum tube optical characteristic value, collector integral value and vacuum tube geometric partial parameter value are normalized and marked as Yc, Lw, Zg, Jy and Jp respectively. According to the set formula , calculate and obtain the collector heat collection adjustment factor Jtz, where tg1, tg2, tg3, tg4 and tg5 are the setting influence weight factor coefficients of the irregular non-overlapping area, fluid thermal value, vacuum tube optical characteristic value, collector integral value and vacuum tube geometric partial parameter value, and their values ​​are 1.11, 2.19, 4.18, 3.25 and 2.15 respectively, e is a natural constant, with a value of 2.718, and λ is a correction factor coefficient, with a value of 0.988; Obtain the atmospheric pressure DP of the plateau solar collector and the solar altitude value tθ. According to the formula Dm = (1 - DP / P0) / costθ, obtain the atmospheric radiation mass value Dm, where P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure. Obtain the aerosol particle size Lj, aerosol content Jh, and relative humidity Xs in the plateau atmosphere. According to the formula: Tm = ρ×e -（Lj+Jh+Xs） , obtain the atmospheric transparency Tm, where ρ is the correction factor coefficient. Obtain the snow reflectance Fs at the location of the plateau solar collector. Obtain the height Bh of the plateau mountain range facing away from the solar collector. When h ≥ Bh×cotθ, the corresponding solar collector is not blocked. When h < Bh×cotθ, the corresponding solar collector is blocked. Statistically obtain the blocking rate Zd of the solar collector. Obtain the light-collecting area Cm of the solar collector. According to the set formula , obtain the solar radiation intensity value Fs, where f1, f2, f3, and f4 are all set weight factor coefficients. Obtain the time t of solar radiation within a day, and mark the solar radiation intensity values at each time period as Fs t , obtain the start time and end time when the installation inclination angle of the collector is the same as the solar altitude angle every day, and mark them as t1 and t2 respectively. The start time and end time when the installation inclination angle of the collector is opposite to the solar altitude angle every day are marked as t3 and t4 respectively, and calculate them with the heat collection adjustment factor Jtz of the collector. According to the formula , obtain the total energy value ZQ within a day, where g1 and g2 are the correction factor coefficients when the installation inclination angle of the collector is the same as and opposite to the solar altitude angle, and g1 > g2, with values of 5.61 and 2.12 respectively; The heat storage module analyzes the energy loss of the heat storage device by receiving heat storage information, and obtains the energy loss value of the heat storage device. The specific analysis is as follows: Obtain the inner tank dirt value, insulation material density value, closed-cell structure value, water tank tightness deviation value, and extreme weather temperature difference value of the heat storage device information, and mark them as nd, bm, bk, sm, and tw respectively. Perform normalization processing and take their numerical values. According to the set formula , calculate to obtain the energy loss value Nsx of the heat storage device, where h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, h7, h8, and h9 are all set weight factor coefficients, and h1 > h6, h5 > h9, h3 < h7, h4 > h8, and a1 is the natural constant with a value of 0.125. When the insulation material density value is between 30 - 50 kg / m³, the insulation performance is good; It should be noted that the liner dirt value refers to the concentration and value of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the water tank; the closed-cell structure value is the ratio of the closed-cell value of the insulation material to the total void area; the water tank density deviation value refers to the amplitude of the pressure drop over a period of time when the pressure pump injects air into the water tank to increase the pressure; the weather temperature extreme difference value refers to the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures in a day; The circulation module receives circulation information, analyzes the energy loss of the circulation pipeline, and obtains the energy loss value of the circulation pipeline. The specific analysis is as follows: The kinematic viscosity value of the fluid in the circulation pipeline information is obtained by a rotational viscometer, and the fluid velocity is multiplied by the diameter of the circulation pipeline and then divided by the kinematic viscosity value of the fluid to obtain the fluid flow turbulence value; the pipeline curvature and the number of pipe fittings in the circulation pipeline information are obtained and summed to obtain the pipeline bending value; the ambient temperature value, humidity value and wind speed value in the circulation pipeline information are obtained, and the humidity value and wind speed value are summed and divided by the ambient temperature value to obtain the pipeline annular value; the fluid flow distance and pipeline surface area in the circulation pipeline information are obtained, and summed to obtain the pipeline surface value; the fluid flow turbulence value, pipeline curvature value, and wind speed value are added together to obtain the pipeline surface value. The pipe bending value, pipe annular value and pipe surface value are marked as Lt, Wj, Hy and Ml respectively, and normalized. According to the set formula model Nxz=β×(pp2×Wj+pp3×Hy+pp4×Ml) / (pp1×Lt), the circulating pipe energy loss value Nxz is obtained. pp1, pp2, pp3 and pp4 are the weight factor coefficients set for the fluid flow turbulence value, pipe bending value, pipe annular value and pipe surface value respectively. The specific values ​​are determined by personnel in this professional field. β is the set correction factor coefficient to promote the accuracy of calculation. The control module receives user information, analyzes the solar energy demand, obtains the solar energy demand value for each day, receives the total energy value, the energy loss value of the heat storage device and the energy loss value of the circulation pipeline in one day, analyzes and obtains the energy value available for each day, and then analyzes the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system and the set threshold value, and performs power matching for the auxiliary heating equipment; Obtain the inlet and outlet water temperature difference ΔT1, the total stored water mass sm, and the specific heat capacity yc of the liquid in the heat storage device in real time. According to the formula Xnz=ΔT1×sm×yc, obtain the current stored energy value Xnz of the heat storage device, and add it to the total energy value ZQ, the energy loss value Nsx of the heat storage device, and the energy loss value Nxz of the circulating pipeline in one day. According to the set formula Kgz=Φ×(ZQ-Nsx-Nxz+Xnz), obtain the available energy value Kgz for each day. Φ is the correction factor coefficient, and the specific value is determined by personnel in this professional field. Obtain the power of each user-end water heater and floor heating system connected to the solar heating system and the usage time of each device on each day, and multiply the power of each device by the corresponding usage time, and calculate the sum to obtain the solar energy demand value of each day; The available energy value of each day is divided by the solar energy demand value of each day to obtain the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system. The self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is compared with the set reference solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold value bb. When the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is greater than or equal to the solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold value bb, a solar energy system self-sufficiency sufficient signal is issued, and no operation is performed. When the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is less than the solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold value bb, a solar energy system self-sufficiency insufficient signal is issued, and the auxiliary heating equipment is started. The product value of the daily solar energy demand value and the solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold value bb is calculated and subtracted from the daily available energy value to obtain a custom value one. The auxiliary heating equipment matches the operating power according to the custom value one, and works according to the matched power. Further reference to the specific setting steps of the solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold bb are as follows: Compare the solar energy demand value of each day with the set demand energy value threshold. When the solar energy demand value of each day is greater than the set demand energy value threshold, it is classified as a primary energy demand set. When the solar energy demand value of each day is equal to the set demand energy value threshold, it is classified as a secondary energy demand set. When the solar energy demand value of each day is less than the set demand energy value threshold, it is classified as a tertiary energy demand set. The reference solar energy system self-sufficiency thresholds bb of the primary energy demand set, the secondary energy demand set and the tertiary energy demand set are set to bb1, bb2 and bb3, respectively, where bb1>bb2>bb3, and the specific values ​​are 1.4, 1.2 and 1.1; The prediction module is used to predict the workload of the auxiliary heating equipment through historical data; The solar energy system self-sufficiency rate of each date corresponding to each year in history is obtained, and the average value is calculated to obtain the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system corresponding to each date. With the date as the horizontal coordinate and the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system as the vertical coordinate, a curve chart of the change of the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is established, and the coordinate points of each date are processed by tangent to obtain the slope value of each period. When the slope is greater than zero and the slope is greater than the set reference threshold, the date is divided into marked points, and the statistics of each marked point are sent to the management platform to remind the staff in advance that the power of the auxiliary heating equipment on the marked point date needs to be increased, and the maintenance of the auxiliary heating equipment is done in advance.

[0026] The above is an explanation of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation thereof. Although several exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present invention. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims. It should be understood that the above is an explanation of the present invention and should not be considered as being limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and modifications to the disclosed embodiments and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. The present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high altitude solar centralized heating system, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition module is used to collect collector information, radiation information, heat storage information, circulation information and user information, and send it to the heat collection module, heat storage module, circulation module and control module accordingly; The heat collection module is used to analyze the collector information and radiation information to determine the collector impact status and solar radiation intensity, and obtain the total energy value within a day; A heat storage module, used to analyze the energy loss of the heat storage device based on the heat storage information to obtain the energy loss value of the heat storage device; The circulation module analyzes the circulation pipeline energy loss of the circulation information to obtain the circulation pipeline energy loss value; The control module is used to analyze the solar energy demand based on the user information, obtain the solar energy demand value for each day, and receive the total energy value, the energy loss value of the heat storage device and the energy loss value of the circulation pipeline in one day, analyze and obtain the energy value available for each day, and then analyze the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system and the set threshold value, and perform power matching for the auxiliary heating equipment; The prediction module is used to predict the workload of the auxiliary heating equipment through historical data.

2. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for analyzing the total energy value in one day are as follows: Obtain the atmospheric pressure DP and solar altitude value tθ of the plateau solar collector. According to the formula Dm = (1 - DP / P0) / costθ, obtain the atmospheric radiation quality value Dm, where P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure. Obtain the aerosol particle size Lj, aerosol content Jh, and relative humidity Xs in the plateau atmosphere. According to the formula Tm = ρ×e -（Lj+Jh+Xs） , obtain the atmospheric transparency Tm, where ρ is the correction factor coefficient. Obtain the snow reflectivity Fs at the plateau solar collector. Obtain the height Bh of the plateau mountain range facing away from the solar collector. When h≥Bh×cotθ, the corresponding solar collector is not blocked. When h<Bh×cotθ, the corresponding solar collector is blocked. Statistically obtain the blocking rate Zd of the solar collector. Obtain the daylighting area Cm of the solar collector, and calculate to obtain the solar radiation intensity value Fs. Obtain the time t of solar radiation within a day, and mark the solar radiation intensity values at each time period as Fs t , obtain the start time and end time when the installation inclination angle of the collector is the same as the solar altitude angle every day, and the start time and end time when the installation inclination angle of the collector is opposite to the solar altitude angle every day, and calculate with the heat collection adjustment factor Jtz of the collector to obtain the total energy value ZQ within a day.

3. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps for analyzing the heat collection adjustment factor of the collector are as follows: The fluid thermal parameters include vacuum tube fluid purity, fluid thermal conductivity and fluid specific heat capacity, and the sum of them is the fluid thermal value; the vacuum tube optical properties include vacuum tube absorptivity, emissivity and transmittance, and the vacuum tube optical properties are obtained by adding the vacuum tube absorptivity and transmittance and subtracting the emissivity; the collector overall characteristics include vacuum tube heat loss coefficient and time constant, and the sum of them is the collector integral value, where the time constant refers to the time required for the collector to reach the final stable temperature a1 from the initial state; the vacuum tube geometric structure includes the vacuum tube diameter and the vacuum tube inner and outer tube spacing value, and the vacuum tube inner and outer tube spacing value is subtracted from the set reference spacing value to obtain the absolute value, and then the vacuum tube diameter is subtracted to obtain the vacuum tube geometric partial parameter value; The obtained irregular non-overlapping area, fluid thermal value, vacuum tube optical characteristic value, collector integral value and vacuum tube geometric partial parameter value are calculated to obtain the collector's heat collection adjustment factor Jtz.

4. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps for analyzing the irregular non-overlapping area are as follows: The coating thickness of the vacuum tube coating at each point in the axial and circumferential directions is obtained by a profilometer, and the coating uniformity value is obtained by analysis; ionized water is added to the vacuum tube coating, and the shape of the droplet on the coating surface is photographed by a camera, the image is grayed, the noise is removed, and the contour of the droplet is extracted by an edge detection algorithm. The tangent of the droplet contour is made at the contact point between the droplet and the coating surface, and the angle formed by the tangent and the coating surface is obtained and multiplied by the correction factor coefficient to obtain the coating surface dirt value; the stress value of the coating when it is separated from the vacuum tube is obtained by a tensile gauge and marked as the coating adhesion; after normalizing the coating chemical bond quality grade value, coating uniformity value, coating surface dirt value and coating adhesion, a parallelogram is established by taking the coating chemical bond quality grade value as the side length of the parallelogram and the coating adhesion as the height of the parallelogram, and the center of the parallelogram is taken as the center of the circle, a circle is established inside the parallelogram, and the sum of the coating uniformity value and the coating surface dirt value is taken as the radius of the circle, and the non-overlapping area formed by the parallelogram and the circle is used as the standard for measuring the quality of the collector coating.

5. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps for analyzing the chemical bond quality level of the coating are as follows: By irradiating the surface of the vacuum tube coating with X-rays at different incident angles and different angles, the emitted photoelectron energy and frequency are used to obtain the photoelectron energy spectrum diffraction pattern. The peak position and peak intensity of the photoelectron energy spectrum diffraction pattern are counted. When the peak intensity value of the diffraction pattern is greater than the set threshold, half of the corresponding horizontal axis value is marked as the diffraction angle sj, and the lattice energy jn of the coating is calculated. A known mass of vacuum tube coating is placed in a calorimeter with a certain amount of water mass ms and burned to obtain the water temperature change value ΔT before and after combustion. According to the formula Sl=ms×ΔT, the combustion release heat Sl is obtained. According to the known stoichiometric equation of the product and compound reaction, the coating is obtained. Covalent bond energy, dissolve the vacuum tube coating in the corresponding solvent to obtain a polymer solution with a solution concentration within a certain range, inject the coating polymer solution into the chromatographic column, count the time for the chromatographic column to flow out, and obtain the efflux time corresponding to each polymer concentration. Use the polymer concentration as the horizontal coordinate and the efflux time as the vertical coordinate to establish a concentration change curve graph, perform data fitting on the concentration change curve graph to obtain a concentration change straight line, obtain the slope value of the straight line, and mark it as the coating covalent bond polymerization degree, perform weighted calculation on the coating lattice energy, coating covalent bond energy and coating covalent bond polymerization degree, and multiply by the corresponding weight factor coefficient to obtain the coating chemical bond quality grade value.

6. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for analyzing the available energy value and the solar energy demand value for each day are as follows: Obtain the inlet and outlet water temperature difference, total stored water mass, and specific heat capacity of the liquid in the heat storage device in real time, calculate the current stored energy value Xnz of the heat storage device, and analyze and obtain the available energy value Kgz for each day with the total energy value ZQ, the energy loss value Nsx of the heat storage device, and the energy loss value Nxz of the circulating pipeline; The power of each user-end water heater and floor heating system connected to the solar heating system and the usage time of each device are obtained on each day, and the power of each device is multiplied by the corresponding usage time, and the sum is calculated to obtain the solar energy demand value of each day.

7. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy loss value analysis steps of the heat storage device are as follows: Obtain the inner tank dirt value, insulation material density value, closed-cell structure value, water tank density deviation value and weather temperature extreme value of the heat storage device information, mark them as nd, bm, bk, sm and tw respectively, perform normalization and take their values, according to the set formula , the energy loss value Nsx of the heat storage device is calculated, where h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, h7, h8 and h9 are all set weight factor coefficients.

8. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The analysis steps of the circulating pipeline energy loss value are as follows: The kinematic viscosity value of the fluid in the circulation pipeline information is obtained by a rotational viscometer, and the fluid velocity is multiplied by the diameter of the circulation pipeline and then divided by the kinematic viscosity value of the fluid to obtain the fluid flow turbulence value; the pipeline curvature and the number of pipe fittings in the circulation pipeline information are obtained, and the sum is performed to obtain the pipeline bending value; Obtain the ambient temperature value, humidity value and wind speed value in the circulation pipeline information, sum the humidity value and wind speed value and divide them by the ambient temperature value to obtain the pipeline annular value; obtain the fluid flow distance and pipeline surface area in the circulation pipeline information, sum them up, and obtain the pipeline surface value; The fluid flow turbulence value, pipeline bend value, pipeline annular value and pipeline surface value are calculated to obtain the circulating pipeline energy loss value Nxz.

9. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of power matching analysis of the auxiliary heating device are as follows: The available energy value of each day is divided by the solar energy demand value of each day to obtain the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system. When the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is greater than or equal to the self-sufficiency threshold value bb of the solar energy system, a signal of sufficient self-sufficiency of the solar energy system is issued. When the self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is less than the self-sufficiency threshold value bb of the solar energy system, a signal of insufficient self-sufficiency of the solar energy system is issued, and the auxiliary heating equipment is started. The product of the daily solar energy demand value and the solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold bb is calculated and subtracted from the daily available energy value to obtain a custom value one. The auxiliary heating equipment matches the operating power according to the custom value one and works according to the matched power.

10. A high altitude solar concentrated heating system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps of analyzing the reference solar energy system self-sufficiency threshold are as follows: When the solar energy demand value of each day is greater than the set demand energy value threshold, it is classified as a primary energy demand set; when the solar energy demand value of each day is equal to the set demand energy value threshold, it is classified as a secondary energy demand set; when the solar energy demand value of each day is less than the set demand energy value threshold, it is classified as a tertiary energy demand set. The reference solar energy system self-sufficiency thresholds bb of the primary energy demand set, the secondary energy demand set and the tertiary energy demand set are set to bb1, bb2 and bb3, respectively, where bb1>bb2>bb3; The forecasting and analysis steps of the auxiliary heating equipment workload are as follows: The solar energy system self-sufficiency rate of each date corresponding to each year in history is obtained, and the average value is calculated to obtain the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system corresponding to each date. With the date as the horizontal coordinate and the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system as the vertical coordinate, a curve chart of the change of the average self-sufficiency rate of the solar energy system is established. The coordinate points of each date are processed by tangent to obtain the slope value of each period. When the slope is greater than zero and the slope is greater than the set reference threshold, the date is divided into marked points, and the statistics of each marked point are sent to the management platform to remind the staff of the marked point date in advance.

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