Magnetic field measurement method, system, system working method, device, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The present invention discloses a magnetic field measurement method, system, system working method, device, equipment, medium and product. The magnetic field measurement method comprises: applying a first microwave to a nitrogen vacancy NV color center to obtain a first resonance spectrum of the NV color center, wherein the first microwave comprises a microwave having a left-handed circularly polarized component and a right-handed circularly polarized component; applying a second microwave to the NV color center to obtain a second resonance spectrum of the NV color center, wherein the second microwave comprises a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave; referring to the first resonance spectrum, determining the height information of a response peak in the second resonance spectrum; and determining the direction of a magnetic field to be measured according to the height information. The magnetic field measurement method realizes the measurement of the direction of a magnetic field to be measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to a magnetic field measurement method, system, system working method, device, equipment, medium and product. Background Art

[0002] A nitrogen-vacancy color center (NV color center) is a defect formed in the diamond lattice consisting of a nitrogen atom replacing a carbon atom and an adjacent vacancy; NV color centers have unique quantum properties that enable high-sensitivity and high-resolution magnetic field measurements at room temperature.

[0003] Conventional NV color center magnetic measurement equipment usually applies an external magnetic field as a reference to determine the direction of the stray magnetic field generated by the sample, so as to further obtain physical quantities such as the magnetic field vector distribution. However, the measurement of some magnetic samples cannot apply any external magnetic field.

[0004] Therefore, how to determine the direction of the sample's stray magnetic field under zero field is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a magnetic field measurement method, system, system working method, device, equipment, medium and product to achieve measurement of magnetic field direction.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnetic field measurement method, comprising:

[0007] Obtaining a first resonance spectrum of the NV color center by applying a first microwave to the NV color center, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circular polarization component and a right-handed circular polarization component;

[0008] Obtaining a second resonance spectrum of the NV color center by applying a second microwave to the NV color center, wherein the second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave;

[0009] Referring to the first resonance spectrum, determining the height information of the response peak in the second resonance spectrum;

[0010] The direction of the magnetic field to be measured is determined according to the high and low information.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnetic field measurement system, comprising:

[0012] Host computer, measurement module, microwave module, acquisition module and excitation light module;

[0013] The host computer is connected to the microwave module, the excitation light module and the acquisition module respectively, and is used to control the microwave module to generate a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circularly polarized component and a right-handed circularly polarized component, and the second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave;

[0014] The microwave module is used to generate the first microwave and the second microwave which are applied to the measuring module;

[0015] The host computer is also used to control the excitation light module to excite the spin transition of the measurement module;

[0016] The excitation light module is used to excite the spin transition of the measurement module;

[0017] The acquisition module is used to acquire the fluorescence signal of the transition radiation of the measurement module and transmit the demodulated fluorescence signal to the host computer;

[0018] The host computer is further used to obtain a first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave based on the demodulated fluorescence signal.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnetic field measurement system, comprising:

[0020] A host computer, a microwave radiation structure, a microwave control module, a measurement module, a collection module and a light source module; the host computer is connected to the microwave control module, the light source module and the collection module respectively, the microwave radiation structure includes two metal wires, and the measurement module is arranged in a coplanar area of ​​the metal wires;

[0021] The host computer is used to control the microwave control module to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires;

[0022] The microwave control module is used to input a microwave signal to each metal wire respectively;

[0023] The microwave radiation structure is used to generate a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module, the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-hand circular polarization component and a right-hand circular polarization component, and the second microwave includes a left-hand circular polarization microwave or a right-hand circular polarization microwave;

[0024] The light source module is used to generate laser light for irradiating the measuring module so that the measuring module generates fluorescence;

[0025] The acquisition module is used to acquire the fluorescence signal of the measurement module and transmit the fluorescence signal to the host computer;

[0026] The host computer is further used to obtain a first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave based on the fluorescence signal.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, a system working method is provided, which is applied to the magnetic field measurement system provided by the present invention, and the method comprises:

[0028] Controlling the microwave control module by the host computer to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires;

[0029] Inputting a microwave signal to each metal wire through the microwave control module;

[0030] generating, by the microwave radiation structure, a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-hand circular polarization component and a right-hand circular polarization component, and the second microwave includes a left-hand circular polarization microwave or a right-hand circular polarization microwave;

[0031] generating a laser beam for irradiating the measuring module through a light source module, so that the measuring module generates fluorescence;

[0032] Collecting the fluorescence signal of the measuring module through the acquisition module, and transmitting the fluorescence signal to the host computer;

[0033] A first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave are acquired by a host computer based on the fluorescence signal.

[0034] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnetic field measuring device, comprising:

[0035] A first acquisition module, configured to acquire a first resonance spectrum of a nitrogen vacancy NV color center by applying a first microwave to the NV color center, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circular polarization component and a right-handed circular polarization component;

[0036] a second acquisition module, configured to acquire a second resonance spectrum of the NV color center by applying a second microwave to the NV color center, wherein the second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave;

[0037] A first determination module, configured to determine height information of a response peak in the second resonance spectrum by referring to the first resonance spectrum;

[0038] The second determination module is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field to be measured according to the high and low information.

[0039] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0040] at least one processor; and

[0041] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0042] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor. The computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the method described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the method described in any embodiment of the present invention when executed.

[0044] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product comprises a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method of any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0045] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is to obtain a first resonance spectrum of the nitrogen vacancy NV color center by applying a first microwave to the NV color center. A second resonance spectrum of the NV color center is obtained by applying a second microwave to the NV color center. Then, the height information of the response peak in the second resonance spectrum is determined with reference to the first resonance spectrum; and the direction of the magnetic field to be measured is determined according to the height information. The measurement of the direction of the magnetic field to be measured is achieved.

[0046] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a magnetic field measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of NV color center spin energy levels provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 is a CW spectrum of an NV color center under microwaves with different circular polarization components provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave link system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave radiation structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the direction and intensity of a microwave electric field at different phases provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.12 is a structural schematic diagram of another microwave radiation structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of directions and intensities of microwave electric fields at different phases provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of a CW spectrum provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.15 is a flow chart of a system working method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.16 is a structural schematic diagram of a magnetic field measuring device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0067] A nitrogen vacancy center (NV center) is a defect formed in the diamond lattice, consisting of a nitrogen atom replacing a carbon atom and an adjacent vacancy. NV centers have unique quantum properties that enable high-sensitivity and high-resolution magnetic field measurements at room temperature. The basic principle of NV center magnetic field measurement is that the NV center has three energy levels in the ground state of the electron spin state: (m s =0)、(m s =+1) and (m s =-1), with zero field splitting D = 2870MHz, in the absence of external magnetic field, m s =±1, the two energy levels are degenerate; when the NV senses a magnetic field, the energy level undergoes Zeeman splitting, and the size of the splitting is related to the axial component of the magnetic field in the NV. Experimentally, the size of the energy level splitting can be detected by the ODMR spectrum (or CW spectrum) obtained by optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR), so as to know the size of the magnetic field in the NV direction. Among them, the resonance spectrum obtained by applying continuous laser and microwave is called CW-ODMR, or CW spectrum for short.

[0068] Generally, when the NV axis has a magnetic field component, the m can be measured simultaneously through the CW spectrum. s =0 to m s = +1 transition peak and m s =0 to m s=-1, the distance between the two peaks is only related to the magnitude of the magnetic field, and has nothing to do with the direction. The spectral line signals obtained when the magnetic field is reversed are consistent, so it is impossible to determine the direction of the magnetic field component parallel to the axial direction. Conventional NV color center magnetic measurement equipment usually applies an external magnetic field as a reference to determine the direction of the stray magnetic field generated by the sample, so as to further obtain physical quantities such as the magnetic field vector distribution. However, the measurement of some magnetic samples cannot apply any external magnetic field, such as soft magnetic materials with very low coercive force, and the external magnetic field will destroy the original magnetic structure. How to realize the stray magnetic field imaging of the sample and obtain the relative magnetic field direction under zero field (such as no preset magnetic field applied in the sample environment) is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0069] Based on the above problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a NV color center zero-field magnetic measurement or imaging system and method.

[0070] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a magnetic field measurement method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to measuring the direction of a magnetic field. The method can be performed by a magnetic field measurement device. The magnetic field measurement device can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The magnetic field measurement device can be configured in an electronic device, and the electronic device can be a mobile phone, a computer, etc. The electronic device can be a host computer in a magnetic field measurement system, or a separately set device for measuring the direction of a magnetic field to be measured.

[0071] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of NV color center spin energy levels according to an embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2 The magnetic field measurement method provided by the present invention utilizes circularly polarized microwaves to selectively excite NV energy levels. Circularly polarized microwaves only excite m s =0 to m s =+1 transition or m s =0 to m s =-1 transition, the ODMR signal has only one resonance peak. Therefore, when measuring the magnetic field of the sample, the position of the resonance peak can be used to easily determine the relative direction of the sample's stray magnetic field.

[0072] Specific methods such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0073] S110, obtaining a first resonance spectrum of a nitrogen vacancy NV color center by applying a first microwave to the NV color center.

[0074] The first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circularly polarized component and a right-handed circularly polarized component. The first resonance spectrum may be a resonance spectrum obtained after applying the first microwave, such as a CW spectrum. The CW spectrum may be a frequency spectrum for obtaining the intensity of the fluorescence signal by microwave frequency scanning, that is, the horizontal axis is a microwave frequency-related parameter, and the vertical axis is a fluorescence signal intensity-related parameter. Microwave frequency scanning may refer to detecting the magnetic resonance of the NV color center by changing the frequency of the microwave in an ODMR experiment. By scanning different microwave frequencies, a CW spectrum may be obtained.

[0075] A first microwave having both a left-handed circularly polarized component and a right-handed circularly polarized component is applied to the NV color center to obtain the CW spectrum 1 of the NV color center. It is ensured as much as possible that both the left-handed circularly polarized component and the right-handed circularly polarized component can make the specific spin state of the NV color center reach the saturated transition state, while avoiding oversaturation and deteriorating the fluorescence excitation of the NV color center, in order to ensure that both resonance peaks in the CW spectrum 1 reach the optimal contrast. The optimal contrast can be characterized based on the distance between the two resonance peaks in the frequency direction.

[0076] This operation can control the magnetic field measurement system to apply a first microwave to the NV color center to obtain a first resonance spectrum. The NV color center can be located on a sample, and the sample is in a zero-field environment. By applying the first microwave to the NV color center, the fluorescence of the NV color center transition radiation is obtained, and the first resonance spectrum of the magnetic field to be measured is obtained by microwave frequency sweeping.

[0077] In this embodiment, the intensity of the magnetic field to be measured can also be obtained according to the CW spectrum 1. The magnetic field to be measured can be considered as the magnetic field to be measured. The magnetic field to be measured can be the stray magnetic field of the sample.

[0078] In one embodiment, both resonance peaks in the first resonance spectrum reach a contrast ratio that meets a preset condition.

[0079] The preset condition can be considered as a pre-set condition to measure whether the contrast between the two resonance peaks meets the requirements. The preset condition can be considered as the difference between the frequencies of the two resonance peaks by at least a set distance, so as to facilitate the subsequent determination of whether the response peak is a peak with a higher frequency or a peak with a lower frequency.

[0080] S120, obtaining a second resonance spectrum of the NV color center by applying a second microwave to the NV color center.

[0081] The second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave. The second resonance spectrum can be considered as a resonance spectrum obtained after applying the second microwave to the NV color center, such as a CW spectrum.

[0082] In this operation, left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized microwaves are applied to the NV center to obtain the second resonance spectrum of the NV center, such as CW spectrum 2.

[0083] This operation can control the magnetic field measurement system to apply a second microwave to the NV color center to obtain a second resonance spectrum. By applying a second microwave to the NV color center, the fluorescence of the NV color center transition radiation is obtained, and the second resonance peak of the magnetic field to be measured is obtained by microwave frequency sweeping.

[0084] S130 , referring to the first resonance spectrum, determining height information of a response peak in the second resonance spectrum.

[0085] The response peak can be obtained after exciting the electron spin in one rotation direction. The high and low information can be considered as information characterizing whether the response peak is a peak with a higher frequency or a peak with a lower frequency in response to the second microwave.

[0086] In this operation, there are two resonance peaks in the first resonance peak, and the two resonance peaks can have a better contrast. By referring to the positions of the two resonance peaks in the first resonance peak, it is determined whether the response peak in the second resonance spectrum is a peak with a higher frequency or a peak with a lower frequency, so as to achieve the determination of high and low information.

[0087] In one example, by comparing CW spectrum 1, it is determined whether the response peak in CW spectrum 2 is a peak with a higher frequency or a peak with a lower frequency, thereby determining the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0088] In this operation, when judging the frequency of the response peak, it can be determined whether the response peak is a higher frequency peak or a lower frequency peak based on the frequency corresponding to the response peak and which resonance peak in the first resonance spectrum it is closer to.

[0089] Figure 3 is a CW spectrum of NV color center under different circular polarization component microwaves provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; see Figure 3 , the ordinate is the fluorescence intensity of the NV color center, and the abscissa is the microwave frequency, where the red curve is CW spectrum 1, and the blue or green curve is CW spectrum 2. The blue response peak corresponds to the resonance peak with a lower frequency in the CW1 spectrum, so the response peak is the peak with a lower frequency. The green response peak corresponds to the resonance peak with a higher frequency in the CW1 spectrum, so the response peak is the peak with a higher frequency.

[0090] S140: Determine the direction of the magnetic field to be measured according to the height information.

[0091] After determining the high and low information, this operation can combine the high and low information with the predefined direction of the magnetic field to determine the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0092] This embodiment does not limit how to predefine the direction of the magnetic field. For example, it can be determined based on the frequency of the response peak and whether the microwave responded by the response peak is left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization.

[0093] This operation can be combined with the predefined direction of the magnetic field to query the direction of the magnetic field to be measured corresponding to the high and low information in this embodiment.

[0094] In one embodiment, determining the direction of the magnetic field to be measured according to the high and low information includes:

[0095] The direction of the magnetic field to be measured corresponding to the high and low information is determined with reference to the preset magnetic field direction.

[0096] The preset magnetic field direction may be a preset magnetic field direction. Based on the preset magnetic field direction, the measurement of the magnetic field direction to be measured can be achieved.

[0097] In this embodiment, when referring to the preset magnetic field direction, the direction preset by the high and low information in the preset magnetic field direction can be determined, and the direction is determined as the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0098] The means for presetting the direction of the magnetic field is not limited here, and the direction of the magnetic field can be defined based on the frequency of the response peak and the microwaves to which the response peak responds.

[0099] In one embodiment, the preset magnetic field direction includes:

[0100] In the case where a resonance peak of a first frequency in the resonance spectrum responds to left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, or a resonance peak of a second frequency in the resonance spectrum responds to right-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, the direction of the magnetic field is positive;

[0101] In the case where the resonance peak of the second frequency in the resonance peak is in response to left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, or the resonance peak of the first frequency in the resonance spectrum is in response to right-hand circularly polarized radiation, the direction of the magnetic field is negative;

[0102] The first frequency is lower than the second frequency.

[0103] The first frequency and the second frequency can be considered as information measuring whether the resonance peak is a lower frequency peak or a higher frequency peak.

[0104] In the case where the resonance peak with a lower frequency among the resonance peaks responds to left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, or the resonance peak with a higher frequency among the resonance peaks responds to right-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as positive;

[0105] In the case where a resonance peak with a higher frequency among the resonance peaks responds to left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, or a resonance peak with a lower frequency among the resonance peaks responds to right-hand circularly polarized radiation, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as negative.

[0106] In the process of determining the direction of the magnetic field to be measured based on the high and low information, the second resonance peak and the high and low information can be compared with the preset magnetic field direction. It is determined whether the second resonance peak responds to left-hand circularly polarized microwaves or right-hand circularly polarized microwaves, and this information can be included in the high and low information. Then, it is determined whether the high and low information indicates that the response peak is a peak with a higher frequency or a peak with a lower frequency, so as to determine the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0107] In one example, the preset magnetic field direction may be as follows:

[0108] When the resonance peak with a lower frequency in the NV center CW spectrum responds to left-handed circularly polarized microwave radiation, or the resonance peak with a higher frequency in the NV center CW spectrum responds to right-handed circularly polarized microwave radiation, the direction of the magnetic field to be measured is positive; when the resonance peak with a higher frequency in the NV center CW spectrum responds to left-handed circularly polarized microwave radiation, or the resonance peak with a lower frequency in the NV center CW spectrum responds to right-handed circularly polarized microwave radiation, the direction of the magnetic field to be measured is negative. Positive and negative can be used to characterize whether it is toward the NV center or away from the NV center.

[0109] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is to obtain a first resonance spectrum of the nitrogen vacancy NV color center by applying a first microwave to the NV color center. A second resonance spectrum of the NV color center is obtained by applying a second microwave to the NV color center. Then, the height information of the response peak in the second resonance spectrum is determined with reference to the first resonance spectrum; and the direction of the magnetic field to be measured is determined according to the height information. The measurement of the direction of the magnetic field to be measured is achieved.

[0110] Based on the above embodiment, a variant embodiment of the above embodiment is proposed. It should be noted that in order to make the description concise, only the differences from the above embodiment are described in the variant embodiment.

[0111] In one embodiment, the determining the height information of the response peak in the second resonance spectrum with reference to the first resonance spectrum includes:

[0112] The frequency of the resonance peak corresponding to the response peak in the second resonance spectrum in the first resonance spectrum and the high and low frequency information of the resonance peak included in the first resonance spectrum are determined.

[0113] This embodiment refines the operation of determining high and low information. In the process of determining high and low information, the response peak can be compared with the resonance peak in the first resonance peak to determine which resonance peak the response peak is closer to in the two resonance peaks, and to determine the frequency of the resonance peak closer to the two resonance peaks, thereby obtaining high and low information. Figure 3 Taking as an example, the blue response peak is compared with the two red resonance peaks. The response peak corresponds to the resonance peak on the left, and the frequency of the resonance peak is lower than that of the two resonance peaks. Therefore, the high and low information is determined as the response peak is the resonance peak that responds to the second microwave and is the peak with lower frequency.

[0114] In order to achieve the above-mentioned magnetic field measurement, this embodiment provides a magnetic field measurement system.

[0115] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. The magnetic field measurement method provided by the present invention can use the magnetic field measurement system provided by this embodiment to achieve magnetic field measurement. Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic field measurement system includes:

[0116] Host computer 410, measurement module 420, microwave module 430, acquisition module 440 and excitation light module 450;

[0117] The host computer 410 is connected to the microwave module 430, the excitation light module 450 and the acquisition module 440 respectively, and is used to control the microwave module 430 to generate a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module 420, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circularly polarized component and a right-handed circularly polarized component, and the second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave;

[0118] The microwave module 430 is used to generate the first microwave and the second microwave to be applied to the measuring module 420;

[0119] The host computer 410 is also used to control the excitation light module 450 to excite the spin transition of the measurement module 420;

[0120] The excitation light module 450 is used to excite the spin transition of the measurement module 420;

[0121] The acquisition module 440 is used to acquire the fluorescence signal of the transition radiation of the measurement module 420 and transmit the demodulated fluorescence signal to the host computer 410;

[0122] The host computer 410 is further configured to obtain a first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave based on the demodulated fluorescence signal.

[0123] In this embodiment, the host computer 410 can realize microwave and excitation light control, and can obtain the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum based on the collected demodulated fluorescence signal.

[0124] In this embodiment, the host computer 410 can control the microwave module 430 to generate the first microwave and the second microwave applied to the measurement module 420. The first microwave and the second microwave can be applied in sequence. The measurement module 420 can be set in the magnetic field to be measured, and the magnetic field to be measured can be the magnetic field of the sample. For example, the measurement module 420 is set above the sample.

[0125] Under the control of the host computer 410, the microwave module 430 sequentially generates the first microwave and the second microwave applied to the measurement module 420 to obtain the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum. The device for applying the first microwave and the device for applying the second microwave in the microwave module 430 can be one device or different devices.

[0126] The excitation light module 450 can be considered as a module for exciting the spin transition of the measurement module 420. The excitation light module 450 excites the spin transition of the measurement module 420 under the control of the host computer 410. The acquisition module 440 acquires the fluorescence signal of the transition radiation of the measurement module 420, and demodulates the fluorescence signal. The first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and the second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave can be obtained by microwave frequency sweeping.

[0127] This embodiment does not limit the composition of each module as long as the corresponding functions are achieved. For example, the measurement module 420 may include an NV color center and a tuning fork. The microwave module 430 may include a microwave source, a directional coupler, a microwave switch, a microwave radiation structure, and a polarized antenna. The acquisition module 440 may include a fluorescence collector and a lock-in amplifier. The excitation light module 450 may include an excitation light source.

[0128] In this embodiment, the host computer 410 can also determine the direction of the magnetic field to be measured based on the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum.

[0129] The magnetic field measurement system provided in this embodiment can obtain the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum by applying the first microwave and the second microwave to the measurement module, thereby achieving the measurement of the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0130] Based on the above embodiment, a variant embodiment of the above embodiment is proposed. It should be noted that in order to make the description concise, only the differences from the above embodiment are described in the variant embodiment.

[0131] In one embodiment, the microwave module includes a microwave source, a directional coupler, a microwave switch, a microwave radiation structure and a polarized antenna;

[0132] The microwave source is used to generate microwave signals under the control of the host computer;

[0133] The directional coupler is used to divide the microwave signal into two signals, one signal is input into the microwave radiation structure, and the other signal is input into the polarized antenna;

[0134] The microwave radiation structure is used to apply the first microwave to the measurement module;

[0135] The polarized antenna is used to apply the second microwave to the measurement module;

[0136] The microwave radiation structure and the polarized antenna respectively correspond to a microwave switch, and the microwave switch is used to control the on / off state of the corresponding path.

[0137] In one embodiment, the microwave source can be considered as a device for generating microwave signals. The directional coupler can be considered as a device for implementing microwave signal branching. The microwave radiation structure can be considered as a structure for implementing the application of the first microwave. The polarized antenna can be an antenna for implementing the application of the second microwave. The microwave switch can be considered as a device for implementing the control of the switch state of the path.

[0138] In this embodiment, the microwave source can generate a microwave signal under the control of the host computer. The microwave signal is divided into two signals through a directional coupler, one signal is input to the microwave radiation structure, and the other signal is input to the polarized antenna. The microwave radiation structure and the polarized antenna each correspond to a microwave switch. A microwave switch is set between the microwave radiation structure and the directional coupler to control the path where the microwave radiation structure is located. A microwave switch is set between the polarized antenna and the directional coupler to control the path where the polarized antenna is located. The on-off state of the path can be considered as information to measure whether the path is connected. When the microwave switch is turned on, the on-off state indicates disconnection, and microwaves are not applied to the path. When the microwave switch is closed, the on-off state indicates connection, and microwaves are applied to the path.

[0139] Through the on / off state of the microwave switch, it can be realized whether the microwave radiation structure applies the first microwave to the measurement module or the polarized antenna applies the second microwave to the measurement module.

[0140] In one embodiment, the acquisition module includes a fluorescence collector and a phase-locked amplifier connected to the fluorescence collector;

[0141] The fluorescence collector is used to collect the fluorescence signal of the transition radiation of the measurement module;

[0142] The lock-in amplifier is used to demodulate the fluorescence signal to obtain a demodulated fluorescence signal.

[0143] The fluorescence collector can be considered as the device that collects the fluorescence signal. The lock-in amplifier can demodulate the fluorescence signal.

[0144] In this embodiment, the acquisition module can collect the fluorescence signal of the transition radiation of the measurement module through the fluorescence collector, and then transmit it to the phase-locked amplifier, and demodulate the fluorescence signal through the phase-locked amplifier to obtain a demodulated fluorescence signal. The demodulated fluorescence signal is input into the host computer through the phase-locked amplifier for subsequent processing.

[0145] The fluorescence collector is responsible for collecting the fluorescence signals emitted by the NV center after excitation. These fluorescence signals are related to the electronic spin state of the NV center and can be used to detect magnetic field information. The lock-in amplifier is used to demodulate the fluorescence signal and enhance the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0146] In one embodiment, the magnetic field measurement system further comprises:

[0147] A frequency controller is used to perform frequency modulation on the excitation light of the excitation light module, the first microwave and / or the second microwave.

[0148] The frequency controller can be considered as a device for realizing frequency control. In this embodiment, the frequency controller can realize the control of the frequency of microwaves and excitation light.

[0149] In this embodiment, the excitation light or microwave can be frequency modulated, and then the fluorescence signal can be demodulated by a phase-locked amplifier, thereby eliminating noise interference and improving the detection sensitivity of the fluorescence signal.

[0150] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 and Figure 6 The system provided by the present invention is controlled by a host computer to control the microwave source, and the generated microwave signal is divided into two paths through a directional coupler. One path is input into the microwave radiation structure (also called microwave radiation or radiation result), and non-circularly polarized microwaves (including both left-handed circular polarization components and right-handed circular polarization components) are applied to the NV color center, that is, the first microwave. The other path is input into the polarized antenna (circularly polarized microstrip antenna), and circularly polarized microwaves are applied to the NV color center, that is, the second microwave.

[0151] Before measurement, the relative position and orientation of the polarized antenna and the NV color center need to be adjusted: the microwave path of the microwave radiation structure is turned off by the microwave switch, circularly polarized microwaves are applied to the NV color center by the polarized antenna, and then the orientation of the polarized antenna is adjusted under the preset magnetic field (because the direction adjustment of the NV probe is relatively inconvenient), as well as the position of the polarized antenna or NV probe. After each adjustment, the CW spectrum is obtained until only one response peak appears in the CW spectrum. After the adjustment is completed, the relative position and orientation of the polarized antenna and the NV probe are fixed, and the magnetic field measurement can be performed:

[0152] First, the polarized antenna microwave path is turned off by a microwave switch, and non-circularly polarized microwaves (containing both left-handed circularly polarized components and right-handed circularly polarized components) are applied to the NV color center through the microwave radiation structure. The NV color center spin transition is then stimulated by the excitation light, and the fluorescence radiated by the NV color center transition is obtained by fluorescence collection. The CW spectrum of the magnetic field to be measured can be obtained by microwave frequency scanning1.

[0153] The microwave path of the microwave radiation structure is then closed through a microwave switch, and circularly polarized microwaves are applied to the NV center through a polarized antenna. The excitation light then excites the NV center spin transition, and the fluorescence emitted by the NV center transition is acquired through fluorescence collection. The CW spectrum of the magnetic field to be measured can be measured by microwave frequency scanning2.

[0154] In order to reduce the complexity of the circular polarization microstrip antenna structure, reduce the tediousness of parameter setting, reduce costs, and improve the accurate adjustment directivity of the circular polarization microstrip antenna, the microwave emission direction is consistent with the axial direction of the target NV color center, thereby avoiding the generation of other polarization components. The present invention also provides a magnetic field measurement system.

[0155] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. The magnetic field measurement system provided by this embodiment can be used for the magnetic field measurement method. The magnetic field measurement system provided by this embodiment includes:

[0156] Host computer 710, microwave radiation structure 720, microwave control module 730, measurement module 740, acquisition module 750 and light source module 760; host computer 710 is connected to microwave control module 730, light source module 760 and acquisition module 750 respectively, microwave radiation structure 720 includes two metal wires, and measurement module 740 is arranged in the coplanar area of ​​the metal wires;

[0157] The host computer 710 is used to control the microwave control module 730 to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires;

[0158] The microwave control module 730 is used to input a microwave signal to each metal wire respectively;

[0159] The microwave radiation structure 720 is used to generate a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module 740, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-hand circular polarization component and a right-hand circular polarization component, and the second microwave includes a left-hand circular polarization microwave or a right-hand circular polarization microwave;

[0160] The light source module 760 is used to generate laser light for irradiating the measuring module 740 so that the measuring module 740 generates fluorescence;

[0161] The acquisition module 750 is used to acquire the fluorescence signal of the measurement module 740 and transmit the fluorescence signal to the host computer 710;

[0162] The host computer 710 is further used to obtain a first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave based on the fluorescence signal.

[0163] In this embodiment, the microwave radiation structure 720 includes two metal wires, and the two metal wires can generate a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module 740. The measurement module 740 is disposed in a coplanar region of the metal wires.

[0164] The host computer 710 controls the microwave control module 730 to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires. For example, the host computer 710 can control the microwave control module 730 to generate two microwave signals, each of which is input to a metal wire. The structure of the microwave control module 730 is not limited and may include a microwave source, a splitter, an adjustable phase shifter, an adjustable attenuator, a power amplifier, an attenuator, and an impedance matcher.

[0165] The microwave radiation structure 720 can generate the first microwave and the second microwave. In this embodiment, the microwave radiation structure 720 can be controlled to generate the first microwave and the second microwave by adjusting the parameters of the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module 730.

[0166] The light source module 760 can generate an excitation light such as a laser module, and by generating a laser to the measurement module 70, the measurement module 740 generates a laser, so that the fluorescence signal is collected by the collection module 750, and then the fluorescence signal or the demodulated fluorescence signal is transmitted to the host computer to obtain the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum. For details not yet provided in this embodiment, please refer to the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0167] In this embodiment, the host computer 710 controls the microwave control module 730 to input a microwave signal to the microwave radiation structure 720, and controls the light source module 760 to irradiate a laser to the measurement module 740, so that the measurement module 740 generates fluorescence. The fluorescence signal is collected by the collection module 750, and the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum are determined based on the host computer 710.

[0168] This embodiment does not limit the components included in each module, for example, the measurement module 740 may include a tuning fork and an NV color center, the collection module 750 may include a fluorescence collector, and the light source module 760 may include an excitation light source.

[0169] The magnetic field measurement system provided in this embodiment applies the first microwave and the second microwave to the measurement module through a microwave radiation structure including two metal wires, thereby obtaining the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum, which is convenient for measuring the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0170] Based on the above embodiment, a variant embodiment of the above embodiment is proposed. It should be noted that in order to make the description concise, only the differences from the above embodiment are described in the variant embodiment.

[0171] In one embodiment, the microwave radiation structure is arranged above the sample, the magnetic field generated by the sample is the magnetic field to be measured, and the host computer is further used for:

[0172] The direction of the magnetic field to be measured is determined according to the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum.

[0173] In this embodiment, the microwave radiation structure is disposed above the sample and may or may not be in contact with the sample. The magnetic field generated by the sample, such as the stray magnetic field, may be the magnetic field to be measured.

[0174] In this embodiment, after determining the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum, the host computer can determine the direction of the magnetic field to be measured based on the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum, such as using the magnetic field measurement method provided in this embodiment to achieve measurement of the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0175] In one embodiment, the microwave control module comprises:

[0176] Microwave sources, splitters, adjustable phase shifters, adjustable attenuators, power amplifiers, attenuators and impedance matchers;

[0177] The microwave source is used to generate microwave signals under the control of the host computer;

[0178] The splitter is used to split the microwave signal into two microwave signals, one of the two microwave signals is input into one end of a metal wire via the adjustable phase shifter, and the other microwave signal is input into one end of another metal wire via the adjustable attenuator;

[0179] The other end of each of the metal wires is connected to a corresponding attenuator, and each of the attenuators is connected to a corresponding impedance matcher.

[0180] The splitter can be considered as a device for realizing microwave signal splitting. The adjustable phase shifter can be considered as a device for adjusting the phase. The adjustable attenuator can be considered as a device for adjusting the signal amplitude. The impedance matcher can be a 50 ohm matching device. In one embodiment, the impedance matcher includes a 50 ohm matching device.

[0181] In this embodiment, the microwave source generates a microwave signal under the control of the host computer. The generated microwave signal is divided into two microwave signals through a splitter, one microwave signal is input to one end of a metal wire. The other microwave signal is input to one end of another metal wire. The other ends of the two metal wires are respectively connected to their respective attenuators and impedance matchers.

[0182] In one embodiment, the splitter comprises a directional coupler or a power divider.

[0183] Directional couplers and power dividers can divide microwave signals into two paths and distribute them to different metal wires respectively.

[0184] In one embodiment, the metal wires include straight metal wires, and two of the straight metal wires are perpendicular to each other.

[0185] In this embodiment, the metal wires may be straight wires, and the two straight metal wires are perpendicular to each other.

[0186] In one embodiment, the two straight metal wires cross each other perpendicularly and are connected.

[0187] In this embodiment, two straight metal wires cross each other perpendicularly and are connected at the intersection.

[0188] In one embodiment, the two straight metal wires cross each other perpendicularly and are not connected.

[0189] In this embodiment, the two straight metal wires cross each other perpendicularly and are not connected. The coplanar region of the two straight wires may be the coplanar region except for the unconnected positions.

[0190] This embodiment does not limit the means of disconnection, such as through a crossover, but the position of the crossover is not limited here, and can be any position of the straight wire, such as the middle of two straight wires, or the middle of any straight wire.

[0191] In one embodiment, a bent structure is present in the middle of one of the two straight metal wires, the bent structure is overlapped at the middle of the other straight metal wire, and the two straight metal wires cross each other vertically.

[0192] In this embodiment, the curved structure may be a curved portion of a straight metal wire. The curved structure may be used to achieve that two straight wires are not connected. A straight metal wire may be provided with a curved structure in the middle, i.e., the middle portion, such as the midpoint of the straight wire. The curved structure is overlapped at the middle of another straight metal wire.

[0193] In one embodiment, the measurement module includes an NV color center probe and a tuning fork;

[0194] The NV color center probe is a probe including an NV color center;

[0195] The tuning fork is used to fix the NV color center probe and adjust the position of the NV color center based on atomic force microscopy technology.

[0196] In this embodiment, the NV color center probe may be a probe for setting the NV color center. The position of the NV color center probe may be adjusted based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) under the control of a tuning fork.

[0197] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8The microwave radiation structure is composed of two straight wires (such as copper wires), which are perpendicular to each other and arranged above the sample. When the two straight wires are working and the microwave frequencies radiated are equal, circularly polarized microwaves will be formed in the area near the two straight wires. The specific circularly polarized microwave area depends on the microwave power radiated by the two straight wires at the point (the point where the circularly polarized microwave is located) and the microwave phase difference. When the microwave powers radiated by the two straight wires at this point are equal and the phase difference is 90° (or 270°), circularly polarized microwaves will be formed at this point.

[0198] The present invention uses two metal wires (such as copper wires) to form a microwave radiation structure, and sets the NV color center in the coplanar area (non-vertical intersection) of the two metal wires. The metal wires are easy to straighten and fixed relative to the NV color center, so as to facilitate the movement of the sample for scanning imaging; in addition, there are circularly polarized microwaves of different angles (with a large angle variation range) in the coplanar area of ​​the two metal wires, so it is convenient to make the microwave polarization axis consistent with the axis of the NV color center by adjusting the relative position relationship between the NV color center and the microwave radiation structure (adjusting the position of the NV color center is more convenient than adjusting the axis of the NV color center or the direction of the microwave radiation structure).

[0199] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave link system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; the microwave link system of orthogonal straight wire polarized microwave radiation is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 The microwaves output by the microwave source are divided into two paths through a directional coupler (a power divider can also be used instead of a directional coupler), and the two microwaves are respectively input into the circularly polarized radiation structure composed of two straight wires through an adjustable phase shifter and an adjustable attenuator. Specifically, the two microwave signals are respectively connected to the two straight wires, that is, the first microwave signal is connected to one end of the longitudinal straight wire, and the other end of the longitudinal straight wire is connected to an attenuator and a 50-ohm match; the second microwave signal is connected to one end of the transverse straight wire, and the other end of the transverse straight wire is connected to an attenuator and a 50-ohm match.

[0200] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a microwave radiation structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; see Fig.10 , based on a circularly polarized microwave radiation structure in which two microstrip lines (or conductors) cross vertically, in order to facilitate processing and reduce the thickness of the radiation structure, their crossing points are usually connected together.

[0201] The microwave circular polarization effect of intersecting microstrip lines (or wires) near the intersection (except the exact center of the intersection) needs to be improved. However, since the effective action distance of microwave radiation is very short (usually within 200 microns), in order for the NV color center to receive the microwave radiation from two straight wires at the same time, the NV color center needs to be placed as close as possible to the intersection of the intersecting straight wires.

[0202] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the direction and intensity of a microwave electric field under different phases provided by an embodiment of the present invention; see Fig.11 , under different phases (0°, 90°, 180°, 270°), the direction and intensity of the electric field generated by the circularly polarized microwave radiation structure in which two microstrip lines (or conductors) cross vertically show that although the electric field intensity is large near the intersection, the circular polarization rate is not high, and the axis of the circular polarization has a large angle with the paper surface (i.e., the plane formed by the two straight conductors).

[0203] In order for the NV center to receive microwaves with a single rotation direction (left-handed or right-handed) and high circular polarization, the NV center needs to be set slightly away from the vertical crossing point of the wires. This requires setting a higher microwave power to ensure that the CW spectrum of the NV center has a better contrast; but too high microwave power will cause a decrease in measurement accuracy and generate more noise interference.

[0204] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of another microwave radiation structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 The present invention proposes a microwave radiation structure: a curved structure is provided in the middle of one straight conductor, and the curved structure is overlapped in the middle of another straight conductor, so that the two straight conductors cross vertically but are not connected. Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the direction and intensity of microwave electric field at different phases provided by another embodiment of the present invention. The circularly polarized microwave radiation structure of this structure, under different phases (0°, 90°, 180°, 270°), the direction and intensity of the electric field generated are as follows Fig.13 As shown. The electric field intensity is large near the intersection, and the circular polarization effect is good. The angle between the axis of circular polarization and the paper surface is equal. Therefore, the NV color center can be set closer to the vertical intersection of the wire, thereby reducing the microwave power requirement, improving the measurement accuracy and reducing microwave interference.

[0205] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of a CW spectrum provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; see Fig.14 ,based on Fig.12 The microwave radiation structure of the obtained CW spectrum. Fig.14 The blue CW spectrum is the measurement result of the direction of the positive magnetic field under left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, the green CW spectrum is the measurement result of the direction of the negative magnetic field under left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, and the red spectrum is the measurement result of the intensity of the magnetic field under microwave radiation with both left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized components.

[0206] Fig.15 is a flow chart of a system working method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to Figure 7 The magnetic field measurement system shown in the figure. The system working method provided in this embodiment includes:

[0207] S1510, controlling the microwave control module through the host computer to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires.

[0208] In this operation, the host computer can control the microwave control module to generate microwave signals, and then divide the microwave signals into two paths, respectively inputting them into the corresponding metal wires. In the present invention, the splitter may not be used, and two laser sources may be directly used, each generating a microwave signal input into the metal wire.

[0209] S1520. Input a microwave signal to each metal conductor through the microwave control module.

[0210] Under the control of the host computer, the microwave control module can input a microwave signal to each metal wire to generate the first microwave and the second microwave through the microwave radiation structure.

[0211] S1530. Generate a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module through the microwave radiation structure, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-hand circular polarization component and a right-hand circular polarization component, and the second microwave includes a left-hand circular polarization microwave or a right-hand circular polarization microwave.

[0212] After a microwave signal is input to the microwave radiating structure, the microwave radiating structure may generate first and second microwaves which are applied to the measuring module.

[0213] S1540, generating a laser to illuminate the measuring module through a light source module, so that the measuring module generates fluorescence.

[0214] This operation can generate laser light to illuminate the measurement module through the light source module under the control of the host computer, so that the measurement module generates fluorescence, thereby realizing the collection of fluorescence signals.

[0215] S1550. Collect the fluorescence signal of the measuring module through the acquisition module, and transmit the fluorescence signal to the host computer.

[0216] In this operation, the fluorescence signal of the measuring module can be collected by the collection module, and the fluorescence signal can be transmitted to the host computer to determine the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum.

[0217] S1560 . Obtain, by a host computer based on the fluorescence signal, a first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave.

[0218] After acquiring the fluorescence signal, the host computer can process it to obtain the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum, so as to measure the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0219] The execution order of the steps in this embodiment is not limited.

[0220] The system working method provided in this embodiment can realize the measurement of the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0221] Based on the above embodiment, a variant embodiment of the above embodiment is proposed. It should be noted that in order to make the description concise, only the differences from the above embodiment are described in the variant embodiment.

[0222] In one embodiment, the system working method further includes:

[0223] The phase value of the adjustable phase shifter and the attenuation value of the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module are set by the host computer;

[0224] The position of the measuring module is adjusted to a target position by the host computer, and the peak height difference between two splitting peaks on the third resonance spectrum of the measuring module at the target position reaches a first maximum value;

[0225] The adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator are adjusted by the host computer until the peak height difference between the two splitting peaks on the fourth resonance spectrum of the measurement module reaches a second maximum value;

[0226] The first parameter adjusted by the adjustable phase shifter and the second parameter adjusted by the adjustable attenuator are used to measure the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0227] Before measuring by the above working method, the present embodiment may first determine the parameters of the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator.

[0228] First, the phase value is set for the adjustable phase shifter and the attenuation value is set for the adjustable attenuator through the host computer. Then the position of the measurement module is continuously adjusted through the host computer until the target position is reached. The peak height difference between the two split peaks on the third resonance spectrum of the measurement module at the target position reaches the first maximum value. The third resonance spectrum can be considered as the resonance spectrum of the measurement module at the target position. The first maximum value can be considered as the maximum value that the peak height difference can reach by adjusting the position of the measurement module.

[0229] After the measurement module is adjusted to the target position, the parameters of the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator can be adjusted by the host computer until the peak height difference between the two split peaks of the fourth resonance peak reaches the second maximum value by adjusting the parameters of the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator. The fourth resonance spectrum can be considered to be the resonance spectrum measured when the second maximum value is reached. The fourth maximum value can be considered to be the maximum value that can be reached by adjusting the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator.

[0230] After adjustment, parameters of the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator after adjustment may be recorded to control the first microwave and the second microwave based on the parameters.

[0231] In one embodiment, the attenuation amplitude of the microwave signal of the adjustable phase shifter at the phase value is equal to the attenuation value.

[0232] In this embodiment, the attenuation value is set for the adjustable attenuator by the host computer. Since the attenuation amplitude of the microwave signal of the adjustable phase shifter may vary at different phase values, when the phase value is set for the adjustable phase shifter, the attenuation value of the adjustable attenuator can be set accordingly, so that the attenuation amplitude of the microwave signal of the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator is the same.

[0233] In one embodiment, the controlling the microwave control module by the host computer to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires includes:

[0234] Setting the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter in the microwave control module to the sum of the first parameter and the first setting parameter by the host computer;

[0235] Setting the parameter of the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module to the sum of the second parameter and the second setting parameter by the host computer;

[0236] The host computer controls the microwave source in the microwave control module to generate a microwave signal, so as to generate a first microwave applied to the measurement module through the microwave radiation structure.

[0237] This embodiment refines the method of applying the first microwave. In this embodiment, the parameters of the adjustable phase shifter and the parameters of the adjustable attenuator are set by the host computer. The first setting parameter and the second setting parameter can be pre-set values, and the second setting parameter can be a parameter associated with the parameters and attenuation value of the adjustable phase shifter.

[0238] The value of the first setting parameter is not limited here, as long as the comparison of the two resonance peaks in the CW spectrum can meet the requirements.

[0239] After setting the parameters, the host computer can control the microwave source in the microwave control module to generate a microwave signal. The microwave signal is input into two metal wires of the microwave radiation structure after passing through the splitter, and the microwave radiation structure generates the first microwave applied to the measurement module.

[0240] In one embodiment, the second setting parameter is an attenuation value difference, which is the difference between a first attenuation value and a second attenuation value, the first attenuation value is the attenuation value when the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter is the first parameter, and the second attenuation value is the attenuation value when the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter is the sum of the first parameter and the first setting parameter.

[0241] In this embodiment, the second setting parameter is the difference between the attenuation values ​​when the adjustable phase shifter parameter is the first parameter and when the parameter is the first parameter and the first setting parameter.

[0242] In one embodiment, the controlling the microwave control module by the host computer to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires includes:

[0243] Setting the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter in the microwave control module as a first parameter by the host computer;

[0244] Setting the parameter of the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module as a second parameter by the host computer;

[0245] The host computer controls the microwave source in the microwave control module to generate a microwave signal, so as to generate a second microwave applied to the measurement module through the microwave radiation structure.

[0246] This embodiment refines the means of obtaining the second microwave. In this embodiment, the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter is set as the first parameter and the parameter of the adjustable attenuator is set as the second parameter by the host computer. The microwave source is controlled by the host computer to generate a microwave signal, and the microwave signal is input to two metal wires respectively after being split by the splitter. The microwave radiation structure generates a second microwave applied to the measurement module.

[0247] The following is an exemplary description of the system working method:

[0248] Combination Fig. 9 Before measurement, first debug the position of the NV color center: turn on the microwave source, set the phase value of the adjustable phase shifter and the attenuation value of the adjustable attenuator according to the empirical value (can be set to be equal to the attenuation value of the adjustable phase shifter), that is, set the attenuation amplitude of the microwave signal of the adjustable phase shifter in the microwave control module at the phase value to be equal to the attenuation value through the host computer, and then obtain the CW spectrum of the NV color center on the magnetic sample, adjust the position of the NV color center, obtain the CW spectrum of the NV color center after each adjustment, and adjust it to the peak height difference between the two splitting peaks on the CW spectrum reaches the first maximum value (continue to adjust the position of the NV color center, and it is also impossible to make the peak height difference between the two splitting peaks in the CW spectrum greater than the first maximum value), that is, adjust the position of the measurement module to the target position through the host computer, and the peak height difference between the two splitting peaks on the third resonance spectrum of the measurement module at the target position reaches the first maximum value.

[0249] Then, the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator are adjusted, and the CW spectrum of the NV color center is obtained after each adjustment, and adjusted until the peak height difference between the two splitting peaks on the CW spectrum reaches the second maximum value (continuing the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator cannot make the peak height difference between the two splitting peaks in the CW spectrum greater than the second maximum value, and the second maximum value is greater than or equal to the first maximum value), that is, the adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator are adjusted by the host computer until the peak height difference between the two splitting peaks on the fourth resonance spectrum of the measurement module reaches the second maximum value.

[0250] After adjustment, record the parameters of the adjustable attenuator , that is, the second parameter and the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter , which is the first parameter, can be used to measure the magnetic field:

[0251] 1. Preset: When the adjustable attenuator parameter is , the adjustable phase shifter parameters are , when a resonance peak with a lower frequency (or a higher frequency) in the CW spectrum of the NV color center responds (that is, the contrast of the resonance peak is significantly greater than that of another resonance peak), the direction of the magnetic field to be measured is positive, otherwise it is negative.

[0252] 2. Set the adjustable phase shifter parameters to ( Any value between -180° and 180°, so that the comparison of the two resonance peaks in the CW spectrum meets the experimental requirements; preferably -100° to -80° or 80° to 100°; most preferably -90° and 90°, which can make the two resonance peaks in the CW spectrum reach the optimal comparison), the adjustable attenuator parameter is ( The adjustable phase shifter parameters are When and parameters are The attenuation value difference when the second setting parameter is the attenuation value difference), that is, the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter in the microwave control module is set by the host computer as the sum of the first parameter and the first setting parameter; the parameter of the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module is set by the host computer as the sum of the second parameter and the second setting parameter. Microwaves are applied to the NV color center to obtain the CW spectrum 1 of the NV color center, and the strength of the magnetic field to be measured is obtained according to the CW spectrum 1.

[0253] 3. Set the adjustable attenuator parameters to , the adjustable phase shifter parameters are That is, the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter in the microwave control module is set as the first parameter by the host computer; the parameter of the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module is set as the second parameter by the host computer, microwaves are applied to the NV color center, and the CW spectrum 2 of the NV color center is obtained. By comparing with the CW spectrum 1, it is determined whether the response peak in the CW spectrum 2 is a peak with a higher frequency or a peak with a lower frequency, thereby determining the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

[0254] Fig.16 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic field measuring device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. The magnetic field measuring device provided in this embodiment can be integrated in an electronic device. The magnetic field measuring device includes:

[0255] A first acquisition module 1610 is used to acquire a first resonance spectrum of a nitrogen vacancy NV color center by applying a first microwave to the NV color center, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circular polarization component and a right-handed circular polarization component;

[0256] A second acquisition module 1620 is used to acquire a second resonance spectrum of the NV color center by applying a second microwave to the NV color center, wherein the second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave;

[0257] A first determination module 1630 is used to determine the height information of the response peak in the second resonance spectrum by referring to the first resonance spectrum;

[0258] The second determination module 1640 is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field to be measured according to the high and low information.

[0259] In one embodiment, the first determining module 1630 is specifically configured to:

[0260] The frequency of the resonance peak corresponding to the response peak in the second resonance spectrum in the first resonance spectrum and the high and low frequency information of the resonance peak included in the first resonance spectrum are determined.

[0261] In one embodiment, the second determining module 1640 is specifically configured to:

[0262] The direction of the magnetic field to be measured corresponding to the high and low information is determined with reference to the preset magnetic field direction.

[0263] In one embodiment, the preset magnetic field direction includes:

[0264] In the case where a resonance peak of a first frequency in the resonance spectrum responds to left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, or a resonance peak of a second frequency in the resonance spectrum responds to right-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, the direction of the magnetic field is positive;

[0265] In the case where the resonance peak of the second frequency in the resonance peak is in response to left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, or the resonance peak of the first frequency in the resonance spectrum is in response to right-hand circularly polarized radiation, the direction of the magnetic field is negative;

[0266] The first frequency is lower than the second frequency.

[0267] In one embodiment, both resonance peaks in the first resonance spectrum reach a contrast ratio that meets a preset condition.

[0268] The magnetic field measuring device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the magnetic field measuring method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0269] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0270] like Fig.17 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor 11, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor 11 so that the at least one processor 11 can execute the method provided by the present invention.

[0271] The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 18 into a random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0272] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0273] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a magnetic field measurement method.

[0274] In some embodiments, the magnetic field measurement method may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the magnetic field measurement method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform the magnetic field measurement method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0275] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein may be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard parts (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0276] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0277] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the magnetic field measurement method provided by the present invention when the instructions are executed.

[0278] Computer readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. Computer readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the above. Alternatively, computer readable storage medium can be a machine readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine readable storage mediums can include electrical connections based on one or more lines, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0279] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a cathode ray tube (CRT) or a liquid crystal display (LCD monitor)) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) through which the user may provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0280] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes a backend component (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes a frontend component (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0281] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The relationship between the client and the server is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and virtual private servers (VPS) services.

[0282] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0283] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic field measurement method, characterized in that: include: Obtaining a first resonance spectrum of the nitrogen vacancy NV color center by applying a first microwave to the NV color center, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circular polarization component and a right-handed circular polarization component; Obtaining a second resonance spectrum of the NV color center by applying a second microwave to the NV color center, wherein the second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave; Referring to the first resonance spectrum, determining the height information of the response peak in the second resonance spectrum; The direction of the magnetic field to be measured is determined according to the high and low information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the height information of the response peak in the second resonance spectrum by referring to the first resonance spectrum includes: The frequency of the resonance peak corresponding to the response peak in the second resonance spectrum in the first resonance spectrum and the high and low frequency information of the resonance peak included in the first resonance spectrum are determined.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the direction of the magnetic field to be measured according to the high and low information includes: The direction of the magnetic field to be measured corresponding to the high and low information is determined with reference to the preset magnetic field direction.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The preset magnetic field direction includes: In the case where a resonance peak of a first frequency in the resonance spectrum responds to left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, or a resonance peak of a second frequency in the resonance spectrum responds to right-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, the direction of the magnetic field is positive; In the case where the resonance peak of the second frequency in the resonance peak is in response to left-hand circularly polarized microwave radiation, or the resonance peak of the first frequency in the resonance spectrum is in response to right-hand circularly polarized radiation, the direction of the magnetic field is negative; The first frequency is lower than the second frequency.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The two resonance peaks in the first resonance spectrum both reach a contrast ratio that meets a preset condition.

6. A magnetic field measurement system, characterized in that: include: Host computer, measurement module, microwave module, acquisition module and excitation light module; The host computer is connected to the microwave module, the excitation light module and the acquisition module respectively, and is used to control the microwave module to generate a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circularly polarized component and a right-handed circularly polarized component, and the second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave; The microwave module is used to generate the first microwave and the second microwave which are applied to the measuring module; The host computer is also used to control the excitation light module to excite the spin transition of the measurement module; The excitation light module is used to excite the spin transition of the measurement module; The acquisition module is used to acquire the fluorescence signal of the transition radiation of the measurement module and transmit the demodulated fluorescence signal to the host computer; The host computer is further used to obtain a first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave based on the demodulated fluorescence signal.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The microwave module includes a microwave source, a directional coupler, a microwave switch, a microwave radiation structure and a polarized antenna; The microwave source is used to generate microwave signals under the control of the host computer; The directional coupler is used to divide the microwave signal into two signals, one signal is input into the microwave radiation structure, and the other signal is input into the polarized antenna; The microwave radiation structure is used to apply the first microwave to the measurement module; The polarized antenna is used to apply the second microwave to the measurement module; The microwave radiation structure and the polarized antenna respectively correspond to a microwave switch, and the microwave switch is used to control the on / off state of the corresponding path.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The acquisition module includes a fluorescence collector and a phase-locked amplifier connected to the fluorescence collector; The fluorescence collector is used to collect the fluorescence signal of the transition radiation of the measurement module; The lock-in amplifier is used to demodulate the fluorescence signal to obtain a demodulated fluorescence signal.

9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that Also includes: A frequency controller is used to perform frequency modulation on the excitation light of the excitation light module, the first microwave and / or the second microwave.

10. A magnetic field measurement system, characterized in that: include: A host computer, a microwave radiation structure, a microwave control module, a measurement module, a collection module and a light source module; the host computer is connected to the microwave control module, the light source module and the collection module respectively, the microwave radiation structure includes two metal wires, and the measurement module is arranged in a coplanar area of ​​the metal wires; The host computer is used to control the microwave control module to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires; The microwave control module is used to input a microwave signal to each metal wire respectively; The microwave radiation structure is used to generate a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module, the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-hand circular polarization component and a right-hand circular polarization component, and the second microwave includes a left-hand circular polarization microwave or a right-hand circular polarization microwave; The light source module is used to generate laser light for irradiating the measuring module so that the measuring module generates fluorescence; The acquisition module is used to acquire the fluorescence signal of the measurement module and transmit the fluorescence signal to the host computer; The host computer is further used to obtain a first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave based on the fluorescence signal.

11. The system according to claim 10, characterized in that The microwave radiation structure is arranged above the sample, the magnetic field generated by the sample is the magnetic field to be measured, and the host computer is also used for: The direction of the magnetic field to be measured is determined according to the first resonance spectrum and the second resonance spectrum.

12. The system according to claim 10, characterized in that The microwave control module comprises: Microwave sources, splitters, adjustable phase shifters, adjustable attenuators, power amplifiers, attenuators and impedance matchers; The microwave source is used to generate microwave signals under the control of the host computer; The splitter is used to split the microwave signal into two microwave signals, one of the two microwave signals is input into one end of a metal wire via the adjustable phase shifter, and the other microwave signal is input into one end of another metal wire via the adjustable attenuator; The other end of each of the metal wires is connected to a corresponding attenuator, and each of the attenuators is connected to a corresponding impedance matcher.

13. The system according to claim 12, characterized in that The splitter includes a directional coupler or a power divider.

14. The system according to claim 12, characterized in that The impedance matcher includes a 50 ohm matcher.

15. The system according to claim 10, characterized in that The metal wires include straight metal wires, and two of the straight metal wires are perpendicular to each other.

16. The system according to claim 15, characterized in that The two straight metal wires cross each other vertically and are connected.

17. The system according to claim 15, characterized in that The two straight metal wires cross each other perpendicularly and are not connected.

18. The system according to claim 17, characterized in that A bent structure is present in the middle of one of the two straight metal wires, the bent structure is overlapped at the middle of the other straight metal wire, and the two straight metal wires cross vertically.

19. The system according to claim 10, wherein the measurement module comprises an NV color center probe and a tuning fork; The NV color center probe is a probe including an NV color center; The tuning fork is used to fix the NV color center probe and adjust the position of the NV color center based on atomic force microscopy technology.

20. A system working method, characterized in that: Applied to the magnetic field measurement system according to any one of claims 10 to 19, the method comprises: Controlling the microwave control module by the host computer to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires; Inputting a microwave signal to each metal wire through the microwave control module; generating, by the microwave radiation structure, a first microwave and a second microwave applied to the measurement module, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-hand circular polarization component and a right-hand circular polarization component, and the second microwave includes a left-hand circular polarization microwave or a right-hand circular polarization microwave; generating a laser beam for irradiating the measuring module through a light source module, so that the measuring module generates fluorescence; Collecting the fluorescence signal of the measuring module through the acquisition module, and transmitting the fluorescence signal to the host computer; A first resonance spectrum corresponding to the first microwave and a second resonance spectrum corresponding to the second microwave are acquired by a host computer based on the fluorescence signal.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that Also includes: The phase value of the adjustable phase shifter and the attenuation value of the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module are set by the host computer; The position of the measuring module is adjusted to a target position by the host computer, and the peak height difference between two splitting peaks on the third resonance spectrum of the measuring module at the target position reaches a first maximum value; The adjustable phase shifter and the adjustable attenuator are adjusted by the host computer until the peak height difference between the two splitting peaks on the fourth resonance spectrum of the measurement module reaches a second maximum value; The first parameter adjusted by the adjustable phase shifter and the second parameter adjusted by the adjustable attenuator are used to measure the direction of the magnetic field to be measured.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The attenuation amplitude of the microwave signal of the adjustable phase shifter at the phase value is equal to the attenuation value.

23. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The controlling the microwave control module by the host computer to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires includes: Setting the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter in the microwave control module to the sum of the first parameter and the first setting parameter by the host computer; Setting the parameter of the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module to the sum of the second parameter and the second setting parameter by the host computer; The host computer controls the microwave source in the microwave control module to generate a microwave signal, so as to generate a first microwave applied to the measurement module through the microwave radiation structure.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The second setting parameter is an attenuation value difference, which is the difference between a first attenuation value and a second attenuation value. The first attenuation value is the attenuation value when the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter is the first parameter. The second attenuation value is the attenuation value when the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter is the sum of the first parameter and the first setting parameter.

25. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The controlling the microwave control module by the host computer to input a microwave signal to each of the metal wires includes: Setting the parameter of the adjustable phase shifter in the microwave control module as a first parameter by the host computer; Setting the parameter of the adjustable attenuator in the microwave control module as a second parameter by the host computer; The host computer controls the microwave source in the microwave control module to generate a microwave signal, so as to generate a second microwave applied to the measurement module through the microwave radiation structure.

26. A magnetic field measuring device, characterized in that: include: A first acquisition module, configured to acquire a first resonance spectrum of a nitrogen vacancy NV color center by applying a first microwave to the NV color center, wherein the first microwave includes a microwave having a left-handed circular polarization component and a right-handed circular polarization component; a second acquisition module, configured to acquire a second resonance spectrum of the NV color center by applying a second microwave to the NV color center, wherein the second microwave includes a left-handed circularly polarized microwave or a right-handed circularly polarized microwave; A first determination module, configured to determine height information of a response peak in the second resonance spectrum by referring to the first resonance spectrum; The second determination module is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field to be measured according to the high and low information.

27. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

28. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executed.

29. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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