A water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system and method based on big data

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system and method based on big data, including a water conservancy environment information acquisition module, a risk index weight determination module, a water conservancy environment risk analysis module, and an early warning module; the early warning analysis method includes obtaining water conservancy environment information; determining the weights of water conservancy environment risk indicators in the water conservancy environment risk indicator set based on the analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weights of water conservancy environment attribute risk indicators, the weights of water conservancy environment ecological risk indicators, and the weights of water conservancy environment public health risk indicators; and giving an early warning to the water conservancy environment based on the water conservancy environment attribute risk value, the water conservancy environment ecological risk value, and the water conservancy environment public health risk value. The present invention provides a visual decision support system to help decision-makers intuitively understand the water conservancy environment situation, formulate scientific and reasonable emergency response strategies, evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the plans by simulating emergency response plans under different risk scenarios, and assist decision-makers in quickly formulating emergency response measures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a water environment risk early warning analysis system and method, and particularly to a water environment risk early warning analysis system and method based on big data. Background Art

[0002] In the water environment, the data types involved in risk early warning are diverse, including but not limited to hydrological data, meteorological data, geospatial data, environmental monitoring data, etc. With the rapid development of big data technology, its applications in various fields are becoming increasingly extensive, bringing new opportunities for water environment risk early warning. These data usually have the characteristics of wide spatio-temporal distribution, large data volume, and complex data types.

[0003] Traditional data processing and analysis methods often have difficulty effectively coping with these challenges, resulting in large uncertainties and errors in early warning results. Traditional water environment risk early warning mainly relies on limited historical data and empirical judgments, and it is difficult to comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual risk situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: The object of the present invention is to provide a water environment risk early warning analysis system and method based on big data, which can comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual risk situation.

[0005] Technical Solution: The present invention includes a water environment information acquisition module, a risk index weight determination module, a water environment risk analysis module, and an early warning module; wherein, the water environment information acquisition module is used to acquire water environment information; the risk index weight determination module is used to construct a water environment risk index set based on the water environment information, and determine the weights of the water environment risk indicators in the water environment risk index set based on the analytic hierarchy process, to obtain the weights of water environment attribute risk indicators, the weights of water environment ecological risk indicators, and the weights of water environment public health risk indicators; the water environment risk analysis module is used to calculate the water environment attribute risk value based on the weights of the water environment attribute risk indicators and the water environment attribute information, calculate the water environment ecological risk value based on the weights of the water environment ecological risk indicators and the aquatic species information, and calculate the water environment public health risk value based on the weights of the water environment public health risk indicators and the water quality information; the early warning module is used to give an early warning to the water environment based on the water environment attribute risk value, the water environment ecological risk value, and the water environment public health risk value, and generate risk prevention measures.

[0006] Constructing a water environment risk index set based on the water environment information, and determining the weights of the water environment risk indicators in the water environment risk index set based on the analytic hierarchy process specifically includes:

[0007] Establishing a hierarchical structure model with a step-by-step hierarchy;

[0008] Construct a judgment matrix: Determine the number m of relevant influencing factors at the hierarchy level, and construct a set of risk factor sets for water environment risk indicators Among them, is a subset of water environment attribute risk indicators, is a subset of water environment ecological risk indicators, is a subset of water environment health risk indicators. Take two subsets at the same level from the set U for comparison. Use M to represent the ratio of importance, and assign the corresponding importance according to a preset ratio. Combine the importance of each layer to form a judgment matrix;

[0009] Calculate the maximum eigenvalue γ of the judgment matrix:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, v αβ is a matrix obtained by normalizing each column vector of the judgment matrix. The values of α and β are 1, 2... m, and w α is the matrix obtained by adding the elements of matrix v αβ row by row, and then normalizing the obtained vector. w β is the matrix obtained by adding the elements of matrix v αβ column by column, and then normalizing the obtained vector;

[0012] Consistency test of the judgment matrix:

[0013] When there is only one non-zero eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, it means that the matrix is completely consistent. If there is more than one eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, use the consistency index CI to judge:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, k represents the order of the judgment matrix;

[0016] Take and Compare the obtained CI value and record it as the weight of the water environment ecological risk indicator. Take and Compare the obtained CI value and record it as the weight of the water environment health risk indicator. Take and Compare the obtained CI value and record it as the weight of the water environment attribute risk indicator.

[0017] The said hierarchy includes an objective layer, a criterion layer, and a measure layer.

[0018] Calculate the water environment attribute risk value based on the weight of the water environment attribute risk indicator and the water environment attribute information, which specifically includes the following process:

[0019] Obtain the water function zoning type to which the water environment belongs based on the water environment attribute information;

[0020] Based on the water function zoning level to which the water environment belongs, obtain the basic value of the water environment risk during the construction period, the basic value of the water environment risk during the operation period, and the basic value of the water environment risk of the project's specific functions for this water environment;

[0021] Accumulate the basic value of the water environment risk during the construction period, the basic value of the water environment risk during the operation period, and the basic value of the water environment risk of the project's specific functions to obtain the sum of the basic risk values, and record the product of the sum of the basic risk values and the weight of the water environment attribute risk index as the water environment attribute risk value.

[0022] The calculation of the water environment ecological risk value based on the weight of the water environment ecological risk index and the water biological species information specifically includes the following process:

[0023] Based on the water biological species information, obtain the number of phytoplankton species, obtain the minimum number of phytoplankton species that the water environment should have in the water environment ecological risk index, and calculate the proportion A of the number of phytoplankton species to the minimum number of phytoplankton species that should be present;

[0024] Based on the water biological species information, obtain the number of benthic species, obtain the minimum number of benthic species that the water environment should have in the water environment ecological risk index, and calculate the proportion B of the number of benthic species to the minimum number of benthic species that should be present;

[0025] Based on the water biological species information, obtain the total number of amphibian and mammalian species, obtain the minimum total number of amphibian and mammalian species that the water environment should have in the water environment ecological risk index, and calculate the proportion C of the total number of amphibian and mammalian species to the minimum total number of amphibian and mammalian species that should be present;

[0026] Based on the water biological species information, obtain the reduced number D of critically endangered species;

[0027] Substitute the proportion A, proportion B, proportion C, and the reduced number D of critically endangered species into the water environment ecological risk index calculation formula to obtain the water environment ecological risk index. The formula is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, STZ represents the water environment ecological risk value, k1, k2, k3, k4 are weight coefficients, and k1 > k2 > k3. Af is the minimum number of phytoplankton species that the water environment should have, As is the minimum number of benthic species that the water environment should have, and Ad is the minimum total number of amphibian and mammalian species that the water environment should have;

[0030] The product of the weight of the water conservancy environment ecological risk index and the water conservancy environment ecological risk index is denoted as the water conservancy environment ecological risk value.

[0031] The water conservancy environment public health risk value is calculated based on the weight of the water conservancy environment health risk index and water quality information, and specifically includes the following process:

[0032] Based on the water quality information, obtain the types and contents of heavy metals in the water quality sampling data, compare with the water conservancy environment health risk index, and obtain the number E of heavy metal types that do not meet the public health water quality requirements and the total content Ae of heavy metals exceeding the standard content required by the public health water quality.

[0033] Multiply the weight of the water conservancy environment health risk index, the number E of heavy metal types that do not meet the public health water quality requirements, and the total content Ae of heavy metals exceeding the standard content required by the public health water quality to obtain the water conservancy environment public health risk value.

[0034] The early warning of the water conservancy environment is carried out based on the water conservancy environment attribute risk value, the water conservancy environment ecological risk value, and the water conservancy environment public health risk value, and specifically includes:

[0035] Substitute the water conservancy environment attribute risk value, the water conservancy environment ecological risk value, and the water conservancy environment public health risk value into the calculation formula of the water conservancy environment comprehensive risk value to obtain the water conservancy environment comprehensive risk value. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, ZRX is the water conservancy environment comprehensive risk value, SL is the water conservancy environment attribute risk value, ST is the water conservancy environment ecological risk value, JK is the water conservancy environment public health risk value, and δ, θ, and ρ are proportionality coefficients respectively;

[0038] Load the threshold value of the water conservancy environment comprehensive risk value, and judge whether the water conservancy environment comprehensive risk value exceeds the threshold value of the water conservancy environment comprehensive risk value. If so, generate a warning signal.

[0039] The risk prevention measures include: generating measures to prevent water pollution according to the type of water function zoning; generating measures to prevent flood inundation; generating preventive measures for the impact of downstream water on the reproduction and growth of downstream agriculture and aquatic organisms; generating preventive measures for the slowdown of the water flow velocity in the reservoir area caused by water conservancy projects, the precipitation of heavy metal persistent pollutants, and the exceeding of the pollutant standards in the reservoir bottom sediment.

[0040] A water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis method based on big data includes the following steps:

[0041] Obtain water conservancy environment information;

[0042] Construct a water environment risk index set based on water environment information, and determine the weights of the water environment risk indicators in the water environment risk index set based on the analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weights of the water environment attribute risk indicators, the weights of the water environment ecological risk indicators, and the weights of the water environment public health risk indicators;

[0043] Calculate the water environment attribute risk value based on the weights of the water environment attribute risk indicators and the water environment attribute information, calculate the water environment ecological risk value based on the weights of the water environment ecological risk indicators and the aquatic species information, and calculate the water environment public health risk value based on the weights of the water environment public health risk indicators and the water quality information;

[0044] Warn the water environment based on the water environment attribute risk value, the water environment ecological risk value, and the water environment public health risk value.

[0045] The water environment information includes water environment attribute information, water quality information, and aquatic species information.

[0046] Beneficial effects: The present invention has the following advantages:

[0047] (1) Through big data analysis, the system of the present invention can deeply mine massive and multi-source data resources, reveal hidden risk factors, and thus improve the accuracy of water environment risk warning;

[0048] (2) The present invention can provide a visual decision support system to help decision-makers intuitively understand the water environment situation, formulate scientific and reasonable emergency response strategies, evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the plans by simulating emergency response plans under different risk scenarios, and assist decision-makers in quickly formulating emergency response measures;

[0049] (3) Based on the analytic hierarchy process, the present invention determines the weights of the water environment risk indicators in the water environment risk index set to obtain the weights of the water environment attribute risk indicators, the weights of the water environment ecological risk indicators, and the weights of the water environment public health risk indicators, which can quantify the water environment risk factors and improve the accuracy of water environment risk prediction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is the system block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, the water environment risk warning and analysis system based on big data of the present invention includes a water environment information acquisition module, a risk indicator weight determination module, a water environment risk analysis module, and a warning module.

[0053] The water conservancy environment information acquisition module is used to acquire water conservancy environment information, where the water conservancy environment information includes water conservancy environment attribute information, water quality information, and aquatic biological species information.

[0054] The risk index weight determination module is used to construct a water conservancy environment risk index set based on the water conservancy environment information, and determine the weights of the water conservancy environment risk indexes in the water conservancy environment risk index set based on the analytic hierarchy process, so as to obtain the weights of the water conservancy environment attribute risk indexes, the weights of the water conservancy environment ecological risk indexes, and the weights of the water conservancy environment health risk indexes; specifically, it includes the following processes:

[0055] (1) Establish a hierarchical structure model with a step-by-step hierarchy, where the hierarchy includes the target layer, the criterion layer, and the measure layer;

[0056] (2) Construct a judgment matrix: Determine the number m of relevant influencing factors at the hierarchy, and construct a set of risk factors for the water conservancy environment risk index set Among them, is a subset of the water conservancy environment attribute risk indexes, is a subset of the water conservancy environment ecological risk indexes, is a subset of the water conservancy environment health risk indexes. Take two subsets at the same level from the set U for comparison, use M to represent the ratio of importance, and assign the corresponding importance according to a preset ratio. Combine the importance of each layer to form a judgment matrix;

[0057] (3) Calculate the maximum eigenvalue γ of the judgment matrix:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, v αβ is a matrix obtained by normalizing each column vector of the judgment matrix, and the values of α and β are 1, 2... m, w α is a matrix obtained by adding the elements of each row of the matrix v αβ and then normalizing the obtained vector, and w β is a matrix obtained by adding the elements of each column of the matrix v αβ and then normalizing the obtained vector;

[0060] (4) Consistency test of the judgment matrix:

[0061] When there is only one non-zero eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, it means that the matrix is completely consistent. If there is more than one eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, the consistency index CI is used for judgment:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, k represents the order of the judgment matrix. The smaller the value of CI, the better the consistency, and vice versa, the greater the degree of deviation.

[0064] Compare and The CI value obtained from the comparison is recorded as the weight of the water environment ecological risk index. Compare and The CI value obtained from the comparison is recorded as the weight of the water environment health risk index. Compare and The CI value obtained from the comparison is recorded as the weight of the water environment attribute risk index.

[0065] The water environment risk analysis module is used to calculate the water environment attribute risk value based on the weight of the water environment attribute risk index and the water environment attribute information, calculate the water environment ecological risk value based on the weight of the water environment ecological risk index and the aquatic species information, and calculate the public health risk value of the water environment based on the weight of the water environment health risk index and the water quality information;

[0066] Among them, calculating the water environment attribute risk value based on the weight of the water environment attribute risk index and the water environment attribute information specifically includes the following process:

[0067] (1) Obtain the water function zoning type to which the water environment belongs based on the water environment attribute information. Among them, the first-level zoning types include water area source protection areas, buffer zones, development and utilization areas, and reserved areas, and the second-level zoning types include drinking water source areas, industrial water use areas, agricultural water use areas, fishery water use areas, landscape and recreational water use areas, transition areas, and pollution control areas;

[0068] (2) Obtain the basic value of the water environment risk during the construction period, the basic value of the water environment risk during the operation period, and the basic value of the water environment risk of the project's specific functions of the water environment based on the water function zoning level to which the water environment belongs. Among them, the basic value of the water environment risk during the construction period, the basic value of the water environment risk during the operation period, and the basic value of the water environment risk of the project's specific functions are set by the system, and different zoning types correspond to different risk basic values;

[0069] (3) Accumulate the basic value of the water environment risk during the construction period, the basic value of the water environment risk during the operation period, and the basic value of the water environment risk of the project's specific functions to obtain the sum of the risk basic values, and record the product of the sum of the risk basic values and the weight of the water environment attribute risk index as the water environment attribute risk value.

[0070] Calculating the water environment ecological risk value based on the weight of the water environment ecological risk index and the aquatic species information specifically includes the following process:

[0071] (1) Obtain the number of phytoplankton species based on the aquatic species information, obtain the minimum number of phytoplankton species that the water environment should have in the water environment ecological risk index, and calculate the ratio A of the number of phytoplankton species to the minimum number of phytoplankton species that should be present;

[0072] (2) Obtain the number of benthic species based on the information of aquatic species, obtain the minimum number of benthic species that should be in the water conservancy environment in the water conservancy environment ecological risk index, and calculate the ratio B of the number of benthic species to the minimum number of benthic species that should be;

[0073] (3) Obtain the total number of amphibians and mammals based on the information of aquatic species, obtain the minimum total number of amphibians and mammals that should be in the water conservancy environment in the water conservancy environment ecological risk index, and calculate the ratio C of the total number of amphibians and mammals to the minimum total number of amphibians and mammals that should be;

[0074] (4) Obtain the reduced number D of critically endangered species based on the information of aquatic species;

[0075] (5) Substitute the ratio A, ratio B, ratio C, and the reduced number D of critically endangered species into the calculation formula of the water conservancy environment ecological risk index to obtain the water conservancy environment ecological risk index. The formula is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, STZ represents the water conservancy environment ecological risk value, k1, k2, k3, k4 are weight coefficients, set by the system, and k1>k2>k3, Af is the minimum number of plankton species that should be in the water conservancy environment, As is the minimum number of benthic species that should be in the water conservancy environment, Ad is the minimum total number of amphibians and mammals that should be in the water conservancy environment, and the value of e is 2.72;

[0078] (6) Denote the product of the weight of the water conservancy environment ecological risk index and the water conservancy environment ecological risk index as the water conservancy environment ecological risk value.

[0079] Calculate the public health risk value of the water conservancy environment based on the weight of the water conservancy environment health risk index and water quality information, which specifically includes the following process:

[0080] (1) Obtain the types of heavy metals and the heavy metal contents in the water quality sampling data based on the water quality information, compare with the water conservancy environment health risk index, and obtain the number E of heavy metal types that do not meet the public health water quality requirements and the total heavy metal content Ae that exceeds the standard content of the public health water quality requirements;

[0081] (2) Multiply the weight of the water conservancy environment health risk index, the number E of heavy metal types that do not meet the public health water quality requirements, and the total heavy metal content Ae that exceeds the standard content of the public health water quality requirements to obtain the public health risk value of the water conservancy environment.

[0082] The early warning module is used to give early warnings to the water environment based on the water environment attribute risk value, the water environment ecological risk value, and the water environment public health risk value, and generate risk prevention measures. The specific process is as follows:

[0083] (1) Substitute the water environment attribute risk value, the water environment ecological risk value, and the water environment public health risk value into the calculation formula of the water environment comprehensive risk value to obtain the water environment comprehensive risk value. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, ZRX is the water environment comprehensive risk value, SL is the water environment attribute risk value, ST is the water environment ecological risk value, JK is the water environment public health risk value, and δ, θ, and ρ are proportionality coefficients respectively, which are set by the system;

[0086] (2) Load the threshold of the water environment comprehensive risk value. The threshold of the water environment comprehensive risk value is stored in the system. Determine whether the water environment comprehensive risk value exceeds the threshold of the water environment comprehensive risk value. If it does, generate an early warning signal; if not, do not generate an early warning signal.

[0087] The water environment risk prevention measures include: generating measures to prevent water pollution according to the type of water function zoning; generating measures to prevent flood inundation; generating preventive measures for the impact of downstream water discharge on the reproduction and growth of downstream agriculture and aquatic organisms; generating preventive measures for the slowdown of the water flow velocity in the reservoir area caused by water conservancy projects, the precipitation of heavy metal persistent pollutants, and the exceeding standard of sediment pollutants in the reservoir area bottom mud.

[0088] A water environment risk early warning analysis method based on big data provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0089] S1. Obtain water environment information, where the water environment information includes water environment attribute information, water quality information, and aquatic biological species information;

[0090] S2. Construct a water environment risk index set based on the water environment information, and determine the weights of the water environment risk indexes in the water environment risk index set based on the analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weights of the water environment attribute risk indexes, the weights of the water environment ecological risk indexes, and the weights of the water environment health risk indexes;

[0091] S3. Calculate the water environment attribute risk value based on the weight of the water environment attribute risk index and the water environment attribute information, calculate the water environment ecological risk value based on the weight of the water environment ecological risk index and the aquatic biological species information, and calculate the water environment public health risk value based on the weight of the water environment health risk index and the water quality information;

[0092] S4. Issue a warning for the water conservancy environment based on the water conservancy environment attribute risk value, the water conservancy environment ecological risk value, and the water conservancy environment public health risk value.

Claims

1. A water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system based on big data, characterized in that It includes a water conservancy environment information acquisition module, a risk index weight determination module, a water conservancy environment risk analysis module, and a warning module. Among them, the water conservancy environment information acquisition module is used to acquire water conservancy environment information; the risk index weight determination module is used to construct a water conservancy environment risk index set based on the water conservancy environment information, and determine the weights of the water conservancy environment risk indexes in the water conservancy environment risk index set based on the analytic hierarchy process, so as to obtain the weights of the water conservancy environment attribute risk indexes, the weights of the water conservancy environment ecological risk indexes, and the weights of the water conservancy environment public health risk indexes; the water conservancy environment risk analysis module is used to calculate the water conservancy environment attribute risk value based on the weights of the water conservancy environment attribute risk indexes and the water conservancy environment attribute information, calculate the water conservancy environment ecological risk value based on the weights of the water conservancy environment ecological risk indexes and the water biological species information, and calculate the water conservancy environment public health risk value based on the weights of the water conservancy environment public health risk indexes and the water quality information; the warning module is used to give a warning to the water conservancy environment based on the water conservancy environment attribute risk value, the water conservancy environment ecological risk value, and the water conservancy environment public health risk value and generate risk prevention measures; Constructing a water conservancy environment risk index set based on the water conservancy environment information, and determining the weights of the water conservancy environment risk indexes in the water conservancy environment risk index set based on the analytic hierarchy process specifically includes: Establishing a hierarchically structured model with a step-by-step hierarchy; Construct a judgment matrix: Determine the number of relevant influencing factors at each level , construct a set of risk factors for water environment risk indicators , , among which, is a subset of water environment attribute risk indicators, is a subset of water environment ecological risk indicators, is a subset of water environment health risk indicators. Take two subsets at the same level from the set for comparison, use to represent the ratio of importance, and assign values to the corresponding importance according to a preset ratio. Combine the importance of each layer to form a judgment matrix; Calculating the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix : ； Among them, is the matrix obtained by normalizing each column vector of the judgment matrix, where the value of is 1, 2... m, is the matrix obtained by adding the elements of the matrix row by row, and then normalizing the resulting vector, is the matrix obtained by adding the elements of the matrix column by column, and then normalizing the resulting vector; Consistency test of the judgment matrix: When there is only one non-zero eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, it indicates that the matrix is completely consistent. If there is more than one eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, the consistency index is used for judgment: ； Among them, represents the order of the judgment matrix; Compare with , and record the value as the weight of the water conservancy environment ecological risk index. Compare with , and record the value as the weight of the water conservancy environment health risk index. Compare with , and record the value as the weight of the water conservancy environment attribute risk index.

2. The water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The said hierarchy includes an objective layer, a criterion layer, and a measure layer.

3. A water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating the water conservancy environment attribute risk value based on the weights of the water conservancy environment attribute risk indexes and the water conservancy environment attribute information specifically Includes the following processes: Obtaining the water function zoning type to which the water conservancy environment belongs based on the water conservancy environment attribute information; Obtaining the basic value of the water environment risk during the construction period, the basic value of the water environment risk during the operation period, and the basic value of the water environment risk of the project's specific functions of the water conservancy environment based on the water function zoning level to which the water conservancy environment belongs; Accumulating the basic value of the water environment risk during the construction period, the basic value of the water environment risk during the operation period, and the basic value of the water environment risk of the project's specific functions to obtain the sum of the basic risk values, and recording the product of the sum of the basic risk values and the weights of the water conservancy environment attribute risk indexes as the water conservancy environment attribute risk value.

4. The water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system based on big data according to claim 3, characterized in that, Calculating the water conservancy environment ecological risk value based on the weights of the water conservancy environment ecological risk indexes and the water biological species information specifically Includes the following processes: Obtaining the number of plankton species based on the water biological species information, obtaining the minimum number of plankton species that should be in the water conservancy environment in the water conservancy environment ecological risk indexes, and calculating the ratio A of the number of plankton species to the minimum number of plankton species that should be; Obtaining the number of benthic species based on the water biological species information, obtaining the minimum number of benthic species that should be in the water conservancy environment in the water conservancy environment ecological risk indexes, and calculating the ratio B of the number of benthic species to the minimum number of benthic species that should be; Obtaining the total number of amphibian and mammalian species based on the water biological species information, obtaining the minimum total number of amphibian and mammalian species that should be in the water conservancy environment in the water conservancy environment ecological risk indexes, and calculating the ratio C of the total number of amphibian and mammalian species to the minimum total number of amphibian and mammalian species that should be; Obtain the reduced number D of critically endangered species based on the information of aquatic species; Substitute the ratios A, B, C and the reduced number D of critically endangered species into the calculation formula of the water environment ecological risk index to obtain the water environment ecological risk index. The formula is as follows: ； Among them, STZ represents the water environment ecological risk value, k1, k2, k3, k4 are weight coefficients, and k1 > k2 > k3. Af is the minimum number of plankton species that the water environment should have, As is the minimum number of benthic species that the water environment should have, and Ad is the total number of amphibians and mammals that the water environment should have at least; Record the product of the weight of the water environment ecological risk index and the water environment ecological risk index as the water environment ecological risk value.

5. A water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system based on big data according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water environment public health risk value is calculated based on the weight of the water environment health risk index and the water quality information, and specifically includes the following process: Obtain the types of heavy metals and the heavy metal contents in the water quality sampling data based on the water quality information, and compare with the water environment health risk index to obtain the number E of heavy metal types that do not meet the public health water quality requirements and the total heavy metal content Ae exceeding the standard content required by the public health water quality; Multiply the weight of the water environment health risk index, the number E of heavy metal types that do not meet the public health water quality requirements, and the total heavy metal content Ae exceeding the standard content required by the public health water quality to obtain the water environment public health risk value.

6. The water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system based on big data according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water environment is warned based on the water environment attribute risk value, the water environment ecological risk value and the water environment public health risk value, specifically including: Substitute the water environment attribute risk value, the water environment ecological risk value and the water environment public health risk value into the calculation formula of the water environment comprehensive risk value to obtain the water environment comprehensive risk value. The calculation formula is as follows: ； Among them, ZRX is the water environment comprehensive risk value, SL is the water environment attribute risk value, ST is the water environment ecological risk value, JK is the water environment public health risk value, and δ, θ, ρ are proportionality coefficients respectively; Load the threshold of the water environment comprehensive risk value, and judge whether the water environment comprehensive risk value exceeds the threshold of the water environment comprehensive risk value. If so, generate an early warning signal.

7. The water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system based on big data according to claim 6, characterized in that, The risk prevention measures include: generating measures to prevent water pollution according to the type of water function zoning; generating measures to prevent flood inundation; generating preventive measures for the impact of downstream water discharge on the reproduction and growth of downstream agriculture and aquatic organisms; generating preventive measures for the slowdown of the water flow velocity in the reservoir area caused by water conservancy projects, where persistent heavy metal pollutants will precipitate, resulting in excessive pollutants in the reservoir bottom mud.

8. An analysis method applicable to the water conservancy environment risk early warning analysis system based on big data according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Include the following steps: Obtain water environment information; Construct a water environment risk index set based on the water environment information, and determine the weights of the water environment risk indicators in the water environment risk index set based on the analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weights of the water environment attribute risk indicators, the weights of the water environment ecological risk indicators, and the weights of the water environment health risk indicators; The water environment attribute risk value is calculated based on the weights of the water environment attribute risk indicators and the water environment attribute information, the water environment ecological risk value is calculated based on the weights of the water environment ecological risk indicators and the water biological species information, and the water environment public health risk value is calculated based on the weights of the water environment health risk indicators and the water quality information; Early warning of the water environment is carried out based on the water environment attribute risk value, the water environment ecological risk value, and the water environment public health risk value.

9. A method for early warning analysis of water conservancy environment risks based on big data according to claim 8, characterized in that, The water environment information includes water environment attribute information, water quality information, and water biological species information.

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