A toll station carbon emission accounting method and system under different charging modes

Abstract

The application discloses a toll station carbon emission accounting method and system under different charging modes, and the method comprises the following steps: first, defining the carbon emission accounting boundary of the highway toll station; collecting data such as energy consumption, traffic volume, vehicle type and waste treatment volume; selecting or calculating energy carbon emission factors, vehicle fuel carbon emission factors and waste treatment carbon emission factors; respectively accounting the total carbon emission of the energy consumption system and the auxiliary facilities, the total carbon emission of vehicle activities and the total carbon emission of waste treatment; and finally, accounting the total carbon emission of the toll station. The application can solve the problem that the prior art lacks accurate accounting of carbon emission under different charging modes, can realize accounting of carbon emission for two charging modes, i.e., manual toll lane (MTC) and electronic non-stop toll lane (ETC), can realize fine monitoring and accounting of carbon emission of the highway toll station, and can promote the development of the transportation industry in the direction of low carbon and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transportation carbon emission accounting technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for carbon emission accounting of toll stations under different toll collection modes. Background Technology

[0002] With the escalating global climate change issue, reducing emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide has become a challenge that all industries must face. The transportation industry is a significant source of global carbon emissions, and highways, as crucial transportation infrastructure, generate substantial carbon emissions during vehicle traffic. Particularly at toll booths, vehicles often need to queue and stop to pay, all of which lead to additional fuel consumption and carbon emissions. Different toll collection methods, such as manual toll collection (MTC) and electronic toll collection (ETC), result in varying carbon emissions due to differences in vehicle travel time, stopping conditions, and fuel consumption.

[0003] Current research on carbon emission accounting at toll stations primarily focuses on vehicle emissions, and the calculation methods are rudimentary. However, it falls short in accurately calculating carbon emissions under different tolling models. The varying methods for accurate carbon emission calculations make it difficult to assess the carbon emission potential of toll stations and provide reliable references for energy conservation policies. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a systematic carbon emission statistical method to accurately calculate the carbon emission sources of toll stations operating under different tolling models, thereby providing scientific data support for the transportation sector's carbon emission policies and the optimization of toll station management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for carbon emission accounting of toll stations under different tolling modes. This method can solve the problem of the lack of accurate carbon emission accounting for different tolling modes in the prior art. It can calculate carbon emissions for both manual tolling lanes (MTC) and electronic tolling lanes (ETC), realize refined monitoring and accounting of carbon emissions of highway toll stations, and promote the development of the transportation industry towards low-carbon and environmentally friendly directions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A method for carbon emission accounting at toll stations under different toll collection models includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including three types: carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste disposal.

[0008] Step 2: Collect data, including energy consumption data of toll stations, vehicle types and numbers, vehicle activity-related data, solid waste treatment volume, and sewage treatment volume;

[0009] Step 3: Determine the carbon emission factors for energy, vehicle fuel, and waste treatment. The carbon emission factors for energy include those for gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity. The carbon emission factors for waste treatment include those for solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and wastewater treatment.

[0010] Step 4: Calculate the total carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities based on energy carbon emission factors;

[0011] Step 5: Calculate the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities based on the vehicle's fuel carbon emission factor and electricity carbon emission factor;

[0012] Step 6: Calculate the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor for waste treatment;

[0013] Step 7: Calculate the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste disposal.

[0014] In step 1 above, carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities include CO2 directly emitted from fossil fuels consumed by existing buildings and infrastructure, as well as CO2 indirectly emitted from electricity consumption; emission sources include lighting systems, HVAC systems, domestic hot water systems, water pump systems, computer room systems, maintenance systems, canteens, monitoring and security systems, and office equipment.

[0015] Vehicle activity carbon emissions include direct and indirect CO2 emissions from vehicles passing through toll booths; emission sources include vehicles.

[0016] Carbon emissions from waste disposal include solid waste disposal from toll stations and CO2 emissions from wastewater treatment; emission sources include solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and domestic sewage treatment.

[0017] In step 2 above, the energy consumption data of the toll station includes the usage of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and electricity; vehicle type and quantity include the number of different types of vehicles under different toll modes; vehicle activity related data includes the effective mass of different types of vehicles, idling unit fuel consumption, service area maximum speed limit, toll plaza length, number of manual toll lanes and number of electronic non-stop toll lanes.

[0018] In step 3 above, the carbon emission factors of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, electricity, solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment are selected from relevant standards and specifications; the carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is calculated according to a formula.

[0019] In step 4 above, the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities are calculated according to the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, W1 represents the total carbon emissions from all emission sources of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities;

[0022]

[0023] These represent the carbon emissions generated by toll stations due to the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas, respectively; X i B i D i Y i G i These represent the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas in emission source i of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities, respectively, where i = 1, 2, 3, ..., n, representing different emission sources; FC 电力 FC 汽油 FC 柴油 FC 液化石油气 FC 天然气 These represent the carbon emission factors for electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas, respectively.

[0024] In step 5 above, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities is as follows:

[0025] W2 = W MTC +W ETC

[0026] In the formula, W2 represents the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities, W MTC and W ETC These represent the carbon emissions from vehicle activities using manual toll collection (MTC) lanes and electronic toll collection (ETC) lanes, respectively.

[0027] In step 6 above, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from waste treatment is as follows:

[0028] W3 = W 固-焚烧 +W 固-生化 +W 污水

[0029] In the formula, W3 represents the total carbon emissions from waste treatment, W 固-焚烧W represents the carbon emissions from the incineration of solid waste. 固-生化 W represents the carbon emissions from the biochemical treatment of solid waste. 污水 This indicates the carbon emissions from domestic sewage treatment.

[0030] In step 7 above, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions of toll stations is as follows:

[0031] W 收费站 =W1+W2+W3

[0032] In the formula, W 收费站 W1 represents the total carbon emissions of the toll station; W2 represents the total carbon emissions of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities; W3 represents the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities at the toll station; and W4 represents the total carbon emissions of waste disposal.

[0033] A carbon emission accounting system for toll stations under different toll collection models includes,

[0034] The accounting boundary definition module is configured to define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including three types: carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste disposal.

[0035] The data acquisition module is configured to collect data, including energy consumption data of toll stations, vehicle types and numbers, vehicle activity-related data, solid waste treatment volume, and sewage treatment volume.

[0036] The carbon emission factor determination module is configured to determine energy carbon emission factors, vehicle fuel carbon emission factors, and waste treatment carbon emission factors. Among them, energy carbon emission factors include carbon emission factors for gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity; and waste treatment carbon emission factors include carbon emission factors for solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and wastewater treatment.

[0037] The first carbon emission total accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities based on energy carbon emission factors.

[0038] The second carbon emission total calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities based on vehicle fuel carbon emission factors and electricity carbon emission factors.

[0039] The third carbon emission total calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor of waste treatment; and,

[0040] The toll station carbon emission calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste disposal.

[0041] A computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a carbon emission accounting method for toll stations under different toll collection modes as described above.

[0042] By adopting the above scheme, this invention provides a systematic and accurate carbon emission accounting method for toll stations by collecting data such as energy consumption, traffic volume, vehicle type, and waste disposal volume. It constructs a carbon emission accounting model and, by combining factors such as vehicle type and travel time under different toll modes, accurately calculates the carbon emissions for each toll mode. Through analysis and comparison of the accounting results, targeted carbon reduction optimization suggestions can be provided, helping highway toll stations optimize operations, improve efficiency, and reduce carbon emissions.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0044] This invention comprehensively covers three main carbon emission sources: toll station energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, vehicle activities, and waste disposal. By quantitatively analyzing the carbon emissions of different toll collection methods, it helps identify the main sources of carbon emissions from toll stations and propose optimization measures, providing a scientific basis for energy conservation, emission reduction, and green transportation policy formulation. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the emission source categories calculated for toll stations according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for carbon emission accounting at toll stations under different toll collection modes, including the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Define the carbon emission accounting boundaries for toll stations;

[0050] In step 1, the gas being calculated is carbon dioxide / CO2; the carbon emission accounting boundary for toll stations includes three ranges, in conjunction with... Figure 2 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0051] Scope 1 Emissions: Carbon emissions from energy-consuming systems and ancillary facilities. This includes CO2 emissions directly from fossil fuels consumed by existing buildings and infrastructure, as well as CO2 emissions indirectly from electricity consumption, etc. Emission sources mainly include lighting systems, HVAC systems, domestic hot water systems, water pump systems, computer room systems, maintenance systems, canteens, monitoring and security systems, office equipment, etc.

[0052] Scope 2 Emissions: Carbon emissions from vehicle activities. This includes direct and indirect CO2 emissions from vehicles passing through toll booths; the main emission sources are vehicles; vehicles are categorized as gasoline-powered vehicles and electric vehicles.

[0053] Scope 3 Emissions: Carbon emissions from waste treatment. This includes solid waste treatment at toll stations and CO2 emissions from wastewater treatment. The main emission sources include solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and domestic sewage treatment.

[0054] Step 2: Collect the required data. Based on the defined accounting boundaries, data collection will be conducted, primarily focusing on energy consumption and waste disposal data related to toll station operation. The content mainly includes:

[0055] Data on energy consumption at toll stations is collected, including the use of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity. The use of each energy source directly affects the carbon emissions of the energy system and its associated facilities.

[0056] Collect vehicle type and quantity data. Collect the quantity of different types of vehicles under different toll collection methods, mainly including the quantity of different types of passenger vehicles and different types of freight vehicles;

[0057] Collect other vehicle activity-related data. This mainly includes the effective mass of different types of vehicles, fuel consumption per unit of idle speed, maximum speed limit in service areas, length of toll plazas, number of manual toll lanes (MTC), and number of electronic toll collection lanes (ETC).

[0058] Collect data on the amount of solid waste treated and the amount of sewage treated.

[0059] Step 3: Select carbon emission factors according to the needs of carbon emission calculation at toll stations. These factors mainly include carbon emission factors for gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, electricity, solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment.

[0060] The carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is closely related to vehicle weight, speed, and environmental conditions (reflecting the impact of temperature, humidity, etc. on emissions), as these three factors directly affect vehicle energy consumption and emissions levels. The comprehensive function representation of the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is as follows;

[0061] FC h-j-g-l =f(FC)h-base M j M base V g V base ECF l )

[0062] In the formula, FC h-j-g-l Indicates the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel; FC h-base M represents the baseline fuel emission factor for fuel type h (gasoline, diesel, etc.); j M represents the mass of the j-th type of fuel-powered vehicle (the types of fuel-powered vehicles can be classified according to actual circumstances); base V represents the baseline vehicle mass; g Let V represent the vehicle speed in the g-th state (deceleration, idling, constant speed, acceleration), and V g The value is the average speed at each stage (deceleration, idle, constant speed, acceleration); V base Indicates the reference speed; ECF l Environmental condition factors representing the l-th type of environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) (l = 1, 2, 3, ... δ represent different types of environmental conditions respectively).

[0063] The specific formula for calculating the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] When V g When V ≠ 0, the vehicle is in one of three states: deceleration, constant speed, or acceleration. base The possible values ​​are as follows:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, V base-减速 V represents the reference speed during deceleration. base-匀速 V represents the reference velocity in a uniform state. base-加速 This represents the reference speed under acceleration; β and γ are adjustment factors.

[0068] When V g When FC = 0, the vehicle is in an idling state, and FC is specified. h-j-g-l The value is FC h-base .

[0069] Step 4: Calculate the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities;

[0070] The main emission sources of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities include lighting systems, HVAC systems, domestic hot water systems, water pump systems, machine room systems, maintenance systems, canteens, monitoring and security systems, and office equipment. These are calculated separately for five categories, primarily electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas. The total carbon emissions from each emission source of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities are calculated using the following method:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, W1 represents the total carbon emissions from all emission sources of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities;

[0073]

[0074] These represent the carbon emissions generated by toll stations due to the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas, respectively; X i B i D i Y i G i These represent the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas for the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities from emission source i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., n represent different emission sources); FC 电力 FC 汽油 FC 柴油 FC 液化石油气 FC 天然气 These represent the carbon emission factors for electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas, respectively.

[0075] Step 5: Calculate the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities. The main source of carbon emissions from vehicles entering and exiting toll stations is fuel consumption. Different lanes at toll stations (Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) and Manual Toll Collection (MTC)) have different waiting efficiencies, resulting in different fuel consumption. Under MTC tolling mode, vehicles decelerate, queue, idle, and then accelerate to enter and exit the toll station. Under ETC tolling mode, vehicles decelerate, maintain a constant speed, and then accelerate to enter and exit the toll station. Therefore, it is necessary to first calculate the fuel consumption during the process of entering and exiting the toll station, and then convert it into carbon dioxide emissions for calculation.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of step 5 is as follows:

[0077] Step 5.1, Vehicle Classification. Vehicle classification plays a crucial role in carbon emission accounting at highway toll stations. Different vehicle types exhibit significant differences in emission characteristics, fuel consumption, and driving behavior. For example, heavy-duty trucks typically generate higher carbon emissions during acceleration and deceleration than light passenger vehicles. By refining vehicle classification, the carbon emissions of various vehicle types at toll stations can be more accurately assessed, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the accounting model. Furthermore, vehicle classification provides a basis for developing targeted emission reduction strategies, contributing to optimized traffic management and improved environmental quality. To enhance the accuracy of the accounting model, the vehicle classification at highway toll stations is shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1 Vehicle Classification at Highway Toll Stations

[0079]

[0080] As shown in Table 1, fuel vehicles are divided into 9 categories, and the fuel vehicle type is represented by the character j (j = 1, 2, 3... 9). Among them, gasoline fuel vehicles (passenger cars) are divided into 4 categories according to the number of seats (j takes the value 1, 2, 3, 4), and diesel fuel vehicles (freight cars) are divided into 5 categories according to the vehicle weight (j takes the value 5, 6, 7, 8, 9). Trams are divided into 9 categories, and the tram type is represented by the character α (α = 1, 2, 3... 9).

[0081] Step 5.2, Calculation of fuel consumption for gasoline vehicles and electricity consumption for electric vehicles in manual toll collection (MTC) lanes. The calculation is performed in three phases: MTC deceleration phase, MTC queuing and idling phase, and MTC acceleration phase. Fuel consumption for gasoline vehicles and electricity consumption for electric vehicles are calculated separately for each phase.

[0082] Phase 1: MTC deceleration phase

[0083] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during deceleration phase.

[0084] The average speed formula is used to calculate the time t taken for a vehicle to decelerate through a manual toll collection (MTC) lane. MTC-减速 During deceleration, the vehicle decelerates from its initial speed V. 0-MTC Decelerate to target speed V f-MTC The deceleration distance is d MTC-减速 It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0085] Average speed during deceleration for:

[0086]

[0087] Time t MTC-减速 for:

[0088]

[0089] Fuel consumption during deceleration It relates to the vehicle's deceleration time, and the formula is:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, Fuel consumption (in L) of Class j fuel-powered vehicles during deceleration; t MTC-减速 Indicates the deceleration time of an MTC vehicle (unit: h); This represents the unit fuel consumption (in L / h) of a Class j fuel vehicle during deceleration.

[0092] (2) Electricity consumption of Class α trams during deceleration phase calculate:

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, d represents the energy consumption rate (kWh / km) of a Class α trolley during the deceleration phase; MTC-减速 Deceleration distance (km).

[0095] Phase Two: MTC Queuing and Idle Phase

[0096] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during idling;

[0097] Vehicles queuing at toll booths follow a Poisson distribution, while service times at toll windows follow a negative exponential distribution. According to queuing theory, the queuing situation at toll booths can be simplified to an M / M / C type system. In queuing theory, the M / M / C system is a common queuing model used to describe queuing phenomena at multiple service counters. The following are the calculation methods for the various indicators of this model:

[0098]

[0099] Average Captain L s :

[0100]

[0101] Average queue length L q :

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, P0 represents the probability that there are no customers in the system; P k Let λ represent the probability that there are k customers in the system under steady-state conditions; λ is the average arrival rate of vehicles per unit time, vehicles / hour; μ is the average service rate of the system per unit time, vehicles / hour; L sAs the system captain, m; L q m represents the average queue length; c represents the number of toll lanes. This represents the service intensity. If ρ < 1, the system is stable. If ρ > 1, the queue length will increase over time.

[0104] According to Little's formula:

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, W q W represents the average waiting time (in seconds). s This represents the average waiting time (in seconds).

[0107] When a vehicle is idling in a queue, the idling time is equal to the average waiting time W during the queuing process. q That is, the vehicle's idling time t MTC-怠速 =W q .

[0108] Fuel consumption during idling It is related to the vehicle's idling time, and the formula is:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, Fuel consumption (in L) of Class j fuel vehicles during idling; t MTC-怠速 This indicates the idling time of an MTC vehicle (unit: h). This represents the unit fuel consumption (in L / h) of a Class j fuel vehicle during idling.

[0111] (2) Electricity consumption of Class α trolleys during queuing and idling. calculate:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, This represents the idling power (kW) of a Class α trolley during the queuing idling phase.

[0114] Phase 3: MTC Acceleration Phase

[0115] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during acceleration phase

[0116] Similarly, the average speed formula is used to calculate the time t for a vehicle to accelerate through a manual toll collection (MTC) lane. MTC-加速 During acceleration, the vehicle starts from an initial speed V. s-MTC Decelerate to target speed V t-MTC The acceleration distance is d MTC-加速It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0117] Average speed during acceleration for:

[0118]

[0119] Time t MTC-加速 for:

[0120]

[0121] Fuel consumption during acceleration It relates to the vehicle's acceleration time, and the formula is:

[0122]

[0123] In the formula, t represents the fuel consumption (in L) of a type j fuel-powered vehicle during acceleration. MTC-加速 This indicates the acceleration time of an MTC vehicle (unit: h). This represents the unit fuel consumption (in L / h) during the acceleration process of a Class j fuel vehicle.

[0124] (2) Electricity consumption of Class α trams during acceleration phase calculate

[0125]

[0126] In the formula, This represents the acceleration power (kW) of the α-class tram during the acceleration phase.

[0127] Based on the analysis and calculations in the above three stages, the carbon emissions of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles when passing through manual toll lanes (MTC) are calculated using the following formulas:

[0128]

[0129] In the formula, This represents the carbon emissions of a gasoline-powered vehicle (passenger car) of type j (j takes values ​​1, 2, 3, 4) when passing through a manual toll collection (MTC) lane; This represents the carbon emissions of a diesel-powered vehicle (truck) of class j (j values ​​5, 6, 7, 8, 9) when passing through a manual toll collection (MTC) lane; FC 汽油-j-减速-1 FC 汽油-j-怠速-1 FC 汽油-j-加速-1 These represent the fuel carbon emission factors of gasoline-powered vehicles (buses) of type j (j takes values ​​1, 2, 3, 4) during deceleration, idling, and acceleration, respectively; FC 柴油-j-减速-1 FC 柴油-j-怠速-1 FC 柴油-j-加速-1These represent the fuel carbon emission factors of diesel fuel vehicles (trucks) of the j-th category (j takes values ​​of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) during deceleration, idling, and acceleration, respectively. This represents the carbon emissions of a Class α (α = 1, 2, 3… 9) trolley when passing through a manual toll collection (MTC) lane; FC 电力 This represents the carbon emission factor of electricity.

[0130] Step 5.3: Calculation of fuel consumption for gasoline vehicles and electricity consumption for electric vehicles using the Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lane. The calculation is performed in three stages: ETC deceleration stage, ETC constant speed stage, and ETC acceleration stage. Fuel consumption for gasoline vehicles and electricity consumption for electric vehicles are calculated separately for each stage.

[0131] Phase 1: ETC Deceleration Phase

[0132] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during deceleration phase.

[0133] The method for calculating deceleration time is the same as that used in manual toll collection (MTC) lanes. During deceleration, the vehicle decelerates from its initial speed V... 0-ETC Decelerate to target speed V f-ETC The deceleration distance is d ETC-减速 It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0134] Average speed during deceleration for:

[0135]

[0136] Time t ETC-减速 for:

[0137]

[0138] Fuel consumption during deceleration It relates to the vehicle's deceleration time, and the formula is:

[0139]

[0140] In the formula, Fuel consumption (in L) of Class j fuel-powered vehicles during deceleration; t ETC-减速 Indicates the deceleration time of ETC vehicles (unit: h); This represents the unit fuel consumption (in L / h) of a Class j fuel vehicle during deceleration.

[0141] (2) Electricity consumption of Class α trams during deceleration phase calculate:

[0142]

[0143] In the formula, d represents the energy consumption rate (kWh / km) of a Class α trolley during the deceleration phase; ETC-减速 Indicates the deceleration distance (km).

[0144] Phase Two: ETC Constant Speed ​​Phase

[0145] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during the constant speed phase.

[0146] Under the ETC toll collection mode, the constant speed travel time t of a vehicle when passing through a toll station ETC-匀速 It can pass through the toll station at a constant speed distance d ETC-匀速 and constant speed To calculate:

[0147]

[0148] After the deceleration process, the vehicle slows down to the target speed V. f-ETC So, constant speed V can be selected f-ETC ,Right now t ETC-匀速 It can also be expressed by the following formula:

[0149]

[0150] Fuel consumption during constant speed process It relates to the time it takes for the vehicle to maintain a constant speed, and the formula is:

[0151]

[0152] In the formula, t represents the fuel consumption (in L) of the j-th type of fuel-powered vehicle during a constant-speed process; ETC-匀速 This indicates the constant speed time of ETC vehicles (unit: h); This represents the unit fuel consumption (unit: L / h) of the j-th type of fuel-powered vehicle during a constant speed process.

[0153] (2) Electricity consumption of Class α trams during constant speed phase calculate:

[0154]

[0155] In the formula, d represents the energy consumption rate (kWh / km) of the α-type trolley during the constant speed phase; ETC-匀速 This indicates the distance traveled at a constant speed (km).

[0156] Phase Three: ETC Acceleration Phase

[0157] (1) Calculation of fuel consumption of fuel vehicles during acceleration.

[0158] Similarly, the average speed formula is used to calculate the time t it takes for a vehicle to accelerate through an Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lane. ETC-加速 During acceleration, the vehicle starts from an initial speed V. s-ETC Decelerate to target speed V t-ETC The acceleration distance is d ETC-加速 It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0159] Average speed during acceleration for:

[0160]

[0161] Time t ETC-加速 for:

[0162]

[0163] Fuel consumption during acceleration It relates to the vehicle's acceleration time, and the formula is:

[0164]

[0165] In the formula, This represents the fuel consumption (in liters) of the j-th type of fuel-powered vehicle during acceleration; t ETC-加速 This indicates the acceleration time (in hours) for ETC vehicles. This represents the unit fuel consumption (unit: L / h) during the acceleration process of the j-th type of fuel-powered vehicle.

[0166] (2) Electricity consumption of Class α trams during acceleration phase calculate:

[0167]

[0168] In the formula, This represents the acceleration power (kW) of the α-class tram during the acceleration phase.

[0169] Based on the analysis and calculations in the above three stages, the carbon emissions of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles when passing through Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lanes are calculated using the following formulas:

[0170]

[0171] In the formula, This represents the carbon emissions of a gasoline-powered vehicle (passenger car) of type j (j takes values ​​1, 2, 3, 4) when passing through an electronic toll collection (ETC) lane; This represents the carbon emissions of a diesel-powered vehicle (truck) of type j (j takes values ​​5, 6, 7, 8, 9) when passing through an Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lane; FC汽油-j-减速-1 FC 汽油-j-匀速-1 FC 汽油-j-加速-1 These represent the fuel carbon emission factors of gasoline-powered vehicles (buses) of type j (j takes values ​​1, 2, 3, 4) during deceleration, constant speed, and acceleration, respectively; FC 柴油-j-减速-1 FC 柴油-j-匀速-1 FC 柴油-j-加速-1 These represent the fuel carbon emission factors of diesel fuel vehicles (trucks) of the j-th category (j takes values ​​of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) under deceleration, constant speed, and acceleration conditions, respectively. This represents the carbon emissions of trolleybuses of category α (α = 1, 2, 3… 9) when passing through electronic toll collection (ETC) lanes; FC 电力 This represents the carbon emission factor of electricity.

[0172] Step 5.4, Calculation of Total Carbon Emissions from Vehicle Activities at Toll Stations. By combining the carbon emissions of all vehicle types under different tolling modes, the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities in the toll station area can be obtained. The formula for calculating the total carbon emissions (W2) from vehicle activities at toll stations is as follows:

[0173] W2 = W MTC +W ETC

[0174]

[0175] In the formula, W MTC and W ETC These represent the carbon emissions from vehicle activities using manual toll collection (MTC) lanes and electronic toll collection (ETC) lanes, respectively; W MTC-客车 W MTC-货车 and W MTC-电车 These represent the carbon emissions of passenger cars, freight cars, and trams using manual toll collection (MTC) lanes, respectively. and W represents the number of gasoline-powered vehicles (passenger cars) of type j (j values ​​1, 2, 3, 4), diesel-powered vehicles (freight cars) of type j (j values ​​5, 6, 7, 8, 9), and trolleybuses of type α (α = 1, 2, 3…9) passing through the manual toll collection (MTC) lanes, respectively; ETC-客车 W ETC-货车 and W ETC-电车 These represent the carbon emissions of passenger cars, freight cars, and trolleybuses using electronic toll collection (ETC) lanes, respectively. and These represent the number of gasoline-powered vehicles (passenger cars) of type j (j values ​​1, 2, 3, 4), diesel-powered vehicles (freight cars) of type j (j values ​​5, 6, 7, 8, 9), and trolleybuses of type α (α = 1, 2, 3…9) passing through the ETC lane.

[0176] Step 6: Calculate the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor for waste treatment;

[0177] The waste generated by toll stations mainly includes two categories: solid waste and sewage (car wash water, septic tank wastewater, etc.). Solid waste can be treated through incineration and biochemical methods; sewage treatment methods mainly include biological treatment (such as activated sludge process), chemical treatment (such as flocculation and sedimentation process), and physical treatment (such as filtration and sedimentation). The total carbon emissions from waste treatment are calculated from these three aspects using the following formula:

[0178] (1) Solid waste incineration treatment:

[0179]

[0180] In the formula, W 固-焚烧 U represents the carbon emissions (t) from the incineration of solid waste; φ Representing different types ( (These represent different types of waste) Solid waste incineration capacity (t); FC 固-焚烧 This represents the carbon emission factor (tCO2 / ton) of solid waste incineration.

[0181] (2) Biochemical treatment of solid waste:

[0182]

[0183] In the formula, W 固-生化 Z represents the carbon emissions (t) from the biochemical treatment of solid waste; φ Representing different types ( (Representing different types of waste) Solid waste biochemical treatment capacity (t); FC 固-生化 This represents the carbon emission factor (tCO2 / ton) of solid waste biochemical treatment.

[0184] (3) Domestic sewage treatment:

[0185] W 污水 =H 污水 ×FC 污水

[0186] In the formula, W 污水 This indicates the carbon emissions (in tons) from domestic wastewater treatment; H 污水 This indicates the amount of domestic sewage treated (t); FC 污水 This represents the carbon emission factor (tCO2 / ton) from the treatment of domestic sewage.

[0187] Formula for calculating W3 total carbon emissions from waste disposal:

[0188] W3 = W固-焚烧 +W 固-生化 +W 污水

[0189] Step 7: Calculate the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste disposal.

[0190] Based on the above analysis, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions of toll stations is as follows:

[0191] W 收费站 =W1+W2+W3

[0192] In the formula, W1 is the total carbon emissions of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities; W2 is the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities at the toll station; and W3 is the total carbon emissions of waste disposal at the toll station.

[0193] Example

[0194] Taking a toll station as an example, the following details the specific implementation steps of a toll station carbon emission accounting method under different toll collection modes according to the present invention:

[0195] Step 1: Define the carbon emission accounting boundaries for toll stations

[0196] The carbon emission accounting boundaries for toll stations mainly cover three aspects: carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste treatment. Carbon emissions from energy consumption systems include direct and indirect CO2 emissions from buildings and infrastructure, primarily including lighting, HVAC, domestic hot water, water pumps, and computer room systems; carbon emissions from vehicle activities include CO2 emissions from gasoline-powered and electric vehicles passing through toll stations; and carbon emissions from waste treatment involve CO2 emissions from solid waste and wastewater treatment processes. By clearly defining these accounting boundaries, comprehensive and accurate carbon emission accounting for toll stations can be achieved.

[0197] Step 2, Data Acquisition

[0198] Based on defining the accounting boundaries, step 2 involves collecting relevant data during the operation of the toll station, mainly including data on energy consumption, vehicle activity, and waste disposal.

[0199] Collect energy consumption data from toll booths, including the use of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity.

[0200] Collect data on vehicle types and quantities under different toll collection methods, covering the number of different types of passenger vehicles and freight vehicles.

[0201] Collect data related to vehicle activity, such as vehicle effective mass, fuel consumption per unit of idle speed, maximum speed limit in service areas, length of toll plazas, and number of manual toll collection (MTC) lanes and electronic toll collection (ETC) lanes.

[0202] Collect data on solid waste and wastewater treatment volumes. Comprehensive collection of this data provides an accurate foundation for subsequent carbon emission accounting.

[0203] By surveying toll stations, we obtained various types of raw data, as shown in Tables 2, 3, and 4.

[0204] Table 2. Raw data of various types

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] Table 3. Number of MTC vehicles at highway toll stations (unit: vehicles / year)

[0208]

[0209] Table 4. Number of vehicles using ETC at highway toll stations (unit: vehicles / year)

[0210]

[0211] Step 3, Selection and calculation of carbon emission factors; including energy carbon emission factors, vehicle fuel carbon emission factors, and waste treatment carbon emission factors;

[0212] Carbon emission factors should be selected from authoritative databases, such as the 2006 IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Guidelines, to ensure their timeliness and accuracy. Various carbon emission factors are shown in Table 5.

[0213] Table 5 Various carbon emission factors

[0214]

[0215]

[0216] The carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is calculated using the following formula: The specific formula for calculating the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is as follows:

[0217]

[0218] The input data is shown in Tables 6, 7 and 8.

[0219] Table 6. Values ​​of Various Parameters

[0220] <![CDATA[FC 汽油-base (kg / L)]]> <![CDATA[FC 柴油-base (kg / L)]]> β γ <![CDATA[ECF l ]]> 2.9 3 0.3 0.2 1.05

[0221] Table 7. Quality Values ​​for Various Vehicle Types

[0222]

[0223] Table 8. Values ​​of various speeds

[0224]

[0225] Using the input data in Tables 6, 7, and 8, the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel can be calculated according to the formula, and the specific values ​​are shown in Tables 9 and 10.

[0226] Table 9. Fuel Carbon Emission Factors of MTC Vehicles

[0227]

[0228] Because vehicles travel at different speeds when passing through manual toll lanes (MTC) and electronic toll collection lanes (ETC), the FC (Functional Toll Collection) rate is different when a vehicle passes through an ETC lane. 汽油-j-减速-1 FC 柴油-j-减速-1 FC 汽油-j-加速-1 FC 柴油-j-加速-1 The values ​​are different, as shown in Table 10.

[0229] Table 10 ETC Vehicle Fuel Carbon Emission Factors

[0230]

[0231] Step 4: Calculate the carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities.

[0232] The calculations are performed across five categories, primarily including electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas. The total carbon emissions from each emission source of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities are calculated using the following method:

[0233]

[0234] According to the data in the table above, the total carbon emissions from all emission sources of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities are W1 = 2348.02t.

[0235] Step 5: Calculate carbon emissions from vehicle activities.

[0236] Step 5.1, Vehicle Classification. Vehicles passing through the toll station are classified into two main categories: passenger vehicles and freight vehicles. Passenger vehicles are further divided into gasoline vehicles and trolleybuses, while freight vehicles are divided into diesel vehicles and trolleybuses. Passenger vehicles are further divided into 4 subcategories based on the number of seats, and freight vehicles are further divided into 5 subcategories based on their tonnage, as shown in Table 1.

[0237] Step 5.2, Calculation of fuel consumption for gasoline vehicles and electricity consumption for electric vehicles in manual toll collection (MTC) lanes. The calculation is performed in three phases: MTC deceleration phase, MTC queuing and idling phase, and MTC acceleration phase. Fuel consumption for gasoline vehicles and electricity consumption for electric vehicles are calculated separately for each phase.

[0238] Phase 1: MTC deceleration phase

[0239] Based on the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during the MTC deceleration phase are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 11.

[0240] Table 11 Fuel and electricity consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during MTC deceleration phase

[0241]

[0242] Phase Two: MTC Queuing and Idle Phase

[0243] Based on the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during the MTC queuing idling stage are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 12.

[0244] Table 12 Fuel and electricity consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during the MTC queuing idling phase.

[0245]

[0246] Phase 3: MTC Acceleration Phase

[0247] Based on the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during the MTC acceleration phase are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 13.

[0248] Table 13 Fuel and electricity consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during MTC acceleration.

[0249]

[0250] Based on the analysis and calculations in the above three stages, the carbon emissions of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles when passing through manual toll lanes (MTC) are calculated using the following formulas:

[0251]

[0252] The carbon emissions of four types of gasoline-powered vehicles (passenger cars) (j values ​​1, 2, 3, 4) passing through manual toll collection (MTC) lanes can be calculated using the formula.

[0253] The carbon emissions of five types of diesel-powered vehicles (trucks) (j values ​​5, 6, 7, 8, 9) passing through manual toll lanes (MTC) can be calculated using the formula.

[0254] The carbon emissions of all nine categories (α = 1, 2, 3… 9) of trolleybuses passing through manual toll collection (MTC) lanes can be calculated using the formula.

[0255] Step 5.3: Calculation of fuel consumption for gasoline vehicles and electricity consumption for electric vehicles using the Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lane. The calculation is performed in three stages: ETC deceleration stage, ETC constant speed stage, and ETC acceleration stage. Fuel consumption for gasoline vehicles and electricity consumption for electric vehicles are calculated separately for each stage.

[0256] Phase 1: ETC Deceleration Phase

[0257] Based on the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during the ETC deceleration phase are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 14.

[0258] Table 14 Fuel and electricity consumption of a vehicle (passenger or freight) during ETC deceleration phase

[0259]

[0260] Phase Two: ETC Constant Speed ​​Phase

[0261] Based on the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during the constant speed phase of ETC are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 15.

[0262] Table 15 Fuel and electricity consumption of a vehicle (passenger or freight) during constant speed ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) phase

[0263]

[0264] Phase Three: ETC Acceleration Phase

[0265] Based on the calculation formula, the fuel consumption and power consumption of a vehicle (bus or truck) during the ETC acceleration phase are calculated respectively. The main parameter settings and calculation results are shown in Table 16.

[0266] Table 16 Fuel and electricity consumption of a vehicle (passenger or freight) during ETC acceleration phase

[0267]

[0268] Based on the analysis and calculations in the above three stages, the carbon emissions of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles when passing through Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lanes are calculated using the following formulas:

[0269]

[0270] The carbon emissions of four types of gasoline-powered vehicles (passenger cars) passing through Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lanes (j takes values ​​1, 2, 3, and 4) can be calculated using the formula.

[0271] The carbon emissions of five types of diesel-powered vehicles (trucks) (j values ​​5, 6, 7, 8, 9) passing through Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lanes can be calculated using the formula.

[0272]

[0273] The carbon emissions of nine categories of trolleybuses (α = 1, 2, 3…9) passing through Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) lanes can be calculated using the formula.

[0274] Step 5.4, Calculation of Total Carbon Emissions from Vehicle Activities at Toll Stations. By combining the carbon emissions of all vehicle types under different tolling modes, the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities in the toll station area can be obtained. The formula for calculating the total carbon emissions (W2) from vehicle activities at toll stations is as follows:

[0275] W2 = W MTC +W ETC

[0276]

[0277] Based on the traffic flow data provided in Tables 3 and 4, W can be calculated using the formula. MTC =546.119t, W ETC =383.944t, W2=930.063t.

[0278] Step 6: Calculate carbon emissions from waste treatment.

[0279] The carbon emissions from waste disposal are calculated from three aspects, using the following formula:

[0280]

[0281]

[0282] According to the formula, W can be calculated. 固-焚烧 =54.9t, W 固-生化 =54t, W污水 =344.05t.

[0283] The formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from waste treatment is W3 = W 固-焚烧 +W 固-生化 +W 污水 Therefore, W3 = 452.95t.

[0284] Step 7: Calculate the total carbon emissions of toll stations.

[0285] Based on the above analysis, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions of toll stations is W. 收费站 =W1 + W2 + W3, therefore W 收费站 =3731.033t.

[0286] This invention also provides a carbon emission accounting system for toll stations under different toll collection modes, including,

[0287] The accounting boundary definition module is configured to define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including three types: carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste disposal.

[0288] The data acquisition module is configured to collect data, including energy consumption data of toll stations, vehicle types and numbers, vehicle activity-related data, solid waste treatment volume, and sewage treatment volume.

[0289] The carbon emission factor determination module is configured to determine energy carbon emission factors, vehicle fuel carbon emission factors, and waste treatment carbon emission factors. Among them, energy carbon emission factors include carbon emission factors for gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity; and waste treatment carbon emission factors include carbon emission factors for solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and wastewater treatment.

[0290] The first carbon emission total accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities based on energy carbon emission factors.

[0291] The second carbon emission total calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities based on vehicle fuel carbon emission factors and electricity carbon emission factors.

[0292] The third carbon emission total calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor of waste treatment; and,

[0293] The toll station carbon emission calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste disposal.

[0294] This invention also provides another computer device, including a processor and a memory configured to store a computer program capable of running on the processor; wherein, when the processor is configured to run the computer program, it performs the method steps described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0295] In practical applications, the aforementioned processor includes a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). It is understood that for different devices, the electronic devices used to implement the functions of the aforementioned processor can also be other types, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations.

[0296] The aforementioned memory can be volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM); or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid-state drive (SSD); or a combination of the above types of memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.

[0297] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0298] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0299] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0300] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0301] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0302] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for carbon emission accounting of toll stations under different toll collection modes, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: Define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including three types: carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste disposal. Step 2: Collect data, including energy consumption data of toll stations, vehicle types and numbers, vehicle activity-related data, solid waste treatment volume, and sewage treatment volume; Step 3: Determine the carbon emission factors for energy, vehicle fuel, and waste treatment. The carbon emission factors for energy include those for gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity. The carbon emission factors for waste treatment include those for solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and wastewater treatment. Step 4: Calculate the total carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities based on energy carbon emission factors; Step 5: Calculate the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities based on the vehicle's fuel carbon emission factor and electricity carbon emission factor; Step 6: Calculate the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor for waste treatment; Step 7: Calculate the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste disposal. In step 3, the carbon emission factors for gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, electricity, solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and sewage treatment are selected from relevant standards and regulations; the carbon emission factor for vehicle fuel is calculated. The comprehensive function expression method for the carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is as follows; ， In the formula, Indicates the dynamic carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel; Indicates the first The baseline fuel emission factor for this type of fuel; Indicates the first The quality of fuel-powered vehicles; Indicates the baseline vehicle mass; Indicates the first The vehicle speed in this state, and The value is the average speed across all stages; Indicates the reference speed; Indicates the first Environmental condition factors for similar environmental conditions. ; The specific formula for calculating the carbon emission factor of vehicle fuel is as follows: ， when At that time, the vehicle is in one of three states: deceleration, constant speed, or acceleration. The possible values ​​are as follows: ， In the formula, Indicates the reference speed during deceleration; Indicates the reference velocity in a uniform state; Indicates the reference speed in the acceleration state; , For adjustment factors; when At that time, the vehicle is in an idling state, as stipulated Values ; In step 5, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities is as follows: ， In the formula, This indicates the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities. and These represent the carbon emissions of vehicle activities using manual toll collection (MTC) lanes and automatic toll collection (ETC) lanes, respectively. ， ， In the formula, and These represent the carbon emissions of vehicle activities using manual toll collection (MTC) lanes and automatic toll collection (ETC) lanes, respectively. , and These represent the carbon emissions of passenger cars, freight cars, and trams using manual toll collection (MTC) lanes, respectively. Indicates the number of times the manual toll collection (MTC) passes through the toll lane. The number of gasoline-powered vehicles The values ​​are 1, 2, 3, and 4. Indicates passing through the first The number of diesel-powered vehicles The possible values ​​are 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Indicates passing through the first The number of trams, ; , and These represent the carbon emissions of passenger cars, freight cars, and trolleybuses using ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) lanes, respectively. This indicates the first ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) device used for non-stop toll collection. The number of gasoline-powered vehicles The values ​​are 1, 2, 3, and 4. Indicates passing through the first The number of diesel-powered vehicles The possible values ​​are 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Indicates passing through the first The number of trams, .

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities include CO2 directly emitted from fossil fuels consumed by existing buildings and infrastructure, as well as CO2 indirectly emitted from electricity consumption; emission sources include lighting systems, HVAC systems, domestic hot water systems, water pump systems, computer room systems, maintenance systems, canteens, monitoring and security systems, and office equipment. Vehicle activity carbon emissions include direct and indirect CO2 emissions from vehicles passing through toll booths; emission sources include vehicles. Carbon emissions from waste disposal include solid waste disposal from toll stations and CO2 emissions from wastewater treatment; emission sources include solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and domestic sewage treatment.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the energy consumption data of the toll station includes the usage of gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and electricity; the vehicle type and quantity include the number of different types of vehicles under different toll modes; the vehicle activity related data includes the effective mass of different types of vehicles, idling unit fuel consumption, service area maximum speed limit, toll plaza length, number of manual toll lanes and number of electronic non-stop toll lanes.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and its ancillary facilities are calculated according to the following formula: ， In the formula, This indicates the total carbon emissions from all emission sources of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities; , , , , These represent the carbon emissions generated by toll stations due to the consumption of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas, respectively. , , , , These represent the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities of the toll station, respectively. The amount of electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas used in emission sources. , respectively representing different emission sources; , , , , These represent the carbon emission factors for electricity, gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas, respectively.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions from waste treatment is as follows: ， In the formula, This indicates the total carbon emissions from waste disposal. This indicates the carbon emissions from the incineration of solid waste. This indicates the carbon emissions from the biochemical treatment of solid waste. This indicates the carbon emissions from domestic sewage treatment.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7, the formula for calculating the total carbon emissions of the toll station is as follows: ， In the formula, This refers to the total carbon emissions from toll stations. This refers to the total carbon emissions of the toll station's energy consumption system and ancillary facilities. This represents the total carbon emissions from vehicle activities at toll stations. This refers to the total carbon emissions from waste disposal.

7. A carbon emission accounting system for toll stations under different toll collection modes, applied to the carbon emission accounting method for toll stations under different toll collection modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: include, The accounting boundary definition module is configured to define the carbon emission accounting boundary of highway toll stations, including three types: carbon emissions from energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities, carbon emissions from vehicle activities, and carbon emissions from waste disposal. The data acquisition module is configured to collect data, including energy consumption data of toll stations, vehicle types and numbers, vehicle activity-related data, solid waste treatment volume, and sewage treatment volume. The carbon emission factor determination module is configured to determine energy carbon emission factors, vehicle fuel carbon emission factors, and waste treatment carbon emission factors. Among them, energy carbon emission factors include carbon emission factors for gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, and electricity; and waste treatment carbon emission factors include carbon emission factors for solid waste incineration, solid waste biochemical treatment, and wastewater treatment. The first carbon emission total accounting module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of energy consumption systems and ancillary facilities based on energy carbon emission factors. The second carbon emission total calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities based on vehicle fuel carbon emission factors and electricity carbon emission factors. The third carbon emission total calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions from waste treatment based on the carbon emission factor of waste treatment; and, The toll station carbon emission calculation module is configured to calculate the total carbon emissions of the toll station based on the total carbon emissions of the energy consumption system and ancillary facilities, the total carbon emissions of vehicle activities, and the total carbon emissions of waste disposal.

8. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a carbon emission accounting method for toll stations under different toll collection modes as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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