Synthesis method of anti-terrorist and anti-riot viscous foam

Abstract

The invention provides a synthesis method of anti-terrorist and anti-riot viscous foam, and belongs to the field of anti-terrorist and anti-riot. The method comprises the following steps: firstly synthesizing several viscous foam materials with different proportions, then measuring and calculating the expansion times, the density and the like, and screening out a proper foam formula as follows: 8.8 to 25.3 percent of polyether polyol, 8.8 to 25.3 percent of polyester polyol 4110, 3.4 percent of water, 5 percent of a surfactant L-580, 0.8 percent of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.4 percent of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 percent of a stimulant and 55.6 percent of isocyanate. The isocyanate reacts with hydroxyl; and the isocyanate reacts with polyol. Isocyanate and a foaming agent react, specifically, isocyanate and water react, unstable carbamic acid is formed firstly, and then the unstable carbamic acid is decomposed into amine and carbon dioxide. The amino group further reacts with an isocyanate group to generate a polymer containing carbamido. The prepared viscous foam is high in foaming rate, foam curing speed and foam expansion times, meanwhile, a proper amount of stimulant is introduced, and a multi-effect anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam material can be formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of anti-terrorism and anti-riot, and in particular relates to a method for synthesizing anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam. Background Art

[0003] Viscous foam is a very sticky material that can expand to several to dozens of times its own volume in the storage state when released. It is composed of rubber, resin, surfactant and foaming agent. It was first prepared and used in the "nuclear security and safety application field" by Sandia National Laboratory (SNL) in the late 1970s. The material is stored under pressure and foams when the pressure drops to atmospheric pressure. The bonding tensile strength of viscous foam is about one order of magnitude higher than that of ordinary viscous materials (such as syrup). It can be dispersed with a special spray gun. The US Marine Corps has already used it in the Somalia operation in 1995. The US military has carried out a lot of research on this type of equipment, such as spray effect tests, component toxicity assessments, skin adhesion removal tests, etc. At the same time, it has also carried out targeted equipment use training, such as riot control training and prisoner control training.

[0004] At present, it is still impossible to mass-produce sticky foam materials for anti-terrorism and anti-riot. On the one hand, the existing synthesis methods generally require a suitable pressure device to squeeze out the foam, and the pressure device has certain safety hazards in storage and transportation; on the other hand, the existing technology usually chooses fluorine-containing chemicals as foaming agents, which are usually destructive to the ozone layer and are not environmentally friendly.

[0005] However, there is no efficient and universal method for synthesizing viscous foam in China. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the preparation and properties of viscous foam materials to lay the foundation for subsequent applications. Summary of the invention

[0006] (I) Purpose of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for synthesizing an anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam material, so as to solve the technical problem of synthesizing a viscous foam with high viscosity, high expansion multiple and fast curing.

[0008] (II) Technical solution

[0009] In order to achieve the above objectives and solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is described as follows:

[0010] A method for synthesizing anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam specifically comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1. Use an analytical balance to accurately weigh the mass of isocyanate and place it in a beaker as material A for later use;

[0012] Step 2, weigh the mass of each component in material B, first stir polyether polyol 330, polyether polyol 4110, 1,4-butanediol and water to dissolve, then add surfactant L-580, stir for tens of seconds to allow L-580 to fully combine with the hydrophilic liquid, then add dibutyltin dilaurate and irritant, stir for 5 minutes, let stand, and finally form a relatively stable emulsion system for standby use;

[0013] Step 3: Take 10g of material B according to the ratio of material A: material B = 1.25:1, pour it into the mold, then quickly pour material A into the mold containing material B, stir for dozens of seconds, a milky white phenomenon will appear, and then let it stand for foaming.

[0014] The components of the materials required to be added in the above steps are as follows:

[0015] Material A: Material B = 1.25:1;

[0016] Polyether polyol is 8.8-25.3%, polyester polyol 4110 is 8.8-25.3%, water is 3.4%, surfactant L-580 is 5%, 1,4-butanediol is 0.8%, dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.4%, irritant is 1%, and isocyanate is 55.6%.

[0017] Furthermore, the viscous foam ratio with the best performance of the present invention is:

[0018] Polyether polyol is 16.9%, polyester polyol 4110 is 16.9%, water is 3.4%, surfactant L-580 is 5%, 1,4-butanediol is 0.8%, dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.4%, irritant is 1%, and isocyanate is 55.6%.

[0019] Furthermore, the mass of the isocyanate in step 1 is 12.5 g.

[0020] Furthermore, in the material B in step 2, the mass of polyether polyol 330 is 5g-15g, and in some embodiments, the mass can be 5g, 10g, or 15g; the mass of polyether polyol 4110 is 5g-15g, and in some embodiments, the mass can be 5g, 10g, or 15g; the mass of 1,4-butanediol is 0.5g; the mass of water is 2g; the mass of surfactant L-580 is 3g; the mass of dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.25g; and the mass of stimulant CS or OC is 0.6g.

[0021] Furthermore, material A and material B are stored independently and mixed during anti-terrorism and anti-riot applications, thereby avoiding reactions between the materials during storage or transportation.

[0022] (III) Effective income

[0023] 1. The viscous foam material prepared by the present invention has the advantages of fast foaming rate, fast foam curing, high foam expansion multiple, rapid reaction, strong viscosity, non-toxic and harmless. At the same time, the present invention introduces an appropriate amount of stimulant, has excellent properties such as a certain stimulating effect, and can form a multi-effect anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam material, which is suitable for use in related scenes in the field of anti-terrorism and anti-riot.

[0024] 2. The two components of the present invention are stored independently and mixed during anti-terrorism and anti-riot applications, thereby avoiding reactions between the materials during storage or transportation, and further ensuring its safety.

[0025] 3. The preparation process of the present invention is simple and can be carried out at room temperature and normal pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the synthesis process of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 The following are pictures of samples of various embodiments;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a performance diagram of the expansion multiple and density of foam materials of different embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments, but the scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the embodiments.

[0030] The scientific basis of the present invention is as follows: Since polyurethane foam has the advantages of low apparent density, easy production and low cost, it can be synthesized by adjusting the formula to meet different application scenarios. Therefore, the present invention is based on polyurethane foam, and the material is studied on its basis to prepare a viscous foam material suitable for anti-terrorism and anti-riot. The main raw materials for preparing viscous foam are isocyanate and polyol, wherein isocyanate provides a hard chain and polyol provides a soft chain, and a cross-linking reaction occurs together to form a foam material. At the same time, other ingredients (such as catalysts, foaming agents and surfactants) still need to be added to the raw material components to control the expansion volume, expansion multiple and expansion rate of the foam to meet the needs of other application scenarios. Among them, catalysts are often used to increase the reaction rate and curing rate, and multiple catalysts are usually used to synergistically improve efficiency; foaming agents achieve the expansion of foam volume by producing carbon dioxide or nitrogen; surfactants can ensure that bubbles grow stably and evenly during the polymerization process.

[0031] The invention firstly synthesizes several kinds of viscous foam materials with different proportions, then measures and calculates the expansion multiples, densities and the like of the materials, and screens out a suitable foam formula.

[0032] The present invention is based on the foaming process of polyurethane foam:

[0033] Isocyanate groups are chemically sensitive and active, and can react with more active hydrogen. The foaming process includes the following reactions:

[0034] 1. Reaction of isocyanate and hydroxyl: Isocyanate and polyol react.

[0035] 2. Reaction of isocyanate and blowing agent: Isocyanate reacts with water to first form unstable carbamic acid, which then decomposes into amine and carbon dioxide.

[0036] 3. The amine group further reacts with the isocyanate group to generate a polymer containing urea groups.

[0037] The present invention provides a method for synthesizing anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam, which specifically comprises the following steps: Figure 1 As shown:

[0038] Step 1. Use an analytical balance to accurately weigh the mass of isocyanate and place it in a beaker as material A for later use;

[0039] Step 2, weigh the mass of each component in material B, first stir polyether polyol 330, polyether polyol 4110, 1,4-butanediol and water to dissolve, then add surfactant L-580, stir for tens of seconds to allow L-580 to fully combine with the hydrophilic liquid, then add dibutyltin dilaurate and irritant, stir for 5 minutes, let stand, and finally form a relatively stable emulsion system for standby use;

[0040] Step 3: Take 10g of material B according to the ratio of material A: material B = 1.25:1, pour it into the mold, then quickly pour material A into the mold containing material B, stir for dozens of seconds, a milky white phenomenon will appear, and then let it stand for foaming.

[0041] The components of the materials required to be added in the above steps are as follows:

[0042] Material A: Material B = 1.25:1;

[0043] Polyether polyol is 8.8-25.3%, polyester polyol 4110 is 8.8-25.3%, water is 3.4%, surfactant L-580 is 5%, 1,4-butanediol is 0.8%, dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.4%, irritant is 1%, and isocyanate is 55.6%.

[0044] The viscous foam ratio with the best performance of the present invention is:

[0045] Polyether polyol is 16.9%, polyester polyol 4110 is 16.9%, water is 3.4%, surfactant L-580 is 5%, 1,4-butanediol is 0.8%, dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.4%, irritant is 1%, and isocyanate is 55.6%.

[0046] The mass of the isocyanate in step 1 is 12.5 g.

[0047] In the material B of step 2, the mass of polyether polyol 330 is 5g-15g, and in some embodiments, the mass can be 5g, 10g, or 15g; the mass of polyether polyol 4110 is 5g-15g, and in some embodiments, the mass can be 5g, 10g, or 15g; the mass of 1,4-butanediol is 0.5g; the mass of water is 2g; the mass of surfactant L-580 is 3g; the mass of dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.25g; and the mass of stimulant CS or OC is 0.6g.

[0048] In the present invention, 1,4-butanediol is a type of chain extension crosslinking agent, which can generate linear polymers through chain extension reactions, accelerate the foaming reaction, encapsulate more gas in the polymer, increase the number of bubble mergers, and ultimately make the foam present a larger expansion volume. If dibutyltin dilaurate is added to the system, the reaction will be very fast and violent, and the foam can be quickly solidified. This is because dibutyltin dilaurate is a catalyst with strong gel properties, and even a slight change in it may lead to a drastic change in performance.

[0049] In the present invention, the surfactant L-580 is a non-hydrolyzable silicone surfactant suitable for producing low-density soft foam. During the reaction process, L-580 can also stabilize the foam performance and adjust the pore structure.

[0050] At the same time, the main reactions using water as the foaming agent are chain growth reaction and foaming reaction, so it is necessary to add an appropriate amount of water, which is a necessary component required for foam expansion.

[0051] Embodiment 1:

[0052] Material A: Isocyanate: 12.5g.

[0053] Material B: Polyether polyol 330: 10g; Polyether polyol 4110: 10g; 1,4-butanediol: 0.5g;

[0054] Ultrapure water: 2g; surfactant L-580: 3g; dibutyltin dilaurate: 0.25g; irritant CS or OC: 0.6g.

[0055] First, polyether polyol 330, polyether polyol 4110, 1,4-butanediol and water were stirred and mixed, and then surfactant L-580 was added, stirred for tens of seconds, and then dibutyltin dilaurate and irritant were added, stirred for 5 minutes, and allowed to stand.

[0056] Mixing process of material A and material B:

[0057] Take 10g of material B and pour it into the mold, then quickly pour material A into the mold containing material B. After stirring for dozens of seconds, a milky white phenomenon appears, and then let it stand to foam.

[0058] Embodiment 2:

[0059] Material A: Isocyanate: 12.5g.

[0060] Material B: Polyether polyol 330: 5g; Polyether polyol 4110: 15g; 1,4-butanediol: 0.5g;

[0061] Ultrapure water: 2g; surfactant L-580: 3g; dibutyltin dilaurate: 0.25g; irritant CS or OC: 0.6g.

[0062] First, polyether polyol 330, polyether polyol 4110, 1,4-butanediol and water were stirred and mixed, and then surfactant L-580 was added, stirred for tens of seconds, and then dibutyltin dilaurate and irritant were added, stirred for 5 minutes, and allowed to stand.

[0063] Mixing process of material A and material B:

[0064] Take 10g of material B and pour it into the mold, then quickly pour material A into the mold containing material B. After stirring for dozens of seconds, a milky white phenomenon appears, and then let it stand to foam.

[0065] Embodiment 3:

[0066] Material A: Isocyanate: 12.5g.

[0067] Material B: Polyether polyol 330: 15g; Polyether polyol 4110: 5g; 1,4-butanediol: 0.5g; Ultrapure water: 2g; Surfactant L-580: 3g; Dibutyltin dilaurate: 0.25g; Irritant CS or OC: 0.6g.

[0068] First, polyether polyol 330, polyether polyol 4110, 1,4-butanediol and water were stirred and mixed, and then surfactant L-580 was added, stirred for tens of seconds, and then dibutyltin dilaurate and irritant were added, stirred for 5 minutes, and allowed to stand.

[0069] Mixing process of material A and material B:

[0070] Take 10g of material B and pour it into the mold, then quickly pour material A into the mold containing material B. After stirring for dozens of seconds, a milky white phenomenon appears, and then let it stand to foam.

[0071] Figure 2 The following are photos of samples of different embodiments, which can intuitively show the changes in volume of different embodiments. a is embodiment 1, with a volume of 850 mL, and foaming starts after 30 seconds; b is embodiment 2, with a volume of 600 mL, and foaming starts after 20 seconds; c is embodiment 3, with a volume of 880 mL, and foaming starts after 15 seconds. The foam materials all have a faster foaming rate and a larger expansion volume.

[0072] Figure 3 The expansion multiple and density performance diagram of foam materials in different embodiments. The expansion multiple of the foam material synthesized in embodiment 1 is 40 times, and the density is 24.8kg / m 3 The expansion multiple of the foam material synthesized in Example 2 is 28 times, and the density is 37.8kg / m 3 The expansion multiple of the foam material synthesized in Example 3 is 41 times, and the density is 24.6kg / m 3 The three foam materials all have good expansion multiples and densities. It can be found that with the increase of polyether polyol 4110, the expansion volume of the foam will decrease and the density will increase. Therefore, when the ratio of polyether polyol 330 to polyether polyol 4110 is 1:1, that is, Example 3, the performance of the foam material is the best.

[0073] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific implementation methods, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for synthesizing anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Use an analytical balance to weigh the mass of isocyanate and place it in a beaker as A. Materials, spare; Step 2, polyether polyol 330, polyether polyol 4110, 1,4-butanediol and water are stirred and mixed, and then surfactant L-580 is added and stirred for tens of seconds to allow L-580 to fully combine with the hydrophilic liquid, and then dibutyltin dilaurate and irritant are added, stirred for 5 minutes, and allowed to stand to finally form a relatively stable emulsion system as material B for standby use; Step 3, take material B according to the ratio of material A: material B = 1.25:1, pour it into the mold, then quickly pour material A into the mold containing material B, stir for tens of seconds, a milky phenomenon appears, and then stand for foaming; The components of the materials required to be added in the above steps are as follows: Polyether polyol is 8.8-25.3%, polyester polyol 4110 is 8.8-25.3%, water is 3.4%, surfactant L-580 is 5%, 1,4-butanediol is 0.8%, dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.4%, irritant is 1%, and isocyanate is 55.6%.

2. A method for synthesizing an anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The best composition ratio of the viscous foam is as follows: Polyether polyol is 16.9%, polyester polyol 4110 is 16.9%, water is 3.4%, surfactant L-580 is 5%, 1,4-butanediol is 0.8%, dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.4%, irritant is 1%, and isocyanate is 55.6%.

3. A method for synthesizing an anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of the isocyanate in step 1 is 12.5 g.

4. The method for synthesizing an anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the material B described in step 2, the mass of polyether polyol 330 is 5g-15g; the mass of polyether polyol 4110 is 5g-15g; the mass of water is 2g; the mass of surfactant L-580 is 3g; the mass of dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.25g; and the mass of stimulant CS or OC is 0.6g.

5. The method for synthesizing an anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the material B described in step 2, the mass of polyether polyol 330 is 5g, 10g, and 15g; the mass of polyether polyol 4110 is 5g, 10g, and 15g; the mass of 1,4-butanediol is 0.5g; the mass of water is 2g; the mass of surfactant L-580 is 3g; the mass of dibutyltin dilaurate is 0.25g; and the mass of stimulant CS or OC is 0.6g.

6. A method for synthesizing an anti-terrorism and anti-riot viscous foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The material A and the material B are stored independently and mixed during anti-terrorism and anti-riot applications, thereby avoiding reactions between the materials during storage or transportation.

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