Floating type wharf lifting adjusting structure and method under large-water-head stable water surface environment

Abstract

The invention relates to a floating wharf lifting adjusting structure and method in a large-water-head stable water surface environment. The problem that under the extreme hydrological condition, when the actual water level is higher than the designed high water level or lower than the designed low water level, the floating type wharf guiding structure is large in stress is solved. The structure comprises a buoyancy tank wharf, a positioning pile is arranged on one side of the buoyancy tank wharf, the positioning pile is sleeved with one side of the buoyancy tank wharf in a lifting mode, the buoyancy tank wharf comprises a buoyancy tank frame, buoyancy tank bodies are embedded in the buoyancy tank frame, and inflatable and deflatable air bags are arranged in gaps between the adjacent buoyancy tank bodies; the positioning pile is sleeved with a sliding frame, the floating box wharf is fixed on the sliding frame, the floating box wharf is connected with the sliding frame through an upper connecting point and a lower connecting point, the lower connecting point is connected through a hinged shaft, and the upper connecting point is connected through a detachable pin shaft or a bolt. Smooth lifting of the buoyancy tank wharf is guaranteed under the normal water level, and a lifting guide structure of the buoyancy tank wharf is protected under the extreme hydrological condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of port docks and relates to a floating dock, and in particular to a floating dock lifting and adjusting structure and method in a stable water surface environment with a large water level difference. Background Art

[0002] In 2023, the national inland waterway transport will complete a freight volume of 4.791 billion tons and a cargo turnover of 2077.254 billion ton-kilometers; the ocean transport will complete a freight volume of 4.577 billion tons and a cargo turnover of 10917.898 billion ton-kilometers. In 2023, the national waterway passenger volume will reach 258 million person-times and the passenger turnover will reach 5.377 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 121.6% and 137.9% respectively over 2022.

[0003] Floating docks have a strong ability to adapt to large water level differences, mainly due to the fact that their dock surfaces are not fixed like gravity structures and high-pile structures, but can float up and down with water level changes. In most passenger terminals distributed in my country, the structural type is mostly barge docks, such as Wuhan Zhonghua Road Passenger Terminal along the Yangtze River, Wuhan Ferry Yellow Crane Tower Terminal, Chongqing Chaotianmen Terminal, Chongqing Cuntan Cruise Terminal, Taizhou Maritime Passenger Transport Center Terminal on Jiaojiang River, etc. There are also some special tourist docks such as inland rivers and lakes with little water level changes and relatively good hydrological conditions. The structural type is simpler, mostly pontoon or float structure, such as Qianfengyang Station and Nanyang Village Station for Changxing Beautiful Channel cruise ships to dock.

[0004] Floating structure refers to a floating structure used for berthing of cruise ships and for boarding and disembarking of personnel, mainly including pontoons, anchors and connecting bridges. The pontoon consists of pontoons, pontoon frames, pavements, etc. In the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, where water networks are dense and water transportation is highly developed, floating structures are particularly unique and adaptable. However, the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions also have the problem of large water level differences in rivers during flood season and dry season. Although the difference between the designed high water level and the designed low water level is fully considered during the design, there will still be extreme floods and dry seasons, exceeding the designed high water level and the designed low water level, resulting in excessive stress on the guide structure of the floating dock, affecting its service life. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the guiding structure of a floating dock is subjected to great stress when the actual water level is higher than the designed high water level or lower than the designed low water level under extreme hydrological conditions, and to provide a floating dock lifting and adjusting structure and method under a stable water surface environment with a large water level difference, which can smoothly lift, float and guide the floating dock within the designed water level range, and reduce the stress on the guiding structure under extreme water level conditions to avoid damage to the floating dock.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a stable water surface environment with a large water level difference, including a pontoon dock, a positioning pile is arranged on one side of the pontoon dock, and one side of the pontoon dock can be lifted and lowered on the positioning pile, and the pontoon dock includes a pontoon frame, a pontoon body is embedded in the pontoon frame, and an inflatable and deflable air bag is arranged in the gap between adjacent pontoon bodies; a sliding frame is arranged on the outer surface of the positioning pile, and the pontoon dock is fixed on the sliding frame, and the pontoon dock is connected to the sliding frame through upper and lower connection points, wherein the lower connection point is connected by a hinge shaft, and the upper connection point is connected by a detachable pin shaft or bolt.

[0007] This device is particularly suitable for the Jiangnan region where the water level difference is large. The regional water level data is used as the design basis for the design high water level and the design low water level. However, there will still be flood periods higher than the design high water level and dry periods lower than the design low water level or even lower than the warning water level in the Jiangnan region. Under the special hydrological conditions of the above flood and dry periods, the pontoon dock of this scheme is no longer suitable for use. At this time, the use of the pontoon dock is not considered, and the main consideration is the protection of the pontoon dock itself.

[0008] During normal use, the pontoon is the main buoyancy source of the pontoon dock, and the airbag is the supplementary buoyancy source, which together provide buoyancy for the pontoon dock, so that the pontoon dock can maintain sufficient buoyancy under full load conditions. During the flood period, the actual water level is higher than the designed high water level. At this time, the floating limit structure restricts the floating dock from continuing to rise, and the pontoon dock will be submerged in the water. The buoyancy it receives is greater than the deadweight of the dock. The buoyancy will act on the sliding guide sliding frame. At this time, the airbag is deflated to reduce the buoyancy of the pontoon dock, thereby reducing the force on the sliding frame. During the dry season, when the pontoon dock drops to the warning water level, the upper connection point of the pontoon dock and the sliding frame is disconnected. When the water level continues to drop, the outer end of the pontoon dock swings downward around the lower connection point. At this time, the airbag remains inflated, so that the outer end of the pontoon dock floats on the water surface, reducing the impact of its own weight on the sliding frame. When the water level rises again, the upper connection point of the pontoon dock and the sliding frame is re-fixed.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding frame is evenly provided with a plurality of guide wheels around the positioning piles, and the guide wheels are divided into two layers, upper and lower layers, which are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the sliding frame.

[0010] Preferably, the guide wheels on the upper and lower layers are the same in number and aligned vertically.

[0011] Preferably, a chain is provided between the upper part of the sliding frame and the upper part of the pontoon dock, which can provide traction protection when the pontoon dock is disconnected from the upper connection point of the sliding frame, and provide a pulling force point during the re-fixing process, so as to facilitate the alignment of the upper connection point.

[0012] Preferably, the middle part of the positioning pile is a limiting section, the upper and lower parts of the positioning pile are ordinary sections, the outer diameter of the positioning pile in the limiting section is smaller than that of the positioning pile in the ordinary section, and a limiting step is formed at the junction of the limiting section and the ordinary section.

[0013] Preferably, the highest point of the limit section is flush with the designed high water level, and the lowest point of the limit section is the warning water level, which is lower than the designed low water level.

[0014] Preferably, the buoyancy box body is made of high-density polyethylene buoyancy box.

[0015] Preferably, the upper surface of the pontoon frame is paved with a dock surface layer.

[0016] A floating dock lifting and adjusting method in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment, using the floating dock lifting and adjusting structure, when the dock is operating normally between the designed high water level and the designed low water level, the pontoon is used as the main buoyancy source of the pontoon dock, and the airbag is inflated as a supplementary buoyancy source, which together provide the buoyancy of the pontoon dock; During flood period, the actual water level is higher than the designed high water level. At this time, the floating limit structure restricts the floating dock from continuing to rise, and the pontoon dock will be submerged in the water and is not suitable for open use. The buoyancy of the pontoon dock is greater than the deadweight of the dock. At this time, the airbag is deflated to reduce the buoyancy of the pontoon dock, thereby reducing the force on the sliding frame; During the dry season, when the pontoon dock drops below the designed low water level, the dock stops being used; when the dock drops to the warning water level, the upper connection point of the pontoon dock and the sliding frame is disconnected. When the water level continues to drop, the outer end of the pontoon dock swings downward around the lower connection point. At this time, the airbag remains inflated, so that the outer end of the pontoon dock floats on the water surface, reducing the impact of its own weight on the sliding frame; When the water level rises above the warning water level again, the upper connection point between the pontoon dock and the sliding frame is re-secured.

[0017] The present invention is suitable for the Jiangnan region where the water level difference is relatively large. It ensures the smooth lifting and lowering of the pontoon dock under normal water levels and protects the lifting and lowering guide structure of the pontoon dock under extreme hydrological conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a floating box dock structure under normal water level.

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the state of a pontoon dock in the dry season.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the state of a pontoon dock during a flood period of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a floating box dock frame structure of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. positioning pile, 2. limiting section, 3. sliding frame, 4. guide wheel, 5. pontoon frame, 6. pontoon body, 7. dock surface, 8. airbag, 9. upper connection point, 10. lower connection point, 11. chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Embodiment: A floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment, such as Figure 1 , 4 As shown. This structure includes a pontoon dock, and a positioning pile 1 is set on one side of the pontoon dock. One side of the pontoon dock can be lifted and lowered on the positioning pile. The pontoon dock includes a pontoon frame 5, and the upper surface of the pontoon frame is paved with a dock surface layer 7. A pontoon body 6 is embedded in the pontoon frame, and an inflatable and deflable air bag 8 is set in the gap between adjacent pontoon bodies.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the middle part of the positioning pile 1 is the limiting section 2, and the upper and lower parts of the positioning pile are ordinary sections. The outer diameter of the positioning pile 1 of the limiting section 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the positioning pile of the ordinary section, and a limiting step is formed at the junction of the limiting section and the ordinary section. The highest point of the limiting section 2 is flush with the designed high water level, and the lowest point of the limiting section is the warning water level, which is lower than the designed low water level. A sliding frame 3 is provided on the outer surface of the limiting section 2 of the positioning pile 1, and the pontoon dock is fixed on the sliding frame 3. The pontoon dock is connected to the sliding frame 3 through upper and lower connection points, and the upper and lower connection points are both set at the ends of the pontoon frame of the pontoon dock, wherein the lower connection point 10 is connected by a hinge shaft, and the upper connection point 9 is connected by a detachable pin shaft or bolt. A chain 11 is set between the upper part of the sliding frame 3 and the upper part of the pontoon dock. The sliding frame 3 is evenly provided with a number of guide wheels 4 around the limiting section 2 of the positioning pile 1, and the guide wheels 4 are divided into upper and lower layers, which are respectively set at the top and bottom of the sliding frame 3. The guide wheels 4 on the upper and lower layers are the same in number and aligned vertically.

[0027] The lifting and adjusting method of floating dock is as follows: like Figure 1As shown, when the dock is operating normally, the pontoon is the main buoyancy source of the pontoon dock, and the airbag is the supplementary buoyancy source, which together provide buoyancy for the pontoon dock, so that the pontoon dock can maintain sufficient buoyancy under full load conditions. In the figure, the pontoon dock and the sliding frame at the design high water level are represented by solid lines, and the pontoon dock and the sliding frame at the design low water level and warning water level are represented by dotted lines. There is only one pontoon dock here, and the figure only shows that the pontoon dock is adjustable between different heights, not that multiple pontoon docks are set up above and below.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, during the flood period, the actual water level is higher than the designed high water level. At this time, the floating limit structure restricts the floating dock from continuing to rise, and the pontoon dock will be submerged in the water and is not suitable for open use. The buoyancy of the pontoon dock is greater than the dead weight of the dock, and the buoyancy will act on the sliding frame of the sliding guide. At this time, the airbag is deflated to reduce the buoyancy of the pontoon dock, thereby reducing the force on the sliding frame.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, during the dry season, when the pontoon dock drops below the designed low water level, the dock is no longer in use. When the dock drops to the warning water level, the upper connection point of the pontoon dock and the sliding frame is disconnected. When the water level continues to drop, the outer end of the pontoon dock swings downward around the lower connection point. At this time, the airbag remains inflated, so that the outer end of the pontoon dock floats on the water surface, reducing the impact of its own weight on the sliding frame. When the water level rises above the warning water level again, the upper connection point of the pontoon dock and the sliding frame is re-fixed.

Claims

1. A floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment, comprising a pontoon dock, a positioning pile is arranged on one side of the pontoon dock, and one side of the pontoon dock can be lifted and lowered on the positioning pile, characterized in that: The pontoon wharf comprises a pontoon frame, in which a pontoon body is embedded, and an inflatable air bag is provided in the gap between adjacent pontoon bodies; a sliding frame is provided outside the positioning pile, and the pontoon wharf is fixed on the sliding frame, and the pontoon wharf is connected to the sliding frame through upper and lower connection points, wherein the lower connection point is connected by a hinge shaft, and the upper connection point is connected by a detachable pin shaft or bolt.

2. The floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sliding frame is evenly provided with a plurality of guide wheels around the positioning piles, and the guide wheels are divided into two layers, upper and lower layers, which are respectively provided at the top and the bottom of the sliding frame.

3. The floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment according to claim 2 is characterized by: The number of guide wheels on the upper and lower layers is the same and they are aligned vertically.

4. The floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: A chain is arranged between the upper part of the sliding frame and the upper part of the pontoon dock.

5. The floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The middle part of the positioning pile is a limiting section, the upper and lower parts of the positioning pile are common sections, the outer diameter of the positioning pile in the limiting section is smaller than that of the common section, and a limiting step is formed at the junction of the limiting section and the common section.

6. The floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment according to claim 5 is characterized by: The highest point of the limit section is flush with the designed high water level, and the lowest point of the limit section is the warning water level, which is lower than the designed low water level.

7. The floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The buoyancy box body adopts a high-density polyethylene buoyancy box.

8. The floating dock lifting and adjusting structure in a large water level difference and stable water surface environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper surface of the pontoon frame is paved with a dock surface layer.

9. A method for adjusting the lifting of a floating dock in a stable water surface environment with a large water level difference, using the floating dock lifting adjustment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: When the dock operates normally between the designed high water level and the designed low water level, the pontoon is the main buoyancy source of the dock, and the airbag is inflated as a supplementary buoyancy source, which together provide the buoyancy of the dock; During flood period, the actual water level is higher than the designed high water level. At this time, the floating limit structure restricts the floating dock from continuing to rise, and the pontoon dock will be submerged in the water and is not suitable for open use. The buoyancy of the pontoon dock is greater than the deadweight of the dock. At this time, the airbag is deflated to reduce the buoyancy of the pontoon dock, thereby reducing the force on the sliding frame; During the dry season, when the pontoon dock drops below the designed low water level, the dock stops being used; when the dock drops to the warning water level, the upper connection point of the pontoon dock and the sliding frame is disconnected. When the water level continues to drop, the outer end of the pontoon dock swings downward around the lower connection point. At this time, the airbag remains inflated, so that the outer end of the pontoon dock floats on the water surface, reducing the impact of its own weight on the sliding frame; When the water level rises above the warning water level again, the upper connection point between the pontoon dock and the sliding frame is re-secured.

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