Propulsion compensation joint and drilling apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, and discloses a propelling compensation joint and a drilling device. The propelling compensation joint comprises a short joint shell, a transmission piston, a torque increasing module and a transmission module. The short joint shell has a hollow column cavity penetrating along the length direction of the short joint shell. The transmission piston comprises a transmission end and a connecting end. The transmission end is inserted into the hollow column cavity. The transmission end is in sliding fit with the short joint shell in the axial direction and is in rotation-stopping fit with the short joint shell in the circumferential direction. The connecting end is exposed outside the short joint shell. The torque increasing module is arranged in the hollow column cavity. The torque increasing module is used for converting the kinetic energy of high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow column cavity into mechanical energy rotating around the axial direction. The transmission module is arranged at one end of the short joint shell away from the transmission piston. One end of the transmission module is in transmission connection with the torque increasing module, and the other end is used for connecting a drill bit. The propelling compensation joint provided by the application can be applied to large displacement horizontal well and ultra-deep well operation, has high drilling speed and large torque.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation, and particularly relates to a propelling compensation nipple and a drilling equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous deepening of oil exploration and development, shallow and easily developed oil and gas resources are less and less, and seeking oil and gas resources under deep strata and complex geological conditions is gradually becoming an important work of current marine and land exploration and development. Deep hard rock usually shows properties such as high strength, high hardness, strong abrasiveness, serious heterogeneity and poor drillability in the drilling process. In the process of drilling into an ocean extended reach well, the frictional torque of the drilling pipe string increases continuously with the increase of the length of the horizontal section, and shows the phenomena of insufficient torque transmission and difficulty in running in the pipe string. The existing rock breaking tools and drilling methods generally have problems such as slow drilling speed, short bit life, long drilling cycle and high drilling cost, which directly restricts the drilling speed of deep and ultra-deep wells and the overall benefit of exploration and development.

[0003] In recent years, new technologies for improving the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit mainly reflect in the cutting tooth technology and the drill bit cutting structure design, typical new technologies include conical polycrystalline diamond (PDC) teeth, 360° rotary PDC teeth, ridge-shaped PDC teeth and PDC-cone composite drill bits, etc. On the auxiliary rock breaking tools, people have designed and developed pulse jet pressure relief drill string sub and pulse jet vibration tools, etc., which have improved the drilling speed of the PDC drill bit in deep strata and extended reach horizontal wells to a certain extent, but the key problem of slow mechanical drilling speed in the extended reach horizontal well and the ultra-deep well is the insufficient torque transmission and the difficulty in running in the drill string, so new technologies are still needed to solve this problem. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a propelling compensation nipple and a drilling equipment, which are used to solve the problems of insufficient torque transmission and difficulty in running in the drill string of the existing drilling equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a propelling compensation nipple, which is applied to a drilling equipment, and the propelling compensation nipple comprises a nipple shell, a transmission piston, a torque increasing module and a transmission module;

[0006] The nipple shell has a hollow column cavity penetrating along the length direction of the nipple shell;

[0007] The transmission piston comprises a transmission end and a connecting end, the transmission end is inserted into the hollow column cavity, the transmission end forms a sliding fit with the nipple shell in the axial direction and forms a rotation-stopping fit with the nipple shell in the circumferential direction, and the connecting end is exposed outside the nipple shell and is used to externally connect a drilling pipe;

[0008] a torque increasing module arranged in the hollow column cavity, the torque increasing module being configured to convert kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow column cavity into mechanical energy for axial rotation; and

[0009] a transmission module arranged at an end of the short section housing distal to the transmission piston, the transmission module being configured to be drivingly connected to the torque increasing module at one end and to a drill bit at the other end.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0011] In some embodiments, the hollow column cavity is provided with a first guide portion extending along an axial direction on an inner wall of the transmission piston, and the transmission end is provided with a second guide portion extending along an axial direction on an outer circumferential surface thereof.

[0012] The first guide portion and the second guide portion are in a concave-convex matching relationship.

[0013] In some embodiments, the torque increasing module comprises:

[0014] a turbine mechanism rotatably arranged in the hollow column cavity, the turbine mechanism being configured to convert kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow column cavity into mechanical energy for axial rotation; and

[0015] a speed reduction and torque increasing mechanism arranged at an end of the turbine mechanism distal to the transmission piston, the speed reduction and torque increasing mechanism being configured to be drivingly connected to the turbine mechanism at an input end and to the transmission module at an output end.

[0016] In some embodiments, the turbine mechanism comprises:

[0017] a pressure bearing coaxially arranged with the hollow column cavity; and

[0018] a turbine body arranged at a side of the pressure bearing distal to the transmission piston.

[0019] The pressure bearing comprises a first pressure cover and a second pressure cover arranged in axial alignment, the first pressure cover is in abutment or fixed connection with an inner wall of the hollow column cavity, and the second pressure cover is in fixed connection with the turbine body.

[0020] In some embodiments, the speed reduction and torque increasing mechanism comprises at least two levels of planetary speed reduction assemblies connected in series.

[0021] The input end of the planetary speed reduction assembly at the first level is drivingly connected to the turbine mechanism, and the output end of the planetary speed reduction assembly at the last level is drivingly connected to the transmission module.

[0022] In some embodiments, the planetary speed reduction assembly comprises:

[0023] A gear ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the hollow column cavity;

[0024] A planet carrier is arranged in the gear ring;

[0025] A sun gear is arranged in the middle of the gear ring and is connected with the turbine mechanism through a transmission shaft or the planet carrier of the upper-stage planet reduction assembly; and

[0026] A planet gear set is rotatably arranged on the planet carrier and is in meshing transmission with the sun gear.

[0027] In some embodiments, the transmission module comprises a transmission frame, rolling columns and a pushing elastic member, one end of the transmission frame is connected with the torque increasing module, the other end is used for connecting the drill bit, the outer circumferential surface of the transmission frame is provided with a plurality of grooves, the groove depth direction of the grooves is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the transmission frame, and the orientations of the grooves of all the grooves are the same as the rotating direction of the drill bit;

[0028] Each of the grooves is arranged with the rolling column and the pushing elastic member, one end of the pushing elastic member is connected with the groove bottom, the other end is in abutment with the cylindrical surface of the rolling column, and is used for driving the rolling column to extend to the groove opening and contact the inner wall of the hollow column cavity.

[0029] In some embodiments, the propulsion compensation section further comprises a reverse jet module, the reverse jet module is arranged at the other end of the transmission module and is connected with the transmission module, and the reverse jet module is used for being connected with the drill bit;

[0030] The inner cavity of the reverse jet module is communicated with the hollow column cavity, the outer circumferential wall of the reverse jet module is provided with a nozzle, the nozzle is communicated with the inner cavity through a flow channel, and the included angle between the jet direction of the nozzle and the rotating direction of the drill bit is obtuse.

[0031] In some embodiments, the end of the transmission module is inserted into the inner cavity of the reverse jet module, and the end of the transmission module is further provided with a pressure bearing elastic member;

[0032] When the transmission module compresses the pressure bearing elastic member, the transmission module blocks the inlet of the flow channel, and when the transmission module releases the compression of the pressure bearing elastic member, the transmission module unblocks.

[0033] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second aspect of the present application provides a drilling equipment, which comprises a drill bit and a propulsion compensation section according to the first aspect described above.

[0034] The drill bit is a center roller type composite drill bit, and the height of the center roller is higher or lower than the height of the outer circumferential roller.

[0035] Compared with existing technologies, the propulsion compensation joint and drilling equipment provided in this application have at least the following technical advantages:

[0036] The propulsion compensator provided in this application, when used in drilling equipment, allows the drive piston to rotate the short section housing and internal components together. Due to the axial displacement between the drive piston and the short section housing, after the high-pressure drilling fluid enters the short section housing, the high-pressure fluid first passes through the torque-enhancing module, which converts the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid into mechanical energy for axial rotation, driving the drill bit to rotate. This increases the torque of the drill bit when breaking rocks, thereby increasing the drilling speed and enabling deeper drilling and longer reach wells. Furthermore, the high-pressure fluid generates a forward thrust on the propulsion compensator. With the drive piston stationary, the short section housing, torque-enhancing module, and drive module within the propulsion compensator drive the drill bit forward, ensuring that the cutting part of the drill bit remains in contact with the formation. Therefore, the propulsion compensator provided in this application is suitable for horizontal wells with high reach and ultra-deep well operations, offering high drilling speed and high torque.

[0037] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a propulsion compensation section provided for the implementation of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure of the propulsion compensation section with a drill bit installed.

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the propulsion compensation section along its own axis is shown.

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shown illustrates the internal structure of the propulsion compensation section, which conceals the outer shell of the short section.

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partially exploded schematic diagram of the deceleration and torque amplification mechanism in the propulsion compensation section shown.

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 4 a partial structure diagram of a transmission module in the propelling compensation joint shown in FIG. 1;

[0045] Figure 7 for Figure 3 a partial enlarged diagram at A in FIG. 1;

[0046] Figure 8 a three-dimensional structure diagram of a drill bit provided by the present application.

[0047] Explanation of Reference Signs

[0048] 10, propelling compensation joint; 20, drill bit;

[0049] 100, joint shell; 110, hollow column cavity; 120, first guide part;

[0050] 200, transmission piston; 210, transmission end; 211, second guide part; 220, connection end;

[0051] 300, torque increasing module; 310, turbine mechanism; 311, pressure bearing; 3110, first pressure cover; 3111, second pressure cover; 3112, ball; 312, turbine body; 320, speed reduction and torque increasing mechanism; 320a, planetary speed reduction assembly; 321, gear ring; 322, planetary carrier; 323, sun gear; 324, star gear set;

[0052] 400, transmission module; 410, transmission carrier; 411, groove; 420, rolling column; 430, thrust elastic member; 440, pressure elastic member;

[0053] 500, reverse jetting module; 510, inner cavity; 520, nozzle; 530, flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0055] The specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0056] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0057] EMBODIMENTS

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The embodiment provides a propelling compensation nipple 10, in particular relates to a turbo-propelling compensation nipple 10.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The propelling compensation nipple 10 provided by the embodiment comprises a nipple shell 100, a transmission piston 200, a torque increasing module 300 and a transmission module 400.

[0060] The transmission piston 200 comprises a transmission end 210 and a connecting end 220, the transmission end 210 is inserted into the hollow cylindrical cavity 110, the transmission end 210 is in sliding fit with the nipple shell 100 in the axial direction and is in rotation-stopping fit with the nipple shell 100 in the circumferential direction, and the connecting end 220 is exposed outside the nipple shell 100 and is used for connecting with a drilling pipe. In this way, the transmission piston 200 can slide in the axial direction relative to the nipple shell 100, and the transmission piston 200 can transmit the rotary motion to the nipple shell 100 to drive the nipple shell 100 to rotate synchronously.

[0061] The torque increasing module 300 is arranged in the hollow cylindrical cavity 110, and is used for converting the kinetic energy of high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow cylindrical cavity 110 into mechanical energy rotating around the axial direction. It can be understood that, during the drilling operation, it is necessary to input high-pressure fluid (high-pressure drilling fluid) into the drilling pipe, so that the high-pressure fluid enters the hollow cylindrical cavity 110 of the nipple shell 100.

[0062] The transmission module 400 is arranged at one end of the nipple shell 100 away from the transmission piston 200, one end of the transmission module 400 is in transmission connection with the torque increasing module 300, and the other end is used for connecting with the drill bit 20. The transmission module 400 can transmit the torque input by the transmission piston 200 and the torque of the torque increasing module 300 to the drill bit 20 together, so as to drive the drill bit 20 to rotate.

[0063] Therefore, the propelling compensating nipple 10 provided by the embodiment can be applied to drilling equipment for drilling operation. When the propelling compensating nipple 10 is applied to the drilling equipment for the drilling operation, the transmission piston 200 can drive the nipple shell 100 and the internal components to rotate together. Since the transmission piston 200 has an axial displacement with the nipple shell 100, when the high-pressure fluid enters the nipple shell 100, on one hand, the high-pressure fluid first passes through the torque increasing module 300, and the torque increasing module 300 converts the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid into mechanical energy rotating around the axial direction to drive the drill bit 20 to rotate, so as to increase the torque of the drill bit 20 when the drill bit 20 breaks the rock, thereby realizing the increase of the drilling speed in the drilling process, and realizing the deeper drilling and the farther drilling of the large displacement well. On the other hand, the high-pressure fluid generates a forward thrust on the propelling compensating nipple 10, the transmission piston 200 is stationary, and the nipple shell 100, the torque increasing module 300 and the transmission module 400 in the entire propelling compensating nipple 10 drive the drill bit 20 to move forward, so that the cutting part of the drill bit 20 is always in contact with the formation. In this way, the propelling compensating nipple 10 provided by the embodiment can be applied to the large displacement horizontal well and the ultra-deep well operation, and has high drilling speed and large torque.

[0064] In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions of the present application, the propelling compensating nipple 10 provided by the embodiment will be described below.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The hollow cylindrical cavity 110 is provided with a first guide portion 120 extending along the axial direction on the inner wall of the transmission piston 200, and the outer peripheral surface of the transmission end 210 is provided with a second guide portion 211 extending along the axial direction. The first guide portion 120 and the second guide portion 211 are in concave-convex cooperation.

[0066] Specifically, the first guide portion 120 can be a sliding groove in the form of a groove 411, and the second guide portion 211 can be designed as a protruding sliding rail or sliding block. Of course, in some embodiments, the second guide portion 211 can be a sliding groove in the form of a groove 411, and the first guide portion 120 can be designed as a protruding sliding rail or sliding block.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The torque increasing module 300 includes a turbine mechanism 310 and a speed reduction torque increasing mechanism 320. The turbine mechanism 310 is rotatably arranged in the hollow cylindrical cavity 110, and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow cylindrical cavity 110 into mechanical energy rotating around the axial direction. The speed reduction torque increasing mechanism 320 is arranged at the end of the turbine mechanism 310 away from the transmission piston 200, the input end of the speed reduction torque increasing mechanism 320 is connected with the turbine mechanism 310, and the output end is connected with the transmission module 400.

[0068] Specifically, the turbine mechanism 310 includes a pressure bearing 311 and a turbine body 312. The pressure bearing 311 is coaxially arranged with the hollow column cavity 110. The pressure bearing 311 includes two oppositely arranged first and second pressure covers 3110 and 3111, and a plurality of rolling balls 3112 is arranged between the first and second pressure covers 3110 and 3111.

[0069] The turbine body 312 is arranged at a side of the pressure bearing 311 away from the transmission piston 200. The first pressure cover 3110 in the pressure bearing 311 is abutted or fixedly connected with the inner wall of the hollow column cavity 110, and in this embodiment, the fixed connection is adopted. The second pressure cover 3111 is fixedly connected with the turbine body 312. The fixed connection includes welding or bolted connection.

[0070] It can be understood that the purpose of the design of the torque increasing module 300 is to reduce the friction between the rotating structure inside the short section shell 100 and the short section shell 100, and to realize the relative rotation between the turbine mechanism 310 and the short section shell 100. When the drilling fluid flows through the turbine mechanism 310, the turbine blades of the turbine body 312 can convert part of the energy of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy of rotation, thereby driving the subsequent speed reduction and torque increasing mechanism 320 to rotate.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The above-mentioned speed reduction and torque increasing mechanism 320 includes at least two levels of planetary speed reduction assemblies 320a. In this embodiment, in order to more clearly describe the technical solutions of the present application, two levels of planetary speed reduction assemblies 320a are taken as an example for illustration. Of course, in some embodiments, the planetary speed reduction assemblies 320a can also adopt three, four or other levels.

[0072] The input end of the planetary speed reduction assembly 320a at the first level is in transmission connection with the turbine mechanism 310, and the output end of the planetary speed reduction assembly 320a at the last level is in transmission connection with the transmission module 400.

[0073] Further, the planetary speed reduction assembly 320a includes a ring gear 321, a planet carrier 322, a sun gear 323 and a planetary gear set 324. The ring gear 321 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the hollow column cavity 110; the planet carrier 322 is arranged in the ring gear 321; the sun gear 323 is arranged in the middle of the ring gear 321 and is connected with the turbine mechanism 310 through a transmission shaft or the planet carrier 322 of the planetary speed reduction assembly 320a at the previous level; and the planetary gear set 324 is rotatably arranged on the planet carrier 322 and is in meshing transmission with the sun gear 323.

[0074] Thus, it can be understood that the drilling fluid of high pressure fluid can drive the turbine mechanism 310 to rotate at high speed, but the torque generated thereby is limited, and thus the torque amplification structure is formed by arranging the planetary reduction assembly 320a to amplify the torque generated by the turbine mechanism 310. The turbine mechanism 310 drives the sun gear 323 at the center of the planetary reduction assembly 320a at the first stage to rotate, and then the sun gear 323 drives the planetary gear set 324 to rotate relative to the short section shell 100 to achieve the first-stage amplification of the torque. The rotation of the planetary gear set 324 drives the rotation of the corresponding planet carrier 322, and the rotation of the planet carrier 322 drives the rotation of the sun gear 323 at the center of the planetary reduction assembly 320a at the next stage, thereby achieving the second-stage amplification of the torque.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 The transmission module 400 includes a transmission frame 410, rolling columns 420 and push elastic members 430. One end of the transmission frame 410 is connected with the torque increasing module 300, specifically connected with the planet carrier 322 in the planetary reduction assembly 320a at the last stage, and the other end is used to connect the drill bit 20. The outer circumferential surface of the transmission frame 410 is provided with a plurality of grooves 411, the groove depth direction of the grooves 411 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the transmission frame 410, and the orientations of the grooves 411 are the same as the rotation direction of the drill bit 20 when the drill bit 20 rotates, as shown in Figure 2 The arrow X in the figure indicates the forward direction of the drill bit.

[0076] Each groove 411 is arranged with the rolling column 420 and the push elastic member 430. One end of the push elastic member 430 is connected with the groove bottom of the groove 411, and the other end is in abutment with the cylindrical surface of the rolling column 420, which is used to drive the rolling column 420 to extend to the groove opening and contact the inner wall of the hollow column cavity 110.

[0077] In some embodiments, the transmission frame 410 can be designed as an integral structure with the planet carrier 322 in the planetary reduction assembly 320a at the last stage.

[0078] Optionally, the push elastic member 430 can be a spring or a spring sheet.

[0079] It can be understood that under the pushing action of the pushing elastic member 430, the rolling column 420 is tightly attached to the inner side wall of the groove 411 and the inner wall of the short section shell 100, so when the speed increasing and torque increasing mechanism 320 rotates clockwise (the rotation direction when the drill bit 20 rotates in), the rolling column 420 rolls and compresses the spring under the action of friction, and the rolling column 420 does not press and contact the short section shell 100, so that the planetary transmission frame 410 can rotate clockwise relative to the short section shell 100; when the drill bit 20 is reversed counterclockwise, under the pushing action of the pushing elastic member 430, the rolling column 420 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the short section shell 100, and is limited to reverse under the action of friction, thereby preventing the drill bit 20 from being reversed relative to the drilling pipe in the case of excessive resistance.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 In the embodiment, the propulsion compensation section 10 further comprises a reverse jet module 500, which is arranged at the other end of the transmission module 400 and connected with the transmission module 400, and is used for connecting with the drill bit 20. The inner cavity 510 of the reverse jet module 500 is in communication with the hollow column cavity 110, and the outer peripheral wall of the reverse jet module 500 is provided with a nozzle 520, the nozzle 520 is in communication with the inner cavity 510 through a flow channel 530, and the included angle between the jet direction of the nozzle 520 and the rotation direction of the drill bit 20 is obtuse.

[0081] It can be understood that in the process of drilling large displacement wells, cuttings are prone to accumulate into a bed at the annular bottom of the inclined well section and the horizontal section, causing pump choking, pipe sticking and other accidents, seriously affecting the safety of drilling construction and the drilling time efficiency. Therefore, when it is necessary to pull out the drill bit, the drilling fluid is jetted out in the reverse direction through the nozzle 520, so that the accumulated cuttings in the horizontal section are cleaned in the reverse rotation jetting process, and the wellbore is cleaned. When the drill bit 20 is lowered again for drilling, it will not be affected by the accumulated cuttings in the previous drilling.

[0082] Further, the end of the transmission module 400 is inserted into the inner cavity 510 of the reverse jet module 500, the outer peripheral surface of the transmission frame 410 is in contact with the wall surface of the inner cavity 510 of the reverse jet module 500, and the end of the transmission module 400 is further provided with a pressure bearing elastic member 440. When the transmission module 400 compresses the pressure bearing elastic member 440, the transmission frame 410 of the transmission module 400 blocks the inlet of the flow channel 530, and when the transmission module 400 releases the compression of the pressure bearing elastic member 440, the transmission module 400 releases the blockage.

[0083] Optionally, the pressure bearing elastic member 440 can be a spring or a spring sheet.

[0084] It should be noted that during the drilling process, under the action of the drilling pressure, the transmission module 400 compresses the pressure elastic member 440, at this time the lower end of the transmission module 400 is just opposite to the inlet end of the side flow channel 530 of the inner cavity 510 of the reverse jet module 500, at this time the drilling fluid entering the inner cavity 510 of the reverse jet module 500 does not enter the flow channel 530 and is sprayed from the nozzle 520, therefore during the forward drilling process, the reverse jet module 500 does not spray fluid. When the drill bit 20 needs to be lifted after this drilling, under the condition that there is no drilling pressure, the pressure elastic member 440 pushes the transmission module 400 back, at this time the inlet end of the side flow channel 530 of the inner cavity 510 of the reverse jet module 500 is opened, the drilling fluid is sprayed out from the corresponding nozzle 520 through the flow channel 530. In this way, the reverse rotation jetting and cleaning of the accumulated cuttings in the horizontal section during the lifting process are realized, and the cleaning of the wellbore is realized. When the drill bit 20 is lowered again for drilling, it will not be affected by the accumulated cuttings of the last drilling.

[0085] In view of the problems of slow mechanical drilling speed and difficult cuttings migration of conventional drilling tools in the drilling process of deep wells, ultra-deep wells and ocean large displacement wells, the embodiment provides a turbine torque increasing type and propelling compensation section 10 with reverse cleaning which can be added near the drill bit 20. The propelling compensation section 10 can convert the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid into the torque of the drill bit 20, increase the torque of the drill bit 20 when breaking rocks, thereby realizing the improvement of the mechanical drilling speed in the drilling process, and also realizing the drilling of deeper wells and the drilling of further large displacement wells, and efficient cleaning of cuttings during lifting.

[0086] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 The working principle of the propelling compensation section 10 provided by the embodiment is as follows: during drilling, the high-pressure fluid (drilling fluid) discharged from the ground pressure pump flows into the propelling compensation section 10 through the drilling pipe, under the action of the high-pressure fluid, the liquid will push the front part of the propelling compensation section 10 and the drill bit 20 to move forward, so that the cutting part of the drill bit 20 is always in contact with the formation. Then the high-speed fluid will flow through the turbine mechanism 310 to drive the turbine mechanism 310 to rotate, and the turbine mechanism 310 converts the kinetic energy of the fluid into mechanical energy. The torque generated by the turbine mechanism 310 is amplified through the multi-stage speed reduction and torque increasing mechanism 320, and then the amplified torque is transmitted to the transmission module 400 with one-way transmission function, and the transmission module 400 prevents the drill bit 20 from reversing relative to the drill string in the case of excessive resistance. Thus, the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into mechanical energy to increase the torque of the drill bit 20. During lifting, the wellbore is rotated and cleaned, the cuttings are taken out of the wellbore, and the problem of easy accumulation of cuttings is alleviated.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 Further, the embodiment also provides a drilling equipment comprising a drill bit 20 and a propelling compensation section 10 provided according to the above.

[0088] In the present embodiment, the drill bit 20 is a center cone type composite drill bit. The center cone type composite drill bit first applies a single cone to the center of the cone and PDC composite drill bit. The movement mode of the center cone and the movement mode of the peripheral cone and the rock breaking mechanism are completely different. The peripheral cone mainly breaks the rock through the impact crushing mode, and the center cone mainly breaks the rock through the scraping mode. This center cone and PDC composite drill bit fully combines the advantages of PDC drill bit and cone drill bit, can realize good adaptability in high abrasive and heterogeneous formation, can significantly reduce the torque of the drill bit 20, reduce the torsional vibration, reduce the stick-slip tendency, and improve the drilling efficiency and guiding ability of the drill bit 20.

[0089] Meanwhile, the top of the center cone can be arranged higher or lower than the height of the peripheral cone, as shown in Figure 7 , so that a concave or convex bottom hole is formed during drilling, which destroys the stress field of the formation crude oil and weakens the hardness of the bottom hole rock.

[0090] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0091] (1) The propulsion compensation joint 10 provided above is applied, so that part of the pump pressure can be applied to the drill bit 20, so that the drill bit 20 can always be in contact with the bottom hole, the rock breaking can be kept at a high drilling pressure, and the drilling efficiency can be improved. Avoid the phenomenon that the drill bit 20 cannot break the rock in time after breaking the rock due to large friction when running in the pipe string.

[0092] (2) The kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into mechanical energy, i.e. torque, by the propulsion compensation joint 10, which solves the problem of insufficient torque transmission during drilling of ultra-deep wells and large displacement wells, can make the large displacement well drill further, the ultra-deep well drill deeper, and at the same time improve the drilling efficiency and shorten the drilling cycle time.

[0093] (3) The propulsion compensation joint 10 can realize backward rotation and jet cleaning of the wellbore during tripping, and the accumulated cuttings in this drilling can be washed out of the wellbore, so that the next drilling is not affected by the accumulated cuttings of the last drilling, effectively solving the problem of effective cuttings accumulation in the deviated well section and the horizontal section.

[0094] (4) This new type of cone and PDC composite drill bit more fully combines the cone and PDC drill bit, fully utilizes the advantages of cone drill bit and PDC drill bit, overcomes their respective shortcomings, can realize good adaptability in high abrasive and heterogeneous formation, can significantly reduce the torque of the drill bit 20, reduce the torsional vibration, reduce the stick-slip tendency, and improve the drilling efficiency and guiding ability of the drill bit 20.

[0095] (5) The new concave center cone and PDC composite drill bit in the embodiment can reduce the confining pressure of the center of the well bottom, weaken the hardness of the rock at the well bottom, and improve the mechanical drilling speed of the drill bit 20 in the deep high-abrasive formation during the drilling process of the deep formation. The drilled effect is a concave well bottom, and the drill bit 20 can realize relatively stable torque and lateral vibration fluctuation when breaking rock.

[0096] It should be noted that in the present application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0097] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0098] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected or can communicate with each other; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0099] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0100] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and the person skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A propulsion compensation joint, characterized in that, When used in drilling equipment, the propulsion compensation section (10) includes a short section housing (100), a transmission piston (200), a torque-increasing module (300), and a transmission module (400). The short-section shell (100) has a hollow cylindrical cavity (110) extending through its own length. The transmission piston (200) includes a transmission end (210) and a connecting end (220). The transmission end (210) is inserted into the hollow cylindrical cavity (110). The transmission end (210) and the short section shell (100) form a sliding fit along the axial direction and an anti-rotation fit with the short section shell (100) in the circumferential direction. The connecting end (220) is exposed outside the short section shell (100) and is used to connect to the external drilling pipe. A torsion amplification module (300) is arranged in the hollow cylindrical cavity (110). The torsion amplification module (300) is used to convert the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow cylindrical cavity (110) into mechanical energy for rotation around the axial direction. and A transmission module (400) is arranged at one end of the short section housing (100) away from the transmission piston (200). One end of the transmission module (400) is connected to the torque-increasing module (300), and the other end is used to connect to the drill bit (20). The torque-increasing module (300) includes: A turbine mechanism (310), rotatably arranged in the hollow cylindrical cavity (110), is used to convert the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow cylindrical cavity (110) into mechanical energy for rotation about the axial direction; and A speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism (320) is arranged at one end of the turbine mechanism (310) away from the transmission piston (200). The input end of the speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism (320) is connected to the turbine mechanism (310), and the output end is connected to the transmission module (400). The transmission module (400) includes a transmission frame (410), a rolling column (420), and a pushing elastic element (430). One end of the transmission frame (410) is connected to the torque-increasing module (300), and the other end is used to connect to the drill bit (20). The outer peripheral surface of the transmission frame (410) is provided with a plurality of grooves (411). The groove depth direction of the grooves (411) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the transmission frame (410), and the orientation of the groove openings of all the grooves (411) is the same as the rotation direction of the drill bit (20). Each groove (411) is provided with a rolling column (420) and a pushing elastic member (430). One end of the pushing elastic member (430) is connected to the bottom of the groove (411), and the other end abuts against the cylindrical surface of the rolling column (420), which is used to drive the rolling column (420) to extend into the groove and contact the inner wall of the hollow column cavity (110).

2. The propulsion compensation section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow cylindrical cavity (110) is provided with a first guide portion (120) extending axially on the inner wall of the transmission piston (200), and the outer peripheral surface of the transmission end (210) is provided with a second guide portion (211) extending axially. The first guide portion (120) and the second guide portion (211) are in a concave-convex fit.

3. The propulsion compensation section according to claim 2, characterized in that, The turbine mechanism (310) includes: The pressure bearing (311) is arranged coaxially with the hollow cylindrical cavity (110); and The turbine body (312) is located on the side of the pressure bearing (311) away from the drive piston (200); The pressure bearing (311) includes two axially aligned first pressure cover (3110) and second pressure cover (3111). The first pressure cover (3110) abuts against or is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow column cavity (110), and the second pressure cover (3111) is fixedly connected to the turbine body (312).

4. The propulsion compensation section according to claim 2, characterized in that, The speed reduction and torque amplification mechanism (320) includes at least two stages of planetary speed reduction assembly (320a) connected in series. The input end of the planetary reduction assembly (320a) located in the first stage is connected to the turbine mechanism (310) for transmission, and the output end of the planetary reduction assembly (320a) located in the last stage is connected to the transmission module (400) for transmission.

5. The propulsion compensation section according to claim 4, characterized in that, The planetary deceleration assembly (320a) includes: A gear ring (321) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical cavity (110); Planetary carrier (322) is arranged inside the gear ring (321); The sun gear (323), located in the middle of the gear ring (321), is connected to the turbine mechanism (310) via a drive shaft or to the planet carrier (322) of the previous-stage planetary reduction assembly (320a); and The planetary gear set (324) is rotatably mounted on the planet carrier (322) and meshes with the sun gear (323) for transmission.

6. The propulsion compensation section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propulsion compensation section (10) also includes a reverse injection module (500), which is arranged at the other end of the transmission module (400) and connected to the transmission module (400). The reverse injection module (500) is used to connect to the drill bit (20). The inner cavity (510) of the reverse injection module (500) is connected to the hollow cylindrical cavity (110). The outer peripheral wall of the reverse injection module (500) is provided with a nozzle (520). The nozzle (520) is connected to the inner cavity (510) through a flow channel (530). The angle between the injection direction of the nozzle (520) and the spiral direction of the drill bit (20) is an obtuse angle.

7. The propulsion compensation section according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the transmission module (400) is inserted into the inner cavity (510) of the reverse injection module (500), and the end of the transmission module (400) is also provided with a pressure-bearing elastic element (440). When the transmission module (400) compresses the pressure-bearing elastic member (440), the transmission module (400) blocks the entrance of the flow channel (530). When the transmission module (400) releases the compression of the pressure-bearing elastic member (440), the transmission module (400) releases the blockage.

8. A drilling equipment, characterized in that, Includes a drill bit (20) and a propulsion compensation section (10) according to any one of claims 1-7; The drill bit (20) is a composite drill bit with a central roller cone, and the top of the central roller cone is higher or lower than the height of the outer roller cone.

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