Recombinant rna molecules comprising untranslated region or segment encoding spike protein from severely acute respiratory coronavirus 2 omitra strain

Abstract

Provided herein are 3 'and 5' UTRs that provide the amount of protein expression, duration, or both of the recombinant RNA. Compositions, methods, or uses of such substances of 3 'and 5' UTRs are provided. Provided herein are RNA segments that encode the SARS-CoV-2 Aumike spike protein, and these segments provide an Aumike strain specific immunogenic composition. Compositions, methods, or uses of a material encoding the RNA segment of the SARS-CoV-2 Ombucus spike protein are provided.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority under Section 8(1) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 353,568, filed on June 18, 2022; U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 413,844, filed on October 5, 2022; and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 380,640, filed on October 24, 2022. The entire contents of the above-listed applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes.

[0003] Sequence Listing

[0004] This application contains a sequence listing, which has been electronically submitted in a computer-readable form in XML format and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The XML file was created on June 15, 2023, is named "70039Wo01_SL_1.xml" and is 1,039,811 bytes in size. Background Art Technical Field

[0005] Provided herein are compositions, methods and uses for delivering protein-encoding ribonucleic acids and causing protein expression, including compositions, methods and uses for inducing immune responses. These compositions, methods and uses include recombinant RNAs comprising 3' and 5' UTRs. Independently provided herein are compositions, methods and uses for inducing immune responses against severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron (also known as strain B1.1.529) (including three substrains BA.1 (also known as B.1.1.529.1), BA.1.1 (also known as B.1.1.529.1.1), BA.2 (also known as B.1.1.529.2) and BA.3 (also known as B.1.1.529.3)).

[0006] Further background

[0007] RNA-based vaccines have become the preferred immunization modality against severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the virus that causes COVID-19. As of March 2022, COVID-19 has killed more than 6 million people worldwide, including more than 960,000 in the United States and more than 1.86 million in Europe. As waves of infection from Delta and Omicron affected populations, it was determined that neutralizing antibody titers from primary immunizations were insufficient to fully protect against infection with the emerging strains and were insufficient to prevent reinfection. Booster immunizations using messenger RNA encoding early strains (i.e., original strains) have emerged as a strategy, for example, to increase neutralizing antibody titers and thus provide protection. However, the rise in neutralizing antibodies after booster immunizations lasts for two to four months, after which levels drop below the level expected to provide optimal protection. The protection of previous generations of vaccines is declining as new strains emerge. As the virus mutates into newer, more dominant strains, it may escape the protective effects of first-generation vaccines based on said early strains. There remains a need for Omicron strain-specific immunogenic compositions.

[0008] It is also desirable to modify the backbone of the mRNA to provide a durable immune response. The modifications to the backbone can be provided independently of or in combination with the omikelon-specific modifications.

[0009] The RNA (e.g., in a vaccine) contains a segment encoding a gene of interest (i.e., a segment encoding a heterologous polypeptide or a segment encoding an immunogen, e.g., a segment encoding a coronavirus spike protein), a 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), an optional 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), an optional 3' poly(adenosine monophosphate) (3' poly(A)) tail, and an optional 5' cap.

[0010] The 5'UTR is upstream (i.e., 5') of the target gene; while the 3'UTR is downstream (i.e., 3') of the target gene. The 5'UTR starts at the transcription start site and ends at one nucleotide before the translation start sequence (i.e., 5'-adenosine, uridine, guanosine-3' (5'-AUG-3') sequence) of the coding region of the target gene. Therefore, the 5'UTR can affect the expression of the target gene through a series of intracellular mechanisms, including but not limited to pre-initiation complex regulation, closed-loop regulation, upstream open reading frame regulation (i.e., re-initiation), internal ribosome entry site, microRNA binding site, etc., which can be operated in conjunction with the 5' cap. The 3'UTR is after the translation stop codon in the coding region of the target gene. The 3'UTR may provide a regulatory region that affects gene expression after transcription, including translation efficiency (i.e., AU-rich element (ARE)), localization, RNA stability, polyadenylation, and RNA cyclization to promote translation by interacting with the 5'UTR and native cellular proteins (such as poly (A) binding protein (PABP)). In summary, 3' and 5' UTRs affect the expression of the coding region of the target gene through multiple mechanisms, thereby affecting protein expression.

[0011] As mentioned above, about 2-4 months after boosting immunization with antigens derived from the original strain, the level of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 fell below the level that is considered to provide optimal protection. The applicant believes that this duration may be due to the antigen expression profile after the initial or booster vaccination. The applicant proposes that UTR is needed, which increases the amount of protein expressed by the target gene delivered by the recombinant RNA molecule, the duration of protein expression, or both (i.e., the area under the curve). Summary of the invention

[0012] In one aspect, the inventors have discovered 3' and 5' UTRs that provide such amount, duration, or both of protein expression of the recombinant RNA. In another aspect, the inventors have discovered RNA segments encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron spike protein that provide Omicron strain-specific immunogenic compositions. Therefore, the inventors have studied and determined the following aspects and embodiments, including the following compositions of matter, methods, or uses:

[0013] A recombinant ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule comprising a 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), a segment encoding a heterologous polypeptide, a 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) and a 3' poly(adenosine monophosphate) (poly(A)) tail; wherein:

[0014] a) the 5'UTR is 5' to the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide;

[0015] b) the 3'UTR is 3' to the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide;

[0016] c) the 3' poly(A) is 3' to the 3'UTR; and

[0017] d) i) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO: 5, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO: 6;

[0018] ii) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:7, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:8; or

[0019] iii) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:13, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:14.

[0020] A formulation comprising a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) and a recombinant RNA molecule as claimed in any one of the preceding claims; wherein:

[0021] i) the LNP comprises lipids;

[0022] ii) the lipid comprises a first lipid and cholesterol;

[0023] iii) the first lipid comprises a tertiary amine and has a pKa of 5.0 to 7.6;

[0024] iv) at least half of the first lipid is neutrally charged when the first lipid is at a pH above the pKa; and

[0025] v) at least half of the first lipid is positively charged when the first lipid is at a pH below the pKa.

[0026] A method of inducing an immune response to an immunogen in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a recombinant RNA molecule or formulation to induce an immune response.

[0027] A method for preparing a recombinant RNA molecule, the method comprising mixing an RNA polymerase, triphosphate nucleotides and a template nucleic acid containing a recombinant RNA molecule sequence to obtain a mixture; the mixing is performed under conditions in which the RNA polymerase produces the recombinant RNA molecule from the template nucleic acid.

[0028] A method for preparing a formulation, the method comprising:

[0029] a. mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with an aqueous buffer to obtain an aqueous recombinant RNA solution;

[0030] b. mixing the lipids in an organic solvent to obtain a lipid solution;

[0031] c. mixing the lipid solution and the recombinant RNA solution using at least a T-mixer, a microfluidic mixer, or an impact jet mixer to obtain a first solution, wherein the first solution comprises LNPs, wherein at least some of the recombinant RNA molecules are encapsulated in the LNPs; and

[0032] d. Purifying the LNP to obtain at least 80% of the recombinant RNA molecules encapsulated by the LNP.

[0033] The use of the recombinant RNA molecule for the manufacture of a medicament for delivering a segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide comprises mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.

[0034] The use of the recombinant RNA molecule for manufacturing a drug for preventing a disease caused by a pathogen, wherein the pathogen comprises the immunogen; the use comprises mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

[0035] The use of the recombinant RNA molecule for manufacturing a drug for treating a disease caused by a pathogen, wherein the pathogen comprises the immunogen; the use comprises mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

[0036] The formulation is used for the manufacture of a medicament for delivering a segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide, the method comprising mixing the formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.

[0037] The use of the formulation for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing a disease caused by a pathogen comprising the immunogen; the use comprises mixing the formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

[0038] The use of the formulation for the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease caused by a pathogen comprising the immunogen; the use comprises mixing the formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

[0039] A composition for preventing pathogen infection in a subject, the composition comprising (A) a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and (B) (i) the recombinant RNA molecule or (B) (ii) the formulation; the pathogen comprises the immunogen.

[0040] A composition for inducing an immune response against a pathogen in a subject, the composition comprising (A) a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and (B) (i) the recombinant RNA molecule or (B) (ii) the formulation; the pathogen comprises the immunogen.

[0041] A composition for treating a pathogen infection in a subject, the composition comprising (A) a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and (B) (i) the recombinant RNA molecule or (B) (ii) the formulation; the pathogen comprises the immunogen.

[0042] A recombinant RNA molecule comprising a first sequence or a second sequence, wherein the first sequence has at least 90% identity to SEQ ID NO:29 and the second sequence has at least 97% identity to SEQ ID NO:30.

[0043] A formulation comprising a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) and a recombinant RNA molecule; wherein:

[0044] i) the LNP comprises lipids;

[0045] ii) the lipid comprises a first lipid and cholesterol;

[0046] iii) the first lipid comprises a tertiary amine and has a pKa of 5.0 to 7.6;

[0047] iv) at least half of the first lipid is neutrally charged when the first lipid is at a pH above the pKa; and

[0048] v) at least half of the first lipid is positively charged when the first lipid is at a pH below the pKa.

[0049] A method of inducing an immune response to an immunogen in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a recombinant RNA molecule or formulation to induce an immune response.

[0050] A method for preparing a recombinant RNA molecule, the method comprising mixing an RNA polymerase, triphosphate nucleotides and a template nucleic acid containing a recombinant RNA molecule sequence to obtain a mixture; the mixing is performed under conditions in which the RNA polymerase produces the recombinant RNA molecule from the template nucleic acid.

[0051] A method for preparing a formulation, the method comprising:

[0052] a. mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with an aqueous buffer to obtain an aqueous recombinant RNA solution;

[0053] b. mixing the lipids in an organic solvent to obtain a lipid solution;

[0054] c. mixing the lipid solution and the recombinant RNA solution using at least a T-mixer, a microfluidic mixer, or an impact jet mixer to obtain a first solution, wherein the first solution comprises LNPs, wherein at least some of the recombinant RNA molecules are encapsulated in the LNPs; and

[0055] d. Purifying the LNP to obtain at least 80% of the recombinant RNA molecules encapsulated by the LNP.

[0056] The use of the recombinant RNA molecule for the manufacture of a drug for preventing COVID-19; the use comprises mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

[0057] The use of the recombinant RNA molecule for the manufacture of a medicament for reducing the likelihood of at least one symptom of COVID-19; the use comprises mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

[0058] The use of the formulation for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing COVID-19; the use comprises mixing the formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

[0059] The formulation is used for the manufacture of a medicament for reducing the likelihood of at least one symptom of COVID-19; the use comprises mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] The specific description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present invention, the accompanying drawings show some but not all preferred embodiments. It should be understood that embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the precise arrangements and means shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Figure 1Shown are the percentages of baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells expressing firefly luciferase from transfected mRNA under the control of the following human UTRs: β-actin gene (ACTB, accession number: NM_001101.5; SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16), albumin gene (ALB or UTR1, accession numbers: NG_056261.1 and NM_000477.7; SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase β subunit gene (ATPSB or UTR2, accession numbers: AH002618.2 and NM_001686.4; SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4), fibroblast activation protein messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) (FAP or UTR 3, SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6). NO: 5 and 6, accession numbers: U09278.2 and NM_001291807.3), H4 clustered histone 15 mRNA (HIST2H4A or UTR4, SEQ ID NO: 7 and 8; accession number: NR_168448.1), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (GAPDH or UTR5, accession numbers: NG_007073.2 and NR_152150.2; SEQ ID NO: 9 and 10), heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8 gene (HSPA8 or UTR6, accession numbers: NG_029473.1 and NM_153201.4; SEQ ID NO: 11 and 12), interleukin-2 gene (IL-2 or UTR7; accession numbers: AH002842.2 and NM_000586.4; SEQ ID NO: 12). ID NO: 13 and 14) and transferrin gene (TF, accession number: NG_013080.2; SEQ ID NO: 17 and 18), with untransfected mouse thymocytes and BHK cells as controls. BHK cells lack the innate immune response and therefore show gene expression from UTRs without the inhibitory influence of the innate immune response. When there is no innate immune response, UTRs 3 and 4, like the ACTB UTR, stimulate firefly luciferase expression. β-actin is ubiquitously expressed in cells. Fluorescence was detected 18 hours after transfection. The mRNA has cap-0 capping and uridine, but no N1-methyl pseudouridine.

[0062] Figure 2 Depicted Figure 1 Median fluorescence intensity of BHK cells.

[0063] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 The total fluorescence intensity of all BHK cells treated in , regardless of whether they expressed firefly luciferase.

[0064] Figure 4Depicted are the percentages of human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells expressing firefly luciferase from transfected mRNA under the control of the following human UTRs: ACTB, UTR1-7, TF, and eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (EEF2) mRNA (Accession No.: NM_001961.4; SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 20). Fluorescence was detected 18 hours after transfection. The mRNA has cap-0 capping and uridine, but no N1-methyl pseudouridine. UTR 2-6 is superior to the ACTB UTR in triggering more cells to express firefly luciferase.

[0065] Figure 5 Depicted Figure 4 Median fluorescence intensity of HEK293 cells.

[0066] Figure 6 Shows Figure 4 The total fluorescence intensity of all HEK293 cells treated in , regardless of whether they express firefly luciferase.

[0067] Figure 7 Depicted are the percentages of human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells expressing firefly luciferase from transfected mRNA under the control of the following human UTRs: ACTB, UTR1-7, TF, and eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (EEF2) mRNA (Accession No.: NM_001961.4). Fluorescence was detected 18 hours after transfection. The mRNA has cap-1 capping and N1-methyl pseudouridine, but no uridine. UTRs 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 are superior to the ACTB UTR in triggering more cells to express firefly luciferase.

[0068] Figure 8 Depicted Figure 7 Median fluorescence intensity of HEK293 cells in . Cells treated with at least mRNA comprising UTRs 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 driving expression of firefly luciferase expressed more firefly luciferase than cells treated with mRNA comprising the ACTB UTR driving expression of firefly luciferase. Expression in cells treated with mRNA comprising UTR 5 and the EEF UTR driving expression of firefly luciferase was equal to or greater than expression in cells treated with mRNA comprising the ACTB UTR.

[0069] Fig. 9 Shows Figure 7 The total fluorescence intensity of all HEK293 cells treated in , regardless of whether they express firefly luciferase.

[0070] Fig.10 and Fig.11Dose response curves and areas under the curves for the expression of spike proteins from the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain encoded by 12.5 ng, 25 ng, 50 ng and 100 ng of KM72 (SEQ ID NO: 64), KM64 (SEQ ID NO: 42), KM65 (SEQ ID NO: 44), KM61 (SEQ ID NO: 34), KM62 (SEQ ID NO: 37) or KM63 (SEQ ID NO: 40) RNA per well on the cell membrane surface of HEK293 cells are depicted, respectively. Three primes and 5'UTR 4 (in KM62) and 3' and 5'UTR 7 (in KM63) drive cell membrane surface expression of the SARS CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein, as well as UTR-driven expression from the CureVac second SARS-CoV-2 candidate (SEQ ID NOs: 27 and 28, which are in KM72), the BioNTech BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product (Accession Nos.: NM_000558, OL521838, NM_001130, SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 20, which are in KM64), and the Moderna mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product (SEQ ID NOs: 23 and 24, which are in KM65). The SARS-COV-2 Omicron Spike protein mRNA sequence was identical across constructs and was designed using commercially available software that optimizes only for codon adaptation indices greater than or equal to 0.7.

[0071] Fig.12 and Fig.13 Shown are the Fig.10 and Fig.11 Dose response curves and area under the curve for expression of whole-cell spike protein from the same treatments.

[0072] Fig.14 and Fig.15Dose response curves and area under the curve for expression of spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strains encoded by 12.5ng, 25ng, 50ng, and 100ng of KM69 (SEQ ID NO: 56), KM70 (SEQ ID NO: 59), KM71 (SEQ ID NO: 62), or KM96 (SEQ ID NO: 94) RNA per well on the cell membrane surface of HEK293 cells are depicted. Three priming and 5'UTR 4 (in KM 70) and 3' and 5'UTR 7 (in KM71) drive cell membrane surface expression of SARS CoV-2 Omicron spike protein, as well as expression driven by the UTR from the BioNTech BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product (in KM96). The SARS-COV-2 Omicron spike protein mRNA sequence was identical in the constructs and was designed using the CR2 algorithm.

[0073] Fig.16 and Fig.17 Shown are the Fig.14 and Fig.15 Dose response curves and area under the curve for expression of whole-cell spike protein from the same treatments.

[0074] Fig.18 and Fig.19 Dose response curves and area under the curve for expression of spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain encoded by 12.5ng, 25ng, 50ng, or 100ng of KM62 (SEQ ID NO: 37), KM67 (SEQ ID NO: 50), or KM70 (SEQ ID NO: 59) RNA per well on the cell membrane surface of HEK293 cells are depicted, respectively. Design using the CR1 (in KM67) and CR2 (in KM70) algorithms resulted in significantly more surface expression of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain than that achieved using CAI 0.7 (in KM62), a commercially available software optimized only for codon adaptation indices greater than or equal to 0.7. KM62, KM67, and KM70 contain 5' and 3' UTR4.

[0075] Fig. 20 and Fig.21 Shown are the Fig.18 and Fig.19 Dose response curves and area under the curve for expression of whole-cell spike protein from the same treatments.

[0076] Fig. 22 and Fig.23Dose response curves and area under the curve for expression of spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain encoded by 12.5ng, 25ng, 50ng, or 100ng of KM63 (SEQ ID NO: 40), KM68 (SEQ ID NO: 53), or KM71 (SEQ ID NO: 62) RNA per well on the cell membrane surface of HEK293 cells are depicted, respectively. Design using the CR1 (in KM68) and CR2 (in KM71) algorithms resulted in significantly more surface expression of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain than that achieved using CAI 0.7 (in KM63), a commercially available software optimized only for codon adaptation indices greater than or equal to 0.7. KM63, KM68, and KM71 contain 5' and 3' UTR7.

[0077] Fig.24 and Fig.25 Shown are the Fig. 22 and Fig.23 Dose response curves and area under the curve for expression of whole-cell spike protein from the same treatments.

[0078] Fig.26 and Fig. 27Dose response curves of spike proteins from the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 encoded by VAC3 (SEQ ID NO: 96), KM87 (SEQ ID NO: 84), KM88 (SEQ ID NO: 87), KM89 (SEQ ID NO: 90), or JW48 (SEQ ID NO: 92) RNA per well at the cell membrane surface and in whole cells of HEK293 cells are shown. Three primers and 5'UTRs 4 and 7 (in KM88 and KM89, respectively) drove cell membrane surface expression and whole cell expression of the original strain of SARSCoV-2 spike protein, as well as expression driven by UTRs from CureVac's second SARS-CoV-2 candidate (in VAC3) and Moderna mRNA-1273SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product (in JW48). The mRNA sequences of KM87, KM88, and KM89 encoding the spike protein of the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 are identical and are designed using commercially available software, which is optimized only for codon adaptation indexes greater than or equal to 0.7. The mRNA sequence of JW48 encoding the spike protein of the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 was designed using IDT's online codon optimization tool. The mRNA sequence of VAC3 encoding the spike protein of the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 was obtained from the position 17-3838 of the sequence in the following: The World Health Organization: International NonproprietaryNames Programme. Messenger RNA Encoding the Full-Length SARS-CoV-2 SpikeGlycoprotein; Page 11868, which is further described in Edo Kon, Uri Elia, and Dann Peer, "Principles for designing an optimal mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccine" Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2022, 73: 329-336.

[0079] Fig.28Dose response curves are depicted for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein binding to the SARS-CoV-2 original strain spike protein expressed and released from HEK293 cells administered 62.5 ng, 125 ng, 250 ng, and 500 ng of VAC3 (SEQ ID NO: 96), KM87 (SEQ ID NO: 84), KM88 (SEQ ID NO: 87), KM89 (SEQ ID NO: 90), or JW48 (SEQ ID NO: 92) RNA per well. Three priming and 5'UTRs 4 and 7 (in KM88 and KM89, respectively) drove original strain spike protein expression, as well as expression driven by UTRs from CureVac's second SARS-CoV-2 candidate (in VAC3) and Moderna mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product (in JW48).

[0080] Fig.29 and Fig.30 Dose response curves of the spike protein from the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain encoded by 12.5 ng, 25 ng, 50 ng and 100 ng of KM71 (SEQ ID NO:62), KM68 (SEQ ID NO:53), KM70 (SEQ ID NO:59), KM62 (SEQ ID NO:37), KM65 (SEQ ID NO:44), KM63 (SEQ ID NO:40), KM66 (SEQ ID NO:47) or KM61 (SEQ ID NO:34) RNA per well on the cell membrane surface and on the whole cells of HEK293 cells are shown, respectively. Encoding of CR1 (in KM68) and CR2 (in KM70 and 71) with 3' and 5' UTR4 (in KM70) and 3' and 5' UTR7 (in KM71 and KM68) drove significantly more cell membrane surface and whole cell expression of SARS CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein cells than when the expression was driven by the Omicron Spike protein sequence designed using commercially available software optimized only for a codon adaptation index greater than or equal to 0.7 and when the expression was driven by UTR3, UTR4, UTR7, and Moderna UTR in the mRNA-1273SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product (in KM61, KM62, KM63, and KM65, respectively).

[0081] Fig.31Depicted are dose response curves for binding of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein to SARS-CoV-2 original strain spike protein expressed and released from HEK293 cells administered 62.5 ng, 125 ng, 250 ng, and 500 ng of KM71 (SEQ ID NO:62), KM68 (SEQ ID NO:53), KM70 (SEQ ID NO:59), KM62 (SEQ ID NO:37), KM65 (SEQ ID NO:44), KM63 (SEQ ID NO:40), KM66 (SEQ ID NO:47), or KM61 (SEQ ID NO:34) RNA per well. Encoding with CR1 (in KM68) and CR2 (in KM70 and 71) with 3' and 5' UTR4 (in KM70) and UTR7 (in KM71 and KM68) drove significantly more Omicron Spike protein expression as measured by ACE2 than when the expression was driven by the Omicron Spike protein sequence designed using commercially available software optimized only for a codon adaptation index greater than or equal to 0.7 and when the expression was driven by UTR3, UTR4, UTR7, and Moderna UTR in the mRNA-1273SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product (in KM61, KM62, KM63, and KM65, respectively).

[0082] Fig.32 , Fig.33A and Fig.33B Shown are geometric mean IgG titers on days 14, 21, and 35 from female mice treated with 5 μg, 1 μg, or 0.2 μg of KM65 (SEQ ID NO: 44), KM68 (SEQ ID NO: 53), KM70 (SEQ ID NO: 59), or KM71 (SEQ ID NO: 62) RNA encapsulated in RV39 LNPs on days 0 and 21 of the study. Each point is the IgG titer from each animal. Fig.32 The geometric means of IgG titers were organized by RNA treatment, then by dose, and then by date of serum extraction. Fig.33A and Fig.33BGeometric means were collated by date of serum extraction, then by dose, and then by RNA treatment. Treatment with RNA encoding CR2-optimized SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein driven by UTR4 induced higher IgG titers at days 14 and 21 than treatment with KM65, an RNA encoding SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein optimized by commercially available software (optimized only for codon adaptation index greater than or equal to 0.7) and driven by the Moderna UTR in the mRNA-1273SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product. Treatment with RNA encoding CR2-optimized SARS-CoV-2 omaxon spike protein driven by UTR7 induced higher IgG titers than treatment with KM65 at 5 μg doses on days 14 and 21 and at 5 μg and 0.2 μg on day 35, which is RNA encoding SARS-CoV-2 omaxon spike protein optimized by commercially available software (optimized only for codon adaptation indices greater than or equal to 0.7) and driven by the Moderna UTR in the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product. Treatment with RNA encoding CR1-optimized SARS-CoV-2 omaxillon spike protein driven by UTR7 induced higher IgG titers at a 1 μg dose on days 21 and 35 than treatment with KM65, an RNA encoding SARS-CoV-2 omaxillon spike protein optimized by commercially available software (optimized only for codon adaptation indices greater than or equal to 0.7) and driven by Moderna UTRs in the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product.

[0083] Fig.34 , Fig.35A and Fig.35B Depicted in Fig.32 , Fig.33A and Fig.33BNeutralizing antibody titers (NT50) against pseudovirus containing SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein at days 21 and 35 in the same animals treated with KM70. At day 21 and at a dose of 0.2 μg, administration of KM70 induced higher neutralizing antibody titers than administration of KM65, which is RNA encoding SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein optimized by commercially available software (optimized only for codon adaptation index greater than or equal to 0.7) and driven by Moderna UTR in mRNA-1273SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product. On day 23 and at a dose of 1 μg, administration of KM71 or KM68 induced higher neutralizing antibody titers than administration of KM65, which is RNA encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein optimized by commercially available software (optimized only for codon adaptation indices greater than or equal to 0.7) and driven by the Moderna UTR in the mRNA-1273SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product. On day 23 and at a dose of 0.2 μg, administration of KM68 (SEQ ID NO:53), KM70 (SEQ ID NO:59), or KM71 (SEQ ID NO:62) induced higher neutralizing antibody titers than administration of KM65 (SEQ ID NO:44), which is RNA encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein optimized by commercially available software (optimized only for codon adaptation indices greater than or equal to 0.7) and driven by the Moderna UTR in the mRNA-1273SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product.

[0084] Fig.36 and Fig.37 Shown in Fig.32 , Fig.33A and Fig.33B Neutralizing antibody titers (NT50) against pseudovirus containing SARS-CoV-2 delta spike protein in the same animals treated in the same manner at day 35. At each dose, administration with KM68 (SEQ ID NO: 53), KM70 (SEQ ID NO: 59), or KM71 (SEQ ID NO: 62) induced higher neutralizing antibody titers than administration with KM65 (SEQ ID NO: 44), which is an RNA encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein optimized by commercially available software (optimized only for codon adaptation index greater than or equal to 0.7) and driven by the Moderna UTR in the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product.

[0085] Fig.38 and Fig.39 Depicted in Fig.32 , Fig.33A and Fig.33B Neutralizing antibody titers (NT50) against live SARS-CoV-2 virus in the same animals treated in the same manner as described above on day 35. Administration of KM68 (SEQ ID NO:53), KM70 (SEQ ID NO:59), or KM71 (SEQ ID NO:62) induced neutralizing antibodies (NT50) against live SARS-CoV-2 Omicron virus at levels equivalent to those induced by administration of KM65 (SEQ ID NO:44), an RNA encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein optimized by commercially available software (optimized only for codon adaptation index greater than or equal to 0.7) and driven by the Moderna UTR in the mRNA-1273SARS-CoV-2 FDA-approved product.

[0086] Fig.40 and Fig.41 The dose response curves and areas under the curves of HEK293 cell membrane surface expression of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein encoded by 12.5 ng, 25 ng, 50 ng and 100 ng of KM70 (SEQ ID NO:59) are shown, respectively, wherein the length of the 3' poly (A) tail consists of 40 A, 60 A, 80 A, 100 A, 120 A or 150 A.

[0087] Figure 42-45 Dose response curves of HEK293 cell membrane surface expression of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike protein encoded by 12.5 ng, 25 ng, 50 ng and 100 ng of KM65 (SEQ ID NO: 44), KM68 (SEQ ID NO: 53), KM70 (SEQ ID NO: 59) or KM71 (SEQ ID NO: 62) RNA, respectively, are depicted, wherein the length of the 3' poly (A) tail consists of approximately 70 A (solid line) or exactly 100 A (dashed line).

[0088] Fig.46 Dose response curves for expression of spike protein from the SARS-COV-2BA.1 Omicron strain encoded by 10, 7, 3.5, 2.5, 1.75, 1.25, and 0.8765 ng / well of the SARS-COV-2BA.1 Omicron spike protein mRNA sequence (optimized by codeRNA(CR)2-7) are depicted. Each construct contained the same mRNA sequence for UTR4 and differed only in the sequence encoding the BA.1 immunogen.

[0089] Fig.47 Dose response curves for expression of the spike protein from the SARS-CoV-2BA.1 Omicron strain encoded by 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 or 200 ng / well of the SARS-COV-2BA.1 Omicron spike protein mRNA sequence (optimized by codeRNA(CR)2-7) are depicted. Each construct contained the same mRNA sequence for UTR4 and differed only in the sequence encoding the BA.1 immunogen.

[0090] Fig.48 The area under the curve (AUC) of the spike protein from the SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 Omicron strain encoded by 6.25, 25, 50, 100 or 200 ng / well of the SARS-COV-2 BA.1 Omicron Spike protein mRNA sequence optimized by codeRNA (CR) 2-7 and UTR 4 or UTR 7 is depicted. Each construct contained the same mRNA sequence for UTR4 and differed only in the sequence encoding the BA.1 immunogen.

[0091] Fig.49 and Fig.50 Figure 2 shows the effect of one of the RNA constructs KM70, LL34, LL35, LL36, LL37 and LL38 formulated in RV39 at a dose of 0.5 μg, 1 μg or 5 μg on day 14 ( Fig.49 and Fig.50 ) and on day 34 ( Fig.50 ) There was no statistically significant difference in serum levels of total IgG against the SARS-CoV2 BA.1 spike protein. A second administration of the same dose occurred on day 21 (21 days after the first dose (day 0)). Statistical significance was found in the measurements between saline-treated and construct-treated animals.

[0092] Fig.51 Shows the use of Fig.49 and Fig.50 There were no statistically significant differences in serum levels of pseudovirus neutralizing antibody titers at days 14 and 34 in the same mice treated with RNA constructs in . Statistical significance was found in the measurements between saline-treated and construct-treated animals.

[0093] Fig.52 Shows the use of Fig.49 and Fig.50There was no statistically significant difference in live virus neutralizing antibody titers at day 34 in the sera of the same mice treated with the RNA constructs in . Statistical significance was found in the measurements between saline-treated and construct-treated animals.

[0094] Fig.53 Gating strategies for flow cytometry analysis of T cells from representative samples obtained in vivo are shown. Cytokines were gated by time / live cells / lymphocytes / singlets / CD3 CD4 / CD44 or CD8 / CD44. Phenotypic subsets were determined by the Boolean combination gate tool.

[0095] Fig.54 Depicted is a flow cytometry gating scheme for representative samples obtained in vivo to identify follicular helper T (Tfh) cells. To measure total Tfh, cells were gated based on time / live cells / lymphocytes / singlets / CD3 / CD4 / CD44 / CXCR5+PD1+.

[0096] Fig.55 It shows that on the 34th day, Fig.49 and Fig.50 There was no statistically significant difference in the SARS-COV-2 spike protein-specific CD4 positive T cell responses isolated from the spleens of the same mice treated with the RNA constructs in . Statistical significance was found in the measurements between saline-treated and construct-treated animals.

[0097] Fig.56 It shows that on the 34th day, Fig.49 and Fig.50 There was no statistically significant difference in the SARS-COV-2 spike protein-specific CD8 positive T cell responses isolated from the spleens of the same mice treated with the RNA constructs in . Statistical significance was found in the measurements between saline-treated and construct-treated animals.

[0098] Fig.57A , Fig.57B , Fig.57C , Fig.58A and Fig.58B The results show that 24 hours after administration ( Fig.57A , Fig.57B , Fig.57C , Fig.58A ,and Fig.58B ) and 48 hours ( Fig.58A and Fig.58B) HEK293 cells administered LL59, LL60, LL61, LL62, LL66 or LL67 RNA constructs had comparable whole-cell spike protein expression as measured by the area under the curve for the dose response of 25 ng, 50 ng, 75 ng and 100 ng of RNA construct per well.

[0099] Fig.59 Statistically insignificant differences in serum levels of total IgG against SARS-CoV2 BA.5 spike protein at day 21 following the first administration of one of the RNA constructs LL59 (aka KM70 primed), LL60, LL61, LL62, LL66, and LL67 formulated in RV39 at a dose of 0.5 μg, 1 μg, or 5 μg to mice were shown. A second administration of the same dose occurred on day 21 (21 days after the first dose (day 0)). Statistical significance was found in the measurements between saline-treated and construct-treated animals.

[0100] Fig.60 It is shown that the addition of 5'UTR7 and 3'UTR4 to construct SP035 resulted in a 2-2.45 fold higher area under the curve compared to that obtained with LL59 with 5'UTR4 and 3'UTR4. In both constructs, the 3' poly(A) tail had 30 As, a linker, followed by 87 As. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0101] Preferred materials and methods are described herein; any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention.

[0102] definition

[0103] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms herein generally have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The following terms will be used. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting.

[0104] The articles "a" and "an" are used herein to refer to one or more than one (ie, to at least one) of the grammatical object of the article. By way of example, "an element" means one element and more than one element.

[0105] "Or" supports, contemplates, and when cited in a claim, claims "one or a combination of" as in "one or a combination of A, B, or C." For purposes of illustration, "A, B, or C" means A alone, B alone, C alone, a combination of A and B, a combination of A and C, a combination of B and C, and a combination of A, B, and C, unless otherwise noted. That is, "or" supports and contemplates "and" as in "and / or," where "and / or" includes any combination within the list of alternatives and is not limited to only all combinations of the alternatives in the list (i.e., "A, B, or C" includes "A and B" and is not limited to "A, B, and C").

[0106] In addition, the description of a list of alternatives that can be connected by "and" and at least one alternative is selected from it (e.g., Markush language) further contemplates and supports all combinations within the list of alternatives. For example, "X is selected from the following group: A, B, and C" contemplates and supports "X is selected from the following group: A, B, C and combinations thereof", "X is selected from at least one of the following groups: A, B, and C", and "X is selected from one or more of the following groups: A, B, and C". For further examples, "X is selected from the group consisting of A, B, and C" contemplates and supports "X is selected from the group consisting of A, B, C and combinations thereof", "X is selected from at least one of the groups consisting of A, B, and C", or "X is selected from one or more of the groups consisting of A, B, and C".

[0107] Each of the following contemplates and supports any of the other: “comprising,” “consisting of,” “consisting essentially of,” “is,” “selected from,” “at least selected from,” “selected from the following group,” “selected from the group consisting of,” “at least selected from the group consisting of,” “at least one from the group consisting of,” and “one or more from the group consisting of.” For example, and in view of the above content regarding combinations of listed elements, the statement “X comprises A, B, or C” in the specification contemplates and supports the following embodiments, wherein “X consists of A, B, or C,” “X consists of A, B, C, or a combination thereof,” “X consists of one or more of A, B, or C,” “X is one or more of A, B, or C,” “X is A, B, C, or a combination thereof,” “X is selected from A, B, or C,” “X is selected from A, B, C, or a combination thereof,” “X is selected from the group consisting of A, B, C, and a combination thereof,” “X is selected from at least one of the group consisting of A, B, and C,” or “X is selected from one or more of the group consisting of A, B, and C.”

[0108] When specific components of an embodiment are listed - e.g., "X includes A, B, or C" - any embodiments that specifically exclude any individual component or combination of components are also supported and contemplated - e.g., "X includes A but not B or C" or "X includes A but not B or C."

[0109] As used herein, "about" when referring to a measurable value such as an amount, a duration, a measurement, and the like, is intended to include variations of ±20% or ±10% of the particular value, more preferably ±5%, even more preferably ±1%, and still more preferably ±0.1%, as such variations are suitable for practicing the disclosed methods.

[0110] The term "antibody" as used herein refers to an immunoglobulin molecule that comprises three heavy chain complementary determining regions and three light chain complementary determining regions (collectively referred to as antigenic determining regions), and thereby specifically binds to an antigen. An antibody may comprise a typical "Y" shaped immunoglobulin that comprises two arms and a stem and comprises two heavy chains and two light chains. Each arm comprises a variable region that comprises the light chain and heavy chain complementary determining regions, and each arm comprises a light chain, and a portion of a heavy chain (C H 1 region). Each stem contains two heavy chain segments, each containing C H Zone 2 and C H 3 regions. That is, the antibody can be a complete immunoglobulin derived from a natural source or a recombinant source, and can be an immunologically responsive portion of a complete immunoglobulin. The antibody can also be a fragment of the complete antibody, wherein the fragment comprises the three heavy chain complementary determining regions and the three light chain complementary determining regions (i.e., the antigenic determining regions), and thereby specifically binds to the antigen. Antibodies can exist in a variety of forms, including, for example, Fv, Fab, F(ab) 2 , linear antibodies and single-chain antibodies (scFv). Antibodies can include polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, humanized antibodies, human antibodies, bispecific antibodies and multispecific antibodies (Harlow et al. 1999, In: Using Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York; Harlow et al., 1989, In: Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor, New York; Houston et al., 1988, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 5879-5883; Bird et al., 1988, Science 242: 423-426).

[0111] In the context of amino acid sequences, the term "conservative sequence modifications" refers to amino acid modifications that do not significantly affect or change the binding properties of the antigen, immunogen, protein, antibody or antibody fragment comprising the amino acid sequence. Such conservative modifications include amino acid substitutions, additions and deletions. Modifications can be introduced into antigens, immunogens, proteins, antibodies or antibody fragments by, for example, site-directed mutagenesis and PCR-mediated mutagenesis. Conservative amino acid substitutions are substitutions in which an amino acid residue is replaced by an amino acid residue with a similar side chain. Similar side chains include those substituted with and replacing basic side chains (e.g., lysine, arginine, histidine), acidic side chains (e.g., aspartic acid, glutamic acid), uncharged polar side chains (e.g., glycine, asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine, tryptophan), nonpolar side chains (e.g., alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine), beta-branched side chains (e.g., threonine, valine, isoleucine) and aromatic side chains (e.g., tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine).

[0112] When used in the context of nucleic acids, a "sequence", "segment / fragment", "nucleic acid" or "region / region" includes sense (i.e., positive) and antisense (i.e., negative, e.g., reverse complement) sequences of the same nucleic acid. A "segment / fragment", "sequence", "nucleic acid" or "region / region" that "encodes" a coding sequence, wherein the coding sequence is transcribed and / or includes sense and antisense (e.g., reverse complement) sequences of the same nucleic acid. In some embodiments, the coding sequence encodes a heterologous polypeptide. In some embodiments, the heterologous polypeptide comprises an immunogen (also known as an antigen). In some embodiments, the coding sequence encodes an antibody. In some embodiments, the antibody is an antibody to an immunogen or antigen. In some embodiments, the immunogen or antigen comprises a venom, a poison, an allergen, a cancer antigen, a bacterial antigen, a viral antigen, a fungal antigen, a parasite antigen, or a fragment thereof. That is, in some embodiments, an antibody to an immunogen or antigen is an antibody to a venom, a poison, an allergen, a cancer antigen, a bacterial antigen, a viral antigen, a fungal antigen, a parasite antigen, or a fragment thereof. And in some embodiments, the coding sequence encodes an immunogen or antigen that is a venom, poison, allergen, cancer antigen, bacterial antigen, viral antigen, fungal antigen, parasitic antigen, or a fragment thereof.

[0113] In some embodiments, the coding sequence may encode a heterologous polypeptide with therapeutic use. For example, a subject may lack the absolute or relative activity of a protein due to, for example, a defective coding region, regulatory region, or regulatory element in a gene encoding the protein. The administered RNA may provide the coding sequence or its regulatory element for the protein to compensate for the defect. In some embodiments, the heterologous polypeptide may comprise an immunotherapeutic molecule or enzyme. In some embodiments, the enzyme comprises 1-phosphate galactose uridylyltransferase (GALT) or acid sphingomyelinase, which will be administered to subjects with reduced or deficient natural enzyme activity, i.e., people with galactosemia or Neiman-Pick disease, respectively.

[0114] In some embodiments, a "segment," "sequence," "nucleic acid," or "region" encoding a coding sequence is a segment, sequence, or region encoding an immunogen (also known as an antigen) or encoding a heterologous polypeptide. In some embodiments, the heterologous polypeptide comprises an antibody. In this regard, in order to provide such recombination, the terms "sequence encoding an immunogen", "sequence encoding an antigen" and "sequence encoding a heterologous polypeptide" specifically must include gene sequences other than the following: for SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2, an albumin gene sequence from any species; for SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase beta subunit (ATPSB) gene sequence from any species; for SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6, a fibroblast activation protein alpha gene sequence from any species; for SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8, a histone H4 gene sequence from any species, including H4 clustered histones 14 and 15; for SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10, a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene sequence from any species; for SEQ ID NOs: 11 and 12, a heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8 (HSPA8) gene sequence from any species; and for SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14, an interleukin-2 gene sequence from any species. As described above, the recombinant RNA molecule may comprise a sequence encoding a heterologous polypeptide. In this regard, the terms "recombinant" and "heterologous" are provided at least by comprising a gene sequence encoding a polypeptide together with or in addition to the above gene sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1-14 above.

[0115] A "segment / fragment," "sequence," "nucleic acid," or "region / region" that "encodes" a non-coding sequence such as a miRNA or a promoter also contemplates and supports sense and antisense (e.g., reverse complement) sequences of the same nucleic acid. Such consideration and support for sense and antisense strands of a segment / fragment, sequence, nucleic acid, or region / region is due to the property of nucleic acids to undergo semiconservative replication, thereby retaining genetic information. In semiconservative replication, the two strands of a double-stranded nucleic acid are separated (i.e., melted or separated by a helicase), and each of the two strands is used as a template to form a newly synthesized reverse complement strand. That is, in semiconservative replication, genetic information (whether sense or antisense) is retained, and, for example, a protein, immunogen, miRNA, or promoter can be produced from the initial strand or a strand synthesized therefrom, whether the initial strand is sense or antisense.

[0116] In some embodiments, the recombinant RNA can be a self-replicating RNA or a plurality of automatic amplification RNAs. In the context of self-amplification RNA and a plurality of automatic amplification RNAs, semi-conservative replication provides, for example, the propagation of proteins, immunogens, miRNAs or promoters, regardless of whether the fragments encoding proteins, immunogens, miRNAs or promoters are sense or antisense. In this regard, it should be understood that self-replicating RNA or a plurality of automatic amplification RNAs can include one or more fragments or sequences encoding one or more proteins necessary for replicating self-replicating RNA or a plurality of automatic amplification RNAs in an intracellular environment, and these fragments or sequences encoding one or more proteins necessary for replicating self-replicating RNA or a plurality of automatic amplification RNAs in an intracellular environment are encoded in a sense or positive strand direction. It should also be understood that self-replicating RNA or a plurality of automatic amplification RNAs can also include a first RNA, wherein the first RNA includes a heterologous nucleic acid, which can encode a heterologous polypeptide in some embodiments, and wherein the heterologous nucleic acid includes an inhibitory RNA in some overlapping embodiments, and it is further understood that the heterologous nucleic acid can be transcribed and translated from the antisense strand or negative strand of the self-replicating RNA or a plurality of automatic amplification RNAs.

[0117] In this regard, the support and consideration of the sense and antisense strands described above apply not only to self-replicating RNA or multiple self-amplifying RNAs, but also to the preparation and use of conventional RNA, which are usually transcribed from DNA and plasmids, which can encode sense or antisense information, depending on the steps in the manufacture of conventional RNA. In this regard, the support and consideration of the sense and antisense strands apply not only to the manufacturing process, but also to conventional RNA itself, for example, to support and consider RNA encoding therapeutic drugs that can inhibit gene expression, such as through, for example, antisense RNA, siRNA, RNAi, miRNA, etc.

[0118] To illustrate how "sequence," "segment / fragment," "nucleic acid," or "region / region" used in the context of nucleic acids includes sense (i.e., positive) and antisense, if a particular sequence referred to as "A" is listed as having a 5'-ATGG-3' sequence in the sense strand (i.e., positive strand), then it is contemplated, supported, and required when listed in the claims that A also has a 3'-TACC-5' sequence in the antisense strand (i.e., negative strand) or complementary strand (i.e., A comprises 5'-ATGG-3' or 3'-TACC-5').

[0119] As provided by the above statements, unless otherwise indicated, the "sequence", "region / area" or "segment / fragment" used herein also contemplates and supports sequences of different forms of nucleic acids (i.e., RNA and DNA) containing the same information, or sequences of different nucleotides found in different forms of nucleic acids (i.e., uridine in RNA and thymidine in DNA), as well as sense and antisense (e.g., reverse complement) information therein. For example, RNA can be produced by a plasmid of DNA, so the sequence of the plasmid contemplates and supports the sequence of the RNA, and vice versa. Since the replacement of standard nucleotides with modified nucleotides is contemplated herein (i.e., replacement of uridine with N1-methylpseudouridine (N1Ψ) is contemplated herein), the sequences, regions / areas or segments / fragments herein also contemplate and support sequences of analogs of standard nucleotides (i.e., uridine) incorporated herein. For illustration, if the A in RNA (sense) is 5'-AUGG-3', then A also includes 5'-ATGG-3', which is sense DNA, and 3'-TACC-5', which is antisense DNA, and 3'-UACC-5', which is antisense RNA. For illustration, 5'-AUGG-3' also supports and considers the sequences of 5'-A(N1Ψ)GG-3' and 3'-(N1Ψ)ACC-5'. In order to distinguish sense and antisense (e.g., complementary) sequences, apostrophes (') can be used, i.e., for easy tracking of original genomic material, transcripts, first strand synthesis, second strand synthesis, sense and antisense strands. For further illustration, if the first single-stranded region includes SEQ ID NO: 114 (5'-AATGATACGGCGACCACCGA-3'), then the first single-stranded region also supports and includes SEQ ID NO: 115 (5'-TCGGTGGTCGCCGTATCATT-3').

[0120] In some embodiments, a "first RNA segment" and a "second RNA segment" are provided. It should be understood that the second RNA segment is not necessarily downstream (3') of the first RNA segment, or it is not necessarily upstream (5') of the first RNA segment. "First" or "second" with respect to "RNA segment" is not meant to imply an order along independent molecules, but "first" and "second" are used for convenience of naming. In some embodiments, a "first" and "second" lipid are provided. In this regard, "first" or "second" or any numbered thing should be understood to use such a number to distinguish the things. For example, the first and second molar percentages can be used to distinguish the molar percentage of a substance in a molecule (i.e., the molar percentage of N1-methylpseudouridine to the total amount of N1-methylpseudouridine and uridine in the SAM RNA molecule) and the molar percentage of a substance in a mixture (i.e., the molar percentage of N1-methylpseudouridine to the total amount of N1-methylpseudouridine and uridine in the in vitro transcription reaction). Therefore, this avoids the use of restrictive language in every instance of the term.

[0121] "Identity", "homology" and in this context "percent identity" or "percent homology" adopt the following definitions depending on whether it is an amino acid sequence or a nucleic acid sequence. "Identity" or "homology" (i.e., percent identity) with respect to amino acid sequences is defined herein as the percentage of amino acid residues in a candidate sequence that are identical to a reference amino acid sequence, after aligning the sequences and introducing gaps, if necessary, to achieve the maximum percent sequence identity, and not considering any conservative substitutions as part of the sequence identity.

[0122] "Identity" or "homology" (i.e., percent identity) with respect to nucleic acid sequences is defined herein as the percentage of nucleotides in a candidate sequence that are identical to a reference nucleic acid sequence, after aligning the sequences and introducing gaps (if necessary) to achieve maximum percent sequence identity. For calculating percent identity, exchanges of uridine and thymidine should be equivalent (i.e., not taken into account). For calculating percent identity, substitution of uridine or thymidine with a modified nucleotide that can substitute uridine or can substitute thymidine (i.e., U is substituted with N1ψ) should be equivalent (i.e., not taken into account). For calculating percent identity, substitution of adenosine with a modified nucleotide that can substitute adenosine should be equivalent (i.e., not taken into account). For calculating percent identity, substitution of guanosine with a modified nucleotide that can substitute guanosine should be equivalent (i.e., not taken into account). For calculating percent identity, substitution of cytosine with a modified nucleotide that can substitute cytosine should be equivalent (i.e., not taken into account). When this disclosure refers to a sequence by reference to a UniProt or Genbank accession number, the sequence referenced is the version current as of the filing date of the earliest effective filing date.

[0123] As used herein, "nucleic acid," "polynucleotide," and "oligonucleotide" all have the same meaning and are inherently composed of a sequence of nucleotides, each nucleotide comprising a phosphate and a nucleoside, the nucleoside comprising a pentose (e.g., deoxyribose and ribose) and a nucleobase (e.g., purines including adenine or guanine and pyrimidines including cytosine, uracil, N1-methyluracil and thymine). In some embodiments, the nucleosides (i.e., sugars and nucleobases) can be standard nucleosides (i.e., adenosine, deoxyadenosine, guanosine, deoxyguanosine, thymidine (also known as deoxythymidine), uridine, deoxyuridine, cytidine, or deoxycytidine, or methylated forms thereof (i.e., 5'-methyluridine) or they can be modified nucleosides (i.e., pseudouridine (also known as 5-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione or 5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, CAS No. 1445-07-4, PubChem CID 15047), N1-methyluridine, N1-methylpseudouridine (also known as 5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-1-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione, CAS No. 13860-38-3, PubChem CID 99543), or its deoxyribose-containing or ribose-containing form). In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides include hypoxanthine, inosine, 8-oxo-adenine, 7-substituted derivatives thereof, dihydrouracil, pseudouridine, N1-methylpseudouridine, 2-thiouracil, 4-thiouracil, 5-aminouracil, 5-(Cl-C6)-alkyluracil, 5-methyluracil, 5-(C2-C6)-alkenyluracil, 5-(C2-C6)-alkynyluracil, 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil, 5-chlorouracil, 5-fluorouracil, 5-bromouracil, 5-hydroxycytosine, 5-(C1-C6)-alkylcytosine, 5-methylcytosine, 5-(C2-C6)-alkynyluracil, C6)-alkenylcytosine, 5-(C2-C6)-alkynylcytosine, 5-chlorocytosine, 5-fluorocytosine, 5-bromocytosine, N2-dimethylguanine, 7-deazaguanine, 8-azaguanine, 7-deaza-7-substituted guanine, 7-deaza-7-(C2-C6)alkynylguanine, 7-deaza-8-substituted guanine, 8-hydroxyguanine, 6-thioguanine, 8-oxoguanine, 2-aminopurine, 2-amino-6-chloropurine, 2,4-diaminopurine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 8-azapurine, substituted 7-deazapurine, 7-deaza-7-substituted purine, 7-deaza-8-substituted purine, or hydrogen (abasic residue)."Nucleic acids," "polynucleotides" and "oligonucleotides" can be independent molecules (i.e., RNA molecules), or they can be "regions," "sequences," or "segments" therein, in which regard, the use of "regions," "sequences," or "segments" is used to distinguish these molecules from independent molecules.

[0124] The term "heterologous polypeptide" includes heterologous glycoproteins of heterologous polypeptides, heterologous lipoproteins of heterologous polypeptides, heterologous lipid-glycoproteins of heterologous polypeptides, and other terms for proteins that are the result of post-translational modification of translated heterologous polypeptides. In this regard, once the recombinant RNA is in the cell, the heterologous polypeptide can be translated from the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide. The translated heterologous polypeptide encoded by the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide can have a post-translational modification to add sugars, lipids, lipids and sugars, and other post-translational modified parts. Therefore, "the segment encodes a heterologous polypeptide" means a segment encoding a heterologous polypeptide and its post-translational products (including its glycoproteins, its lipoproteins, its lipid-glycoproteins, and its post-translational products). The term "heterologous polypeptide" includes the pre-form and / or pro-form of the biologically active molecule of the heterologous polypeptide and its combination with the aforementioned post-translationally modified heterologous polypeptides, including heterologous glycoproteins of heterologous polypeptides, heterologous lipoproteins of heterologous polypeptides, and heterologous lipid-glycoproteins of heterologous polypeptides (e.g., preproinsulin and respiratory syncytial virus pre-fusion glycoprotein). The term "heterologous polypeptide" specifically necessarily includes polypeptides other than: albumin from any species for SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2; adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase beta subunit (ATPSB) from any species for SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4; fibroblast activation protein alpha from any species for SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6; histone H4 from any species, including H4 clustered histones 14 and 15 for SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from any species for SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10; heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8 (HSPA8) from any species for SEQ ID NOs: 11 and 12; and interleukin-2 from any species for SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14. As described above, a recombinant RNA molecule may include a sequence encoding a heterologous polypeptide. Thus, the terms "recombinant" and "heterologous" are provided at least by including polypeptides other than the above proteins of the above SEQ ID NOs.

[0125] The term "immunogen" or also referred to as "antigen" (Ag) refers to a molecule that stimulates an immune response and can bind to a protein (e.g., an antibody or T cell receptor) comprising a complementary determining region. Antibodies include B cell receptors (i.e., antibodies complexed with CD79A and CD79B). As described above, the recombinant RNA molecule may include a sequence encoding an immunogen. In this regard, to provide for such recombination, the terms "immunogen" and "antigen" specifically must include proteins other than: for SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2, albumin from any species; for SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase beta subunit (ATPSB) from any species; for SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6, fibroblast activation protein alpha from any species; for SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8, histone H4 from any species, including H4 clustered histones 14 and 15; for SEQ ID NOs: 9 and 10, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from any species; for SEQ ID NOs: 11 and 12, heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8 (HSPA8) from any species; and for SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14, interleukin-2 from any species.

[0126] The above-mentioned immune response to antigen may involve the production of antibodies to antigen (i.e. antibody-antigen binding), or activate specific immune active cells to antigen (i.e. T cell receptor binding to antigen), or both. Any macromolecule, including virtually all proteins or peptides, and further including all proteins and peptides comprising post-translational modifications (e.g., adding sugars, lipids, and combinations thereof), can serve as antigens. Antigens can be derived from recombinant or genomic nucleic acids. Any nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence or a partial nucleotide sequence encoding a protein that elicits an immune response thus encodes an "antigen" or "immunogen". In some embodiments, an antigen or immunogen is encoded by the full-length nucleotide sequence of a gene. In some embodiments, an antigen or immunogen is encoded by a partial nucleotide sequence and a partial nucleotide sequence of more than one gene. In this regard, in some embodiments, an antigen or immunogen is a full-length natural protein or multiple proteins, and in some embodiments, an antigen or immunogen is a truncated portion of a full-length natural protein or multiple proteins. In some embodiments, these nucleotide sequences are arranged in various combinations to encode a polypeptide that elicits a desired immune response. In this regard, antigens do not need to be encoded by a "gene" at all. Antigens can be generated, synthesized or derived from biological samples, and the amino acid sequence of the protein antigen can be reverse translated or codon optimized to generate a polynucleotide sequence that then encodes the antigen. With respect to antigens of full-length or truncated proteins and antigens that activate T cells, it is understood that cells expressing RNA will express and / or process the antigen in the intracellular environment by truncating the antigen to a length that can be expressed by major histocompatibility receptors so that the T cell receptor can recognize the antigen presented by MHC.

[0127] Such biological samples may include, but are not limited to, pathogens, tissue samples, tumor samples, cells, or fluids with other biological components. Pathogens may include bacteria or viruses. In some embodiments, immunogens or antigens include venom, poisons, allergens, cancer antigens, bacterial antigens, viral antigens, fungal antigens, parasite antigens, or fragments thereof.

[0128] The terms "protein," "polypeptide," and "peptide" are used interchangeably herein to refer to any peptide-linked chain of amino acids, regardless of its length or post-translational modifications (eg, phosphorylation or addition of sugars, lipids, or combinations thereof).

[0129] The term "post-translation" as used herein refers to events that occur after a nucleotide triplet is translated into an amino acid and forms a peptide bond with the preceding amino acid in the sequence. Such post-translational events may occur after the entire polypeptide is formed, or may occur during the translation of those portions of the polypeptide that have already been translated. Post-translational events will typically alter or modify the chemical or structural properties of the resulting polypeptide. Examples of post-translational events include the addition of sugars, lipids, phosphate groups, cleavage of peptide chains, or folding reorganization by, for example, heat shock proteins.

[0130] The term "co-translation" as used herein refers to events that occur during the translation of a nucleotide triplet into an amino acid chain. These events typically change or modify the chemical or structural properties of the resulting amino acid chain. Examples of co-translational events include, but are not limited to, events that may completely stop the translation process or interrupt peptide bond formation, thereby producing two discrete translation products.

[0131] As used herein, the term "polyprotein" or "artificial polyprotein" refers to an amino acid chain comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of: two amino acid chains that are not naturally linked to each other. The polyprotein may contain one or more additional amino acid chains. Each amino acid chain is preferably a complete protein, i.e., spans the entire ORF, or a fragment, domain, or epitope thereof. The various parts of the polyprotein may be permanently or temporarily connected to each other. The permanently connected polyprotein parts are translated from a single ORF and are not subsequently separated co-translationally or post-translationally. The temporarily connected polyprotein parts may also originate from a single ORF, but are split co-translationally due to separation during translation, or are split post-translation due to the peptide chain being cut, for example, by an endopeptidase. Additionally or alternatively, parts of the polyprotein may also be derived from two different ORFs and connected post-translationally, e.g., by covalent bonds.

[0132] "Epitope", also known as antigenic determinant, is a macromolecular fragment recognized by the immune system, in particular recognized by antibodies or TCRs (e.g., recognized by B cells or T cells). Such epitopes are parts or segments of macromolecules that can bind to antibodies or their antigen binding fragments. In this article, the term "binding" preferably relates to specific binding. Preferably, the term "epitope" refers to a segment of a protein or polyprotein recognized by the immune system. Epitopes are generally composed of chemically active surface groups of molecules such as amino acids or sugar side chains, and generally have specific three-dimensional structural characteristics and specific charge characteristics. The difference between conformational epitopes and non-conformational epitopes is that the binding to the former but not the latter is lost in the presence of denaturing solvents.

[0133] In "polyethylene glycol-2000", "PEG-2000", "polyethylene glycol-X", "PEG-X", "X Da polyethylene" or "X Da PEG", "X" is the molecular weight, and "2000" or "X" represents the closest theoretical molecular weight, which is the molecular weight (in Daltons) obtained by rounding the number average molecular weight of the monomers in the measured number average molecular weight of PEG to the nearest whole number. For example, the monomer in the PEG-conjugated lipid is ethylene oxide (-CH 2 -CH 2-O-), which has a molecular weight of 44.04Da. Assuming that the sample has a number average molecular weight of 1990.608Da, it has a number average of 45.2 ethylene oxides (1990.608Da / (44.04Da / ethylene oxide)=45.2 number average ethylene oxides). 45 ethylene oxides are the integer closest to the number average of 45.2 ethylene oxides in the number average molecular weight of 1990.608Da. 45 monomers will also produce a PEG with a theoretical molecular weight of 1981.8Da (45 ethylene oxides×44.04Da / ethylene oxide=1981.8Da). Therefore, in the number average molecular weight of 1990.608Da, the theoretical molecular weight of the PEG lipid with a number average of 45.2 ethylene oxides is 1981.8Da. A molecule with a theoretical molecular weight of PEG of 1981.8 would be "PEG-2000" since it is the closest theoretical weight to 2000 Da from a sample having a number average molecular weight of 1990.608 Da.

[0134] "Protect" or "provide protection" in the context of protecting a subject from an infection, disease, or condition caused by a pathogen refers to the generation or initiation of an immune response, either directly (i.e., by encoding an antibody) or indirectly (i.e., by encoding an antigen to which the immune system responds by generating an anti-antigen antibody or an anti-antigen TCR-mediated immune response), that reduces the likelihood that: 1) the host's body is a reservoir for pathogen replication, and / or that replication is at a level such that it can be transmitted from the host to another host, or 2) a reduction in the likelihood or severity of symptoms or the number of symptoms of infection by the pathogen. In some embodiments, protection reduces the incidence of infection, disease, or condition caused by a pathogen (i.e., whether symptomatic or asymptomatic), which may result in control of a disease associated with the pathogen (i.e., acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (novel coronavirus), which causes the disease known as COVID-19) and / or control of associated adverse health outcomes caused by the pathogen.

[0135] In the case of an infection, disease or condition caused by a pathogen, "treat" or "treatment" refers to treating any symptom, effect or phenotype caused by the pathogen by administering a drug after infection. Treatment may mean reducing the severity or frequency of a condition or disease symptom in a subject, slowing or eliminating the progression of a condition, completely or partially eliminating the symptoms of a disease or condition in a subject, or reducing or eliminating the number of pathogens in a subject. Treatment of an infection, disease or condition caused by a pathogen includes improving, stabilizing, alleviating or eliminating the symptoms, effects or phenotypes caused by the pathogen.

[0136] Recombinant RNA molecules containing UTR

[0137] In one aspect, a recombinant ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule is provided, comprising an optional 5' cap structure (i.e., an optional 5' cap structure comprising a 5' cap nucleoside (i.e., 7-methylguanosine), an optional linker, an optional first 5' ribonucleoside), a 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), a segment encoding a heterologous polypeptide, a 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), and an optional 3' poly(adenosine monophosphate) (poly(A)) tail; wherein:

[0138] The 5'UTR is 5' of the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide;

[0139] The 3'UTR is 3' to the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide;

[0140] The optional 3' poly(A) is 3' to the 3'UTR;

[0141] The 5'UTR comprises the following sequence:

[0142] (1) having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 11 or SEQ ID NO: 13;

[0143] (2) having at least or no more than 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions to SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:11, or SEQ ID NO:13; or (3) both of (1) and (2).

[0144] In another aspect, a recombinant ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule is provided, comprising an optional 5' cap structure (i.e., an optional 5' cap structure comprising a 5' cap nucleoside (i.e., 7-methylguanosine), an optional linker, an optional first 5' ribonucleoside), a 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), a segment encoding a heterologous polypeptide, a 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), and an optional 3' poly(adenosine monophosphate) (poly(A)) tail; wherein:

[0145] The 5'UTR is 5' of the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide;

[0146] The 3'UTR is 3' to the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide;

[0147] The optional 3' poly(A) is 3' to the 3'UTR; and

[0148] The 3'UTR comprises the following sequence:

[0149] (1) having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:12 or SEQ ID NO:14;

[0150] (2) having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions to SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:12, or SEQ ID NO:14; or

[0151] (3) Having both (1) and (2).

[0152] In one aspect, a recombinant ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule is provided, comprising an optional 5' 7-methylguanosine, an optional linker, an optional first 5' ribonucleoside, a 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), a segment encoding a heterologous polypeptide, a 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), and an optional 3' poly(adenosine monophosphate) (poly(A)) tail; wherein:

[0153] The 5'UTR is 5' of the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide;

[0154] The 3'UTR is 3' to the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide;

[0155] The optional 3' poly(A) is 3' to the 3'UTR;

[0156] The 5'UTR comprises a sequence having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 11, or SEQ ID NO: 13; and

[0157] The 3'UTR comprises a sequence having at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:12, or SEQ ID NO:14.

[0158] UTR

[0159] In some embodiments, the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence having at least or no more than 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 11, or SEQ ID NO: 13. In some embodiments, the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 11, or SEQ ID NO: 13.

[0160] In some embodiments, the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence having at least or no more than 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:12, or SEQ ID NO:14.

[0161] In some embodiments, the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:12, or SEQ ID NO:14.

[0162] In some embodiments, the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (1) is identical to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 11, or SEQ ID NO: 13 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91. 1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:11, or SEQ ID NO:13; or (3) has both (1) and (2).

[0163] In some embodiments, the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (1) is identical to SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 12, or SEQ ID NO: 14 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4 %, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9% 4.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:12, or SEQ ID NO:14; or (3) has both (1) and (2).

[0164] In some embodiments, when the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO: 1 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1; or (3) having both (1) and (2), the 3'UTR comprising, consisting of, or being the following sequence, wherein: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO:2 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4% %, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9% 4.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0165] In some embodiments, when the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO:3 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3; or (3) having both (1) and (2), the 3'UTR comprising, consisting of, or being the following sequence, wherein: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO:4 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4% %, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9% 4.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:4; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0166] In some embodiments, when the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO:5 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:5; or (3) having both (1) and (2), the 3'UTR comprising, consisting of, or being the following sequence, wherein: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO:6 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4% %, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9% 4.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0167] In some embodiments, when the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO:7 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:7; or (3) having both (1) and (2), the 3'UTR comprising, consisting of, or being the following sequence, wherein: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO:8 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4% %, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9% 4.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0168] In some embodiments, when the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO:9 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9; or (3) having both (1) and (2), the 3'UTR comprising, consisting of, or being the following sequence, wherein: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO: 10 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0169] In some embodiments, when the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO: 11 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 11; or (3) having both (1) and (2), the 3'UTR comprising, consisting of, or being the following sequence, wherein: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO: 12 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 12; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0170] In some embodiments, when the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO: 13 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 13; or (3) having both (1) and (2), the 3'UTR comprising, consisting of, or being the following sequence, wherein: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO: 14 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 14; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0171] In some embodiments, the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (1) is identical to SEQ ID NO:7 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:7; or (3) has both (1) and (2); and the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO:7 NO: 14 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 14; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0172] In some embodiments, the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (1) is identical to SEQ ID NO: 13 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 13; or (3) has both (1) and (2); and the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO:8 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0173] In some embodiments, when the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO:2 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2; or (3) has both (1) and (2); the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO: 1 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0174] In some embodiments, when the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO:4 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:4; or (3) has both (1) and (2); the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO:4 NO:3 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0175] In some embodiments, when the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO:6 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6; or (3) has both (1) and (2); the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO:5 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:5; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0176] In some embodiments, when the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO:8 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8; or (3) has both (1) and (2); the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO:7 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:7; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0177] In some embodiments, when the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO: 10 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10; or (3) has both (1) and (2); the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO:9 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0178] In some embodiments, when the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO: 12 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 12; or (3) has both (1) and (2); the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO: 11 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 11; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0179] In some embodiments, when the 3'UTR comprises, consists of, or is the following sequence: (1) the same sequence as SEQ ID NO: 14 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91. 7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 14; or (3) has both (1) and (2); the 5'UTR comprises, consists of, or is a sequence that: (4) is identical to SEQ ID NO: NO: 13 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87. 4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91. 0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94. 6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (5) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 13; or (6) has both (4) and (5).

[0180] Segments or sequences encoding heterologous polypeptides

[0181] In some embodiments, the segment or sequence encoding a heterologous polypeptide comprises or has one, two, three, four, five or six stop codons at its 3' end. In some embodiments, the segment or sequence encoding a heterologous polypeptide comprises or has a translation initiation codon (i.e., "AUG") at its 5' end. In some embodiments, the segment or sequence encoding a heterologous polypeptide comprises, consists of, consists essentially of, is, or has a segment or sequence encoding an immunogen, an antibody, an enzyme, a hormone, or a structural protein. In some embodiments, the heterologous polypeptide includes a heterologous glycoprotein of a heterologous polypeptide, a heterologous lipoprotein of a heterologous polypeptide, a heterologous lipo-glycoprotein of a heterologous polypeptide, and a post-translational product of a heterologous polypeptide translated from a segment encoding a heterologous polypeptide. In some embodiments, the heterologous polypeptide comprises an amino acid portion, a post-translational modification adds a sugar, a lipid, a lipid and a sugar thereto, and a post-translational modification of a heterologous polypeptide. In some embodiments of the methods disclosed below, the method comprises translating a heterologous polypeptide in a subject from a segment comprising the heterologous polypeptide, and post-translational modification of an amino acid portion, the post-translational modification adding thereto a modification comprising a sugar, a lipid, thereby obtaining a cell expressing a post-translationally modified form of the heterologous amino acid.

[0182] In some embodiments, the heterologous polypeptide comprises a pre-form or pro-form of a biologically active protein. In some embodiments, the immunogen, antibody, enzyme, hormone or structural protein is a pre-form or pro-form of a biologically active immunogen, a biologically active antibody, a biologically active enzyme, a biologically active hormone or a biologically active structural protein. In some embodiments, the immunogen, antibody, enzyme, hormone or structural protein is a biologically active immunogen, a biologically active antibody, a biologically active enzyme, a biologically active hormone or a biologically active structural protein. For example, a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunogen comprises RSV fusion protein / glycoprotein (RSV-F) and its pre-fusion form (RSV pre-F).

[0183] In some embodiments, the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide comprises a sequence that is at least 70% identical to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29-31 and 123-133. In some embodiments, the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide (e.g., an antigen encoding sequence) comprises a sequence that: (1) is identical to SEQ ID NOs: At least one of NOs: 29-31 and 123-133 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87. .2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5 %, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having at least, no more than, or exactly 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29-31 and 123-133; or (3) having both (1) and (2).

[0184] In some embodiments, the recombinant RNA molecule comprises a sequence that: (1) has at least 70% identity to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 32-40, 45-62, 69-77, 82-90, 134-173, and 178-197; (2) has at least, no more than, or exactly 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 32-40, 45-62, 69-77, 82-90, 134-173, and 178-197; or (3) has both (1) and (2). In some embodiments, the recombinant RNA molecule comprises a sequence that: (1) has at least 70% identity to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 32-40, 45-62, 69-77, 82-90, 134-173, and 178-197; (2) has at least, no more than, or exactly 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 32-40, 45-62, 69-77, 82-90, 134-173, and 178-197. At least one of NO: 32-40, 45-62, 69-77, 82-90, 134-173, and 178-197 has at least 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2 %, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3 %, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92. 4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 9 7.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having at least, no more than, or exactly 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 32-40, 45-62, 69-77, 82-90, 134-173, and 178-197; or (3) having both (1) and (2).

[0185] Immunogen

[0186] In some embodiments, the immunogen induces an immune response against, is an immunogen from, is derived from (i.e., by derivation, it may not be the exact immunogenic polypeptide but may have modifications that stabilize the protein for, e.g., expression in a cell or presentation by an immune response) or is an immunogenic mimotope of a polypeptide from Neisseria meningitidis, including but not limited to membrane proteins such as adhesins, autotransporters, toxins, iron acquisition proteins, and factor H binding proteins. white; Streptococcus pneumoniae, including but not limited to RrgB pilus subunit, β-N-acetylhexosaminidase precursor (spr0057), spr0096, general stress protein GSP-781 (spr2021, SP2216), serine / threonine kinase StkP (SP1732) and pneumococcal surface adhesin PsaA; Streptococcus pyogenes; Moraxella catarrhalis; Bordetella pertussis, including but not limited to pertussis toxin or toxoid (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin and agglutinogens 2 and 3; Staphylococcus aureus, including hemolytic esxA, esxB, ferritin binding protein (sta006) and sta011 lipoprotein; Clostridium tetani, including tetanus toxoid immunogen; Corynebacterium diphtheriae, including diphtheria toxoid immunogen; Haemophilus influenzae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Streptococcus agalactiae; Chlamydia trachomatis, including but not limited to PepA, LcrE, ArtJ, DnaK, CT398, OmpH-like, L7 / L12, OmcA, AtoS, CT547, Eno, HtrA and MurG; Chlamydia pneumoniae; Helicobacter pylori; Escherichia coli, including the following pathological subtypes : Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEC), diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), and extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) (including urethrapathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and meningitis / sepsis-associated Escherichia coli (MNEC)); Bacillus anthracis; Yersinia pestis; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Clostridium difficile; Clostridium perfringens; Clostridium botulinum; Legionella pneumophila; Coxiella burnetii burnetiid); Brucella, including Brucella abortus, Brucella canis, Brucella malta, Brucella woodrat, Brucella ovis, Brucella suis, Brucella pinnipedae; Francisella, including Francisella novicida, Francisella mirage, Francisella tularensis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae, including polypeptides of outer membrane vesicles; Treponema pallidum; Haemophilus ducreyi; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterococcus faecium; Staphylococcus saprophyticus; Yersinia enterocolitica; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Rickettsia; Listeria monocytogenes; Vibrio cholerae; Salmonella, including Salmonella typhi;Borrelia burgdorferi; Porphyromonas gingivalis; and Klebsiella. In some embodiments, the Clostridium difficile immunogen comprises toxin A and toxin B (also referred to as TcdA and TcdB, respectively), fragments thereof, detoxification mutations thereof, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the detoxification mutations of TcdA, TcdB, and fragments thereof comprise insertions, deletions, and point mutations. In some embodiments, the detoxification mutations and fragments of TcdA and TcdB may be those of WO2014 / 197651, WO2015 / 123767, and WO2019 / 64115. ;

[0187] In some embodiments, the immunogen induces an immune response against, is an immunogen from, is derived from (i.e., by derivation, it may not be the exact immunogenic polypeptide, but may have modifications that stabilize the polypeptide for, e.g., expression in a cell or presentation by an immune response) or is an immunogenic mimotope of a polypeptide from at least one of the following viruses: an orthomyxovirus, including influenza A, B, or C viruses, including from influenza A subtypes H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, H7, H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15, H16, H17, H18, H19, H20, H21, H22, H23, H24, H35, H40, H56, H67, H78, H89, H9, H9, H10, H11, H12, H24, H36, H40, H57, H68, H79, H80, H81, H82, H83, H84, H85, H86, H9, H9, H10, H11, H12, H24, H36, H40, H57, H68, H89, H9, H11, H12 7, H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15 and H16, and immunogens including neuraminidase matrix M2 protein and hemagglutinin; Paramyxoviridae viruses, including but not limited to viruses derived from pneumoviruses (including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)), rubella viruses (including mumps virus), paramyxoviruses (including parainfluenza virus, parapneumovirus), measles virus genus (including measles, including its spike-like protein immunogens, membrane fusion proteins, (i.e., encoded by RNA as a protein, but once translated by a mammalian cell expressing the protein, it becomes a glycoprotein; for example, RSV F and RSV pre-F) and attachment proteins (i.e., encoded by RNA as a protein, but once translated by a mammalian cell expressing the protein, it becomes a glycoprotein; for example, RSV G)); Poxviridae: Viral immunogens include, but are not limited to, those derived from the genus Orthopoxvirus, such as smallpox, including but not limited to variola major and variola minor; Picornaviruses include rhinoviruses, hepatoviruses, cardioviruses, foot-and-mouth disease viruses, and enteroviruses (including EV71 enterovirus, coxsackie A virus, coxsackie B virus, poliovirus type 1, poliovirus type 2, and poliovirus type 3); Bunyaviruses include the genus Orthopoxvirus, such as California encephalitis virus, phleboviruses (such as Rift Valley fever virus), and Nairoviruses (e.g., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus); Hepatoviruses, including hepatitis A virus (HAV); Filoviruses, including Marburg virus and Ebolaviruses (including Zaire ebolavirus, Tai Forest ebolavirus (Côte d'Ivoire ebolavirus), Sudan ebolavirus, Reston ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, and Bombali ebolavirus); Togaviruses, including Alphaviruses, Arteriviruses, and Rubiviruses (including Rubivirus, Rubivirus ruteetense, and Rubivirus strelense); Flaviviruses, including Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus, dengue virus (e.g., type 1, 2, 3, or 4), yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Kyosanur Forest virus, West Nile encephalitis virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus, Powassan encephalitis virus, and Zika virus;Pestiviruses, including bovine viral diarrhea (BVDV), swine fever (CSFV), and border disease (BDV); hepadnaviruses, including hepatitis B virus, such as hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg); other hepatitis viruses, including hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus, hepatitis E virus, and hepatitis G virus;Rhabdoviruses, including alpharahabdovirinae, Almendravirus, Alphanemrhavirus, Alphapaprhavirus, Alpharicinrhavirus, Arurhavirus, Barhavirus, Caligrhavirus, Curiovirus, Ephemeerovirus us), Hapavirus, Ledantevirus, Losthavirus, Lyssavirus (such as rabies virus), Merhavirus, Musrhavirus, Ohlsrhavirus, Perhabdovirus, Sawgrhavirus, Sigmavirus, Sprivivirus, Sripuvirus, Sunrhavirus , Tibrovirus, Tupavirus, Vesiculovirus, Zarhavirus, Betarhabdovirinae, Alphanucleorhabdovirus, Betanucleorhabdovirus, Cytorhabdovirus, Dichorhavirus, Gammanucleorhabdovirus, Varicoceros, Gammavirinae marhabdovirinae), Exorhabdovirus, Alphacrustrhavirus, Alphadrosrhavirus, Alphahymrhavirus, Betahymrhavirus, Betanemrhavirus, Betapaprhavirus, Betaricinrhavirus; Caliciviridae, including Norwalk virus (Norovirus) and Norwalk-like viruses (such as Hawaii virus and Snow Mountain virus);Coronaviruses, including alpha, beta, gamma and delta coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, human coronavirus HKU1, coronavirus infectious bronchitis (IBV), mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), including spike peptide immunogens, nucleoprotein immunogens, membrane protein immunogens and ORF3a protein immunogens; retroviruses, including tumor viruses, lentiviruses (such as human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2) and and foamyvirus; reoviruses, including orthoreoviruses, rotaviruses, orbiviruses and tick virus; parvoviruses, including parvovirus B19; herpesviruses, including human herpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) (e.g., HSV types 1 and 2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), human herpesvirus 7 (HHV7) and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), including such immunogens as gB, gEv (e.g., VZV gE), gH (e.g., CMV gH), gI, gL (e.g., CMV gL), gO; gM, gN; UL128, UL130 and UL131A (e.g., CMV UL128, UL130 and UL131A); papovaviruses, including polyomaviruses and papillomaviruses, including 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 13, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 41, 42, 47, 51, 57, 58, 63 and 65 thereof; and adenoviruses, including adenovirus A (such as adenovirus 12, 18, 31), adenovirus B (such as adenovirus 3, 7, 11, 14, 16, 21, 34, 35, 50 and 55), adenovirus C (such as adenovirus 1, 2, 5, 6 and 57), adenovirus D (such as adenovirus 5 Adenovirus 8, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74 and 75), adenovirus E (such as adenovirus 4), adenovirus F (such as adenovirus 40 and 41), and adenovirus G (such as adenovirus 52). ;

[0188] In some embodiments, the immunogen induces an immune response against, is an immunogen from, is derived from (i.e., by derivation, it may not be the exact immunogenic polypeptide but may have modifications that stabilize the polypeptide for, e.g., expression in a cell or presentation by an immune response) at least one of the following fungi, or is an immunogenic mimotope of a polypeptide from at least one of the following fungi: dermatophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum canis, Microsporum obliquus, Microsporum equi, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum suum, Trichophyton concentricum, Trichophyton equinum, Trichophyton gallinarum, Trichophyton gypseum, Trichophyton meginis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton quinquefolium, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton schrenckii, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton verrucosum white variant, disc-shaped variant, orange variant, Trichophyton violaceum and / or Trichophyton cellularis; Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus sidowii, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus glaucus, Cephalosporin, Candida albicans, Candida enolase, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida asteroides, Candida cusei, Candida parkii (Candida parakwsei), Portuguese Candida, Pseudocytinidae tropicalis, Candida guillimonga, Cladosporium carinii, Coccidioides immitis, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Geotrichum clavatum, Histoplasma capsulatum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Microsporidia, Echinococcus spp., Enterosporea septata; Enterosporea bieneus; Brachiola spp., Microsporidia, Nosema spp., Pleistophora spp., Trachipleistophora spp., Vittaformas spp., Paracoccidioides brasiliensis brasiliensis), Pneumocystis carinii, Cryptosporidium ninsidiosum, Pityrosporum ovale, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces boulardii, Pichia pastoris, Scedosporium apiospermum, Sporothrix schenckii, Trichosporon beigelii, Toxoplasma gondii, Penicillium marneffei, Malassezia spp., Fonsecaea spp., Wangiella spp., Sporothrix spp., Froganoderma spp., Conidiobolus spp., Rhizopus spp., Mucor spp., Absidia spp., Mortierella spp., Cunninghamella spp., Saxonyx spp., Alternaria spp., Curvularia spp., Helminthosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Unicosporum spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Paecilomyces spp., Pitotomyces spp., and Cladosporium spp.

[0189] In some embodiments, the immunogen induces an immune response against, is an immunogen from, is derived from (i.e., by derivation, it may not be the exact immunogenic polypeptide, but may have modifications that stabilize the polypeptide for, e.g., expression in a cell or presentation by an immune response) at least one of the following parasites, or is an immunogenic mimotope of a polypeptide from at least one of the following parasites: malarial parasites, such as Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium ovale and the family Ichthyidae, particularly those from the genera Ichthyidae and Ichthyidae, such as sea lice, such as Caligus salmonis or Caligusrogercresseyi.

[0190] In some embodiments, the immunogen induces an immune response to: pollen allergens (tree, herb, weed, and grass pollen allergens); insect or arachnid allergens (inhalation, salivary, and venom allergens, e.g., mite allergens, cockroach and Chironomid allergens, Hymenoptera venom allergens); animal hair and dandruff allergens (from, e.g., dogs, cats, horses, rats, mice, etc.); and food allergens (e.g., gliadins). Important pollen allergens from trees, grasses and herbs originate from the Fagaceae, Oleales, Pinales and Platanaceae families, including but not limited to birch (Betula), alder (Alnus), hazelnut (Corylus), hornbeam (Carpinus) and olive (Olea europaea), cedar (Cryptostroboides and Juniperus), plane tree (Platanus), Poaceae (grasses including Lolium, Fructus, Poa, Cynodon, Dactylis, Velvet, Phalaenopsis, Secale and Sorghum), Asterales and Urticales (herbs including Ambrosia, Artemisia and Wallwort). Other important inhalation allergens are those from house dust mites of the genera Dermatophagus and Mycophagus, storage mites such as Lepidophagus, Glycyrrhiza, and Tyrophagus, those from cockroaches, Chironomids, and fleas such as Blattella, Periplaneta, Chironomids, and Acanthocephala, and those from mammals such as cats, dogs, and horses, and venom allergens include those derived from stinging or biting insects such as those from the order Hymenoptera, including bees (Apidae), wasps (Vespidae), and ants (Formicidae).

[0191] In some embodiments, the immunogen is a tumor antigen selected from the group consisting of: (a) cancer-testis antigens, such as NY-ESO-1, SSX2, SCP1, and RAGE, BAGE, GAGE, and MAGE family polypeptides, such as GAGE-1, GAGE-2, MAGE-1, MAGE-2, MAGE-3, MAGE-4, MAGE-5, MAGE-6, and MAGE-12 (which can be used, for example, to treat melanoma, lung, head and neck, NSCLC, thymus, gastrointestinal tract, and bladder tumors; (b) mutant antigens, such as p53 (associated with various solid tumors (e.g., colorectal cancer, lung cancer, head and neck cancer)), p21 / Ras (associated with, for example, melanoma, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer), CDK4 (associated with, for example, melanoma), MUM1 (associated with, for example, melanoma), caspase-8 (associated with, for example, head and neck cancer), CIA 0205 (associated with, for example, bladder cancer), HLA-A2-R1701, β-catenin (associated with, for example, melanoma), TCR (associated with, for example, T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), BCR-abl (associated with, for example, chronic myeloid leukemia), triosephosphate isomerase, KIA 0205, CDC-27, and LDLR-FUT; (c) overexpressed antigens, such as galectin 4 (associated with, for example, colorectal cancer), galectin 9 (associated with, for example, Hodgkin's disease), proteinase 3 (associated with, for example, chronic myeloid leukemia), WT 1 (associated with, for example, various leukemias), carbonic anhydrase (associated with, for example, renal cancer), aldolase A (associated with, for example, lung cancer), PRAME (associated with, for example, melanoma), HER-2 / neu (associated with, for example, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, and ovarian cancer), mammaglobin, alpha-fetoprotein (associated with, for example, liver cancer), KSA (associated with, for example, colorectal cancer), gastrin (associated with, for example, pancreatic cancer and gastric cancer), telomerase catalytic protein, MUC-1 (associated with, for example, breast cancer and ovarian cancer), G-250 (associated with, for example, renal cell carcinoma), p53 (associated with, for example, breast cancer, colon cancer), and carcinoembryonic antigen (associated with, for example, breast cancer, lung cancer, and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, such as colorectal cancer); (d) shared antigens, for example, melanoma-melanocyte differentiation antigens, such as MART-1 / Melan A, gp100, MC1R, melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 / TRP1 and tyrosinase-related protein-2 / TRP2 (associated with, for example, melanoma); (e) prostate-associated antigens such as PAP, PSA, PSMA, PSH-P1, PSM-P1, PSM-P2, associated with, for example, prostate cancer; (f) immunoglobulin idiotype (e.g., associated with myeloma and B-cell lymphoma).In certain embodiments, tumor immunogens include, but are not limited to, p15, Hom / Mel-40, H-Ras, E2A-PRL, H4-RET, IGH-IGK, MYL-RAR, Epstein-Barr virus antigens, EBNA, human papillomavirus (HPV) antigens (including E6 and E7), hepatitis B and C virus antigens, human T-cell lymphotropic virus antigens, TSP-180, p185erbB2, p180erbB-3, c-met, mn-23H1, TAG-72-4, CA 19-9, CA 72-4, CAM 17.1, NuMa, K-ras, p16, TAGE, PSCA, CT7, 43-9F, 5T4, 791Tgp72, β-HCG, BCA225, BTAA, CA 125, CA15-3 (CA 27.29\BCAA), CA 195, CA 242, CA-50, CAM43, CD68\KP1, CO-029, FGF-5, Ga733 (EpCAM), HTgp-175, M344, MA-50, MG7-Ag, MOV18, NB / 70K, NY-CO-1, RCAS1, SDCCAG16, TA-90 (Mac-2 binding protein / cyclophilin C-related protein), TAAL6, TAG72, TLP, TPS, etc.

[0192] In some embodiments, the segment encoding the immunogen comprises a sequence that is at least 70% identical to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29-31 and 123-133. In some embodiments, the segment encoding the immunogen comprises a sequence that: (1) is identical to SEQ ID NOs: At least one of NO: 29-31 and 123-133 has at least 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2% %, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9% 4.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical; (2) having at least, no more than, or exactly 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29-31 and 123-133; or (3) having both (1) and (2).

[0193] A recombinant RNA molecule comprising a sequence encoding the SARS-COV-2 Omicron strain-specific spike protein.

[0194] In another aspect, a recombinant RNA molecule is provided, comprising a sequence (e.g., an antigen encoding sequence) that: (1) has at least 70% identity to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29, 30, and 123-133; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29, 30, and 123-133; or (3) has both (1) and (2); and optionally further comprises an optional 5' cap structure (the optional 5' cap structure comprising a 5' cap nucleoside (i.e., an optional 5' 7-methylguanosine), a linker, an optional first 5' ribonucleoside), an optional 5' UTR, an optional 3' UTR, and an optional 3' poly (A) tail.

[0195] In some embodiments, the sequence (e.g., antigen encoding sequence): (1) has at least 70% identity to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29, 30, and 123-133; (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29, 30, and 123-133; or (3) has both (1) and (2), having: (1) having at least 70% identity to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29, 30, and 123-133; At least one of NO: 29, 30, and 123-133 has at least 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87.0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 87.0% %, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90 .5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5%, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9% , 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identical, (2) has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 additions, deletions or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29, 30, and 123-133; or (3) has both (1) and (2).

[0196] In some embodiments, the recombinant RNA molecule comprises a sequence that: (1) has at least 70% identity to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 45-62, 134-173, and 178-197; (2) has at least, no more than, or exactly 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 45-62, 134-173, and 178-197; or (3) has both (1) and (2). In some embodiments, the recombinant RNA molecule comprises a sequence that is at least 70% identical to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 45-62, 134-173, and 178-197; (2) has at least, no more than, or exactly 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 additions, deletions, or substitutions relative to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 45-62, 134-173, and 178-197. At least one of NO:45-62 has at least 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85.0%, 85.1%, 85.2%, 85.3%, 85.4%, 85.5%, 85.6%, 85.7%, 85.8%, 85.9%, 86.0%, 86.1%, 86.2%, 86.3%, 86.4%, 86.5%, 86.6%, 86.7%, 86.8%, 86.9%, 87 .0%, 87.1%, 87.2%, 87.3%, 87.4%, 87.5%, 87.6%, 87.7%, 87.8%, 87.9%, 88.0%, 88.1%, 88.2%, 88.3%, 88.4%, 88.5%, 88.6%, 88.7%, 88.8%, 88.9%, 89.0%, 89.1%, 89.2%, 89.3%, 89.4%, 89.5%, 89.6%, 89.7%, 89.8%, 89.9%, 90.0%, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, 91.0%, 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, 91.6%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 91.9%, 92.0%, 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, 92.6%, 92.7%, 92.8%, 92.9%, 93.0%, 93.1%, 93.2%, 93.3%, 93.4%, 93.5 %, 93.6%, 93.7%, 93.8%, 93.9%, 94.0%, 94.1%, 94.2%, 94.3%, 94.4%, 94.5%, 94.6%, 94.7%, 94.8%, 94.9%, 95.0%, 95.1%, 95.2%, 95.3%, 95.4%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 95.7%, 95.8%, 95.9%, 96.0%, 96.1%, 96.2%, 96.3%, 96.4%, 96.5%, 96.6%, 96.7%, 96.8%, 96.9%, 97.0%, 97.1%, 97.2%, 97.3%, 97.4%, 97.5%, 97.6%, 97.7%, 97.8%, 97.9%, 98.0%, 98.1%, 98.2%, 98.3%, 98.4%, 98.5%, 98.6%, 98.7%, 98.8%, 98.9%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 99.2%, 99.3%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.9%, or 100% identity; (2) relative to SEQ ID At least one of NO: 45-62, 134-173 and 178-197 has at least, no more than or exactly 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 additions, deletions or substitutions; or (3) has both (1) and (2).

[0197] In some embodiments, the recombinant RNA molecule further comprises a segment encoding another immunogen, such as those described above. In some embodiments, the recombinant RNA molecule is present in a composition comprising an RNA molecule encoding an immunogen other than the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain-specific spike protein or an RNA molecule that does not encode at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 29, 30, and 123-133.

[0198] 3' poly(adenosine monophosphate) tail (3' poly(A) tail)

[0199] In some embodiments, the recombinant RNA comprises a 3' poly(adenosine monophosphate) (poly(A)) tail. In some embodiments, the 3' poly(A) tail is 3' of the 3'UTR. In some embodiments, the 3' poly(A) tail is located at the 3' end of the recombinant RNA.

[0200] In some embodiments, the poly(A) tail comprises, consists essentially of, consists essentially of, has, or is at least: 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, or 120 adenosine monophosphate residues. In some embodiments, the poly(A) tail comprises, consists essentially of, has, or is at least: 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 , 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, or 120 consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues.

[0201] In some embodiments, the poly(A) tail comprises, consists essentially of, consists essentially of, has or is no more than 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, or 120 adenosine monophosphate residues. In some embodiments, the poly(A) tail comprises, consists essentially of, consists essentially of, has or is no more than 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 , 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, or 120 consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues.

[0202] In view of the above embodiments, it is contemplated and supported that any of the above “adenosine monophosphate residues” of “at least” and any of the above “adenosine monophosphate residues” of “no more than” can be combined to provide a closed range (i.e., the 3′ poly(A) tail contains from 60 to 90 consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues).

[0203] In some embodiments, the poly(A) tail comprises, consists essentially of, consists essentially of, has, or is from 20 to: 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 9, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 21 to: 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 , 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 22 to: 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;23 to: 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 24 to: 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 25 to: 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 26 to: 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;27 to: 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 28 to: 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 29 to: 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 30 to: 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;31 to: 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 32 to: 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 33 to: 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 34 to: 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 35 to: 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 36 to: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 9, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 37 to: 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 , 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 38 to: 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, from 39 to: 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 40 to: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 41 to: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 5 2, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 42 to: 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 , 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 43 to: 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 44 to: 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 45 to: 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 46 to: 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 47 to: 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 ,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96 , 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 48 to: 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 8 3, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 49 to: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71 1, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 50 to: 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 6 0, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100;from 51 to: 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 52 to: 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 53 to: 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96 , 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 54 to: 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 55 to: 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7 4, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 56 to: 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;From 57 to: 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 , 98, 99 or 100; from 58 to: 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 9 5, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 59 to: 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 60 to: 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 9 3, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 61 to: 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 62 to: 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 9 5, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 63 to: 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 , 98, 99 or 100; from 64 to: 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 65 to: 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 66 to: 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 67 to: 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7 4, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 68 to: 69% 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 69 to: 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 9, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 70 to: 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 71 to: 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 72 to: 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 7, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 73 to: 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 74 to: 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;or from 75 to: 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100 adenosine monophosphate residues.;

[0204] In some embodiments, the poly(A) tail comprises, consists essentially of, consists essentially of, has, or is from 20 to: 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 9, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 21 to: 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 , 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 22 to: 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;23 to: 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 24 to: 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 25 to: 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 26 to: 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;27 to: 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 28 to: 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 29 to: 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 30 to: 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;31 to: 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 32 to: 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 33 to: 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 34 to: 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 35 to: 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 36 to: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 9, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 37 to: 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 , 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 38 to: 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, from 39 to: 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 40 to: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 41 to: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 5 2, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 42 to: 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 , 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 43 to: 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 44 to: 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 45 to: 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 46 to: 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 47 to: 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 ,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96 , 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 48 to: 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 8 3, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 49 to: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71 1, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 50 to: 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 6 0, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100;from 51 to: 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 52 to: 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 53 to: 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96 , 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 54 to: 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 55 to: 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7 4, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 56 to: 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;From 57 to: 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 , 98, 99 or 100; from 58 to: 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 9 5, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 59 to: 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 60 to: 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 9 3, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 61 to: 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 62 to: 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 9 5, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 63 to: 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 , 98, 99 or 100; from 64 to: 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 65 to: 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 66 to: 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 67 to: 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7 4, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 68 to: 69% 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 69 to: 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 9, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 70 to: 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 71 to: 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 72 to: 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 7, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 73 to: 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 74 to: 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;or from 75 to: 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100 consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues. ;

[0205] Also contemplated and supported are combinations of "at least" "adenosine monophosphate residues" and "no more than" any of the above "adenosine monophosphate residues" with the number of adenosine monophosphate residues provided in the Examples herein. Also contemplated and supported are combinations of adenosine monophosphate residues in the Examples section herein to provide a range (i.e., from [RNA X in the Examples] 1 The number of adenosine monophosphate residues in RNA X in the embodiment 2 The number of adenosine monophosphate residues in [the number of adenosine monophosphate residues in], where X 1 and X 2 Any two exemplary RNA molecules representing the Examples.

[0206] In some embodiments, the RNA comprises a 3' segmented poly(A) tail, the 3' segmented poly(A) tail comprising a first segment of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues, a spacer, and a second segment of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues. In some embodiments, the 3' segmented poly(A) tail is ordered from 5' to 3' as a first segment of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues, a spacer, and a second segment of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues. In some embodiments, the 3' segmented poly(A) tail is 3' from a 3'UTR. In some embodiments, the 3' segmented poly(A) tail is located at the 3' end of the recombinant RNA.

[0207] In some embodiments, the first stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises, consists essentially of, has, or is at least 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, or 120 adenosine monophosphate residues.

[0208] In some embodiments, the first stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises, consists essentially of, has, or is no more than 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, or 120 adenosine monophosphate residues.

[0209] In view of the above embodiments, it is considered and supported that any one of the above "adenosine monophosphate residues" of "at least" and any one of the above "adenosine monophosphate residues" of "not more than" can be combined to provide a closed range (i.e., the first consecutive adenosine monophosphate residue segment contains from 60 to 90 consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues).

[0210] 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 21 to: 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 22 to: 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;23 to: 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 24 to: 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 25 to: 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 26 to: 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;27 to: 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 28 to: 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 29 to: 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 30 to: 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;31 to: 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 32 to: 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 33 to: 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 34 to: 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 35 to: 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 36 to: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 9, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 37 to: 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 , 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 38 to: 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, from 39 to: 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 40 to: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 41 to: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 5 2, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 42 to: 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 , 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 43 to: 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 44 to: 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 45 to: 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 46 to: 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 47 to: 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 ,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96 , 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 48 to: 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 8 3, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 49 to: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71 1, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 50 to: 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 6 0, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100;from 51 to: 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 52 to: 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 53 to: 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96 , 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 54 to: 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 55 to: 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7 4, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 56 to: 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;From 57 to: 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 , 98, 99 or 100; from 58 to: 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 9 5, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 59 to: 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 60 to: 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 9 3, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 61 to: 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 62 to: 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 9 5, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 63 to: 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 , 98, 99 or 100; from 64 to: 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 65 to: 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 66 to: 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 67 to: 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7 4, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 68 to: 69% 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 69 to: 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 9, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 70 to: 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 71 to: 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 72 to: 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 7, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 73 to: 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 74 to: 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;or from 75 to: 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100 adenosine monophosphate residues.;

[0211] Also contemplated and supported is a combination of "at least" a "first consecutive adenosine monophosphate residue stretch" and "no more than" any of the above "first consecutive adenosine monophosphate residue stretches" with the number of adenosine monophosphate residues in the first consecutive adenosine monophosphate residue stretches provided in the Examples herein. Also contemplated and supported is a combination of the number of adenosine monophosphate residues in the first consecutive adenosine monophosphate residue stretches in the Examples section herein to provide a range (i.e., [RNA X in the Examples] 1 [the number of adenosine monophosphate residues in the first continuous adenosine monophosphate residue segment in the example RNA X 2 The number of adenosine monophosphate residues in the first consecutive adenosine monophosphate residue stretch in the first consecutive adenosine monophosphate residue stretch in the second continuous adenosine monophosphate residue stretch in the third continuous adenosine monophosphate residue stretch in the fourth continuous adenosine monophosphate residue stretch in the fifth ... 1 and X 2 Any two exemplary RNA molecules representing the Examples.

[0212] In some embodiments, the second stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises, consists essentially of, has, or is at least 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, or 120 adenosine monophosphate residues.

[0213] In some embodiments, the second stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises, consists essentially of, has, or is no more than 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, or 120 adenosine monophosphate residues.

[0214] In view of the above embodiments, it is considered and supported that any one of the above "adenosine monophosphate residues" of "at least" and any one of the above "adenosine monophosphate residues" of "not more than" can be combined to provide a closed range (i.e., the second consecutive adenosine monophosphate residue segment contains from 60 to 90 consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues).

[0215] In some embodiments, the second stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises, consists essentially of, consists of, has, or is from 20 to: 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 7, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 21 to: 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 5 1, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 22 to: 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 6, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;23 to: 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 24 to: 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 25 to: 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 26 to: 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;27 to: 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 28 to: 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 29 to: 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 30 to: 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;31 to: 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 32 to: 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 9 or 100; from 33 to: 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 34 to: 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 35 to: 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 36 to: 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 9, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 37 to: 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 , 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 38 to: 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, from 39 to: 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 40 to: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 41 to: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 5 2, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 42 to: 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 , 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 43 to: 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 44 to: 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 45 to: 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 46 to: 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 47 to: 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 ,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96 , 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 48 to: 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 8 3, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 49 to: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71 1, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 50 to: 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 6 0, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100;from 51 to: 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 52 to: 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 53 to: 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96 , 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 54 to: 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 55 to: 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7 4, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 56 to: 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;From 57 to: 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 , 98, 99 or 100; from 58 to: 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 9 5, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 59 to: 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 60 to: 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 9 3, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 61 to: 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93 , 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 62 to: 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 9 5, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 63 to: 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 , 98, 99 or 100; from 64 to: 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;from 65 to: 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 66 to: 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 67 to: 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 7 4, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 68 to: 69% 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 69 to: 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 9, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 70 to: 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 71 to: 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 72 to: 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 7, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 73 to: 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100; from 74 to: 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100;or from 75 to: 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100 adenosine monophosphate residues.;

[0216] 5' Cap

[0217] In some embodiments, RNA further comprises a 5' cap. In some embodiments, RNA further comprises a 5' nucleoside (e.g., 7-methylguanosine or modified 7-methylguanosine (e.g., 3'-methyl, 7'-methylguanosine (3'-O-me, 7-me-G))), a 5' first ribonucleoside, an optional 5' second ribonucleoside, and an optional triphosphate bridge. In some embodiments, a 5' nucleoside (e.g., 7-methylguanosine or modified 7-methylguanosine (e.g., 3'-methyl, 7'-methylguanosine (3'-O-me, 7-me-G))) is directly or indirectly connected to the 5' first ribonucleoside by 5' to 5'. In some embodiments, a 5' nucleoside (e.g., 7-methylguanosine or modified 7-methylguanosine (e.g., 3'-methyl, 7'-methylguanosine (3'-O-me, 7-me-G))) is connected to the 5' first ribonucleoside by 5' to 5' through a triphosphate bridge. In some embodiments, the 5' first ribonucleoside comprises a 2'-methylated ribose (2'-O-Me) (i.e., cap-1 or cap-2). In some embodiments, the 5' second ribonucleoside is bound to the 3' end of the 5' first ribonucleoside. In some embodiments, the 5' second ribonucleoside comprises a 2'-methylated ribose (2'-O-Me) (i.e., cap-2). In some embodiments, the 5' first ribonucleoside comprises a 2'-methylated ribose (2'-O-Me) and the 5' second ribonucleoside comprises a 2'-methylated ribose (2'-O-Me) (i.e., cap-2). The 5' cap comprises a guanosine that is connected to the RNA via a 5' to 5' triphosphate connection by an mRNA guanylyl transferase, and wherein the guanine of the guanosine is methylated at its 7 position. In this context and in some embodiments, a 5' to 5' triphosphate linkage occurs when the 5' end of the ribose of the guanosine is linked to the 5' end of the ribose of the RNA via a triphosphate group by an mRNA guanylyltransferase. In some embodiments, thereafter, the guanine of the guanosine is methylated at its 7 position by a (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase. In some embodiments, the addition of 7-methylguanosine to the 5' first ribonucleoside occurs immediately (i.e., 5' to 5') without the addition of 7-guanosine and its further methylation to obtain 7-methylguanosine. In some embodiments, 7-methylguanosine is added to the 5' first ribonucleoside via a 5' to 5' route and the addition of the 5' first ribonucleoside comprising a 2'-methylated ribose or the 5' second ribonucleoside comprising a 2'-methylated ribose occurs immediately (i.e., In some embodiments, a cap structure is preformed (i.e., as cap-1, cap-2, or cap-0, with or without the addition of a 7-methyl group to the 5' guanosine / 7-methylguanosine) and added to the recombinant RNA molecule (i.e., by ligation). In some embodiments, the preformed cap structure has a 5'-AG-3' start sequence added, such as AG product insert (Trilink Corporation Catalog No. N-7113), which is incorporated by reference).

[0218] In the absence of further methylation, 7-methylguanosine attached to the 5' first ribonucleoside via a 5' to 5' sequence is called cap-0 and is denoted as 5'(m7Gp)(ppN)[pN] N , where the first "N" represents the first (5') base of the RNA, "pN" represents another nucleotide in the RNA, and "[pN] N "middle"[..] N The addition of " represents the repeating polymer structure of RNA, thereby collectively representing each sequentially adjacent nucleotide in the RNA.

[0219] Additional oxygen-linked methylation of the 2' carbon of the ribose of the nucleoside of the RNA immediately adjacent to the 7-methylguanosine (i.e., the 5' first ribonucleoside) is performed by a 2'-0-methyltransferase to produce a cap-1 structure, which is represented as 5'(m7Gp)(ppm2N)[pN] N , wherein the addition of "m2" represents the methylation of the oxygen-linked 2' carbon of the ribose of the nucleoside immediately adjacent (via triphosphate connection) to the 7-methylguanosine. And further, the 5' second ribonucleoside (i.e., the next (3') nucleoside of the 5' first nucleoside methylated in cap-1) is additionally methylated to produce a cap-2 structure, which is represented as 5'(m7Gp)(ppm2N)(m2pN)[pN]n, wherein the addition of the following "m2" represents the methylation of the nucleotide of the nucleotide methylated in cap-1. This cap-2 methylation is also directed to the 2' carbon (i.e., 2'-O-Me) of the ribose of the adjacent nucleotide. In some embodiments, the 5' cap is cap-0, cap-1, or cap-2. In some embodiments, the 5' cap is cap-0. In some embodiments, the 5' cap is cap-1. In some embodiments, the 5' cap is cap-2.

[0220] In some embodiments, the 5' first ribonucleoside or the 5' second ribonucleoside is exogenously added to the RNA. In some embodiments, the 5' first ribonucleoside or the 5' second ribonucleoside is native to the RNA (i.e., if the native sequence is 5'-UUAAT-3', then when there is a triphosphate bridge, the addition of m7Gp will produce 5'-m7Gp(ppUUAAT-3'; if the native sequence is the same, the cap-1 structure will produce 5'-(m7Gp)(ppm2U)UAAT-3', and the cap-2 structure will produce 5'-(m7Gp)(ppm2U)(m2U)AAT-3').

[0221] Kits that provide all the materials for the 5' cap, either Cap-1 or Cap-2, are available, as well as supplemental kits that add the contents of Cap-1 and Cap-2 to the Cap-0 kit. The 5' capping method can be performed according to the manufacturer's instructions.

[0222] Modified nucleotides

[0223] In some embodiments, the percentage of uridine or thymidine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace uridine or a modified nucleotide that can replace thymidine is at least: 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, %, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. In some embodiments, the percentage of uridine or thymidine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace uridine or a modified nucleotide that can replace thymidine is no more than: 80%, 79%, 78%, 77%, 76%, 75%, 74%, 73%, 72%, 71%, 70%, 69%, 68%, 67%, 66%, 65%, 64%, 63%, 62%, 61%, 60%, 59%, 58%, 57%, 56%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59 ... %, 48%, 47%, 46%, 45%, 44%, 43%, 42%, 41%, 40%, 39%, 38%, 37%, 36%, 35%, 34%, 33%, 32%, 31%, 30%, 29%, 28%, 27%, 26%, 25%, 24%, 23%, 22%, 21%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, or 15%. In view of the above embodiments, it is considered and supported that any of the above "%" of "at least" and any of the above "%" of "no more than" can be combined to provide a closed range (i.e., the percentage of uridine or thymidine substituted by a modified nucleotide that can replace uridine or a modified nucleotide that can replace thymidine is from 25% to 75%). In some embodiments, the percentage of uridine or thymidine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace uridine or a modified nucleotide that can replace thymidine is from 20% to: 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 12544%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 1 5%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 21% to: 22%, 23%, 24%, 25% , 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 8%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 22% to: 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39% , 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 23% To: 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%,55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 157%, 158%, 159%, 6%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 24% to: 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39% , 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 25% To: 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56% , 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 26% to: 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43 %, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%,75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 27% to: 28%, 29%, 30%, 31 %, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62% , 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 28% to: 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51 %, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82% , 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 29% to: 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 1%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72 %, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 30% to: 31%,32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 3%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94 %, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 31% to: 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 157%, 158%, 159%, 6%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 32% to: 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47% , 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 33% to: 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41 %, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%,73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 34% to: 35%, 36 %, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67% , 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 35% to: 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63 %, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94% , 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 36% to: 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 6 0%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 37% to: 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%,58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%. 9%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 38% to: 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56% , 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 39% to: 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56 %, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87% , 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 40% to: 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 7%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88 %, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 41% to: 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%,58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%. 9%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 42% to: 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60% , 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 43% to: 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64 %, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95% , 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 44% to: 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69% 9%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 1 00%; 45% to: 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%,75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 46% to: 47%, 48%, 49%, 5 0%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81 %, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 47% to: 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%. 9%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 48% to: 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66% , 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 49% to: 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76 %, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 50% to: 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%,56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 51% to: 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67 %, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% , 99%, or 100%; 52% to: 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 8 0%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 53% to: 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62% , 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 54% to: 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77 %, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 55% to: 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%,62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 56% to: 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78 %, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 57% to: 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 6%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 58% to: 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83% , 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 59% to: 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 59% to: 60 2%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 60% to: 61% , 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%,93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 61% to: 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83 %, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 62% to: 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 63% to: 64%, 65%, 66%, 67 %, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% , 99%, or 100%; 64% to: 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 2%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 65% to: 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86% , 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 66% to: 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 8 2%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 67% to: 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%,79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 68% to: 69% 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89 %, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; or from 69% to 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. Also considered and supported are combinations of the above "%" of "at least" or "no more than" the "%" and the substitution percentages provided in the Examples section herein. Also considered and supported are combinations of the substitution percentages in the Examples section herein to provide a range (i.e., from [RNA X in the embodiment, 1 The percentage of substitution in [RNA X in Example 1] is the percentage of substitution in [RNA X in Example 1] 2 The percentage of substitution in], where X 1 and X 2 Any two exemplary RNA molecules representing the Examples.

[0224] In some embodiments, the percentage of cytosine replaced with a modified nucleotide that can replace cytosine is at least: 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, %, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. In some embodiments, the percentage of cytosine replaced by a modified nucleotide that can replace cytosine is no more than: 80%, 79%, 78%, 77%, 76%, 75%, 74%, 73%, 72%, 71%, 70%, 69%, 68%, 67%, 66%, 65%, 64%, 63%, 62%, 61%, 60%, 59%, 58%, 57%, 56%, 55%, 54%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59 ... 2%, 51%, 50%, 49%, 48%, 47%, 46%, 45%, 44%, 43%, 42%, 41%, 40%, 39%, 38%, 37%, 36%, 35%, 34%, 33%, 32%, 31%, 30%, 29%, 28%, 27%, 26%, 25%, 24%, 23%, 22%, 21%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, or 15%. In view of the above embodiments, it is contemplated and supported that any of the above “%” of “at least” and any of the above “%” of “no more than” can be combined to provide a closed range (i.e., the percentage of cytosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace cytosine is from 25% to 75%). In some embodiments, the percentage of cytosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace cytosine is from 20% to: 21%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 10 ... 2%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%,59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 91%, 99%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98 ... 0%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 21% to: 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40% , 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 22% to: 23 %, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54% , 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 23% to: 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38 %, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%,70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% ; 24% to: 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54% , 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 25% to: 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40 %, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71% , 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 26% to: 2 7%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58 %, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%,90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 27% to: 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46% %, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77% , 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 28% to: 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 5%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66 %, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97% , 98%, 99%, or 100%; 29% to: 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 6%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87 %, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 30% to: 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%,47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 8%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 31% to: 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38% , 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% ; 32% to: 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62% , 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 33% to: 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56 %, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%,88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 34% to: 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51 %, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82% , 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 35% to: 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 7%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78 %, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 36% to: 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 1 5%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 37% to: 38%, 39%, 40%, 41% , 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%,73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 38% to: 39%, 40 %, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71% , 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 39% to: 4 0%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71 %, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 40% to: 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103 2%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 41% to: 41% , 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%,73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 42% to: 43%, 44 %, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75% , 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 43% to: 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48% 8%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79 %, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 44% to: 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 1 4%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 45% to: 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58% , 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%,90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 46% to: 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%; 5%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96 %, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 47% to: 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 48% to: 49%, 50 %, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81% , 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 49% to: 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 6 0%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 50% to: 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%,71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 51 % to: 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82 %, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 52% to: 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 5%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 53% to: 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77% , 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 54% to: 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 1%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92 %, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 55% to: 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%,77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 56% to: 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 56% to: 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 2%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93 %, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 57% to: 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 58% to: 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67 %, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98 %, 99%, or 100%; 59% to: 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 60% to: 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76 %, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 61% to: 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%,67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 62% to: 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89 %, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 63% to: 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 64% to: 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75 %, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 65% to: 66%, 67%, 68%, 69% , 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. %; 66% to: 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96 %, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 67% to: 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%,93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 68% to: 69% 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96% %, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; or from 69% to 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. Also considered and supported are combinations of the above "%" of "at least" or "not more than" and the substitution percentages provided in the Examples section herein. Also considered and supported are combinations of the substitution percentages in the Examples section herein to provide a range (i.e., from [RNA X in the embodiment, 1 The percentage of substitution in [RNA X in Example 1] is the percentage of substitution in [RNA X in Example 1] 2 The percentage of substitution in], where X 1 and X 2 Any two exemplary RNA molecules representing the Examples.

[0225] In some embodiments, the percentage of guanosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace guanosine is at least: 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 1%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. In some embodiments, the percentage of guanosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace guanosine is no more than: 80%, 79%, 78%, 77%, 76%, 75%, 74%, 73%, 72%, 71%, 70%, 69%, 68%, 67%, 66%, 65%, 64%, 63%, 62%, 61%, 60%, 59%, 58%, 57%, 56%, 55%, 54%, 53%, 52%, %, 51%, 50%, 49%, 48%, 47%, 46%, 45%, 44%, 43%, 42%, 41%, 40%, 39%, 38%, 37%, 36%, 35%, 34%, 33%, 32%, 31%, 30%, 29%, 28%, 27%, 26%, 25%, 24%, 23%, 22%, 21%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, or 15%. In view of the above embodiments, it is contemplated and supported that any of the above “%” of “at least” and any of the above “%” of “no more than” can be combined to provide a closed range (i.e., the percentage of guanosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace guanosine is from 25% to 75%). In some embodiments, the percentage of guanosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace guanosine is from 20% to: 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%. 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%,61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135 2%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 21% to: 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42% , 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 22% to: 23%, 24%, 25 %, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56% , 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 23% to: 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40 %, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%,72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 24% to: 25 %, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56% , 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 25% to: 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42 %, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73% , 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 26% to: 27%, 28%, 2 9%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60% %, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%,92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 27% to: 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48 %, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79% , 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 28% to: 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 7%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68 %, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% , or 100%; 29% to: 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 8%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89 %, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 30% to: 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%,49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 91%, 99%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98 ...1%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97 0%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 31% to: 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40% , 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 32% to: 33 %, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64% , 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 33% to: 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58 %, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%,90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 34% to: 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53 %, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84% , 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 35% to: 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49% 9%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80 %, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 36% to: 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107 7%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 37% to: 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43% , 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%,75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 38% to: 39%, 40%, 41%, 42 %, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73% , 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 39% to: 40%, 41%, 4 2%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73 %, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 40% to: 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 1 4%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 41% to: 41%, 42%, 43% , 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%,75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 42% to: 43%, 44%, 45%, 46 %, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77% , 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 43% to: 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 5 0%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81 %, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 44% to: 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 157%, 158%, 159%, 6%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 45% to: 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60% , 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%,92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 46% to: 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 9 7%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98 %, 99%, or 100%; 47% to: 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 48% to: 49%, 50%, 51%, 52 %, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83% , 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 49% to: 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 2%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93 %, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 50% to: 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%,73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 51% to: 52%, 5 3%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84 %, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 52% to: 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 157%, 158%, 159%, 7%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 53% to: 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79% , 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 54% to: 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 54% to: 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 3%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94 %, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 55% to: 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%,79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 56% to: 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 56% to: 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 4%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95 %, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 57% to: 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 58% to: 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69 %, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 1 00%; 59% to: 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 60% to: 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78 %, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 61% to: 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%,69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 62% to: 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 63% to: 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 64% to: 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77 %, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 65% to: 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71% , 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 66% to: 6 7%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98 %, 99%, or 100%; 67% to: 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%,95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; 68% to: 69% 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97 %, 98%, 99%, or 100%; or from 69% to 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. Also considered and supported are combinations of the above "%" of "at least" or "not more than" and the substitution percentages provided in the Examples section herein. Also considered and supported are combinations of the substitution percentages in the Examples section herein to provide a range (i.e., from [RNA X in the embodiment, 1 The percentage of substitution in [RNA X in Example 1] is the percentage of substitution in [RNA X in Example 1] 2 The percentage of substitution in], where X 1 and X 2 Any two exemplary RNA molecules representing the Examples.

[0226] In some embodiments, the percentage of adenosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace adenosine is at least: 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 1%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. In some embodiments, the percentage of adenosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace adenosine is no more than: 80%, 79%, 78%, 77%, 76%, 75%, 74%, 73%, 72%, 71%, 70%, 69%, 68%, 67%, 66%, 65%, 64%, 63%, 62%, 61%, 60%, 59%, 58%, 57%, 56%, 55%, 54%, 53%, 52%, %, 51%, 50%, 49%, 48%, 47%, 46%, 45%, 44%, 43%, 42%, 41%, 40%, 39%, 38%, 37%, 36%, 35%, 34%, 33%, 32%, 31%, 30%, 29%, 28%, 27%, 26%, 25%, 24%, 23%, 22%, 21%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, or 15%. In view of the above embodiments, it is contemplated and supported that any of the above “%” of “at least” and any of the above “%” of “no more than” can be combined to provide a closed range (i.e., the percentage of adenosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace adenosine is from 25% to 75%). In some embodiments, the percentage of adenosine substituted with a modified nucleotide that can replace adenosine is from 20% to: 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%. , 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%,62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135 3%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 21% to: 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43 %, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74% , 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 22% to: 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% 7%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88 %, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 23% to: 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40% , 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%,72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 24% to: 2 5%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56% %, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87% , 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 25% to: 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135 3%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 26% to: 27%, 28 %, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59% , 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%,91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 27% to: 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 7%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78 %, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 28% to: 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35% , 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 157%, 158%, 159%, 8%, 99%, or 100%; from 29% to: 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56 %, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87% , 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 30% to: 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%,47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 8%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 31% to: 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38 %, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69% , 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. %; from 32% to: 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 2%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93 %, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 33% to: 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55% , 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%,87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 34% to: 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50% 0%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81 %, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 35% to: 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45% , 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 36% to: 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 2%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73 %, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 37% to: 38%, 39% , 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%,71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 38 % to: 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69 %, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 10 0%; from 39% to: 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 40% to: 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69 %, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 10 0%; from 41% to: 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%,70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% ; from 42% to: 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72 %, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 43% to: 44% , 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 44% to: 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 9%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80 %, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 45% to: 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54% , 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%,86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 46% to: 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 1%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92 %, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 47% to: 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68% , 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 48% to: 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 1 7%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 49% to: 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55 %, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86% , 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 50% to: 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%,66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 157%, 158%, 159%, 7%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 51% to: 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77 %, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 52% to: 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58% , 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 53% to: 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 15 2%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 54% to: 55 %, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86% , 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 55% to: 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%,71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 5 6% to: 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 11 7%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 57% to: 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 57% to: 58%, 59%, 3%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 58% to: 59%, 60 %, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 59% to: 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79% , 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 60% to: 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68% , 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%,or 100%; from 61% to: 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%; from 101% to: 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 0%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 62% to: 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81 %, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 63% to: 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73% , 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 64% to: 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, 101%, 102%, 103%, 104%, 105%, 106%, 107%, 108%, 109%, 110%, 111%, 112%, 113%, 114%, 115%, 116%, 117%, 118%, 119%, 120%, 121%, 122%, 123%, 124%, 125%, 126%, 127%, 128%, 129%, 130%, 131%, 132%, 133%, 134%, 135%, 136%, 137%, 138%, 139%, 140%, 141%, 142%, 143%, 144%, 145%, 146%, 147%, 148%, 149%, 150%, 151%, 152%, 153%, 154%, 155%, 156%, 157%, 158%, 159%, 8%, 99%, or 100%; from 65% to: 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92 %, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 66% to: 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87% , 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 67% to: 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%,84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; from 68% to: 69% 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91% %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%; or from 69% to 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%. Also considered and supported are combinations of the above "%" of "at least" or "not more than" and the substitution percentages provided in the Examples section herein. Also considered and supported are combinations of the substitution percentages in the Examples section herein to provide a range (i.e., from [RNA X in the embodiment, 1 The percentage of substitution in [RNA X in Example 1] is the percentage of substitution in [RNA X in Exampl...

Claims

1. A recombinant ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule comprising a 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), a segment encoding a heterologous polypeptide, a 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) and a 3' poly(adenosine monophosphate) (poly(A)) tail; wherein: a) the 5'UTR is 5' to the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide; b) the 3'UTR is 3' to the segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide; c) the 3' poly(A) is 3' to the 3'UTR; and d) i) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO: 5, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO: 6; ii) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:7, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:8; or iii) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:13, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:

14.

2. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 1, wherein the heterologous polypeptide comprises an immunogen or an antibody against the immunogen.

3. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a 5' cap nucleoside (e.g., 7-methylguanosine or modified 7-methylguanosine) and a first 5' ribonucleoside; wherein the 5' cap nucleoside (e.g., the 7-methylguanosine or the modified 7-methylguanosine) is linked to the first 5' ribonucleoside in a 5' to 5' manner.

4. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 3; wherein the first 5' ribonucleoside comprises a 2' methylated ribose sugar.

5. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 3 or claim 4, further comprising a linker; wherein the 5' cap nucleoside (eg, the 7-methylguanosine or the modified 7-methylguanosine) is linked to the first 5' ribonucleoside in a 5' to 5' manner via the linker.

6. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 5, wherein the linker is a triphosphate.

7. The recombinant RNA molecule of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the recombinant RNA comprises modified nucleotides.

8. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 7, wherein the modified nucleotide comprises: pseudouridine, N1-methylpseudouridine or N1-ethylpseudouridine.

9. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 8, wherein substantially all of the uridines are replaced by at least the pseudouridine, the N1-methylpseudouridine or the N1-ethylpseudouridine.

10. The recombinant RNA molecule of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the 3' poly(A) comprises 70 to 100 consecutive adenosine monophosphates.

11. The recombinant RNA molecule of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the 3' poly(A) tail comprises a 3' segmented poly(A) tail comprising a first segment of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues, a spacer, and a second segment of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues, and wherein the spacer comprises at least one nucleotide other than adenosine monophosphate.

12. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 11, wherein the first stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises 10 to 30 adenosine monophosphates, and the second stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises 70 to 100 adenosine monophosphates.

13. A recombinant RNA molecule as described in any of claims 1-10, comprising a sequence that is at least 95% identical to at least one of the following: SEQ ID NO:32, 35, 38, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57, 60, 69, 72, 75, 82, 85, 88, 134, 138, 142, 146, 150, 154, 158, 162, 166, 170, 174, 178, 182, 186, 190 and 194.

14. A formulation comprising a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) and a recombinant RNA molecule according to any one of the preceding claims; wherein: i) the LNP comprises lipids; ii) the lipid comprises a first lipid and cholesterol; iii) the first lipid comprises a tertiary amine and has a pKa of 5.0 to 7.6; iv) at least half of the first lipid is neutrally charged when the first lipid is at a pH above the pKa; and v) at least half of the first lipid is positively charged when the first lipid is at a pH below the pKa.

15. The formulation of the preceding claim, wherein at least 80% of the recombinant RNA molecules are encapsulated by the LNPs.

16. The formulation of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the lipid further comprises a polyethylene glycol-conjugated (PEG-conjugated) lipid.

17. The formulation of any one of claims 14-16, wherein the PEG-conjugated lipid comprises 1,2-dimyristoyl-rac-glycero-3-methoxypolyethylene glycol.

18. The formulation of any one of claims 14-17, wherein the lipid further comprises a second lipid and the second lipid comprises a neutral lipid or a zwitterionic lipid.

19. The formulation of claim 18, wherein the second lipid comprises a zwitterionic lipid, and the zwitterionic lipid comprises 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC).

20. The formulation of any one of claims 14-19, wherein the first lipid comprises:

21. A method of inducing an immune response to an immunogen in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an amount of the recombinant RNA molecule of any one of claims 2-13 or the formulation of any one of claims 14-20 effective to induce the immune response.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the immune response is a protective immune response.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the immune response is a therapeutic immune response.

24. The method of any one of claims 21-23, wherein the immunogen comprises a venom, a poison, an allergen, a cancer immunogen, a bacterial immunogen, a viral immunogen, a fungal immunogen, a parasite immunogen, or a fragment thereof.

25. The method of any one of claims 21-24, wherein the heterologous protein comprises an antibody directed against the immunogen.

26. The method of any one of claims 21-24, wherein the heterologous protein comprises the immunogen.

27. The method of any one of claims 21-26, wherein the subject is a human.

28. A method for preparing a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, the method comprising mixing an RNA polymerase, nucleotide triphosphates and a template nucleic acid comprising the sequence of the recombinant RNA molecule to obtain a mixture; the mixing is performed under conditions wherein the RNA polymerase produces the recombinant RNA molecule from the template nucleic acid.

29. A method for preparing a formulation as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 20, the method comprising: a. mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with an aqueous buffer to obtain an aqueous recombinant RNA solution; b. mixing the lipids in an organic solvent to obtain a lipid solution; c. mixing the lipid solution and the recombinant RNA solution using at least a T-mixer, a microfluidic mixer, or an impact jet mixer to obtain a first solution, wherein the first solution comprises the LNPs, wherein at least some of the recombinant RNA molecules are encapsulated in the LNPs; and d. purifying the LNP to obtain at least 80% of the recombinant RNA molecules encapsulated by the LNP.

30. Use of a recombinant RNA molecule according to any one of claims 1 to 13 for the preparation of a medicament for delivering a segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide, the method comprising mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.

31. Use of a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 2 to 13 for preparing a medicament for preventing a disease caused by a pathogen comprising the immunogen; the use comprising mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

32. Use of a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 2-13 for the preparation of a medicament for treating a disease caused by a pathogen comprising the immunogen; the use comprising mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

33. Use of the formulation of any one of claims 14-20 for the preparation of a medicament for delivering a segment encoding the heterologous polypeptide, the method comprising mixing the formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.

34. Use of the formulation of any one of claims 14-20 for the preparation of a medicament for preventing a disease caused by a pathogen comprising the immunogen; the use comprising mixing the formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

35. Use of a formulation as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 20 for the preparation of a medicament for treating a disease caused by a pathogen comprising the immunogen; the use comprising mixing the formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

36. A composition for preventing infection by a pathogen in a subject, the composition comprising (A) a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and (B) (i) a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 2-13 or (B) (ii) a formulation as described in any one of claims 14-20; the pathogen comprises the immunogen.

37. A composition for inducing an immune response against a pathogen in a subject, the composition comprising (A) a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and (B) (i) a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 2-13 or (B) (ii) a formulation as described in any one of claims 14-20; the pathogen comprises the immunogen.

38. A composition for treating an infection by a pathogen in a subject, the composition comprising (A) a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and (B) (i) a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 2-13 or (B) (ii) a formulation as described in any one of claims 14-20; the pathogen comprising the immunogen.

39. A recombinant RNA molecule comprising a first sequence or a second sequence, wherein the first sequence has at least 90% identity with SEQ ID NO:29 and the second sequence has at least 97% identity with SEQ ID NO:

30.

40. A recombinant RNA molecule comprising an antigen encoding sequence that is at least 90% identical to one of SEQ ID NOs: 123-133.

41. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 39 or claim 40, further comprising a 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) and a 3' untranslated region (3'UTR); wherein: a) the 5'UTR is 5' of the segment encoding the antigen encoding sequence; b) the 3'UTR is 3' to the segment encoding the antigen encoding sequence; and c) i) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO: 5, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO: 6; ii) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:7, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:8; or iii) the 5'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:13, and the 3'UTR comprises a sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:

14.

42. The recombinant RNA molecule of any one of claims 39-41, further comprising a 5' cap nucleoside (e.g., 7-methylguanosine or modified 7-methylguanosine) and a first 5' ribonucleoside; wherein the 5' cap nucleoside (e.g., the 7-methylguanosine or the modified 7-methylguanosine) is linked to the first 5' ribonucleoside in a 5' to 5' manner.

43. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 42; wherein the first 5' ribonucleoside comprises a 2' methylated ribose sugar.

44. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 42 or claim 43, further comprising a linker; wherein the 5' cap nucleoside (eg, the 7-methylguanosine or the modified 7-methylguanosine) is linked 5' to 5' to the first 5' ribonucleoside via the linker.

45. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 44, wherein the linker is a triphosphate.

46. ​​The recombinant RNA molecule of any one of claims 39-45, wherein the recombinant RNA comprises modified nucleotides.

47. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 46, wherein the modified nucleotide comprises: pseudouridine, N1-methylpseudouridine, or N1-ethylpseudouridine.

48. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 46, wherein substantially all of the uridines are replaced by at least said pseudouridine, said N1-methylpseudouridine or said N1-ethylpseudouridine.

49. The recombinant RNA molecule of any one of claims 39-48, further comprising a 3' poly(A) tail, wherein the 3' poly(A) comprises 70 to 100 consecutive adenosine monophosphates and is 3' to the first sequence or the second sequence.

50. The recombinant RNA molecule of any one of claims 39-48, further comprising a 3' poly(A) tail, wherein the 3' poly(A) tail is 3' to the first sequence or the second sequence, and the 3' poly(A) tail comprises a 3' segmented poly(A) tail comprising a first segment of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues, a spacer, and a second segment of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues, and wherein the spacer comprises at least one nucleotide other than adenosine monophosphate.

51. The recombinant RNA molecule of claim 50, wherein the first stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises 10 to 30 adenosine monophosphates, and the second stretch of consecutive adenosine monophosphate residues comprises 70 to 100 adenosine monophosphates.

52. The recombinant RNA molecule of any one of claims 39-488, 50 or 52, comprising a sequence at least 95% identical to at least one of SEQ ID NOs: 45-62, 134-73 and 178-197.

53. A formulation comprising a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) and a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 39-522; wherein: i) the LNP comprises lipids; ii) the lipid comprises a first lipid and cholesterol; iii) the first lipid comprises a tertiary amine and has a pKa of 5.0 to 7.6; iv) at least half of the first lipid is neutrally charged when the first lipid is at a pH above the pKa; and v) at least half of the first lipid is positively charged when the first lipid is at a pH below the pKa.

54. The formulation of claim 53, wherein at least 80% of the recombinant RNA molecules are encapsulated by the LNPs.

55. The formulation of claim 53 or claim 54, wherein the lipid further comprises a polyethylene glycol-conjugated (PEG-conjugated) lipid.

56. The formulation of any one of claims 53-55, wherein the PEG-conjugated lipid comprises 1,2-dimyristoyl-rac-glycero-3-methoxypolyethylene glycol.

57. The formulation of any one of claims 53-56, wherein the lipid further comprises a second lipid and the second lipid comprises a neutral lipid or a zwitterionic lipid.

58. The formulation of claim 57, wherein the second lipid comprises a zwitterionic lipid, and the zwitterionic lipid comprises 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC).

59. The formulation of any one of claims 533-58, wherein the first lipid comprises:

60. A method of inducing an immune response to an immunogen in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an amount of the recombinant RNA molecule of any one of claims 39-52 or the formulation of any one of claims 53-59 effective to induce the immune response.

61. The method of claim 60, wherein the immune response is a protective immune response.

62. The method of claim 60 or claim 61, wherein the subject is a human.

63. A method for preparing a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 39-52, the method comprising mixing an RNA polymerase, triphosphate nucleotides and a template nucleic acid comprising the sequence of the recombinant RNA molecule to obtain a mixture; the mixing is carried out under conditions wherein the RNA polymerase produces the recombinant RNA molecule from the template nucleic acid.

64. A method of preparing the formulation of any one of claims 53-59, the method comprising: a. mixing the recombinant RNA molecule with an aqueous buffer to obtain an aqueous recombinant RNA solution; b. mixing the lipids in an organic solvent to obtain a lipid solution; c. mixing the lipid solution and the recombinant RNA solution using at least a T-mixer, a microfluidic mixer, or an impact jet mixer to obtain a first solution, wherein the first solution comprises the LNPs, wherein at least some of the recombinant RNA molecules are encapsulated in the LNPs; and d. purifying the LNP to obtain at least 80% of the recombinant RNA molecules encapsulated by the LNP.

65. Use of a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 39-52 for the preparation of a medicament for preventing COVID-19.

66. Use of a recombinant RNA molecule as described in any one of claims 39-52 for the preparation of a medicament for reducing the likelihood of at least one symptom of COVID-19.

67. Use of a formulation as described in any one of claims 53-59 for the preparation of a medicament for preventing COVID-19; the use comprising mixing the formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery vehicle.

68. Use of the formulation of any one of claims 53-59 for the manufacture of a medicament for reducing the likelihood of at least one symptom of COVID-19.

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