Metallurgical vessel with discharge device for controlled discharge of liquid metal

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of metallurgical facilities, in particular to the field of metal metallurgical containers. The aim of the invention is to provide a simple design of the discharge device in which solidification of the liquid metal is prevented. This problem is solved by a metallurgical vessel (1) having a discharge device (10) for the controlled discharge of liquid metal in the lower part of the vessel. A partial region of the container wall (3) from the inner side (3a) of the container wall (3) to the outer side (3b) of the container wall (3) has an outflow channel (4) which opens into a discharge channel (11) of the discharge device (10). The lower edge (5) of the outflow channel (4) is located above the inner side (3a) of the container wall (3) at a height (H) of 50 mm to 300 mm, said height being measured by the cut edge of the container wall (3) and the container base (2). The outflow channel (4) extends through the container wall (3) at least in a partial region of the container wall (3) substantially at an angle of 90 DEG to the container wall (3).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of metallurgical facilities, in particular to the field of metal metallurgical containers.

[0002] The metallurgical vessel has a tapping device for controlled tapping of liquid metal located in the lower part of the vessel. The lower part of the vessel consists of a refractory lining with a vessel bottom and a closed vessel wall. Partial areas of the vessel wall from the inside to the outside of the vessel wall have outflow channels.

[0003] The tapping device is configured such that the outflow channel opens into a tapping channel of the tapping device on the outer side of the container wall. If the metallurgical container is in the melting position, the tapping channel initially extends upwards, counter to the direction of gravity, at an absolute angle of 0° to 20° relative to gravity, preferably at an absolute angle of 0° to 5° relative to gravity, to an overflow channel, the overflow channel extending substantially at an angle of 90° relative to gravity, and the overflow channel opens into a tapping hole channel, which extends downwards, substantially in the direction of gravity, at an absolute angle of 0° to 20° relative to gravity, preferably at an absolute angle of 0° to 5° relative to gravity, to a tapping opening. Background Art

[0004] EP 1 181 491 B1 describes a metallurgical vessel having a tapping device for the controlled removal of slag-free liquid metal.

[0005] The discharge device disclosed in this document shows a tendency for the melt to solidify in the channels of the discharge device during process phases in which pauses occur between the melts. In the disclosed discharge device, the channels start at the same height as the bottom of the container, so that the channels are always flooded with liquid steel. As a result, the liquid metal may solidify during process pauses. This solidified metal must then be remelted by newly produced liquid metal at the beginning of a new process phase. This is also assisted by a long oxygen lance inserted into the channel from above. The melting process may last for several hours. In addition, there is a risk that during the first melting process, the liquid metal immediately flows into the channel due to insufficient channel temperature and solidifies again there.

[0006] CN107062900A discloses an electric furnace for producing glass and rock wool. The furnace has an overflow channel from which molten material is discharged. Once the required temperature is reached, additional material is introduced into the furnace through an opening, and the liquid material is discharged through the overflow channel.

[0007] US6596221B1 discloses a discharge device for an electric arc furnace.

[0008] CH665976A5 discloses another embodiment of a device for discharging material in a melting furnace.

[0009] DE 10 2004 050 701 B3 discloses a discharge pipe for a melting container.

[0010] KR1020050010620A discloses an opener for an eccentric sump valve. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a simple structural type of discharge device, in which solidification of the liquid metal in the discharge channel is prevented.

[0012] This object is achieved in that the lower edge of the outflow channel is at a height of 50 mm to 300 mm above the container wall, the height being measured via the cut edge of the inner side of the container wall and the container bottom, wherein the outflow channel extends through the container wall, at least in a partial region of the container wall, essentially at an angle of 90° to the container wall.

[0013] In the context of the present invention, substantially an angle of 90° is understood to include deviations due to tolerances in the brickwork. The deviations are at most plus / minus 5° of the 90° angle.

[0014] The height of the step depends firstly on the size of the container and secondly on the respective process in the metallurgical furnace.

[0015] The step allows liquid metal in the melting stage to enter the outflow channel in a delayed manner, thereby providing a longer stage in which the outflow channel is heated, thus preventing solidification in the outflow channel due to insufficient temperature of the lining in the outflow channel.

[0016] The outflow channel is at an angle of 90° to the container wall at least in a partial region of the container wall, preferably over the entire width of the container wall, since such a step can be produced particularly simply and economically.

[0017] The height of the step is preferably specified so that a defined collection trough for the liquid metal is located below or above the step. The emphasis can be on delaying the entry of the collection trough for the liquid metal into the outflow channel or on completely preventing the entry of slag by completely covering the outflow channel with liquid metal. The height of the lower edge is specified according to the percentage share of the liquid collection trough remaining in the metallurgical melting vessel after discharge as a percentage of the discharge weight of the metallurgical vessel, which can range from 15% to 70%. The height of the lower edge can be selected so that in critical process stages such as process pauses, the liquid metal remaining in the furnace remains completely in the melting vessel and the outflow channel can be completely emptied. In addition to a rectangular cross-section, the outflow channel can also have, for example, an arched cross-section or a circular cross-section. If the lower edge is not a straight line, the height is always understood to be the height at the minimum distance between the cut edge of the container wall and the bottom of the container.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the lower edge and / or the upper edge has a chamfer. The chamfer preferably has a dimension of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 20 mm in the horizontal and vertical direction or has a radius of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 20 mm. An improved inflow into the outflow channel is achieved by the chamfer or the radius.

[0019] The leakage value is increased by the principle of a chamfer or rounded portion of the lower and / or upper edge, thereby increasing the flow rate.

[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, at least one side edge of the outflow channel has a chamfer or a radius. The chamfer preferably has a dimension of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 20 mm in the horizontal and vertical direction or has a radius of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 20 mm. An improved inflow into the outflow channel is achieved by the chamfer.

[0021] As a result of the more uniform inflow of the liquid metal from all sides, the inflow speed of the liquid metal is coordinated with the cross section of the outflow channel. The one-sided wear of the upper edge is reduced and the wear is distributed more evenly to all side sections. As a result, the service life of the outflow channel is extended.

[0022] In a further preferred embodiment, the discharge opening is located above the lower edge of the outer surface of the container bottom. Since the lower edge of the outflow channel is located above the container bottom, it is possible to move the lower edge of the container bottom upwards in the outflow channel area to achieve the same thickness of the refractory lining. This allows the discharge opening to be moved upwards to obtain a shorter length from the discharge hole channel to the discharge opening. The risk of channel blockage is reduced by the shorter length.

[0023] In a suitable embodiment, the burner is arranged concentrically with respect to the discharge channel, wherein the burner has an output power of at least 0.2 MW and at most 1 MW. The concentric arrangement of the burner reduces the wear of the refractory lining in the overflow channel and the discharge channel.

[0024] An advantageous embodiment provides that the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the outflow channel to the diameter of the discharge opening is at least greater than 0.9.

[0025] The hydraulic diameter is calculated by Eq. 1.

[0026]

[0027] d h ...hydraulic diameter

[0028] A…Area

[0029] U…circumference BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The above-mentioned properties, features and advantages of the present invention, and how these are achieved, will be more clearly and more easily understood in conjunction with the following description of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is thus shown that:

[0031] Figure 1-Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a metallurgical vessel with a discharge device is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Figure 1 A metallurgical vessel 1 is shown, wherein the lower part of the vessel has a refractory lining with a vessel bottom 2 and a closed vessel wall 3. A bottom tapping 9 is located in the vessel bottom 2. An outflow channel 4 is located in the vessel wall 3. The lower edge 5 of the outflow channel 4 is at a height H, which is measured from the tangent point of the vessel wall 3 and the vessel bottom 2. Starting from the lower edge 5, the outflow channel extends through the vessel wall 3 substantially at an angle of 90°. The tapping device 10 is configured such that the outflow channel 4 opens into a tapping channel 11 of the tapping device 1 and, if the metallurgical vessel 1 is in the melting position, the tapping channel 11 initially extends upwards counter to the direction of gravity Fg to an overflow channel 12 and then extends downwards in the direction of gravity Fg into a tap hole channel 13 to a tapping opening 14.

[0033] Figure 2 A metallurgical vessel 1 is also shown with an inner side 3a and an outer side 3b of a vessel wall 3. In the preferred embodiment, the lower edge has a chamfer 5a and the upper edge 5d has a chamfer of dimension a. The side wall 5b of the outflow channel 5 also has a chamfer 5c. The chamfers are each provided at the transition of the inner surface 3a of the vessel wall to the outflow channel 4.

[0034] By means of this embodiment, a more uniform inflow of liquid metal from all sides is coordinated particularly satisfactorily. One-sided wear of the upper edge is reduced. Wear is distributed more evenly to all four sides of the outflow channel 5. As a result, the service life of the outflow channel is extended.

[0035] exist Figure 3 In, with Figure 1 On the contrary, the lower edge of the discharge opening 13 is above the lower edge of the container bottom 2b, wherein the lower edge 2b is on the outer surface 2a of the container bottom 2. The lower edge 2b is the lowest point of the container bottom on its outer surface 2a. By this embodiment, the length of the discharge channel 11 from the overflow channel 12 to the discharge opening 14 is shortened.

[0036] Furthermore, in this exemplary embodiment, the burner 15 is located in the center of the discharge channel 11 , which extends from the outflow channel 4 to the overflow channel 12 .

[0037] Figure 4 A top view is shown, which shows Figure 31 shows a view A of a tapping device 10 indicated by an arrow. In addition to a refractory lining 10a, the tapping device 10 also comprises a steel structure 10b. A container wall 3 is shown with an inner side 3a and an outer side 3b and an outflow channel 4 extending from the inner side 3a to the outer side 3b and opening into a tapping channel 11, which also comprises a refractory lining 3c and a steel structure 3d. The tapping channel 11 then extends upwards to an overflow channel 12, which in turn opens into a tapping hole channel 13 having a diameter d.

[0038] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described in more detail by means of preferred exemplary embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed examples and a person skilled in the art will be able to derive other variants therefrom without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals list

[0040] 1 Metallurgical container

[0041] 2 Container bottom

[0042] 2a External surface of the container bottom

[0043] 2b Lower edge of the container bottom

[0044] 3 container wall

[0045] 3a Inside

[0046] 3b Outside

[0047] 3c Refractory lining

[0048] 3d steel structure

[0049] 4 Outflow channel

[0050] 5 Bottom edge

[0051] 5a Chamfer

[0052] 5b Sidewall

[0053] 5c Chamfer of the side wall

[0054] 5d Top Edge

[0055] 9 Bottom discharge section

[0056] 10 Discharging device

[0057] 10a Refractory lining

[0058] 10b Steel Structure

[0059] 11 Discharge channel

[0060] 12 Overflow channel

[0061] 13 Discharge hole channel

[0062] 14 Discharge port

[0063] 15 Burner

[0064] H Height

[0065] A Size

[0066] d Diameter.

Claims

1. A metallurgical vessel (1) having a discharge device (10) for the controlled discharge of liquid metal located in the lower part of the vessel, - wherein the lower part of the container comprises a refractory lining (10a) and a steel structure (3d) having a container bottom (2) and a closed container wall (3), -in, A partial region of the container wall (3) from the inner side (3a) of the container wall (3) to the outer side (3b) of the container wall (3) has an outflow channel (4), - wherein the discharge device (10) is configured so that the outflow channel (4) opens into a discharge channel (11) of the discharge device (10) on the outer side (3b) of the container wall (3), and, if the metallurgical container (1) is in the melting position, the discharge channel (11) initially extends upwards in the opposite direction of the gravity (Fg) at an absolute angle of 0° to 20° relative to the gravity, preferably at an absolute angle of 0° to 5° relative to the gravity, to an overflow channel (12), the overflow channel extending substantially at an angle of 90° relative to the gravity (Fg), and the overflow channel (12) opens into a discharge hole channel (13), the discharge hole channel extending substantially in the direction of the gravity (Fg) at an absolute angle of 0° to 20° relative to the gravity, preferably at an absolute angle of 0° to 5° relative to the gravity, to a discharge opening (14), Characterized in that the lower edge (5) of the outflow channel (4) is located at a height (H) of 50 mm to 300 mm above the inner side (3a) of the container wall (3), the height being measured via the cut edge of the container wall (3) and the container bottom (2), wherein the outflow channel (4) extends through the container wall (3) at least in a partial region of the container wall (3) essentially at an angle of 90° to the container wall (3).

2. A metallurgical vessel (1) with a discharge device (10) according to claim 1, wherein the discharge device is used for controlled discharge of liquid metal, characterized in that: The lower edge (5) and / or the upper edge (5d) on the inner side (3a) of the container wall (3) has a chamfer or a rounded portion; the chamfer preferably has a dimension (a) of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 20 mm in the horizontal and vertical directions, or the rounded portion has a radius of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 20 mm.

3. A metallurgical vessel (1) with a discharge device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge device is used for controlled discharge of liquid metal, characterized in that: At least one side edge (5b) of the outflow channel (4) on the inner side (3a) of the container wall (3) has a chamfer or a rounded portion; the chamfer preferably has a dimension (a) of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 20 mm in the horizontal and vertical directions, or the rounded portion has a radius of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 20 mm.

4. A metallurgical vessel (1) with a discharge device (10) according to claims 1 to 3, for controlled discharge of liquid metal, characterized in that: If the metallurgical vessel (1) is in the melting position, the tapping opening (13) is located above the lower edge (2b) on the outer surface (2a) of the vessel bottom (2).

5. A metallurgical vessel (1) with a discharge device (10) according to claims 1 to 4 for controlled discharge of liquid metal, characterized in that: A burner (15) extends concentrically with respect to the discharge channel (11), wherein the burner has an output power of at least 0.2 MW and at most 1 MW.

6. A metallurgical vessel (1) with a discharge device (10) according to claims 1 to 5 for controlled discharge of liquid metal, characterized in that: The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the outflow channel (4) to the diameter (d) of the discharge port (14) is at least greater than 0.9.

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