Pit digging and sowing integrated agricultural machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a digging and sowing integrated agricultural machine, relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and aims to solve the problem of incomplete subsequent soil covering caused by soil splashing in the digging and sowing process. Comprising a main rack, the front end and the rear end of the main rack are connected with a front support and a rear support respectively, a seeding assembly is arranged on the main rack in a suspended mode, a ditching disc is arranged on the front support, ditching wheels are symmetrically installed below the front side, corresponding to the ditching disc, of the front support, and a backfilling wheel is rotationally installed on the rear side of the rear support; on one hand, the seeding assembly arranged in a suspended mode is matched with the dual-structure design of ditching on the front side and earthing on the rear side, and integrated continuous operation can be completed during crop planting; and on the other hand, the seeding assembly and the ditching assembly which can be flexibly adjusted in a floating manner are matched with uniform and intermittent seeding, so that uniform adjustment of the seeding depth, the seeding interval and the soil covering thickness is realized, and the planting requirements of crops are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to an agricultural machine that integrates digging and sowing. Background Art

[0002] The principle of integrated pit digging and sowing is mainly to realize automated operations through mechanical equipment, linking the two steps of pit digging and sowing to improve planting efficiency.

[0003] Specifically, such machines are usually equipped with special furrow openers and seeders. The furrow openers are responsible for opening furrows or holes in the soil, while the seeders are responsible for accurately placing seeds into these furrows or holes, so as to achieve the effect of digging holes and sowing in one step. However, for the splashing of soil generated after digging holes during the sowing process, the soil cannot be completely covered after digging holes and sowing, which leads to omissions in the subsequent soil covering link, resulting in the situation where the seeds are too shallow or even exposed. For this reason, the present application proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated agricultural machine for digging and sowing, which is used to solve the problem of incomplete subsequent soil covering caused by soil splashing during the digging and sowing process; through a suspended sowing component, combined with a dual structural design of front ditching and rear soil covering, it is possible to complete integrated continuous operation during crop planting; on the other hand, a floating and flexibly adjustable sowing component and ditching component, combined with uniform and intermittent seeding, can achieve unified adjustment of seed sowing depth, sowing interval and soil covering thickness, thereby ensuring the planting needs of crops.

[0005] The objective of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical scheme: a kind of integrated agricultural machine for digging pits and sowing, comprising a main frame, wherein the front and rear ends of the main frame are respectively connected to a front bracket and a rear bracket, a sowing assembly is suspended on the main frame, a furrowing disc is arranged on the front bracket, furrowing wheels are symmetrically installed on the front lower side of the front bracket corresponding to the furrowing disc, and a backfilling wheel is rotatably installed on the rear side of the rear bracket; the sowing assembly comprises a sowing disc and a seed disc connected to each other, the seed disc is rotatably arranged in the sowing disc and a seed box is arranged on the upper side, the lower end of the seed box is connected to a lower seed tube, the lower end of the lower seed tube passes through the seed disc and extends to the inside, a soil-moving wheel and a sowing wheel are staggeredly distributed on the outer ring side of the sowing disc, a sealing shovel is installed in the middle of the soil-moving wheel, and a discharge hole corresponding to the soil-moving wheel and the sowing wheel is opened at the lower end of the inner ring side of the seed disc.

[0006] It is further configured that: a sowing channel is opened inside the seed tray, an infusion hole connected to the lower seed tube is opened on the inner side of the upper end of the seed tray, and the infusion hole, the sowing channel and the discharge hole constitute a uniform intermittent seed discharge channel;

[0007] Sowing process: The seeds are located in the seed box. As the sowing tray rotates continuously, the seeds fall into the seed tray from the infusion hole and further gather in the sowing channel in the seed tray. Finally, they are discharged downward through the discharge holes in sequence. During this process, the seed tray is stationary, and the sowing tray continues to rotate following the moving action until all the seeds are sown.

[0008] It is further configured as follows: a rotating frame is installed on the rear side of the rear bracket toward the front side, and the front end of the rotating frame is connected to the seed plate and is rotatably connected to the sowing plate.

[0009] It is further configured that: mounting seats are symmetrically arranged between the main frames, mounting rods are arranged at the lower ends of the mounting seats, and a wheel frame rotatably connected to the ditching wheel is installed on the mounting rod;

[0010] Among them, in order to ensure that the ditching disc loosens the soil, the ditching of the soil is completed by the ditching wheel at the same time, that is, the purpose of digging a pit is achieved.

[0011] It is further configured as follows: a rotating pin threadedly connected to a fixing hole on a mounting rod is installed on the upper end of the wheel frame, a matching hole is opened near the rotating pin on the wheel frame, and a positioning hole matching with the matching hole is opened on the mounting rod.

[0012] It is further configured as follows: a connecting plate is installed in the middle of both sides of the main frame, a strip-shaped adjustment hole is opened on the connecting plate, and a locking rod seat corresponding to the strip-shaped adjustment hole is installed on the upper end of the mounting seat to control the suspension setting height of the ditching disc.

[0013] It is further configured as follows: the pair of trenching wheels are tilted and the extension lines of the inner ends coincide with the lower end of the trenching disc, and the extension lines of the lower ends of the pair of backfilling wheels also coincide with the lower end of the trenching disc.

[0014] It is further configured as follows: the ground clearance of the soil-moving wheel and the seeding wheel is adjusted by a rotating frame. After the inclination angle of the rotating frame is adjusted, the seed plate fixedly connected to the rotating frame changes its vertical height, that is, the height of the seeding plate changes, and finally the ground clearance of the soil-moving wheel and the seeding wheel on the seeding plate changes.

[0015] It is further configured as follows: a rod body is installed on the front side of the main frame through a sealing frame, the main frame is connected to the front bracket through the rod body, a wheel eyebrow is rotatably installed in the middle of the main frame, and the wheel eyebrow corresponds to a group of suspended soil wheels and seeding wheels.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention aims to solve the problem of incomplete subsequent soil covering caused by soil splashing during the pit digging and sowing process. On the one hand, the suspended sowing component is combined with the dual structural design of front ditching and rear soil covering to achieve integrated continuous operation during crop planting. On the other hand, the floating and flexibly adjustable sowing component and ditching component are combined with uniform and intermittent seeding to achieve unified adjustment of seed sowing depth, sowing interval and soil covering thickness, thereby ensuring the planting needs of crops.

[0018] 2. In the process of unified adjustment of seed sowing depth, sowing interval and soil covering thickness, the current connection position between the front bracket and the rear bracket and the main frame is used to adjust the inclination angle thereof, and finally the suspension setting height of the furrowing disc and the ground clearance of the soil wheel and the seeding wheel are adjusted; specifically, the suspension setting height of the furrowing disc is adjusted: the relative position of the locking rod seat and the strip adjustment hole is adjusted according to the position on the mounting seat and the strip adjustment hole on the connecting plate, so as to realize the setting of the suspension height of the furrowing disc, and the adjustment of the ground clearance of the soil wheel and the seeding wheel is realized by adjusting the inclination angle of the rotating frame. After adjusting the inclination angle of the rotating frame, the seed disc fixedly connected with the rotating frame changes the vertical height, that is, the height of the seeding disc changes, and finally the ground clearance of the soil wheel and the seeding wheel on the seeding disc changes;

[0019] 3. During the process of digging holes and sowing, first connect with the agricultural machinery through the rod body, the operation of the agricultural machinery provides power, and pre-adjust the suspension height of the sowing component and the furrowing component so that the furrowing wheel, the soil wheel and the sowing wheel are all inserted into the soil, and the backfill wheel is in contact with the ground, and the preparation work is completed; when sowing, the furrowing wheel will first complete the cultivation of the sowing hole, and the seeds will flow and be discharged in sequence through the infusion hole, the sowing channel and the discharge hole to complete the sowing, and then the backfill wheel will push all the soil after furrowing into the hole to complete the entire sowing process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the trenching disc of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the sowing assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural disassembly diagram of the sowing assembly of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a rear view of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. main frame; 2. rear bracket; 3. front bracket; 4. seed box; 5. seeding plate; 6. furrowing plate; 7. furrowing wheel; 8. backfilling wheel; 9. soil-moving wheel; 10. seeding wheel; 11. infusion hole; 12. seeding channel; 13. discharge hole; 14. rod body; 15. connecting plate; 16. mounting seat; 17. mounting rod; 18. fixing hole; 19. positioning hole; 20. wheel frame; 21. matching hole; 22. rotating pin; 23. seed tube; 24. seed plate; 25. rotating frame; 26. sealing shovel; 27. wheel eyebrow; 28. sealing frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1: To solve the problem of incomplete soil covering caused by soil splashing during the pit digging and sowing process, the following technical solution is proposed:

[0032] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a digging and sowing integrated agricultural machine includes a main frame 1, a front bracket 3 and a rear bracket 2 are connected to the front and rear ends of the main frame 1 respectively, a sowing assembly is suspended on the main frame 1, a furrowing disc 6 is arranged on the front bracket 3, and furrowing wheels 7 are symmetrically installed below the front side of the front bracket 3 corresponding to the furrowing disc 6, and a backfilling wheel 8 is rotatably installed on the rear side of the rear bracket 2;

[0033] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the sowing assembly includes a sowing disc 5 and a seed disc 24 that are rotatably connected. The seed disc 24 is rotatably arranged in the sowing disc 5 and a seed box 4 is arranged on the upper side. The lower end of the seed box 4 is connected with a lower seed tube 23. The lower end of the lower seed tube 23 passes through the seed disc 24 and extends to the inside. The outer ring side of the sowing disc 5 is staggered with soil-moving wheels 9 and seeding wheels 10. A sealing shovel 26 is installed in the middle of the soil-moving wheel 9. The lower end of the inner ring side of the seed disc 24 is provided with a discharge hole 13 corresponding to the soil-moving wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a sowing channel 12 is provided inside the seed tray 24, and an infusion hole 11 connected to the lower seed tube 23 is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the seed tray 24. The infusion hole 11, the sowing channel 12 and the discharge hole 13 constitute a uniform intermittent seed discharge channel. A rotating frame 25 is installed on the rear side of the rear bracket 2 toward the front side, and the front end of the rotating frame 25 is connected to the seed tray 24 and is rotatably connected to the sowing tray 5. For the sowing process: the seeds are located in the seed box 4, and during the continuous rotation of the sowing tray 5, the seeds fall into the seed tray 24 from the infusion hole 11, and are further gathered in the sowing channel 12 in the seed tray 24, and finally are discharged downward in sequence through the discharge hole 13. During this process, the seed tray 24 is in a stationary state, and the sowing tray 5 continues to rotate following the moving action until all the seeds are sown;

[0035] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a pair of trenching wheels 7 are inclined and the extension line of the inner end coincides with the lower end of the trenching disc 6, and the extension line of the lower end of a pair of backfill wheels 8 also coincides with the lower end of the trenching disc 6, wherein, in order to ensure that the trenching disc 6 completes the loosening of the soil while the trenching wheels 7 complete the trenching of the soil, that is, to achieve the purpose of digging a pit.

[0036] Basic principle: The basic principle of the present invention is similar to that of the existing integrated pit digging and seeding machine, but the difference lies in that: on the one hand, the suspended seeding component, combined with the dual structure design of front ditching and rear soil covering, can achieve integrated continuous operation during crop planting; on the other hand, the floating and flexibly adjustable seeding component and ditching component, combined with uniform and intermittent seeding, can achieve unified adjustment of seed sowing depth, sowing interval and soil covering thickness, thereby ensuring the planting needs of crops;

[0037] It should be noted that: during the process of digging holes and sowing, the rod body 14 is first connected to the agricultural machine, the operation of the agricultural machine provides power, and the suspension height of the sowing assembly and the furrowing assembly is pre-adjusted so that the furrowing wheel 7, the soil wheel 9 and the sowing wheel 10 are all inserted into the soil, and the backfill wheel 8 is attached to the ground, and the preparation work is completed; when sowing, the furrowing wheel 7 first completes the reclamation of the sowing hole, and the seeds flow and discharge in sequence through the infusion hole 11, the sowing channel 12 and the discharge hole 13 to complete the sowing, and then the backfill wheel 8 pushes all the furrowed soil into the hole to complete the entire sowing process;

[0038] The following focuses on the operation of the soil wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10 in this application: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the seeding disc 5 rotates, when the soil-moving wheel 9 contacts the soil after the front furrowing disc 6 and the furrowing wheel 7 complete the furrowing action, the soil-moving wheel 9 completes the effect of moving the soil to the rear side, that is, a "pit" appears, and then the seeding wheel 10 that rotates to the current "pit" position completes the falling guidance of the seeds, and appropriately controls the current operating speed of the agricultural machinery according to the falling speed of the seeds, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform seeding, and thus completes the entire operation of digging pits and sowing.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] This embodiment is further optimized based on the pre-adjustment structure in the first embodiment:

[0041] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, it includes: a mounting seat 16 is symmetrically arranged between the main frames 1, a mounting rod 17 is arranged at the lower end of the mounting seat 16, a wheel frame 20 rotatably connected to the ditching wheel 7 is installed on the mounting rod 17, a rotating pin 22 threadedly connected to the fixing hole 18 on the mounting rod 17 is installed on the upper end of the wheel frame 20, a matching hole 21 is opened near the rotating pin 22 of the wheel frame 20, and a positioning hole 19 matched with the matching hole 21 is opened on the mounting rod 17, a connecting plate 15 is installed in the middle of both sides of the main frame 1, a strip-shaped adjustment hole is opened on the connecting plate 15, and a locking rod seat corresponding to the strip-shaped adjustment hole is installed on the upper end of the mounting seat 16 to control the suspension setting height of the ditching disc 6;

[0042] The ground clearance of the soil-moving wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10 is adjusted by a rotating frame 25. The front side of the main frame 1 is equipped with a rod body 14 through a sealing frame 28. The main frame 1 is connected to the front bracket 3 through the rod body 14. A wheel eyebrow 27 is rotatably installed in the middle of the main frame 1. The wheel eyebrow 27 corresponds to a group of soil-moving wheels 9 and seeding wheels 10 that are suspended.

[0043] In the process of uniformly adjusting the seeding depth, seeding interval and soil thickness, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the current connection positions between the front bracket 3 and the rear bracket 2 and the main frame 1 are adjusted to adjust the inclination angle, and finally the suspension setting height of the furrowing disc 6 and the ground clearance of the soil wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10 are adjusted;

[0044] Specifically, the height of the suspended setting of the furrowing disc 6 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the strip adjustment hole on the mounting seat 16 and the connecting plate 15, and adjusting the relative position of the locking rod seat and the strip adjustment hole to achieve the setting of the suspended height of the furrowing disc 6, and the adjustment of the ground clearance of the soil wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10 is achieved by adjusting the inclination angle of the rotating frame 25. After adjusting the inclination angle of the rotating frame 25, the seed disc 24 fixedly connected with the rotating frame 25 changes the vertical height, that is, the height of the seeding disc 5 changes, and finally the ground clearance of the soil wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10 on the seeding disc 5 changes.

[0045] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is based on the technical contents of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and forms the following pit digging and sowing method: comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: First, connect the rod 14 to the agricultural machine to provide power for the operation of the agricultural machine;

[0047] Step 2: Adjustment of the suspension setting height of the furrowing disc 6: adjust the relative position of the locking rod seat and the strip-shaped adjustment hole by the position on the mounting seat 16 and the strip-shaped adjustment hole on the connecting plate 15 to achieve the setting of the suspension height of the furrowing disc 6, and the adjustment of the ground clearance of the soil wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10: is achieved by adjusting the inclination angle of the rotating frame 25. After adjusting the inclination angle of the rotating frame 25, the seed disc 24 fixedly connected with the rotating frame 25 changes the vertical height, that is, the height of the seeding disc 5 changes, and finally the ground clearance of the soil wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10 on the seeding disc 5 changes;

[0048] Step 3: Insert the trenching wheel 7, the soil-moving wheel 9 and the seeding wheel 10 into the soil, and make the backfill wheel 8 fit the ground, and the preparation work is completed;

[0049] Step 4: When sowing, the trenching wheel 7 first completes the cultivation of the sowing hole, and the seeds flow through the infusion hole 11, the sowing channel 12 and the discharge hole 13 in sequence to complete the sowing, and then the backfill wheel 8 pushes all the soil after the trenching into the hole to complete the entire sowing process.

[0050] In summary: the present invention uses a suspended sowing component, combined with a dual structural design of furrowing at the front and covering soil at the rear, to achieve integrated continuous operation during crop planting; on the other hand, the floating and flexibly adjustable sowing component and furrowing component, combined with uniform and intermittent seeding, can achieve unified adjustment of seed sowing depth, sowing interval and soil covering thickness, thereby ensuring the planting needs of crops.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated agricultural machine for digging and sowing, comprising a main frame (1), characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the main frame (1) are respectively connected to a front support (3) and a rear support (2); a sowing assembly is suspended on the main frame (1); a furrowing disc (6) is arranged on the front support (3); furrowing wheels (7) are symmetrically installed below the front side of the front support (3) corresponding to the furrowing disc (6); and a backfilling wheel (8) is rotatably installed on the rear side of the rear support (2); The sowing assembly comprises a sowing disc (5) and a seed disc (24) which are rotatably connected to each other. The seed disc (24) is rotatably arranged inside the sowing disc (5) and a seed box (4) is arranged on the upper side. The lower end of the seed box (4) is connected to a lower seed tube (23). The lower end of the lower seed tube (23) passes through the seed disc (24) and extends to the inside. The outer ring side of the sowing disc (5) is staggered with soil-moving wheels (9) and seeding wheels (10). A sealing shovel (26) is installed in the middle of the soil-moving wheel (9). The lower end of the inner ring side of the seed disc (24) is provided with a discharge hole (13) corresponding to the soil-moving wheel (9) and the seeding wheel (10).

2. The agricultural machine for digging and sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sowing channel (12) is provided inside the seed tray (24), and an infusion hole (11) connected to a lower seed tube (23) is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the seed tray (24). The infusion hole (11), the sowing channel (12) and the discharge hole (13) form a uniform intermittent seed discharge channel.

3. The agricultural machine for digging and sowing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating frame (25) is installed on the rear side of the rear support (2) toward the front side, and the front end of the rotating frame (25) is connected to the seed plate (24) and is rotatably connected to the sowing plate (5).

4. The agricultural machine for digging and sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting seat (16) is symmetrically arranged between the main frames (1), a mounting rod (17) is arranged at the lower end of the mounting seat (16), and a wheel frame (20) rotatably connected to the ditching wheel (7) is mounted on the mounting rod (17).

5. The agricultural machine for digging and sowing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating pin (22) threadedly connected to a fixing hole (18) on a mounting rod (17) is mounted on the upper end of the wheel frame (20); a matching hole (21) is provided on the wheel frame (20) near the rotating pin (22); and a positioning hole (19) matching with the matching hole (21) is provided on the mounting rod (17).

6. The agricultural machine for digging and sowing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting plate (15) is installed in the middle of both sides of the main frame (1), and a strip-shaped adjustment hole is opened on the connecting plate (15). A locking rod seat corresponding to the strip-shaped adjustment hole is installed at the upper end of the mounting seat (16) to control the suspension setting height of the trenching disc (6).

7. The agricultural machine for digging and sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pair of trenching wheels (7) are arranged obliquely and the extension lines of the inner ends coincide with the lower end of the trenching disc (6), and the extension lines of the lower ends of the pair of backfilling wheels (8) also coincide with the lower end of the trenching disc (6).

8. The agricultural machine for digging and sowing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ground clearance of the soil-moving wheel (9) and the seeding wheel (10) is adjusted by a rotating frame (25).

9. The agricultural machine for digging and sowing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front side of the main frame (1) is provided with a rod body (14) via a sealing frame (28). The main frame (14) is connected to the front bracket (3), and a wheel eyebrow (27) is rotatably mounted on the middle part of the main frame (1). The wheel eyebrow (27) corresponds to a group of suspended soil wheels (9) and seeding wheels (10).

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