A method for soil improvement in edible mushroom cultivation bases

Abstract

This invention provides a method for soil improvement in edible mushroom cultivation bases, relating to the field of edible mushroom technology. The method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Laying peat moss; S2. Spreading biochar; S3. Spreading fermentation liquid; S4. Laying rice straw or wheat straw; S5. Evenly spreading adjuvants; S6. Applying at multiple points. This invention improves soil structure and nutrient distribution through multi-layered organic matter and gradient mineral addition, enhancing aeration and water retention. Simultaneous use of ultraviolet disinfection and biological bacterial liquid effectively kills harmful pathogens while rapidly restoring beneficial microorganisms. Regular spraying of photosynthetic bacteria liquid and biological enzyme liquid maintains a healthy soil ecosystem. Multi-point application of compound bacterial agents activates the soil microenvironment. pH adjustment ensures the soil remains in optimal condition, increasing the yield and quality of edible mushrooms. Biological barriers and triple spraying effectively prevent pests and diseases, reducing the use of chemical pesticides and ensuring environmental safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of edible fungi technology, specifically a method for soil improvement in edible fungi cultivation bases. Background Technology

[0002] Edible fungi refer to large fungi that can be consumed by humans. They are widely distributed in nature and have high nutritional and economic value. They typically grow on various substrates such as soil, trees, and fallen leaves, and there are many different varieties. Edible fungi are rich in protein, vitamins, minerals, and various bioactive substances, such as polysaccharides and polypeptides, and have high nutritional and medicinal value. Common edible fungi include shiitake mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, wood ear mushrooms, and reishi mushrooms.

[0003] Existing soil improvement methods often focus on adding only a single material, such as organic fertilizer or mineral powder. While this method can improve certain soil properties, it struggles to comprehensively enhance the overall soil performance, resulting in limited improvement effects. Current soil sterilization methods typically use chemical agents or high-temperature sterilization. While these methods effectively kill harmful pathogens, they also severely damage beneficial microorganisms. Beneficial microorganisms in the soil are crucial for maintaining a healthy ecosystem; excessive killing of these microorganisms can negatively impact the growth and yield of edible fungi. Current technologies often employ a one-time mixing method when adding minerals and nutrients, leading to uneven nutrient distribution and hindering the growth of edible fungi. Uneven nutrient distribution not only affects yield but can also damage soil structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for improving soil in edible mushroom cultivation bases, which solves the problem of uneven nutrient distribution that affects the growth of edible mushrooms.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a soil improvement method for edible mushroom cultivation bases, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Laying peat moss

[0007] Select a special peat soil that is loose, well-aerated, and well-drained, and spread it evenly on the surface of the planting base to a thickness of 20-30 cm.

[0008] S2. Spread biochar

[0009] Spread 10-15 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of specially prepared peat soil;

[0010] S3. Sprinkle fermentation liquid

[0011] Sprinkle 2-3 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly onto the biochar;

[0012] S4. Laying straw or wheat stalks

[0013] Sprinkle 10-15 kg of rice straw or wheat stalks evenly on the fermentation liquid;

[0014] S5. Evenly distribute the additives.

[0015] Sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder evenly on the straw or wheat stalks, then sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter evenly on the marine mineral powder, and then sprinkle 50-100 grams of nano silica evenly on the plant growth promoter.

[0016] S6 Multi-point Giving

[0017] Using the multi-point application method, evenly spread 2-3 liters of compound microbial agent and 5-10 kg of probiotic fermentation solid substrate on the soil surface. Set up one application point for every 10 square meters, and apply 100-150 grams of compound microbial agent and 300-500 grams of probiotic fermentation solid substrate to each point.

[0018] Preferably, the method further includes disinfecting the soil with an ultraviolet lamp after the material is added, with an irradiation time of 2-3 hours, and immediately spraying 100-150 ml of biological bacterial solution after disinfection to restore the beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

[0019] Preferably, the method further includes spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 1-2 liters of biological enzyme solution every week after soil disinfection and restoration to improve soil oxygen content and organic matter decomposition rate.

[0020] Preferably, the method further includes using a pH meter to test the soil pH every 2-3 days, and gradually adding 50-100 grams of calcium alginate and 100-200 ml of amino acid buffer solution according to the test results to ensure that the pH is adjusted to 5.5-6.5.

[0021] Preferably, the method further includes setting up a biological barrier around the planting base, using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts (such as neem leaves, garlic, and tobacco leaves), with one strip every 5 meters. During the planting process, a triple spray is carried out every 10 days: spraying 100-200 ml of natural plant extract to prevent pests and diseases, spraying 100-150 ml of diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing granules to provide a continuous supply of nitrogen, and spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria liquid to further activate beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

[0022] Preferably, the method further includes setting up earthworm breeding boxes on the improved soil surface, one box per 10 square meters, containing 5-10 kg of earthworm fertilizer, setting up a microbial community cultivation area in the planting base, and regularly spraying it with the remaining compound bacterial agent and biological enzyme solution to maintain a healthy soil ecosystem.

[0023] Preferably, the specially prepared peat soil is soil that has been sterilized at a temperature of 120-140℃, inoculated with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and then supplemented with trace elements of iron, zinc, and manganese.

[0024] This invention provides a method for soil improvement in edible mushroom cultivation bases. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention provides a method for soil improvement in edible mushroom cultivation bases. By layering biochar, vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid, and rice straw or wheat straw, this technology not only increases the organic matter content of the soil but also enhances its porosity and water retention capacity. This multi-layered structure helps maintain soil aeration and moisture balance, providing a favorable environment for edible mushroom growth. The invention employs a gradient addition of marine mineral powder, plant growth promoters, and nano-silica to ensure uniform distribution of nutrients and trace elements in the soil. This helps improve the growth vitality and yield of edible mushrooms while enhancing soil stability and fertilizer retention. By adding compound microbial agents and probiotic fermented solid substrate through multi-point application, this technology effectively activates the soil microenvironment, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms. Each application point forms a localized high-microbial-activity zone, gradually spreading throughout the soil, enhancing soil biological activity and ecosystem health. Immediately after soil disinfection, spraying with biological bacterial liquid rapidly restores beneficial microorganisms in the soil. This combined disinfection and restoration method kills harmful pathogens while minimizing damage to beneficial microorganisms, ensuring microbial balance in the soil. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] This invention provides a method for soil improvement in edible mushroom cultivation bases, specifically including the following steps:

[0029] S1. Laying peat moss

[0030] Select a special peat soil that is loose, well-aerated, and well-drained, and spread it evenly on the surface of the planting base to a thickness of 20 cm.

[0031] S2. Spread biochar

[0032] Spread 10 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of specially prepared peat soil;

[0033] S3. Sprinkle fermentation liquid

[0034] Sprinkle 2 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly onto the biochar;

[0035] S4. Laying straw or wheat stalks

[0036] Sprinkle 10 kg of rice straw or wheat stalks evenly on the fermentation liquid;

[0037] S5. Evenly distribute the additives.

[0038] Sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder evenly on the straw or wheat stalks, then sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter evenly on the marine mineral powder, and then sprinkle 50 grams of nano silica evenly on the plant growth promoter.

[0039] S6 Multi-point Giving

[0040] Using the multi-point application method, 2 liters of compound microbial agent and 5 kilograms of probiotic fermentation solid substrate are evenly spread on the soil surface. One application point is set up for every 10 square meters, and 100 grams of compound microbial agent and 300 grams of probiotic fermentation solid substrate are applied to each point.

[0041] The method also includes disinfecting the soil with a UV lamp for 2 hours after the materials are added, and immediately spraying 100 ml of biological bacterial solution after disinfection to restore beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes spraying 1 liter of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 1 liter of biological enzyme solution every week after soil disinfection and recovery to improve soil oxygen content and the rate of organic matter decomposition.

[0042] The methodology also includes testing the soil pH every two days using a pH meter and gradually adding 50 grams of calcium alginate and 100 ml of amino acid buffer solution to ensure the pH is adjusted to 5.5. The methodology further includes establishing a biological barrier around the planting area using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts (such as neem leaves, garlic, and tobacco leaves), spaced 5 meters apart. During the planting process, a triple spray is applied every 10 days: 100 ml of natural plant extract to prevent pests and diseases, 100 ml of diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing granules to provide a continuous nitrogen supply, and 1 liter of photosynthetic bacteria solution to further activate beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The methodology also includes placing earthworm rearing boxes on the improved soil surface, one per 10 square meters, containing 5 kg of earthworm manure. A microbial community cultivation area is established within the planting area, and the remaining compound bacterial agent and bio-enzyme solution are sprayed regularly to maintain a healthy soil ecosystem. Specially formulated peat soil is soil that has been sterilized at 120°C, inoculated with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and then supplemented with trace elements such as iron, zinc, and manganese.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This invention provides a method for soil improvement in edible mushroom cultivation bases, specifically including the following steps:

[0045] S1. Laying peat moss

[0046] Select a special peat soil that is loose, well-aerated, and well-drained, and spread it evenly on the surface of the planting base to a thickness of 25 cm.

[0047] S2. Spread biochar

[0048] 13 kg of biochar was evenly spread on the first layer of specially prepared peat soil;

[0049] S3. Sprinkle fermentation liquid

[0050] Sprinkle 2 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly onto the biochar;

[0051] S4. Laying straw or wheat stalks

[0052] Sprinkle 13 kg of rice straw or wheat stalks evenly on the fermentation liquid;

[0053] S5. Evenly distribute the additives.

[0054] Sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder evenly on the straw or wheat stalks, then sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter evenly on the marine mineral powder, and then sprinkle 75 grams of nano silica evenly on the plant growth promoter.

[0055] S6 Multi-point Giving

[0056] Using the multi-point application method, 2 liters of compound microbial agent and 7 kilograms of probiotic fermentation solid substrate are evenly spread on the soil surface. One application point is set up for every 10 square meters, and 125 grams of compound microbial agent and 400 grams of probiotic fermentation solid substrate are applied to each point.

[0057] The method also includes disinfecting the soil with a UV lamp for 3 hours after the materials are added, and immediately spraying 125 ml of biological bacterial solution after disinfection to restore beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes spraying 2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 1 liter of biological enzyme solution every week after soil disinfection and recovery to improve soil oxygen content and the rate of organic matter decomposition.

[0058] The methodology also includes testing the soil pH every two days using a pH meter and gradually adding 75 grams of calcium alginate and 125 ml of amino acid buffer solution to ensure the pH is adjusted to 6. The methodology further includes establishing a biological barrier around the planting area using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts (such as neem leaves, garlic, and tobacco leaves), spaced 5 meters apart. During the planting process, a triple spray is applied every 10 days: 125 ml of natural plant extract is sprayed to prevent pests and diseases; 125 ml of diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing granules is sprayed to provide a continuous nitrogen supply; and 1 liter of photosynthetic bacteria solution is sprayed to further activate beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The methodology also includes setting up earthworm rearing boxes on the improved soil surface, one per 10 square meters, containing 6 kg of earthworm manure; and establishing a microbial community cultivation area within the planting area, which is regularly sprayed with remaining compound bacterial agents and bio-enzyme solutions to maintain a healthy soil ecosystem. Specially formulated peat soil is soil that has been sterilized at 130°C, inoculated with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and then supplemented with trace elements such as iron, zinc, and manganese.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] This invention provides a method for soil improvement in edible mushroom cultivation bases, specifically including the following steps:

[0061] S1. Laying peat moss

[0062] Select a special peat soil that is loose, well-aerated, and well-drained, and spread it evenly on the surface of the planting base to a thickness of 20-30 cm.

[0063] S2. Spread biochar

[0064] Spread 15 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of specially prepared peat soil;

[0065] S3. Sprinkle fermentation liquid

[0066] Sprinkle 3 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly onto the biochar;

[0067] S4. Laying straw or wheat stalks

[0068] Sprinkle 15 kg of rice straw or wheat stalks evenly on the fermentation liquid;

[0069] S5. Evenly distribute the additives.

[0070] Sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder evenly on the straw or wheat stalks, then sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter evenly on the marine mineral powder, and then sprinkle 100 grams of nano silica evenly on the plant growth promoter.

[0071] S6 Multi-point Giving

[0072] Using the multi-point application method, 3 liters of compound microbial agent and 10 kilograms of probiotic fermentation solid substrate are evenly spread on the soil surface. One application point is set up for every 10 square meters, and 150 grams of compound microbial agent and 500 grams of probiotic fermentation solid substrate are applied to each point.

[0073] The method also includes disinfecting the soil with a UV lamp for 3 hours after the materials are added, and immediately spraying 150 ml of biological bacterial solution after disinfection to restore beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The method also includes spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 2 liters of biological enzyme solution every week after soil disinfection and recovery to improve soil oxygen content and the rate of organic matter decomposition.

[0074] The methodology also includes testing the soil pH every 3 days using a pH meter, and gradually adding 100 grams of calcium alginate and 200 ml of amino acid buffer solution based on the test results to ensure the pH is adjusted to 6.5. The methodology also includes setting up a biological barrier around the planting area using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts (such as neem leaves, garlic, and tobacco leaves), spaced 5 meters apart. During the planting process, a triple spray is applied every 10 days: 200 ml of natural plant extract is sprayed to prevent pests and diseases; 150 ml of diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing granules is sprayed to provide a continuous nitrogen supply; and 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution is sprayed to further activate beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The methodology also includes setting up earthworm rearing boxes on the improved soil surface, one per 10 square meters, containing 10 kg of earthworm manure; and establishing a microbial community cultivation area within the planting area, regularly spraying with remaining compound bacterial agents and bio-enzyme solutions to maintain a healthy soil ecosystem. Specially formulated peat soil is soil that has been sterilized at 140℃, inoculated with beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and then supplemented with trace elements such as iron, zinc, and manganese.

[0075] This invention, through the layered addition of biochar, vegetable or fruit fermentation broth, and rice or wheat straw, not only increases the organic matter content of the soil but also enhances its porosity and water retention capacity. This multi-layered structure helps maintain soil aeration and moisture balance, providing a favorable environment for edible fungi growth. The technology employs a gradient addition of marine mineral powder, plant growth promoters, and nano-silica to ensure even distribution of nutrients and trace elements in the soil. This contributes to improved growth vitality and yield of edible fungi, while simultaneously enhancing soil stability and fertilizer retention capacity.

[0076] This invention utilizes a multi-point application method to add compound microbial agents and probiotic fermentation solid substrate. This technology effectively activates the soil microenvironment, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms. A localized high-microbial-activity zone forms around each application point, gradually spreading throughout the soil and enhancing soil biological activity and ecosystem health. Spraying the biological bacterial solution immediately after soil disinfection rapidly restores beneficial microorganisms in the soil. This combined disinfection and restoration method kills harmful pathogens while minimizing damage to beneficial microorganisms, ensuring a microbial balance in the soil.

[0077] This invention involves spraying photosynthetic bacteria solution and bio-enzyme solution every week to improve soil oxygen content and the rate of organic matter decomposition. This helps maintain the health of the soil ecosystem and supports the continuous growth of edible fungi. By adjusting the soil pH, this technology ensures that the soil remains within a suitable acid-base range. This fine-tuning method helps optimize the growth environment for edible fungi, improving yield and quality. Establishing a biological barrier around the planting base and implementing triple spraying (natural plant extracts, diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing particles, and photosynthetic bacteria solution) effectively prevents pests and diseases. These measures are not only environmentally friendly but also reduce the use of chemical pesticides, improving the safety and market competitiveness of edible fungi. By setting up earthworm rearing boxes and microbial community cultivation areas in the soil surface, this technology enables the soil ecosystem to self-sustain. The continuous activity of earthworms and beneficial microorganisms helps decompose organic matter, improves soil structure, and provides a continuous supply of nutrients.

[0078] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for soil improvement in an edible mushroom cultivation base, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Laying peat moss Select a special peat soil that is loose, well-aerated, and well-drained, and spread it evenly on the surface of the planting base to a thickness of 20-30 cm. S2. Spread biochar Spread 10-15 kg of biochar evenly on the first layer of specially prepared peat soil; S3. Sprinkle fermentation liquid Sprinkle 2-3 liters of vegetable or fruit fermentation liquid evenly onto the biochar; S4. Laying straw or wheat stalks Sprinkle 10-15 kg of rice straw or wheat stalks evenly on the fermentation liquid; S5. Evenly distribute the additives. Sprinkle 500 grams of marine mineral powder evenly on the straw or wheat stalks, then sprinkle 100 grams of plant growth promoter evenly on the marine mineral powder, and then sprinkle 50-100 grams of nano silica evenly on the plant growth promoter. S6 Multi-point Giving Using the multi-point application method, evenly spread 2-3 liters of compound microbial agent and 5-10 kg of probiotic fermentation solid substrate on the soil surface, set up one application point for every 10 square meters, and sprinkle 100-150 grams of compound microbial agent and 300-500 grams of probiotic fermentation solid substrate at each point. The method also includes disinfecting the soil with an ultraviolet lamp after the materials are added, with an irradiation time of 2-3 hours, and immediately spraying 100-150 ml of biological bacterial solution after disinfection to restore the beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

2. The method for soil improvement in an edible fungus cultivation base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution and 1-2 liters of biological enzyme solution every week after soil disinfection and restoration to improve soil oxygen content and organic matter decomposition rate.

3. The method for soil improvement in an edible fungus cultivation base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes using a pH meter to test the soil pH every 2-3 days, and gradually adding 50-100 grams of calcium alginate and 100-200 ml of amino acid buffer solution according to the test results to ensure that the pH is adjusted to 5.5-6.

5.

4. The method for soil improvement in an edible fungus cultivation base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes setting up a biological barrier around the planting base, using cotton strips soaked in natural plant extracts, with one strip every 5 meters, and spraying a triple spray every 10 days during the planting process: spraying 100-200 ml of natural plant extract to prevent pests and diseases, spraying 100-150 ml of diluted microbial nitrogen-fixing granules to provide a continuous supply of nitrogen, and spraying 1-2 liters of photosynthetic bacteria liquid.

5. The method for soil improvement in an edible fungus cultivation base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes setting up earthworm breeding boxes on the improved soil surface, one box per 10 square meters, containing 5-10 kg of earthworm fertilizer, setting up a microbial community cultivation area in the planting base, and regularly spraying it with the remaining compound bacterial agent and biological enzyme solution.

6. The method for soil improvement in an edible fungus cultivation base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specially prepared peat soil is soil that has been sterilized at a temperature of 120-140℃, inoculated with beneficial microorganisms, and then supplemented with trace elements of iron, zinc, and manganese.