A method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus, belonging to the technical field of mushroom cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: (1) Search for the spots where wild Termitomyces albuminosus has grown or the areas where cultivating termites are active within the areas with an altitude not exceeding 2500 m and suitable for the living of cultivating termites, and determine the areas within a range of 0.5 - 3 m centered on the emergence points of wild Termitomyces albuminosus or within the areas where cultivating termites are active as the cultivation points; (2) According to the soil thickness, dig several pits at the cultivation points; put the materials that cultivating termites like to feed on into the pits; then cover the range where the pits are distributed with agricultural and forestry wastes, stack them into food piles, cover them, and manage the food piles and the soil around the cultivation points. The method of the present invention solves the problems that the existing methods for promoting the propagation of wild Termitomyces albuminosus cannot fully cover all the habitats of Termitomyces albuminosus and are prone to cause soil erosion, complex inoculation procedures, etc., and can also promote soil and water conservation while significantly increasing the yield of wild Termitomyces albuminosus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus. Background Art

[0002] Termitomyces albuminosus ( Termitomyces spp.) is a general term for the genus Termitomyces. Different species have different local names, such as Sanba mushroom, Umbrella handle mushroom, Santaji mushroom, Solitary Termitomyces albuminosus, Fighting chicken mushroom, Chicken meat mushroom, Termitomyces albuminosus flower, etc. In taxonomy, Termitomyces albuminosus belongs to the kingdom Fungi, phylum Basidiomycota, class Agaricomycetes, family Lyophyllaceae, and genus Termitomyces Termitomyces , and the whole genus forms a symbiotic relationship with the species of the subfamily Macrotermitinae (Insecta, Isoptera, Termitidae). Therefore, Termitomyces albuminosus is also called "Termite Mushroom", and the termites symbiotic with it are also called "Fungi growing Termite".

[0003] Termitomyces albuminosus is a traditional typical wild edible fungus in China. The umami peptides it contains make its flavor excellent. Its polysaccharide content averages 26.07%, and there are also various phenolic active substances, which have certain antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antitumor, liver protection, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering and other functions, and also have the potential to treat degenerative diseases. Termitomyces albuminosus has rich nutrition, delicious taste and unique medicinal value, and has great market development value.

[0004] Due to the symbiosis between Termitomyces albuminosus and fungi-growing termites, it is currently impossible to fully achieve artificial cultivation. The Termitomyces albuminosus currently on the market all comes from wild picking. Given that its distribution and yield are significantly affected by natural factors such as geographical environment and rainfall, the price of this fungus has been at a high level for a long time. In addition, due to long-term human activities, such as agricultural production, grazing, tree felling, infrastructure construction and other factors, the yield of wild Termitomyces albuminosus has decreased, and affected by climate factors, the annual yield of wild Termitomyces albuminosus is unstable. And the existing technical solutions for artificial cultivation or yield increase of Termitomyces albuminosus are too complex, increasing the difficulty of practical operation, and the material transportation cost is much higher than the cost of the materials themselves.

[0005] Chinese patent CN118202904A discloses a method for promoting the growth and increasing the yield of wild termites using Alpha colostrum. In areas with an altitude of 1500-2300m and a rainfall of 700mm-1200mm, except for the north slope, a wild Alpha colostrum pond is searched and a growth promotion location is determined; the surface vegetation around the growth promotion location is cut, and the cut vegetation is dried and piled up on the spot as ant food; dead wood and cow dung are collected and processed as ant food; wood decay fungi are prepared according to the type of dead wood; Dig a pit for ant food at the place where the growth is promoted. After the bottom of the pit is dug loose and leveled, the collected dead wood is sawed and piled in the pit; drill more than two holes on each broken wood, and inject the wood-decaying fungus species corresponding to the dead wood into the holes according to the type of dead wood, and block the holes with film to inoculate the wood-decaying fungi. Place dried cow dung at both ends of the ant food pile pit; after the inoculation is completed, cover the ant food pile pit with a layer of plastic film, and then cover the plastic film with soil to complete the construction of the ant food pile, and then manage the ant food pile. Although this method can promote the growth of Alpinia solani and increase the yield, it has the following problems:

[0006] (1) This method requires finding growth promotion sites in areas with an altitude of 1500-2300 m and a rainfall of 700 mm-1200 mm. The growth promotion sites of wild Altissima colchicum ponds cannot completely cover all habitats of Altissima colchicum. In addition, in areas where Altissima colchicum grows less, Altissima colchicum ponds are difficult to find. Therefore, the practical application scope of this method is relatively narrow.

[0007] (2) This method also requires cutting of surface vegetation within a radius of 10 m, which is prone to cause soil erosion in areas with abundant rainfall;

[0008] (3) This method requires collecting Coriolus versicolor from the wild, preparing wood-rotting fungus strains, and inoculating them. There is a lot of preliminary preparation work, the preparation of strains requires professional equipment, and the inoculation process is complicated, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion;

[0009] (4) This method requires digging a 300 cm × 80 cm × 50 cm pile pit, which consumes a lot of manpower. In addition, the collected dead wood needs to be sawn into pieces of 0.5 to 2 m in length, so its application range for pile construction is relatively narrow.

[0010] Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methods to break through the existing limitations of artificial production and cultivation technology of wild Alternaria albuminosa and achieve a significant increase in the yield of wild Alternaria albuminosa.

[0011] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0012] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus, which solves the problems that the existing cultivation of wild Termitomyces albuminosus cannot fully cover all habitats of Termitomyces albuminosus and is prone to soil erosion and complex inoculation procedures. While significantly increasing the yield of wild Termitomyces albuminosus, it can promote soil and water conservation, strengthen ecological protection, and is simple to operate and easy to implement.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus, which comprises the following steps:

[0014] (1) Search for the points where wild Termitomyces albuminosus has grown or the areas where cultivating termites are active within the areas not exceeding 2500 m above sea level and suitable for the living of cultivating termites. The range within 0.5 - 3 m centered on the emergence point of wild Termitomyces albuminosus or the area where cultivating termites are active is determined as the cultivation point, which is respectively denoted as the A-type cultivation point and the B-type cultivation point;

[0015] (2) According to the soil thickness, several holes with a diameter of 8 - 15 cm and a depth of 20 - 80 cm are drilled at the cultivation point, and the distance between the holes is 0.5 - 1 m; materials preferred by cultivating termites are placed in the holes;

[0016] (3) The collected agricultural and forestry waste is covered over the range where the holes are distributed, stacked into a food pile with a height of 30 - 100 cm, completely covered with a film on the top, and compacted with soil around;

[0017] (4) Manage the food pile and the soil around the cultivation point: control the moisture of the food pile and the soil moisture content within a range of 10 m around the cultivation point; keep the moisture content of the food pile at 40 - 75%; avoid the soil within 10 m around the cultivation point from cracking, and keep the soil humidity between 60 - 80%.

[0018] Among them, in step (3), the agricultural and forestry waste includes any one or more of straw, rice husk, waste matrix of edible fungi, scraps, firewood, bark, peanut shells, various branch woods, roll skins, wood shavings, withered leaves and dry weeds.

[0019] Preferably, in step (2), the materials preferred by cultivating termites include any one or more of artificially made termite baits, naturally brown-rotted pine woods, naturally dried fern leaves and composted Cinnamomum camphora withered leaves.

[0020] More preferably, the artificially made termite bait is selected from the waste matrix of dried shiitake mushrooms or ganoderma lucidum.

[0021] Preferably, in step (2), 6 - 15 holes with a diameter of 8 - 15 cm and a depth of 20 - 80 cm are drilled at the cultivation point.

[0022] Preferably, in step (3), the agricultural and forestry waste is dried by drying or sun drying, and the materials are baled manually or by a baler.

[0023] Preferably, in step (3), the agricultural and forestry waste with a length exceeding the range of the pit distribution is truncated.

[0024] Preferably, in step (2), the pit distribution of the A-type nurturing points is rectangular, annular, fan-shaped or radial; the pit distribution of the B-type nurturing points is rectangular or fan-shaped.

[0025] Preferably, in step (2), the nurturing points are dug with pits at an interval of 0.5 m.

[0026] Preferably, in step (3), the height of the food pile is 50 cm.

[0027] Preferably, in step (4), the food pile and the soil around the nurturing points are managed, including: checking the soil conditions in the area within 10 m around the food pile and the nurturing points every 15 days, including: the termite feeding situation; the subsidence, moisture, temperature and weed conditions of the food pile; and the soil moisture content in the area within 10 m around the nurturing points; among them, the food pile that has subsided by more than 15 cm after termite feeding should be replenished; for the food pile lacking moisture, moisture should be replenished to keep the moisture content of the food pile at 40-75%; for the area with high temperature, the covered film should be perforated or uncovered; the weeds should be manually removed, and large animals should not be grazed.

[0028] Preferably, in step (3), the food pile is completely covered with black plastic film or weed-proof cloth.

[0029] Preferably, in step (3), the food pile is fixed and compacted by pressing with heavy objects or by the method of using ground nails and ropes.

[0030] Preferably, in step (1), it is determined that there are wild Termitomyces albuminosus growing in the nurturing points in the recent 1-2 years, or the areas where the activity traces of the termite workers for culturing fungi can be seen recently.

[0031] The method for nurturing wild Termitomyces albuminosus of the present invention solves the problems that the existing promotion and propagation of wild Termitomyces albuminosus cannot fully cover all habitats of Termitomyces albuminosus and is prone to cause soil erosion, complex inoculation procedures, etc., and has the following advantages:

[0032] (1) The method of the present invention is adapted to local conditions, using easily obtainable agricultural and forestry waste to artificially cultivate wild Termitomyces albuminosus with agricultural and forestry waste. By means of drilling, the operation method is simple and convenient to implement in the wild. It is also applicable to complex terrains (such as hills), promoting the expansion of the termite community for cultivating fungi, increasing the volume of termite nests for cultivating fungi, and increasing the number of satellite nests, achieving the purpose of improving the occurrence times, occurrence quantity, occurrence interval and increasing the yield of wild Termitomyces albuminosus. At the same time, the harmless treatment of local agricultural and forestry waste is realized, not only promoting the leap of wild Termitomyces albuminosus yield, but also showing a positive role in promoting soil and water conservation, strengthening ecological protection, and promoting green sustainable development;

[0033] (2) In the research of the present invention, it is found that controlling the moisture content of the food pile between 40% and 75% is suitable for the natural fermentation of fungi and produces an odor that attracts termites, thereby increasing the number of termites in this area. On the other hand, the moisture content in the food pile is also conducive to the decay of the food pile, increasing the food intake of termites and attracting more termites to move in this area. Controlling the humidity around the cultivation point can ensure the stability of the overall environment of the cultivation point, which is beneficial to the fruiting of Termitomyces albuminosus;

[0034] (3) The method of the present invention can be applied to environments with an altitude not exceeding 2500 m. For low-altitude environments, the method of the present invention can still be used to cultivate wild Termitomyces albuminosus, and it can also improve the occurrence times, occurrence quantity, occurrence interval and increase the yield of wild Termitomyces albuminosus. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of cultivation points and holes in the method of the present invention; in the figure, a: Type A promotion point, the holes are arranged in a ring; b: Type A promotion point, the holes are arranged radially; c: Type A promotion point, the holes are arranged in a fan shape; d: Type A promotion point, the holes are arranged in a rectangle; e: Type B promotion point, the holes are arranged in a rectangle; f: Type B promotion point, the holes are arranged in an annular fan shape; 1: indicates the point where Termitomyces albuminosus or termites for cultivating fungi are found. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that for those without specific conditions noted in the examples, they shall be carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. For reagents or instruments without the manufacturer noted, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0039] In the present invention, all features defined in the form of numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations, are only for the sake of brevity and convenience. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be regarded as having covered and specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values within the range (including integers and fractions).

[0040] The features mentioned in the present invention can be combined arbitrarily as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these features, and all possible combinations should be considered as within the scope described in this specification. Each feature disclosed in the specification can be replaced by any alternative feature that can provide the same, equivalent, or similar purpose. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the disclosed features are only general examples of equivalent or similar features.

[0041] A method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus provided by the present invention is as follows. Refer to Figure 1 , and this method includes:

[0042] Search for the spots where wild Termitomyces albuminosus has grown or the areas where cultivating termites are active within the area with an altitude not exceeding 2500 m and suitable for the living of cultivating termites, and determine the cultivation points within the range of 0.5 - 3 m centered on the emergence point of wild Termitomyces albuminosus (Type A) or in the area where cultivating termites are active (Type B); according to the soil thickness, dig several holes with a diameter of 8 - 15 cm and a depth of 20 - 80 cm at the cultivation points, with a hole spacing of 0.5 - 1 m; put the materials that cultivating termites like to feed on into the holes; then cover the range where the holes are distributed with the collected agricultural and forestry waste, stack it into a food pile with a height of 30 - 100 cm, completely cover the top with a film, and compact the surrounding with soil, and manage the food pile and the surrounding area of the cultivation points regularly or irregularly. Among them, control the moisture of the food pile and the soil moisture content within a range of 10 m around the cultivation point; keep the moisture content of the food pile at 40 - 75%; avoid the soil within a range of 10 m around the cultivation point from cracking, and keep the soil humidity between 60 - 80%.

[0043] The method of the present invention is adapted to local conditions, using easily available agricultural and forestry waste to artificially cultivate wild Termitomyces albuminosus with agricultural and forestry waste. In the method of the present invention, it is necessary to control the moisture content of the food pile. If the moisture content is too high, the food pile is prone to anaerobic fermentation, resulting in an increase in the bacterial content in the food pile. The present invention found in the research that controlling the moisture content of the food pile between 40% and 75% is suitable for the fermentation of fungi under natural conditions and produces an odor that attracts termites, thereby increasing the number of termites in this area. On the other hand, the moisture content in the food pile is also beneficial to the decay of the food pile, increasing the food intake of termites and attracting more termites to move in this area. Controlling the humidity around the cultivation point can ensure the stability of the overall environment of the cultivation point and is beneficial to the fruiting of Termitomyces albuminosus. The method of the present invention plays a role in promoting the expansion of the termite community for cultivating fungi, increasing the volume of the termite nest for cultivating fungi, and increasing the number of satellite nests through a simple operation method, achieving the improvement of the occurrence times, occurrence quantity, occurrence interval of wild Termitomyces albuminosus and the increase in yield.

[0044] Further, determine an area where wild Termitomyces albuminosus has grown in the past 1 to 2 years or where the activity traces of termite workers for cultivating fungi can be seen recently.

[0045] Further, dig 6 to 15 holes at the cultivation point with a diameter of 8 to 15 cm and a depth of 20 to 80 cm, and the spacing between the holes is 0.5 to 1 m.

[0046] Further, dig holes at the cultivation point at an interval of 0.5 m. Within the range of Type A cultivation points, the holes are distributed in a rectangular, circular, fan-shaped, or radial pattern. Within the range of Type B cultivation points, the holes are distributed in a rectangular or fan-shaped pattern. See Figure 2 。

[0047] Further, put materials that termites for cultivating fungi like to eat into the holes, including but not limited to: artificially made termite baits, naturally brown-rotted pinewood, naturally dried fern leaves and stems, and composted camphor tree leaves after stacking.

[0048] Further, the artificially made termite bait is selected from waste substrates of edible fungi such as dried shiitake mushrooms or ganoderma lucidum. The present invention found in the research that using waste substrates of edible fungi such as dried shiitake mushrooms or ganoderma lucidum as termite baits can significantly increase the number of termite activities in the cultivation point area.

[0049] Furthermore, agricultural and forestry waste includes, but is not limited to: straw, rice husks, waste substrates of edible fungi, offcuts, firewood, bark, peanut shells, various branches, rolls of bark, wood shavings, withered leaves, dry weeds, etc. According to the actual situation in each region, the most easily obtainable agricultural and forestry waste is selected as the material for composting, and if conditions permit, the material can be pretreated in advance. If agricultural and forestry waste is not properly treated, it will not only cause environmental pollution but also waste precious resources. Therefore, the present invention uses agricultural and forestry waste for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus, converting these agricultural residues into useful resources, which has important practical significance.

[0050] Furthermore, the agricultural and forestry waste is dried by drying or sun-drying, and the material is baled manually or by a baling machine.

[0051] Furthermore, the agricultural and forestry waste with a length exceeding the range of the pits at the cultivation points is appropriately cut off.

[0052] Furthermore, the collected agricultural and forestry waste is piled up within the range of the pit distribution to form a food pile, and the height of the food pile is 50 cm.

[0053] Furthermore, the food pile is completely covered with black plastic film or ground cloth for preventing weeds.

[0054] Furthermore, the food pile is fixed and compacted by pressing with heavy objects or by the method of using ground nails and ropes.

[0055] Furthermore, in step (4), the food pile and the soil around the cultivation points are managed, including: checking the soil conditions of the food pile and the area within 10 m around the cultivation points every 15 days, including: the feeding situation of termites; the subsidence, moisture, temperature and weed conditions of the food pile; and the soil moisture content within the range of 10 m around the cultivation points; among them, the food pile that has subsided by more than 15 cm after being fed by termites needs to be replenished; for the food pile lacking moisture, moisture needs to be replenished to keep the moisture content of the food pile at 40 - 75%; avoid the soil within 10 m around the cultivation points from cracking, and keep the soil humidity between 60 - 80%; for the area with high temperature, punch holes or uncover the covered film; manually pull out the weeds and do not graze large animals.

[0056] The following elaborates in detail on a method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus provided by the present invention through Examples 1 - 4.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] Locate point 1 where wild Termitomyces albuminosus emerges, which is located around Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, at an altitude of 495 m, in an artificial forest land. For three consecutive years, no artificial intervention measures were taken except for collecting Termitomyces albuminosus. Through investigation, Termitomyces albuminosus has been produced at this point every year in the past three years. The production months are usually from July to September. The average annual production quantity is stable at 5, the production time interval is usually more than 15 days, and the maximum production times in a year are 3. The average annual total output does not exceed 750 g.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Locate point 2 where wild Termitomyces albuminosus emerges, which is located around Dazhou City, Sichuan Province, at an altitude of 318 m, in agricultural land. No treatment was done in the first year. According to statistics, the earliest mushroom emergence time of wild Termitomyces albuminosus in that year was in early June, the latest was in September, the total production times were 3, the shortest interval was 15 days for each production, the total output was 700 g, and the production quantity was 6. In the second year, no wild Termitomyces albuminosus was observed to emerge for a long time. In October of that year, artificial cultivation was carried out. The specific cultivation methods are as follows:

[0061] This point is a type A cultivation point. The cultivation point is determined at a position 1.5 m centered on the emergence point of Termitomyces albuminosus; after detection, the soil thickness exceeds 1 m and the terrain is relatively flat. Since the mushroom emergence point is at the edge of the plot, according to Figure 2 the method shown in c of, 12 holes with a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 80 cm are drilled at the cultivation point, and the hole spacing is 0.5 m; the prepared natural brown decayed pine logs with a length of 1 m are placed in the holes; then the nearby dry corn straw is collected and covered in the range where the holes are distributed, and stacked into a food pile with a height of 30 cm. The upper part is completely covered with a film, and the surrounding is covered with soil tightly. The food pile is managed regularly or irregularly. The main inspection is the situation of the food pile subsidence. For the food pile that sinks more than 15 cm after being eaten by termites, it needs to be supplemented. For the food pile lacking moisture, moisture needs to be supplemented to keep the moisture content of the food pile between 40% and 75%, and the area within 10 meters around the cultivation point where the food pile is not covered is moisturized, and the soil humidity is kept at the level where the soil does not crack, and the soil humidity is between 60% and 80%.

[0062] 15 days after the food pile was built at the cultivation point, 5 were produced. Subsequently, it was produced once every 1 - 2 days, with a total of 5 production times. 11 were produced in that year, and the total output was 1500 g. In the third year, on the basis of the second year, management was carried out. The food pile was supplemented with dry corn straw and corn cobs collected nearby to keep the height of the food pile not less than 30 cm. The earliest mushroom emergence time in that year was in late May, with a total of 8 batches and 21 produced, among which the maximum production in one time was 6, the shortest production interval was 1 day, and the total output was 2800 g.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] Locate the point 3 where wild Termitomyces albuminosus emerges, in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, at an altitude of 1738 m, in a natural pine forest. No treatment was done in the first year. After statistics, the earliest fruiting time of wild Termitomyces albuminosus that year was in mid-May, the yield was 400 g, the total number of fruiting times was 2, the shortest interval between fruiting was 28 days, and the number of mushrooms produced that year was 3. In the second year, artificial cultivation was carried out, and the specific methods are as follows:

[0065] This point is a type-A cultivation point. The cultivation point is determined at a distance of 0.5 m from the emergence point of Termitomyces albuminosus. After detection, the soil thickness exceeds 1 m, but the slope is relatively large. According to Figure 2 the method shown in d of, dig 6 holes with a diameter of 15 cm and a depth of 50 cm at the cultivation point, with a hole spacing of 0.5 m; put the pre-prepared natural brown rotten pine logs with a length of 80 cm in the holes; then collect the nearby pine tree branches and dry pine needles and cover the area where the holes are distributed, stack them into a food pile with a height of 60 cm, completely cover the top with a plastic film, and compact the surrounding with soil. Manage the food pile regularly or irregularly, mainly check the decline of the food pile. For the food pile that sinks more than 15 cm after being eaten by termites, replenish it. For the food pile lacking moisture, replenish moisture to keep the moisture content of the food pile at 40 - 75%, and conduct moisture preservation treatment on the area within 10 m around the cultivation point where the food pile is not covered, and keep the soil humidity at a level where the soil does not crack, and the soil humidity is between 60 - 80%.

[0066] Fruiting started in mid-May in the year when the food pile was built. The total number of fruiting times was 5, the shortest interval between fruiting was 2 days, 9 mushrooms were produced that year, and the total yield was 1200 g. In the second year after building the pile, based on the previous year, continuous management was carried out, and the height of the food pile was increased to 80 cm. By adding nearby dry corn straws, waste substrates of edible fungi, and pine tree branches, etc., the earliest fruiting time was advanced to early May. The total number of fruiting times was 6, the shortest interval between fruiting was 2 days, 15 mushrooms were produced that year, and the total yield was 1800 g.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] Locate the point 4 where cultivating termites are active, near Chengdu, Sichuan Province, at an altitude of 506 m, in the forest land next to the cultivated land. Through investigation, wild Termitomyces albuminosus was collected 3 times near this point last year. The earliest collection time was in mid-July, the shortest interval between collections was 16 days, a total of 7 mushrooms were collected, and the total yield was 800 g. In the first year, artificial cultivation was carried out, and the specific methods are as follows:

[0069] This point is a type-B cultivation point. The cultivation point is the center point of the activity of cultivating termites. After detection, the surrounding soil thickness is less than 80 cm and is relatively flat. According to Figure 2In the method shown in e, 15 holes with a diameter of 8 cm and a depth of 20 cm are drilled at the nurturing points, and the spacing between the holes is 1 m; the pre-prepared termite-attracting logs are placed in the holes, and the length of each log is 30 cm; then the dry crop straws nearby are collected and covered over the area where the holes are distributed to form a food pile with a height of 1 m, which is completely covered with a film on the top and compacted with soil around. The food pile is managed regularly or irregularly, mainly checking the situation of the food pile's decline. For the food piles that have sunk more than 15 cm after being fed by termites, supplements should be made. For the food piles lacking moisture, moisture should be supplemented to keep the moisture content of the food pile between 40% and 75%, and the area within 10 m around the nurturing point where the food pile is not covered should be moisturized, and the soil humidity should be maintained at a level where the soil does not crack, and the soil humidity is between 60% and 80%.

[0070] In early July of the year when the food pile was built, Termitomyces albuminosus began to be produced. The total number of production times in that year was 5 times, and the shortest interval was once every 2 days. 16 mushrooms were produced in that year, and the total output was 1700 g. In the second year, on the basis of the first year, when the food pile dropped by 20 cm, by adding dry branches and corn straws collected nearby, etc., to maintain the height of the food pile unchanged, the production time in that year was advanced to mid-June, with a total of 8 production times, and the shortest interval was once every 1 day. 27 mushrooms were produced in that year, and the total output was 3300 g.

[0071] Table 1 shows the comparison before and after nurturing in Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention

[0072]

[0073] Although the content of the present invention has been introduced in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be recognized that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After those skilled in the art have read the above content, various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will be obvious. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) Search for the positions where wild Termitomyces albuminosus has grown or the areas where termite fungus farmers are active within the areas with an altitude not exceeding 2,500 m and suitable for the life of termite fungus farmers. Take the range within 0.5 - 3 m centered on the emergence point of wild Termitomyces albuminosus or the area where termite fungus farmers are active as the nurturing points, which are respectively denoted as Type A nurturing points and Type B nurturing points; (2) According to the soil thickness situation, dig a number of holes with a diameter of 8 - 15 cm and a depth of 20 - 80 cm at the nurturing points, with a hole spacing of 0.5 - 1 m; put the materials that termite fungus farmers like to feed on into the holes; (3) Cover the range where the holes are distributed with the collected agricultural and forestry waste, stack it into a food pile with a height of 30 - 100 cm, completely cover the upper part with a film, and compact the surrounding with soil; (4) Manage the food pile and the soil around the nurturing points: control the moisture of the food pile and the soil moisture content within a range of 10 m around the nurturing points; keep the moisture content of the food pile at 40 - 75%; avoid the soil within a range of 10 m around the nurturing points from cracking, and keep the soil humidity between 60 - 80%; Among them, in step (3), the agricultural and forestry waste includes any one or more of the following: straw, rice husk, waste matrix of edible fungi, offcuts, firewood, bark, peanut shell, various branch firewoods, rolled bark, wood shavings, withered branches and leaves, and dry weeds.

2. The method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the materials that termite fungus farmers like to feed on include any one or more of the following: artificially made termite baits, naturally brown - decayed pinewood, naturally withered fern leaves, and composted leaves of Cinnamomum camphora.

3. The wild Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein, The artificially made termite bait is selected from the waste matrix of dried shiitake mushrooms or ganoderma lucidum.

4. The wild Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein In step (3), the agricultural and forestry waste is dried by drying or sun - drying, and the materials are baled by manual or baling machine.

5. The wild Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein In step (3), the agricultural and forestry waste with a length exceeding the range where the holes are distributed is cut off.

6. The wild Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), the hole distribution of the Type A nurturing points is rectangular, annular, fan - shaped or radial; the hole distribution of the Type B nurturing points is rectangular or fan - shaped.

7. The wild Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (2), the nurturing points are dug with holes at an interval of 0.5 m.

8. The wild Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the height of the food pile is 50 cm.

9. The method for cultivating wild Termitomyces albuminosus according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), manage the food pile and the soil around the nurturing points, including: check the soil conditions in the area within 10 m around the food pile and the nurturing points every 15 days, including: the termite feeding situation; the subsidence, moisture, temperature, and weed conditions of the food pile; and the soil moisture content within a range of 10 m around the nurturing points; Among them, for the food pile that has subsided by more than 15 cm after termite feeding, it needs to be supplemented; for the food pile lacking moisture, moisture needs to be supplemented to keep the moisture content of the food pile at 40 - 75%; for the area with high temperature, punch holes or uncover the covered film; manually pull out the weeds, and do not graze large animals.

10. The wild Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (1), determine that the nurturing points are in the areas where wild Termitomyces albuminosus has grown in the recent 1 - 2 years, or where the activity traces of termite fungus farmer worker ants can be seen in the recent half - year.

Images